ish¨u ysñlï weúßKs' 01

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wOHhk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^W$fm<& úNd.h

13 fY%aKsh fN!;sl úoHdj ms<s;=re m;%h

I fldgi
1 - (4) 2 - (1) 3 - (4) 4 - (3 ) 5 - (4) 6 - (1) 7 - ( 4) 8 - (3 ) 9 - (5 ) 10 - ( 4)
11 - (2) 12 - (4) 13 - (1) 14 - (1 ) 15 - (2) 16 - (2) 17 - ( 4) 18 - (2 ) 19 - (3 ) 20 - ( 3)
21 - (5) 22 - (4) 23 - (4) 24 - (5 ) 25 - (4) 26 - (2) 27 - ( 4) 28 - (5 ) 29 - (3 ) 30 - ( 2)
31 - (2) 32 - (3) 33 - (1) 34 - (3 ) 35 - (4) 36 - (5) 37 - ( 5) 38 - (2 ) 39 - (3 ) 40 - ( 4)
41 - (2) 42 - (4) 43 - (2) 44 - (3 ) 45 - (1) 46 - (2) 47 - ( 5) 48 - (2 ) 49 - (1 ) 50 - ( 3)

II fldgi
A fldgi - jHqy.; rpkd
01' ^a& ^¸& 0.01mm
^¸¸& 0.01 x 50 = 0.5mm
^¸¸¸& -0.02mm
^¸¹& 9.98 mm, 9.99mm, 10.03mm
^¹& fnda,fha úYalïNh iEu ;eku taldldr fkdùu'

^¹¸& 9.98 + 9.99 + 10.03 = 10mm

3

^¹¸¸& dg = 2.2 x 10-3 = 4400kgm-3

4 x 3 x 1000 x 10-9
3 8
^b& ^¸& jia;=jla mQ¾K jYfhka fyda w¾O jYfhka ksYap, iucd;sh ;r,hl .s,ajd we;s úg ;r,h u`.ska
jia;=j u; we;s lrk f;rmqï n,h jia;=j u`.ska úia:dms; ;r, mßudfõ nrg iudk fõ'
^¸¸& bfnda,h uq¿ukskau c,fha .s,ajQ úg oDYH nr R

^¸¸¸& Vdwg = mpg - R ^¸¹& mp

mp - R - 4 x 10-6
V = mp - R dw dwg
dw dwg
02' ^a& óg¾ rE, ^b&

^c& ^¸& 2 la" m<uq wkqkdo wjia:dj" fojk

wkqkdo wjia:dj'
^¸¸& wkqkdo k<h uq¿ukskau c,fha .s,ajd
mÍCIKh wrUkak' iriq, lïmkh lr
Bg by<ska rEmfha mßÈ w,a,d k<h
l%ufhka by<g Tijkak' ;Sj% Yíohla
uq , s k a u we;s j k wjia : djla " tfia
Tijdf.k hk úg ;Sj% Yíohla fojkqj
we;sjk wjia:djla ,nd .kak'
^¸¸¸& ;Sj% Yíohla m<uqj we;sjk wjia:dfõ c,hg by<ska k<fha Wi l1 tjeks Yíohla fojkqj
we;sjk wjia:dj;a c,hg by<ska we;sl< fldgfia È. l2
 02

^¸¹& V = F
V = 500 x 4 (l1 + e) 1

V = 500 x 4 (l1 + e) 2
3
^¹& V = 500 x 4 (16.5 + e) x 10-2
-2
V = 500 x 4 (16.5 + e) x 10
3
/ = 16.5 + e  ka V = 2000 (16.5 + 0.5)10-2
2e = 1.0 V = 20 x 17
e = 0.5cm V = 340ms-1

^¹¸& fkdyel'
B<`. wkqkdo wjia:dj i`oyd wjYH k, fldgfia È. = 84.5cm
k,h È. ke;s ksid wkqkdo wjia:djla ,nd.; fkdyel'

03' ^a& úrdu>áldj f;o`vq $ isõo`vq ;=,dj

^b& x = weógrh y = fjda,aáógrh

^c& mßm:fha fkdief,k odrdjla wjYHh' fmakq h;=r l=vd lïmkhlska fjkia fkdjk jvd fyd`o ia:dhs
ikakdhl iïnkaOh imhhs'

