March 30, 2011

Base Seal International, Inc.

15822 River Roads
Houston, Texas 77079

Attn: Maxine Williams, President

baseseal@baseseal.com

RE: Laboratory Study for Base Seal International, Inc.

Houston, Texas

Dear Mrs. Williams:

Geotechnical Testing Laboratory, Inc. (GTL) is pleased to report the results of a recent study
performed for Base Seal International (BSI).

Specifications - The Standard Guide for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Chemicals for Soil
Stabilization in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials ( ASTM)
designation D 4609-94 was utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of the chemicals in improving the
engineering properties of the soils in this study. More specifically, the effectiveness was assessed
by comparing the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) as outlined in the procedure.

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to determine the possible economic and feasibility
advantages of utilizing new and different cost effective chemical soil stabilizing additives for treating
soils obtained from northwest Louisiana sites. Unified Classification results of the soils from these
sites ranged from slightly clayey sandy silts (CL-ML), lean clays with sand (CL)s, and sandy lean
clays s(CL), with plasticity indices ranging from 4 to 20. Compounding the wide range of soil types,
we were advised that the soils contained lignite mineral. Typically called xyloid lignite, or fossil
wood, tests have shone that small quantities of zyloid lignite contain elevated quantities of carbon
and organics, which naturally inhibit strength gain when mixed with Portland cement as a stabilizer.
Consequently this study was undertaken to determine if the strength of the stabilized soil could be
increased using liquid geopolymers together with quantities of Portland cement.

The soil additives utilized for the study are as follows:

< A liquid geo-polymer, trade name “Base Seal”, which is an environmental friendly
concentrated blended mixture of inorganic compounds, soluable in water and used in
combination with dry bulk chemical soil modifiers as a polymeric catalyst for soil
stabilization;

< A liquid geo-polymer, trade name “Top Shield”, which is an environmental friendly co-
polymer compound concentrate that can be mixed with water into a co-polymer solution,
and used as a mechanical soil binder for soil stabilization as well as a soil sealer for dust
control.
Laboratory Study for Base Seal International, Inc.
Houston, Texas
March 20, 2011
Page Two of Two

Laboratory Tests & Procedures - Two (2) predominate soil types, classified in accordance with
the Unified Soil Classification System (ASTM D2487-11), were utilized for this study:

< a low plasticity sandy lean clay classified as CL, containing a liquid limit (LL) of 25, a
plasticity index (PI) of 8, and containing 43 percent sand;

< a moderately plastic sandy lean clay with a CL classification, containing a liquid limit (LL)
of 40, a plasticity index (PI) of 20, and containing 32 percent sand.

Each raw sample was subjected to standard laboratory tests consisting of hydrometer analysis in
accordance with ASTM D422, moisture-density relations of soils (Proctor) in accordance with ASTM
D 698, Atterberg limits in accordance with ASTM D4318, sulfates in accordance with EPA Method
9056A, compressive strength in accordance with ASTM D 1633.

Bulk samples were processed to optimum moisture content using plain tap water, and blended with
3, 5 and 7 percent by weight of Portland cement. Subsequent specimens for compressive strength
were molded with cement and the Base Seal geo-polymer, and the Top Shield geo-polymer. Each
specimen was cured in accordance with ASTM D 1632, and broken at 3, 7 and 28 day intervals.
Additional samples from each trial batch were obtained for Atterberg limits and shrinkage testing
with, and without, the additives. The results of our laboratory studies can be viewed on the
attached reports.

Conclusions - The results of the laboratory tests showed that in every instance, the liquid geo-
polymers increased the initial compressive strength, and subsequent strength gain over a 28 day
curing period when mixed with both soil types. In both instances, the addition of the liquid polymers
should permit a significant decrease in the amount of stabilizer used, which will ultimately result in
overall cost savings for the project.

As is the case with all pavement construction, the thickness design should take into consideration
impacts from light vehicular traffic (cars and pickup trucks), and heavy commercial traffic (tractor-
trailers), for the design life of the pavement. Of utmost importance, the life expectancy of any
design is contingent upon proper drainage away from the pavement base and subgrade.

