UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF

Aviation Technology (UniKL MIAT))

PROPOSAL

FINAL YEAR PROJECT (FYP)

Title of Project

the development of mini air-core based turbine

generator in design circuit
Student’s Name

Ahmad Aimi Safuan Bin Ahmad Zambri

Student’s ID Number

53211117157

Section/Department

Bachelor of Aircraft Engineering Technology

(Hons) in Mechanical
Project Supervisor’s Name

Dr Fadhilah bt Mohd Sakr

 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION

An air core can generate when liquid is drained through a hole centered on the
bottom of a tank after reach a critical height on free surface level. An air core is often
formed during the rotation of cylindrical tank. The normal air core has a spiral shape same
as a tornado piercing through upper surface of the liquid to the bottom of the tank. The
effective sectional area for the drain outlet becomes narrow because of the area parting
with the gas phase increases. Thus, the draining flow rate will be slightly affected by the
formation of the air core.
Generally, vortex flow formation at the outlet of a tank is a significant and
undesirable phenomenon. Air core vortex will be produced by different high in a closed
surface of water flow. Water flow will generate force that can produce a reusable energy.
Different high of water flow will produce air core vortex which will produce more energy
compared to normal water flow.
A mini water turbine is a rotary machine that takes energy from moving water.
Hydroelectric power is widely used by many major utility suppliers in the form of large
hydroelectric dams. Of course all the hydroelectric dams in the world won't help provide
power to a home or village outside the reach of the electric power grid. "Micro- hydro"
power is another option for gathering electric power from moving water sources. By using
small water turbines fed from a river or stream, individuals can gather consistent power
from the water, no matter how far from the utility power grid they may be. In this project,
we will focus on usage of water turbine that suitable for low pressure head river. These
system Water turbines generate very reliable power with a very simple design. Some kind
of "runner" or propeller is attached to a shaft that operates an alternator to generate power
when water turns the blade.
 1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

 To facilitate rural communities by providing electrical power to rural and remote areas.
 Rural area is considered electrified if it possesses basic electrical infrastructure and 10%
of its homes have access to power.
 A rural electrification is one of the solution to sustain a comfortable environment.
 The demand of renewable energy requirements have steadily increased with an
advancement in energy harvesting

1.3 OBJECTIVE

 To study the phenomena of air-core vortex

 To produce a system that will be called as mini air-core based turbine generator
 To develop the best design circuit to be used in the generator system.
 To test the system reliability and functionality.

1.4 Significant of study

This study is purposely to give capability in producing energy by the angular force
form by air core vortex through liquid flow. This study also gives opportunity for future researcher in
experiment conduct any harvesting energy experiment produce by the air core in more economical
way. Besides that, it will provide mechanism to convert the energy from air core vortex to useful
energy.
 Chaper 2

LITERATURE REVIEW
Pre eliminary

Title Author Objectives Method Parameter Result

1.Design and 1. H W Cho To determine the 1.Experimental 1.Concept of 1.Flux density

analysis of air- total weight of - increasing the
2. M Feddersen actively shielded distribution.
core the generator with SC coil
superconducting 3. K S Haran actively shielded SC quantity and air-core SC 2.Output characteristics
generator for generator has lower decreasing the
machine. and weight.
wind power weight compare weight of the
applications with conventional whole 2.Sizing
magnetically machine.
procedure for
2006 shielded SC
generator. wind power
IOP Conf. Series:
applications
Journal of
Physics: Conf.
Series 1054
(2018) 012083

2. A Review on 1.O. B. Yaakoba, 1. To give an 1.Numerical 1.Free Surface 1. Shown that FSV is
Micro Hydro 2.Yasser M.Ahmed overview from 2.Experimental Vortex influence foundation of the
Gravitational 3.A. H. Elbatrana, both flow and on the usefulness gravitational water
Vortex Power and 4.H. M. Shabaraa power points of or harmfulness or vortex power plant
Turbine Systems view by disregarding. which is achieved great
discussing the free significance for the
surface vortex global environmental
Article in Jurnal (FSV) and the concerns.
Teknologi · July suitable turbine 2. Displayed various
2014 systems which are types of micro
used in micro hydropower turbines; it
hydropower. presented a general
description of micro
hydropower turbines
systems and their
various components
and performance.
3.A Review on 1. M. M. Rahman1 1. To harvest energy 1.Theoretical 1.Turbine 1. GWVPP is capable
of generating power
the Development 2. J. H. Tan1 from low head water 2.Inlet and Outlet
from low water head.
of Gravitational 3.M.T.Fadzlita1 sources which Configurations 2.GWVPP can be an
alternative energy
Water Vortex 4.A.R. Wan Khairul Gravitational Water 3.Basin
source which is
Power Plant as Muzammil1 Vortex Power Plant Configurations environmentally
friendly as well as cost
Alternative 4.Free Surface
effective.
Renewable Vortex 3.The optimal turbine
position is 0.65 to 0.75
Energy Resources
of the basin’s height.
4.The maximum
efficiency varied from
OP Conf. Series:
30% to
Materials Science 50% depends on the
numbers and size of the
and Engineering
blade.
217 (2017) 5. Study also showed
that conical shape basin
012007
has better performance
than cylindrical shape
basin.
6. In addition, the inlet
flow rate has
significant effects
on the efficiency. It
increased with increase
of flow rate and vice
versa.

4. Basic 1. B. Arav, 1. To improve the 1.Theoretical 1.Forcing 1. The use forced

Concepts for 2. R. Shulma concept of forced 2.Experimental experience on turbine with air cooling
Forcing of 3. V. Doounb low power Micro restrictions the to meet the
Low-Power Turbine Generator thermos- requirements of the
Micro (MTG) to meet the mechanical specific weight and
Turbine requirements loading and size to improve
Generators related to cost, environmental performance on the
power efficiency safety, basis of experience of
International and specific 2. Base for forcing for ICE.
Conference on indicators. forcing 2The use of
Industrial recuperator, while
Engineering, ICIE achieving high specific
2016 values, for higher-
efficiency of the forced
MTG.