316L Pipe Sizing Calculations and Tables

DISCUSSION

For piping systems constructed with a minimum ¾” to a maximum 2-1/2”

316L seamless pipe (A312). The physical dimensions and mechanical
properties are listed below:

Material: 316L
Size: ¾” – 2-1/2” Schedule 40 - 160
Wall Thickness: See Chart below
O.D. See Chart below
Tensile Strength: 70,000 psi (ASTM A312)
Yield Strength: 25,000 psi (ASTM A312)

To satisfy the specification, the pipe must have a Working Pressure of at

least 3,000 psi and a have a minimum Burst Pressure of 12,000 psi. The
calculations below support the choice of pipe schedule shown in Table 1.

1) Working Pressure Calculation

The calculation for Working Pressure is based on ANSI B31.1 and ANSI B31.3
(304.1.2)3a)(3b)(3c). The listed form of the equation in ANSI B31.1 – 2001, Section
3, par. 324(a) shown below solves for allowable pressure:

2 x S x (tm – C )
P = ------------------- (1)
D – 2 x Y x (tm – C )
Where:

P = Allowable Working Pressure – (psi)

S = Allowable Working Stress (calculated below)
tm = Wall Thickness (87.5% of nominal wall thickness)
C = Allowance for corrosion and/or mechanical strength = .0015”
Y = Coefficient for Temperature = .4 up to including 900°F.
D = Outside diameter of pipe = 1.05” for ¾”

The Allowable Stress (S) is calculated from the lower of the two equations:
The lower value comes from equation (2), hence the Allowable Working Stress:

Yield x 2 25 ksi x 2 Tensile 70 ksi

S = ------------ = ------------- = 16.7 ksi (2) S = ----------- = ---------- = 23 ksi (3)
3 3 3 3

S = 16.7 ksi = 16,700 psi (4)

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 316L Pipe Sizing Calculations and Tables

Part 2 – Pipe (cont.)

Substituting the known values in Equation (1) for ¾” Schedule. 40 yields:

2 x S x (t – C ) 2 x 16,667 x (.113 x .875 – .0015)

P = ------------------- = ---------------------------------------------- (5)
D – 2 x Y x (t – C ) 1.05 – 2 x .4 x (.113 x .875 - .0015)

P= 3,339 psi for Stainless ¾“ Sched. 40 Pipe (6)

The working pressure for ¾” Schedule 40 Stainless Steel pipe is 3,339 psi
exceeding the requirement for 3,000 psi. Table 1 below lists the working pressures
for range of pipe sizes anticipated for the Olympus N-88 Rig.

TABLE 1 ‐ N88 pipe Size Calculations based on Allowable Stress 
    Dimensions in inches  Stress & Press. "psi" 
              Allowable  Allowable 
    Outside  Wall  87.5%  Corr.  Temp.  Working  Working 
Size   Sched  Diameter  Thick.  Nominal  Allow.  Coef.  Stress  Pressure 
3/4"  40  1.05  0.113  0.099  0.0015  0.4  16,667  3339 
3/4"  80  1.05  0.154  0.135  0.0015  0.4  16,667  4708 
1"  40  1.31  0.133  0.116  0.0015  0.4  16,667  3144 
1"  80  1.31  0.179  0.157  0.0015  0.4  16,667  4360 
1"  160  1.31  0.25  0.219  0.0015  0.4  16,667  6374 
1‐1/4"  40  1.66  0.14  0.123  0.0015  0.4  16,667  2580 
1‐1/4"  80  1.66  0.191  0.167  0.0015  0.4  16,667  3614 
1‐1/4"  160  1.66  0.25  0.219  0.0015  0.4  16,667  4873 
1‐1/2"  40  1.9  0.145  0.127  0.0015  0.4  16,667  2322 
1‐1/2"  80  1.9  0.2  0.175  0.0015  0.4  16,667  3284 
1‐1/2"  160  1.9  0.281  0.246  0.0015  0.4  16,667  4779 
2"  40  2.375  0.154  0.135  0.0015  0.4  16,667  1958 
2"  80  2.375  0.218  0.191  0.0015  0.4  16,667  2837 
2"  160  2.375  0.344  0.301  0.0015  0.4  16,667  4675 
2‐1/2"  40  2.875  0.203  0.178  0.0015  0.4  16,667  2147 
2‐1/2"  80  2.875  0.276  0.242  0.0015  0.4  16,667  2982 
2‐1/2"  160  2.875  0.375  0.328  0.0015  0.4  16,667  4166 

For a 3,000 psi system, schedule 80 pipe is acceptable for all sizes except 2”. The
2” pipe will require schedule 160.

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 316L Pipe Sizing Calculations and Tables

Part 2 – Pipe (cont.)

2) Burst Pressure Calculation

The calculation for Burst Pressure is based on ANSI B31.1 and ANSI B31.3. The
listed form of the equation in ANSI B31.1 – 2001, Section 3, shown below solves for
burst pressure:
2xSxt
P = ------------ (1)
D
Where:

P = Burst Pressure
S = Tensile Stress = 70,000 psi
t = Wall Thickness = .113 inch
D = Outside diameter of pipe = 1.05” for ¾”

Substituting the known values in Equation (1) yields:

2 x 70,000 x .113
P = ------------------------ (2)
1.050

P = 15,067 psi (3)

The burst pressure for ¾” Schedule 40 Stainless Steel pipe is 15,067 psi exceeding
the requirement for 12,000 psi. Table 2 shows the bursting pressure for the
pressure lines anticipated on the Olympus N-88.