^d& P = øj mDIaGh u`.ska isÿjk ;dmydksh wju lrhs' øjH jdIam ùu wju lrhs' ^ma,diaála $
fmd,siaghßka&
Q = le,ßógrfha mDIaGfha isÿjk ;dm ydksh wju lsÍug'

^e& mßir WIaK;ajhg jvd wvq ld,hla ;=<§ moaO;sh Wrd.;a ;dmh jeä ld,hl § ydks jQ ;dmhg o,
jYfhka iudk neúka ;dm yqjudrej ksid isÿjk fodaIh lemS hhs'

^f& fldaIh úi¾ckh ùu'

WIaK;ajh jeäjk neúka .s,a¨ï ;dmlfha m%;sfrdaOh fjkia ùu $ ikakdhl lïì r;aùu ksid
tajdfha m%;sfrdaOh jeäùu'

^g& Pt = (mc)
2 x 3/2 x 600 (85 + 70 x 10-3C)8
3 -1 -1
C = 140 x 103 = 2 x 10 Jky k
70
04' ^a& - +
V
^b& ^¸& V0 = V (R + Rx)
R
^¸¸& V = Rx x 1 + 1
V0R V0
^¸¸¸& 1 ^¸¹& wkql%uKh
V wka;#LKavh
^¹&
1
wka;#LKavh
1
R
 03

^c& ir, f¾Ldjla ,nd.; yelafla fjda,aáógrfha wNHka;r m%;sfrdaOhg jvd b;d l=vd R w.hla
f;dard.;fyd;a muKs'

^d& ^¸& mÍCIKh wjidkfha § m<uq mdGdxl kej; ,nd.kak'

^¸¸& 1.5V fldaI folla fY%aKs.;j iïnkaO fldg tjeks lsysmhla iudka;rj iïnkaO lsÍu'

B fldgi - rpkd
2
01' ^a& ^¸& P + ½ FV + fgh = K

^¸¸& iaÓ;sl mSvk mo

P - mSvkh
fgh - tall mßujl úNj Yla;sh
.;sl mSvk mo
½ fv2 - tal mßudjl pd,l Yla;sh

^b& A yd B g nZkq,S iólrKh ,shuq'

½ x 103 x 0 (103 x 10 x 4 + 8000 x 4) + P0 = ½ x 10V2 + 103 x 0 + P0
V2 = 144
V = 12ms-1

^c& ^¸& PB = P0 + hfg

= 1 x 105 + 20 x 103 x 10
PB = 3 x 105 Nm-2
^¸¸& B yd C g nZkq,S m%fïh fhdouq'
½ fvB2 + fgh + PB = ½ fvc2 + fgh + Pc
½ x 103 x 0 + 103 x 10 x 480 + 3 x 105 = x 103 x Vc2 + 0 + 105
Vc2 = 104
Vc = 100ms-1
^¸¸¸& msgùfï iS>%;djh = 0.2 x 100m3s-1 x 103 legm-3
= 0.2 x 104 kgs-1

^¸¹& N%uk pd'Y' ,nd.ekSfï iS>%;djh = = 107Js-1

^¹& E = ½ IW2 10
100
1 x 107 = ½ (½ x 103 x 4) W2
W = 100rads-1

02'
m<uq ldpfha j¾;khg
f = 10cm 1 - 1 = 1
V U F
1 - 1 = - 1
2.5cm V 15 10

15cm 10cm V = -30cm

tu m%;sìïnh oDIaÀ ú;dkhg msgqmiska iEfoa' fuh kej; wCIs ldph u`.ska j¾;kh lsÍfuka oDIaÀ
ú;dkfha meyeÈ,s m%;sìïnhla idod.; fkdyels fõ'
 04
^¸& ^¸¸& W;a;, ldphla
^¸¸¸&

^¸¹& 1 - 1 = 1 1 - 1 = 1
V U F V U F
1 - 1 = -1 1 - 1 = -1
40 25 F -2.5 40 F
5 - 8 = -1 1 = 16+1
200 F f 40
f = 200 cm f = 2.3 cm
3
n,h = 3 = 1.5D
200 x 10-2