Respectfully submitted,
GEOTECHNICAL TESTING LABORATORY, INC.

Ken Gorsha
President

Distribution: Base Seal International, Inc.

KRG
 ATTACHMENTS

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF MOLDED SOIL-CEMENT CYLINDERS

LABORATORY CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS
MOISTURE-DENSITY RELATIONS OF SOILS
Client: Base Seal International, Inc. File No: 211100
15822 River Roads Report No: 1
Houston, Texas 77079 Date: 3/10/11
Attn: Maxine Williams, President

Project: Miscellaneous Testing for Base Seal International, Inc. - 2011

ATTERBERG LIMITS & COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
OF MOLDED SOIL-CEMENT CYLINDERS
(DOTD Designations TR423, TR428, TR432)
Laboratory Data: Target Strengths: Treatment - 150 psi @ 7 days
Soil Medium: Portland Cement (PC)
Liquid GeoPolymers: Top Shield (TS) @ 7:1 Dilution Rate
Base Seal @ 0.6 oz. per gallon
Laboratory Molded Specimens:
Compressive Strength
Atterberg Of Laboratory-Molded
Limits Specimens, psi
Portland
Cement, Age, days
Specimen Components % by wt. LL PL PI

Raw Soil None 25 17 8 3 7 28

Portland Cement w/water NP NP NP 111 146 158

PC w/water & Top Shield 3.0 NP NP NP 109 154 175

PC w/water & Base Seal NP NP NP 115 189 220

Portland Cement w/water NP NP NP 145 207 210

PC w/water & Top Shield 5.0 NP NP NP 158 235 275

PC w/water & Base Seal NP NP NP 182 276 294

Portland Cement w/water NP NP NP 195 258 255

PC w/water & Top Shield 7.0 NP NP NP 232 349 366

PC w/water & Base Seal NP NP NP 264 432 501

Respectfully submitted,
GEOTECHNICAL TESTING LABORATORY, INC.

Ken Gorsha
President

Copies To: Base Seal International, Inc.

KRG
Geotechnical Testing Laboratory, Inc.

Laboratory Classification of Soils

(DOTD Designation TR403, TR413, TR423, TR428, TR432)

Report Date: 2/24/2011 Sample Date: 2/14/2011 Project No.: 211136

Client: Base Seal International, Inc.

15822 River Roads
Houston, TX 77079
Attn: Maxine Williams, President

Project: Base Seal Study For G & T Materials, LLC - 2011

Results:

Unadjusted Silt, percent....................................................................................... 40

Unadjusted Sand, percent.................................................................................... 43

Unadjusted Clay, percent..................................................................................... 17

Liquid Limit (LL).................................................................................................... 25

Plastic Limit (PL)................................................................................................... 17

Plasticity Index (PI)............................................................................................... 8

Organic Matter, percent........................................................................................ 0.8

Sulfates, ppm....................................................................................................... 12.5

AASHTO Classification........................................................................................ A-4

USCS Classification............................................................................................. CL

Dry Unit Weight, pcf............................................................................................. 117.8

Optimum Moisture Content, percent.................................................................... 13.2

Design Moisture Content, percent........................................................................ 16.2

Geotechnical Testing Laboratory, Inc.

Moisture-Density Relations of Soils

(DOTD Designation TR418, TR423, TR428)

Report Date: 2/24/2011 Sample Date: 2/14/2011 Project No.: 211136

Client: Base Seal International, Inc.