TABLE 2 ‐ N88 Pipe Size Calculations based on Bursting Pressure 
           Dimensions in Inches 
Outside  Wall  Tensile Stress  Bursting 
Size  Sched.   Diameter  Thickness   (psi)      Pressure   (psi) 
                       
3/4"  80  1.05  0.154  70,000      20533   
1"  80  1.31  0.179  70,000      19130   
1‐1/4"  80  1.66  0.191  70,000      16108   
1‐1/2"  80  1.90  0.200  70,000      14737   
2"  160  2.375  0.344  70,000      20278   
2‐1/2’  160  2.875  0.375  70,000      18260   

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 316L Pipe Sizing Calculations and Tables

Part 2 – Pipe (cont.)

3) Required Thickness for Bending Pipe

Where possible, the pipe will be

bent in place of installing socket welded
90’s or 45’s. When pipe is bent along a
radius, the outer wall extends and the
inner wall compresses. The resultant is
a reduction in the wall thickness and

Lo
hence a reduction in the allowable
pressure of the pipe.
The following calculation
determines the reduction in wall

Li
6.5
thickness based on the geometry. The

Ro=
reduction is calculated. The calculations 5D
5.
are based on a bend radius of six (6) R i
=

times the diameter of the pipe. This is R=6D

an industry standard and the basis of
most hydraulic pipe bending machine O.D.
dies.

A) Given Parameters tm

For ¾” Pipe, schedule 80

O.D. = Outer Diameter = 1.05”
tm = Wall Thickness = .154”
R = Center Radius of Pipe = 6 OD = 6.30”
Ri = Inner Radius = 5.5 OD = 5.78”
Ro = Outer Radius = 6.5 OD = 6.83”
Li = Inner Length
Lo = Outer Length

B) Calculations

O.D. / 2 1.05” / 2
Elongation = ----------- = ------------ = 7.68% (1)
Ro 6.83”

2 x Ro x π 2 x 6.83” x π
Outer Length (L o) = --------------- = ----------------- = 10.715” (2)
4 4

2 x Ri x π 2 x 5.78” x π
Inner Length (L i) = --------------- = ----------------- = 9.071” (3)
4 4
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 316L Pipe Sizing Calculations and Tables

Part 2 – Pipe (cont.)

Li x tm 9.071” x .154”
New Wall thickness = --------- = -------------------- = .130” (4)
Lo 10.715”

Substituting the known values in Equation (1) yields:

2 x S x (t – C ) 2 x 16,667 x (.130 x .875 – .0015)

P = ------------------- = ----------------------------------------------- (5)
D – 2 x Y x (t – C ) 1.05 – 2 x .4 x (.130 x .875 - .0015)

P= 3,897 psi for Stainless ¾“ Sched. 80 Pipe (6)

The working pressure for ¾” Schedule 80 Stainless Steel pipe after bending
is 3,897 psi exceeding the requirement for 3,000 psi.

TABLE 3 ‐ N88 Allowable Pressure for Bending   
Dimensions in inches  "psi" 
      Center           New   
    Wall  Of  Inner  Outer  Inner  Outer  Wall  Allowable 
Size  O.D.  Thick.   Radius  Radius  Radius  Length  Length  Thick.  Pressure 
                   
3/4"‐40  1.05  0.113  6.30  5.78  6.83  9.07  10.72  0.096  2784 
3/4"‐80  1.05  0.154  6.30  5.78  6.83  9.07  10.72  0.130  3909 
1"‐40  1.31  0.133  7.86  7.21  8.52  11.32  13.37  0.113  2624 
1'‐80  1.31  0.179  7.86  7.21  8.52  11.32  13.37  0.152  3626 
1"‐160  1.31  0.250  7.86  7.21  8.52  11.32  13.37  0.212  5265 
1‐1/4"‐40  1.66  0.140  9.96  9.13  10.79  14.34  16.94  0.119  2159 
1‐1/4"‐80  1.66  0.191  9.96  9.13  10.79  14.34  16.94  0.162  3014 
1‐1/4"‐160  1.66  0.250  9.96  9.13  10.79  14.34  16.94  0.212  4047 
1‐1/2"‐40  1.90  0.145  11.40  10.45  12.35  16.41  19.39  0.123  1945 
1‐1/2"‐80  1.90  0.200  11.40  10.45  12.35  16.41  19.39  0.169  2742 
1‐1/2"‐160  1.90  0.281  11.40  10.45  12.35  16.41  19.39  0.238  3971 
2"‐40  2.38  0.154  14.25  13.06  15.44  20.52  24.24  0.130  1642 
2"‐80  2.38  0.218  14.25  13.06  15.44  20.52  24.24  0.185  2373 
2"‐160  2.38  0.344  14.25  13.06  15.44  20.52  24.24  0.291  3887 
2‐1/2"‐160  2.88  0.375  17.28  15.84  18.72  24.88  29.39  0.317  3464 

A reduction in pressure is encountered, but all pressure sizes stay above

3,000 psi.

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