03' ^a& wd;; m%;Hdn,h hkq we`§u i`oyd fhdok n,h yrialv j¾.M,hg orK wkqmd;hhs' ^F/A&
wd;;H úl%shdj hkq Èf.ys jeäùu uq,a È.g ork wkqmd;hh' ^e/L&
ndysr n,hla hgf;a øjH lene,a,la udk wdrïNl udk j,g jvd jeä jkafka kï th wd;kH f,i
ye`Èkafõ'
F/A 4.8 x 2
^b& ^¸& Y = =
e/L 0.4 x 10-3 x 2 x (0.2 x 10-3)2
~ 1 x 1011 Nm-2

^¸¸& F = Y e ^¸¸¸& EA = 1 Fe
A L 2
Y , e , L ksh; fõ' f = 1 x Fx F x l
2 A Y
F A 1 F 2
l
=
2 AY
4.8 = 19.22
Z x (0.4)2 Zd F , l ,Y ksh; fõ'
d = (0.4)2 x 4 EA  1
A
d = 0.8mm EA  1
Z x (0.2)2
EB  1
Z x (0.4)2
^¸¹& ^1& F = 5 x 108
A EA
=
EB 4
F = Z x (0.2 x 10-3)2 x 5 x 108
F = 3.14 x 4 x 10-8 x 5 x 10-8
F = 62.8N
^2& mg = 5 x 108A
fvg = 5 x 103A
8000 A.L x 10 = 5 x 103A

L = 5 x 108 = 6250m
8 x 104
13 fY%aKsh 05 fN!;sl úoHdj - II ^ms<s;=re m;%h&

F l 1
lA A Y A AA
^c& ^¸& = = (Y, L , F ksh; fõ')
lB 1
F l
A Y B
AB
AB x x (0.4)2
= =
AA x x (0.2)2
lB
= 4
lA
lB
^¸¸& = 4
lA
0.01
= 5
lB

lB = 0.02m  lA = 0.008m

F e
^¸¸¸& A g =Y fhdouq'
A L

F = 1 x 1011 x 8 x 10-3 x z x (0.2 x 10-3)2

q
F = 1011 x 4 x 10-3 x z x 4 x 10-8
= 16 x 
F = 50.24 N

;=Idr wxlfha § ix'jd'mS'

04' ^a& ^¸& ^1& id'w' =
ldur WIaK;ajfha § § ix'jd'mS'
80 P
=
100 31.7
P = 25.36 Hgmm
;=Idr wxlh = 260C

^2& id'fmalaI wd¾ø;djh = 25.36 x 100%

28.3
= 89.6%
^3& tkï ;=Idr wxlhg jvd WIaK;ajh wvq ù we;' túg jd;h ix;Dma; fõ'  idfmaCI
wd¾ø;djh 100%

^¸¸& a& 80 Px
=
100 31.7
P = 25.36 Hgmm
P = 25.36 x 10-3 x 13600 x 10
P = 3488.96 Nm-2
ldurh ;=< c, jdIam mßmQ¾K hhs Wml,amkh lruq'
PV = nRT
m
PV = RT
M
PVM
m =
RT
3488.96 x 50 x 18 x 10-3
m =
8.3 x 303
 06
m = 1.25hy
1.25hy
ksrfmaCI wd¾ø;djh = = 0.025kgm-3
50

b& ix;Dma; ùug wjYH uq¿ c, jdIam ialkaOh M kï

80 1.25
=
100 M
M = 1.5625hg
60 1.25 - x
c& ¸& =
100 1.5625
1.25 - x = 0.9375
x = 312.5g ^bj;a l< c, jdIam ialkaOh&
PVM
¸¸& m =
RT -3 -3
ix;Dma; ùug wjYH uq¿ jdIam ialkaOh = 22.3 x 10 x 13600 x 10 x 50 x 18 x 10
8.3 x 297
= 1.1kg
(1.25 - 0.3125)
kj idfmaI wd¾ø;djh = x 100% = 85.22%
1.1
^¸¸¸& ldurh ;=< c, jdIamfha wdxYsl mSvkh ldurfhka msg; jdhqf.da,fha c, jdIam mSvkhg jvd
wvqhs' msg;ska we;=,g jd;h .uka lrhs'
Q Q
05' ^¸& rEmfha whqre .jqishdkq mdIaGhla f;dard .ksuq' A
.jqishdkq mDIaGfha mj;sk wdfrdamKh = Q
Q
 = q
;yvq fol w;r úNj wka;rh V kï"
V 
E =
d
 = EA d
VA
 =
d
Q VA
=
q d
Q A
=
V d
A
C =
d
2A1
^¸¸& C1 =
d
2A2
d/2 1 C2 =
d
1 1 1
2 = +
d/2 C C1 C2
1 d d
= +
C 2A1 2A2
1 d 1 + 2
= + 12
C 2A
2A12
C =
d(12)
 07
^¸¸¸& Q Q Q Q Q

