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SHEAR

AR137
PREPARED BY: ENGR. NESLYN E. LOPEZ
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

16. Relate how the shear stress in a concrete member takes place. (CO1)

17. Measure the shear and strength in concrete. (CO1, CO5)

18. Solve shear design problems based on NSCP code considerations. (CO5)
INTRODUCTION

 Ductile members are permitted by the code

 Larger factor of safety is provided for shear failures


GENERAL
TYPES OF SHEAR FAILURES
 Diagonal Tension failure – occurs when the shear span is greater than
3d or 4d.

 Shear-Compression failure – occurs when the shear span is from d to


2.5 d.

 Splitting or True Shear failure – occurs when the shear span is less
than the effective depth d.
BASIC CODE REQUIREMENTS

𝑉𝑢 ≤ ∅𝑉𝑛 Factored load ≤ Design shear ∅ = 0.75

𝑉𝑛 = 𝑉𝑐 + 𝑉𝑠
Nominal Shear = Shear carried by concrete + Shear carried by reinforcement
SHEAR REINFROCEMENT BEHAVIOR
LIGHTWEIGH CONCRETE AND MODIFICATION FACTOR

𝜆 = 0.75 for all lightweight concrete

𝜆 = 0.85 for all sand − lightweight concrete

𝜆 = 1.0 for normal weight concrete


If average splitting tensile strength f’ct is specified,
𝑓′𝑐𝑡
𝜆= ≤ 1.0
0.56 𝑓′𝑐
SHEAR CONCRETE PROVIDED BY THE CODE
 For members subject to shear and flexure only:

𝑉𝑐 = 0.17𝜆 𝑓′𝑐 𝑏𝑤 𝑑
 For members subject to axial compression:
𝑁𝑢
𝑉𝑐 = 0.17 1 + 𝜆 𝑓′𝑐 𝑏𝑤 𝑑
14𝐴𝑔
Nu
is expressed in MPa
Ag
𝑁𝑢 = factored axial load normal to cross section occurring simultaneously with Vu to be taken as positive for
compression and negative for tension, and to include effects of tension due to creep and shrinkage.
Ag = gross area of section in mm2
SHEAR STRENGTH PROVIDED BY REINFORCEMENT

 Shear strength provided by the stirrups is given by the following but shall
not be taken greater than:
2
𝑓′𝑐 𝑏𝑤 𝑑
3

 When shear reinforcement is perpendicular to axis of member is used:

𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑑
𝑉𝑠 =
𝑠
SHEAR STRENGTH PROVIDED BY REINFORCEMENT

 Av = area of the shear reinforcement within a distance s


 Av = 2Ab for U-stirrup
 fyt = specified yield strength of hoop, tie, or spiral reinforcement
SHEAR STRENGTH PROVIDED BY REINFORCEMENT
SHEAR STRENGTH PROVIDED BY REINFORCEMENT
SHEAR STRENGTH PROVIDED BY REINFORCEMENT
SPACING LIMITS OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENT

 The spacing of the shear reinforcement placed in perpendicular to axis


of member shall not exceed:
𝑑
𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = < 600 𝑚𝑚
2

1
𝑉𝑠 > 𝑓′𝑐 𝑏𝑤 𝑑
 When: 3 maximum spacing given above limits shall
be reduced by one-half
MINIMUM SHEAR REINFORCEMENT
 Where Vu exceeds 0.5ØVc:

𝑏𝑤 𝑠 𝑏𝑤 𝑠
𝐴𝑣 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.062 𝑓′𝑐 ≥ 0.35
𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑓𝑦𝑡
REFER TO NSCP SECTION 411
DETAILED DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS. 
PROBLEM 1
 A rectangular beam has a width of 260 mm and an overall depth
of 470 mm. concrete cover is 60 mm from the centroid of bars.
Concrete compressive strength f’c = 21 MPa. Steel yield
strength fy = 415 MPa for longitudinal bars and 275 MPa for
hoops. Determine the shear strength provided by concrete
using the simplified calculation (a) if the beam is subjected to
shear and flexure only, and (b) if the beam is subjected to axial
compression force of 80 KN.
PROBLEM 2

 A rectangular beam has bw = 280 mm and d = 510


mm. Determine the maximum factored shear can
this beam section carry. Use f’c = 24 MPa.
PROBLEM 3
 A rectangular beam has the following properties:
bw = 320 mm Stirrup diameter = 10 mm
d = 570 mm fyt = 275 MPa
f’c = 24 MPa
Determine the required spacing vertical U-stirrup when the
required shear strength Vu is (a) 50 KN, (b) 90 KN, (c) 130 KN,
(d) 290 KN, (e) 360 KN, and (f) 570 KN.

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