15822 River Roads
Houston, TX 77079
Attn: Maxine Williams, President

Project: Base Seal Study For G & T Materials, LLC - 2011

Results:

Rammer Type....................................................................................... Mechanical

Preparation Procedure.......................................................................... Moist

Material Description.............................................................................. Sandy Lean Clay

Material Origin...................................................................................... Warehouse Area

AASHTO Soil Classification...................................................................... A-4

Liquid Limit (LL).................................................................................... 25

Plasticity Index (PI)............................................................................... 8

Percent Passing No. 100 Sieve............................................................. 100.0

Percent Passing No. 200 Sieve............................................................. 57.5

Maximum Dry Density........................................................................... 117.7

Optimum Moisture Content................................................................... 13.3

Client: Base Seal International, Inc. File No: 211100
15822 River Roads Report No: 2
Houston, Texas 77079 Date: 3/10/11
Attn: Maxine Williams, President

Project: Miscellaneous Testing for Base Seal International, Inc. - 2011

ATTERBERG LIMITS & COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
OF MOLDED SOIL-CEMENT CYLINDERS
(DOTD Designations TR423, TR428, TR432)
Laboratory Data: Target Strengths: Treatment - 150 psi @ 7 days
Soil Medium: Portland Cement (PC)
Liquid GeoPolymer: Base Seal @ 0.6 oz. per gallon

Laboratory Molded Specimens:

Compressive Strength Of
Atterberg Laboratory-Molded
Limits Specimens, psi
Portland
Cement, Age, days
Specimen Components % by wt. LL PL PI

Raw Soil None 40 20 20 3 7 28

Portland Cement w/water NP NP NP 170 220 235

3.0
PC w/water & Base Seal NP NP NP 236 344 380

Portland Cement w/water NP NP NP 242 319 333

5.0
PC w/water & Base Seal NP NP NP 371 463 500

Portland Cement w/water NP NP NP 302 402 422

7.0
PC w/water & Base Seal NP NP NP 421 546 569

It was a pleasure performing these services for you. Please contact our office if you have any
questions concerning this report, or if we can be of further assistance.

Respectfully submitted,
GEOTECHNICAL TESTING LABORATORY, INC.

Ken Gorsha
President

Copies To: Base Seal International, Inc.

KRG
Geotechnical Testing Laboratory, Inc.

Laboratory Classification of Soils

(DOTD Designation TR403, TR413, TR423, TR428, TR432)

Report Date: 2/24/2011 Sample Date: 2/14/2011 Project No.: 211136

Client: Base Seal International, Inc.

15822 River Roads
Houston, TX 77079
Attn: Maxine Williams, President

Project: Base Seal Study For G & T Materials, LLC - 2011

Results:

Unadjusted Silt, percent....................................................................................... 45

Unadjusted Sand, percent.................................................................................... 32

Unadjusted Clay, percent..................................................................................... 23

Liquid Limit (LL).................................................................................................... 40

Plastic Limit (PL)................................................................................................... 20

Plasticity Index (PI)............................................................................................... 20

Organic Matter, percent........................................................................................ 1.1

Sulfates, ppm....................................................................................................... 33.4

AASHTO Classification........................................................................................ A-6

USCS Classification............................................................................................. CL

Dry Unit Weight, pcf............................................................................................. 108.3

Optimum Moisture Content, percent.................................................................... 15.6

Design Moisture Content, percent........................................................................ 17.6

Geotechnical Testing Laboratory, Inc.

Moisture-Density Relations of Soils

(DOTD Designation TR418, TR423, TR428)

Report Date: 2/24/2011 Sample Date: 2/14/2011 Project No.: 211136

Client: Base Seal International, Inc.

15822 River Roads
Houston, TX 77079
Attn: Maxine Williams, President

Project: Base Seal Study For G & T Materials, LLC - 2011

Results:

Rammer Type....................................................................................... Mechanical

Preparation Procedure.......................................................................... Moist

Material Description.............................................................................. Sandy Lean Clay

Material Origin...................................................................................... Office Area

AASHTO Soil Classification...................................................................... A-6

Liquid Limit (LL).................................................................................... 40

Plasticity Index (PI)............................................................................... 20

Percent Passing No. 100 Sieve............................................................. 100.0

Percent Passing No. 200 Sieve............................................................. 67.2

Maximum Dry Density........................................................................... 108.3

Optimum Moisture Content................................................................... 15.6