2/4/2019 Chlorine: Preparation, Properties, Chlorine Poisoning, Uses and Videos

Chlorine
Scheele manufactured a gas in 1774 by the activity of hydrochloric acid on manganese dioxide. In
1810, Davy built up its elementary nature and recommended the name Chlorine by virtue of its colour. It
is greenish-yellow and it has a pungent smell.

Preparation Methods
1) We can prepare the gas by heating manganese dioxide along with concentrated hydrochloric acid. We
can also prepare the gas by the activity of hydrochloric acid on bleaching powder (or) lead dioxide
potassium (or) permanganate.

2) Electrolytic Process

We can acquire the gas by the electrolysis of salt water in a Nelson cell. This is the least expensive
technique and gives the purest form of the gas.

3) Deacon’s Process

In this procedure, we can manufacture the gas by the oxidation of hydrochloric acid in the presence of
cuprous chloride at 723K and a pressure of 1 atmosphere.

Physical Properties
Chlorine is a greenish-yellow gas. It has a pungent odour.
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2/4/2019 Chlorine: Preparation, Properties, Chlorine Poisoning, Uses and Videos

It has a boiling point of 239.11K and a melting point of 171.6K.

The gas is harmful to nature.

It is 2-5 times denser than air.

It can be effectively condensed.

The gas is marginally dissolvable in water.

Its valency is 7.

Chemical Properties
It breaks up in water to give a firmly smelling, yellow arrangement- chlorine water. It loses its
yellow colour when it remains in the daylight. This is because of the arrangement of a blend of
hydrochloric acid and hypochlorous acid.

Hypochlorous acid, being unsteady, breaks down and releases nascent oxygen. The oxygen so
shaped is in charge of the bleaching and oxidizing properties of chlorine.

It joins particularly with all non-metals except nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen. It reacts very fast
with most of the metals. This reaction results in the formation of chlorides.

It has an extraordinary liking for hydrogen. It reacts with hydrogen in the presence of light with
a blast to form hydrochloric acid.

Chorine breaks down a few hydrogen compounds to shape hydrochloric acid.

It is a decent oxidizing agent; it oxidizes ferrous to ferric, sulfur dioxide to sulphuric acid,
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2/4/2019 Chlorine: Preparation, Properties, Chlorine Poisoning, Uses and Videos

sulfites to sulfates, and iodine to iodic acid.

Moist chlorine, because of the release of nascent oxygen, goes about as a very powerful
bleaching agent. It fades organic matter or vegetables.

With slaked lime, it frames bleaching powder.

It reacts with unsaturated hydrocarbons to give addition products and substitution products with
saturated hydrocarbons.

Chlorine Poisoning
Chlorine is a chemical that counteracts bacterial development in stationary water. It’s utilized to purify
sewage and commercial waste. It’s additionally an active ingredient in a few cleaning items.

Chlorine poisoning usually happens when you take in or breathe in the chemical. It reacts with water —
incorporating the water in your digestive tract. it, thus, forms hydrochloric acid and hydrochlorous acid.
Both of these substances are very harmful to our body.

You might be most acquainted with chlorine that is utilized as a part of pools. Be that as it may, most
occurrences of chlorine poisoning come about because of ingesting household cleaners, not pool water. A
couple of regular household items and substances containing chlorine include:

Tablets utilized as a part of swimming pools

Swimming pool water

Mild household cleaners

Bleaching products

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