PART 1.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Office of the Medical Examiner

PHACS, District 28184
Human Physiology County
281 Dissection Road, Cambridge, MA 02139

MEDICAL EXAMINER REPORT

Victim Name:​ Jane Doe Medical Examiner:​ Samantha Migliore

Case #:​ 1434 Sex: ​Female

Species:​ Fetal Pig Date of Exam:​ Friday, November 2nd, 2018

PART 2. INITIAL EXTERNAL EXAMINATION

The body of the patient was discovered to be a clearly underdeveloped female, made apparent by the
genital papilla near the anus. The patient was determined to be 26.5 cm in length from the tip of the
snout to the attachment of the tail. The patient weighed 109 grams, meaning that based upon both
height and weight, the patient was aged anywhere from 100 to 114 days old in the gestation stage. The
patient presented with clear, and even skin tone, categorized by a thin layer of light hair. The eyes were
closed, with no apparent orbital ecchymosis. The patient's mouth was obstructed by a large, dry and
cracked tongue protruding out, preventing the mouth from closing. The patients umbilical cord was
dehydrated, splitting into multiple cords towards the end. Upon closer physical examination, bleeding
was found from the patient's nasal cavity. (See Figure 2)

Figure 1. ​General external structure of patient. ​ xternal nasal bleeding.

Figure 2. E
PART 3. INITIAL INTERNAL EXAMINATION
Upon entrance of the patient's thoracic cavity, 15 mL of interstitial fluid was removed. The ribs
appeared unremarkable, with no signs of damage. All major organs were accounted for.

​ erial view of the initial internal systems.

Figure 3. A

PART 4. THORACIC CAVITY EXAMINATION

Weighing 8 grams, and measuring 4 cm across, the heart rests slightly to the left of the
Heart patient’s sagittal plane. Each atrium sitting atop of the ventricles appears to be of
normal size and quality, each free from any abnormalities.

Upon inspection, each lung appeared healthy and unremarkable. Together, the lungs
Lungs weighed 38 grams, and measured 8.5 cm in length and 5.5 in width. The bronchi
appeared normal with no observable blockage.

Trachea The trachea was located under a thin layer of membrane, but once uncovered appeared
to be healthy with adequate cartilage rings.

Thymus Thymus was unidentifiable.

Thyroid Thyroid was unidentifiable.

 Figure 4. ​View of thoracic cavity.

PART 5. UPPER ABDOMINAL CAVITY EXAMINATION

Liver Upon inspection, the liver appeared to be extremely dark brown, almost black. In total
it weighed, 31 grams and measured 5 cm in width. The lobes were unidentifiable as the
color camouflaged each detail.

Stomach Weighing, 10 grams and measuring 4 cm in length, the stomach presented with a grey
appearance and soft, hollow texture. Otherwise, the stomach appeared unremarkable.

Gallbladder Gallbladder was unidentifiable.

Spleen Weighing 1 gram and measuring 4.5 cm in length, the spleen appeared unremarkable
with a smooth, solid, and dense appearance.

Pancreas Upon inspection, the pancreas appeared to be slightly underdeveloped. However, as it

was damaged during the incision process, results are unclear.

Small Weighing 40 grams and measuring 10 cm in length, the small intestine sat slightly
Intestine below the large intestine and appeared to indicate adequate function.

Large The large intestine weighed 9 grams and measured 6.5 cm in length, but appeared to
Intestine obtain a harder texture than that of the small intestine.
 ​ iew of upper abdominal cavity.
Figure 5. V

PART 6. LOWER ABDOMINAL CAVITY EXAMINATION

Upon entrance, both kidneys appeared unilaterally healthy and therefore unremarkable.
The patients left kidney, located in the left lower abdominal quadrant weighed 5 grams
Kidneys and measured 3.5 cm across. The patients right kidney, located in the right lower
abdominal quadrant weighed 5 grams, measured 3.5 cm across. Both kidneys presented
with the same smooth texture and red-brown tone. When cut, the surface reveals a
healthy cortex and medulla with unremarkable calyces. No kidney stones were
discovered in either of the kidneys.

Renal Vein Both the renal veins and arteries were unidentifiable.
& Artery

Ureters Ureters were unidentifiable.

Bladder Upon inspection, patients bladder presented as a tube-like sac, connected to the
abdominal wall, but separated during the incision process. Results were unremarkable.
 ​ iew of lower abdominal cavity.
Figure 6. V

PART 7. CLINICAL CORRELATIONS

Based on the results of this examination and the amount of time the gestation period lasted, the patient
died before being born. Above all, the cause of death for Case # 1434 was ​cirrhosis​, or hardening of
the liver. This is of course based on the patient's darkly pigmented liver, and dense, hard texture. The
liver is mainly responsible for filtering blood which hails from the digestive tract. It also detoxifies
chemicals and secretes bile that ends up in the intestines. This disease can be inherited or caused by a
variety of factors that damage the liver, such as incurable viruses. However, since this patient was still
developing in her mother's womb, it can be inferred that the mother was not providing adequate
nutrients for her children. Thus, they could not properly form a functioning liver or pancreas as noted
in Part 5. The pancreas is vital to produce insulin and other important enzymes which help break down
foods. However, since this organ was underdeveloped, the patient could not do so. Thus, justifying
why dark feces were found within the lower abdominal quadrant. The patients non-functioning liver
and underdeveloped pancreas lead to a surplus of toxic blood throughout the body. Therefore, causing
the body to stray from homeostasis since toxins were circulating through the bloodstream, ultimately,
causing death.

Coroner: Medical Examiner: Routing Number:

Helen Shao Samantha Migliore 6351827519

Receiving Facility: Authorization: Date and Time:

Google Classroom November 6th, 2018