Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
2 hours
5. If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do so on the
original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back of this
booklet. Remember to draw a line through your original answer.
6. If you use the extra page(s) you MUST write the question number clearly in
the box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where relevant, include
the question part beside the answer.
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SECTION A
1. (a) The human body is composed of about 70% water. All of our body reactions take place
in a fluid medium.
State TWO functions of water OTHER THAN it is the medium in which reactions occur.
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(2 marks)
(b) Apart from water, the human body needs a balanced diet in order for it to perform at its
best.
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(2 marks)
(ii) Name TWO nutrients which must be present in a balanced diet to provide the
energy for a person’s activities.
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(2 marks)
(c) Amari visits the National Science Centre and sees the following experiment being
conducted.
A sample of a substance is divided into two parts, one part placed in Test Tube 1 and the
other part in Test Tube 2. Benedict’s solution is added to both test tubes and the test tubes
are shaken. Test Tube 1 is then heated.
(i) The colour changes from blue to orange-red in Test Tube 1. Name the nutrient
that is MOST likely present in the sample.
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(1 mark)
(ii) Would there be a colour change in Test Tube 2? Give a reason for your answer.
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(3 marks)
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(d) A survey is conducted on four groups of secondary school students on the number of
servings of carbohydrates, fats and proteins that they eat during a one-week period.
Table 1 shows these results. Study the information in Table 1 and answer the questions
that follow.
A 125 115 60
B 100 80 81
C 60 7 30
D 60 50 140
(i) Which group of students had the MOST balanced diet? Give a reason for your
answer.
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(2 marks)
(ii) Which group of students would be MOST prone to becoming obese? Give a reason
for your answer.
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(2 marks)
(iii) Other than diet and exercise, suggest ONE factor that could contribute to obesity.
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(1 mark)
Total 15 marks
(i) Identify the parts labelled A and B. Write your answers on Figure 1. (2 marks)
(ii)
State ONE benefit of bones being hollow rather than solid.
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(1 mark)
(b) Name TWO raw materials required for the process of photosynthesis and ONE product
of photosynthesis.
Raw materials
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Product .....................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
(c) Cindy de-starches (starch removed from the leaf) a variegated leaf and then exposes it to
light for several hours. She then tests the leaf for starch using iodine.
What are the expected results of her experiment? Explain your answer.
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(4 marks)
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(d) Figure 2 shows a food web.
Python Jaguar
Chimpanzee Parrot
Insects
Banana
plant Coconut
(i) Identify the group of organisms that possesses the GREATEST amount of biomass,
and suggest the role that they play in the food web.
Organism ...............................................................................................................
Role ...............................................................................................................
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(2 marks)
(ii) Explain why each subsequent trophic level possesses LESS energy than the previous
level.
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(2 marks)
(iii) Suggest ONE consequence of the parrots being removed from the food web shown
in Figure 2.
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(1 mark)
Total 15 marks
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3. (a) (i) Identify the LARGEST source of air pollutants in the world today.
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(1 mark)
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(2 marks)
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(2 marks)
(c) Fredrick is training for a track and field event at school. His coach tells him he needs to
increase his vital capacity.
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(1 mark)
(ii) To increase his vital capacity, the coach recommends that Fredrick increases his
exercise regime and avoid smoking. Explain the effects of exercise and smoking
on his vital capacity.
Exercise ...............................................................................................................
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Smoking ...............................................................................................................
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(4 marks)
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(iii) Fredrick’s team-mate advises him to start training at higher altitudes in preparation
for his next race. Would training at a higher altitude improve his performance?
Explain your answer.
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(3 marks)
(iv) Fredrick trains in a city that has polluted air. Will this adversely affect his
performance? Give a reason for your answer.
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(2 marks)
Total 15 marks
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4. (a) Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct words from the list provided
in brackets.
(blood pressure, systole, ventricles, atria, diastole)
When the chambers of the heart contract, this is called .......................................... When
(b) Plaque on the walls of arteries causes the hardening of the arteries.
(i) Name the disease that describes the condition of hardening of the arteries and state
ONE symptom of this disease.
Disease ...............................................................................................................
Symptom ...............................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(ii) As a result of the disease named in (b) (i) above, the internal diameter of the artery
is reduced and this could lead to the development of hypertension. Name TWO
factors that may contribuute to hypertension.
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(2 marks)
(c) The arteries leading to Brian’s brain are becoming clogged. Briefly describe the effects
that these clogged arteries would have on Brian’s brain, and hence on Brian.
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(4 marks)
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(d) Hypertension is often linked to diabetes mellitus. Figure 3 shows the relationship between
blood glucose levels and meals, of two persons, Axel and Golda.
Figure 3. Relationship between blood glucose levels and meals, for two persons
(i) Which person, Axel or Golda, is MOST likely suffering from diabetes mellitus?
Explain your answer.
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(3 marks)
(ii) Explain ONE way in which genetic engineering has assisted in the treatment of
diabetes mellitus.
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(2 marks)
Total 15 marks
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SECTION B
5. (a) (i) Name the process by which eggs and sperms are made and state the importance
of this process to fertilization. (3 marks)
(ii) Name TWO processes by which genetic variation occurs in humans and state ONE
advantage of genetic variation. (3 marks)
Importance ...........................................................................................................
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Advantage ............................................................................................................
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(b) Hosé and Maria are a young married couple. Hosé is just starting a new job in which
there are many opportunities for promotion but for the time being is not making very much
money. Maria is returning to school to study nursing. Maria’s parents advise the young
couple to seek family planning counselling.
(i) Suggest THREE advantages to Hosé and Maria of practising family planning.
(3 marks)
(ii) Discuss THREE ways in which family planning benefits a country at large and
not just the nuclear family. (6 marks)
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(ii) .................................................................................................................................
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Total 15 marks
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6. The housefly is an insect which transmits pathogens from waste or faecal matter to foods thus
causing diseases. Figure 4 shows the life cycle of the housefly.
A
IV
II
III
B
(a) Name the stages labelled A and B and identify the duration of the processes labelled I, II,
III and IV in Figure 4. Write your answers on Figure 4. (6 marks)
(b) After Betty Bob’s graduation dinner, she becomes ill and the doctor suggests that she is
suffering from gastroenteritis. Suggest THREE signs/symptoms that Betty Bob may have
and advise her of the causative agent for gastroenteritis. (4 marks)
Signs/symptoms
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Causative agent
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(c) Typhoid is a disease that can also cause gastroenteritis. Suggest ONE OTHER disease
that can cause gastroenteritis and explain TWO measures that could be used to prevent
the occurrence of gastroenteritis. (5 marks)
Disease
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Measures
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Total 15 marks
END OF TEST
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.
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*0125302017*
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