30F 45F 30F 30F 45F

10F

500V 500V

15F Q
1 1 1
= +
C 15 45
Q 45F 45 F
C =
4

500V

Q = CV
Q = 45 x 500 = 5605C
4
45F ys wdfrdamkh = 5625C
5625
45F ys fofl,jr ú'w' V = = 125V
45
30F ys wdfrdamkh = 5625C
5625
30F ys fofl,jr ú'w' = = 187.5V
45
20F fomi ú'w' = 20F fomi ú'w' = 500 - 125 - 187.5
= 187.5V
20F ys wdfrdamkh = 187.5 x 20
= 3750F
10F ys wdfrdamkh = 187.5 x 10
= 1875F

^¸¹& iïmQ¾K Yla;sh =  12 QV

= 1 x 3750 x 10-6 x 187.5 + 1 x 1875 x 10-6 x 187.5 + 1 x 5625 x 125 x 10-6
2 2 2
= 1.40625J

06' ^a& ^¸& Odß;%lfha .nvd jk Yla;sh =1 CV2 4 60V, 2

2
= 1 x 105 x 10-6 x 60
2 6 10
= 180J 3 105F
^¸¸&
4 I
V1 4
3 6
E4
V2 E3 3 V
4
6
 08
2
E = I2Rt E = V t
t, I ksh; ksid E  R
0
R
E4 = 2 t, I ksh; ksid
E2 E  1
180 = 2 R
E3 1
E2 E4 = 3
E2 = 60J 60
E1 = 120J E4 = 3
E4 = 20J
E3 = 40J

^b&

^¸& (V) g V = IR
4 = (I1 + I2) x 1
I2 + I2 = 4 1
E - 8 = I2 x 2 - I1 x R
E - 8 = 2I2 - I1R 2
8V fldaKh fïjd ^B& g wdfoaYfhka

4 = 8 - I1R E-8 = 2 4- 4 -4
R
4 = I1R E + 8 = 12 B
R
I1 = 4
R
ka I1 = 4 - 4
1
R
1 + 2 = 7
E - 8 = 21 - 22
^A& yryd úNj wka;rh 0 neúka
8V yryd úNj wka;rh = 0 úh hq;=hs'

8
0 = 8 - 2R 4 1 = 7 - 6
R
Br
2 = R 8
5 ka E - 8 = 2 7 - -8
R
16
8 E+ = 14
= 2 R
R
8
R = 4 E= = 12
R
8
E+ = 12
4
E = 10V
13 fY%aKsh 09 fN!;sl úoHdj - II ^ms<s;=re m;%h&
^¸¸&
V ys mdGdxlh
1
10 - 2 x
3
= 9.33V

2 4
X g idfmaCIj Y ys úNjh = 10 - - - 8
0 3 3
= 0
10 - 8 = 0 x 2 + 0 x 4
2 = 60 Vx = YB
1 VB = 0
0 =
3

07' ^a& ^¸&

miq keUqre wjia:dj fmr keUqre wjia:dj

^¸¸&

^b& ^¸&
Pz = Vz Iz
400 = 8I2
I2 = 50mA

^¸¸&
Rg / V = IR
4 = 50 x 10-3R
4000
0000

= R
50
0000

R = 80
 10
^¸¸¸&
200 V = IR
8 = 0 x 200
0000

8
0 =
0000 200
0 = 40mA

80 V = IR Iz = 50 - 40
4 = I x 80 = 10mA
I = 50mA
^¸¹&

P = VI
400 x 10-3 = 8I
I1 = 50mA

8 = I2 x 200 VI
I2 = 40mA

Imax = I1 + I2 V = IR
= 50mA + 40mA 4 = 90 x 10-3R
= 90mA Rmin = 44.45

^c& ^¸&

^¸¸& A, B fia keUqre fõ'

C, D miq keUqre fõ'
^¸¸¸&

2Vp
^¸¹& Vdc = = 2 x 10 = 6.37V
A 3.14