Abstracts
Conclusion: These studies show that targeting mitochondria .O2-
through pharmacological agents such as mitoTEMPO and resveratrol
is an effective approach to circumvent ventricular dysfunction.
Preclinical studies using large animal models and human trial may
further demonstrate therapeutic benefits of these promising agents.
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.09.038
Polyphenol-Rich Extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linn. Prevents
Oxidative Damage of Aorta in Diabetic Rats
Yusoff N.A., Budin S.B., Zainalabidin S., Tengku Nor Effendy Kamaruddin
T.N.T., Mohamed J.
Biomedical Science Programme, School of Diagnostic and Applied Health
Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan
Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetic condition induce free radicals
production and oxidative stress, which are associated with numerous
diabetic complications. Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. or roselle is a
popular traditional herb used to treat various diseases. Previous
studies have shown roselle to have high antioxidant properties. This
study was aimed to investigate the supplementation effects of
Hibiscus sabdariffa polyphenol-rich extract (HPE) of calyx on the
biochemical changes towards aorta of Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced
diabetic rats. Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats weighing
250-300 g were randomly divided into three groups (n =8) namely
the control group (NDM), diabetes mellitus group (DM) and diabetes
mellitus plus HPE group (DM + HPE). Diabetes was induced using
STZ at 60 mg/kg through a single intraperitoneal injection. HPE was
administered through oral gavage at 100 mg/kg daily for 28 consecutive
days. At the end of the experiment period, the rats were sacrificed and
thoracic aorta was isolated and prepared for homogenate. Results
showed that the glucose level in DM + HPE was significantly (pb0.05)
lower compared with DM group, indicating its potential as antidiabetic.
Conversely, the level of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), HDL-C and
HDL-C/LDL-C ratio as well as the enzyme activity of superoxide
dismutase (SOD) in DM + HPE group were significantly higher
(pb0.05) compared with DM group. The level of malondialdehyde
(MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C and
total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio in DM + HPE group were significantly
lower (pb0.05) in comparison with DM group. In conclusion, this study
suggests that HPE may give positive effect as antihyperlipidemic agent
while protecting thoracic aorta in STZ-induced diabetic rats from
oxidative damage.
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.09.039
Piper Sarmentosum Reduces Blood Pressure in
Dexamethasone-Induced Hypertensive Rats
Fadze N.F., Ugusman A., Aminuddin A., Zakaria Z., Mohd Nordin N.A.M.
Department of Physiology, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia, Medical Centre
(UKMMC), Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur
Background: Decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavability is a
cardinal feature of endothelial dysfunction which is linked to
hypertension. Dexamethasone (Dex) is a glucocorticoid with various
clinical applications and hypertension is a common complication its
chronic use.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of
aqueous extract of Piper sarmentosum (AEPS) on blood pressure
(BP) and NO level in hypertensive rats induced with Dex.
S5
Methods: Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly
divided into five groups of six rats each as follows: group I served
as control; group II was treated with AEPS (500mg/kg/day) given
orally; group III received Dex (20μg/kg/day, s.c), while group
IV and V were treated with Dex+AEPS (500mg/kg/day) and Dex+
Captopril (40mg/kg/day), respectively. All treatments were given for
28 days. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were
measured every two weeks using the tail cuff method. After 28 days,
all rats were sacrificed and NO level in the serum was measured
using Griess assay.
Results: Administration of Dex caused an increase in both SBP
(108 ± 2.5 to 146 ± 6.7mmHg, pb0.001, n=6) and DBP (74 ± 4.1
to 104 ± 7.6mmHg, pb0.001, n= 6). Treatment with AEPS lowered
SBP (108 ± 3.6 to 107 ± 7.1mmHg, p b0.001) and DBP (82 ± 3.8 to
79 ± 4.1mmHg, p b0.01) in Dex-induced hypertensive rats (n =6).
Dex also caused reduction in NO level (3.5 ± 2.39μM, p b0.05, n=6)
but AEPS was able to restore NO in Dex-induced hypertensive rats
(15.5 ± 4.52μM, p b0.05, n= 6).
Conclusion: Piper sarmentosum reduces blood pressure in
dexamethasone-induced hypertensive rats and this may be partly
mediated by restoration of NO.
doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.09.040
Exploring the Cost of Heart Failure in Hospital Queen Elizabeth II,
Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
Tan Y.P.a, Shafie A.A.a, Liew H.B.b, Liau S.Y.c, Yong S.L.c
a
Discipline of Social & Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
b
Cardiology Department, Hospital Queen Elizabeth II, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
c
Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Queen Elizabeth II, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
Background: This is a retrospective study using the data of the
ASIAN-HF Registry of Hospital Queen Elizabeth II, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
to estimate the annual cost of heart failure from the perspective of
Ministry of Health Malaysia.
Objective: The main objective is to estimate the annual health care
cost of heart failure in Hospital Queen Elizabeth II, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
Materials & Methods: The retrospective study utilized the
medical records and ASIAN-HF Registry data in the Hospital Queen
Elizabeth II. In the first phase the registry electronic database was
validated in term of completeness and accuracy by comparing with
the registry case report forms. In the second phase the epidemiology
of register patients was explored based on the validated data. Finally,
health care resources utilization data were abstracted from the medical
records and combined it with earlier epidemiology results to estimate
the annual health care cost of Stage C heart failure in Hospital Queen
Elizabeth II. A generalized linear model with a logarithmic link and
gamma distribution was developed to determine predictors of cost of
heart failure.
Results: The validation study showed that the registry electronic
database has a good degree of completeness and accuracy. In the
epidemiology study, 74.8% of the patients have baseline NYHA class I. The
mean annual cost of heart failure was RM 5,434.00 (SD 1,069.00) per
patient. The main driver of cost of heart failure was cost of hospitalization
which accounted for 74.4% of the total cost. The generalized linear model
showed that the predictors of lower cost were baseline NYHA class 1
(cost ratio 0.51; 95% CI, 0.30-0.86; P = 0.012) and duration of heart
failure diagnosis 1-5 years 1 (cost ratio 0.61; 95% CI, 0.45-0.82; P =
0.001). Hospitalization (cost ratio 6.68; 95% CI, 5.00-8.92; P b 0.001) and
hypertension (cost ratio 1.43; 95% CI, 1.06-1.92; P = 0.018) were
predictors associated with higher cost of heart failure.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, hospitalization was the main
driver of cost of heart failure. Attention needs to be given in