Lesson 1:

Introduction to ICT
Prepared by: Mr. John Errol Santiago
Lesson Objectives:

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

• Improve their knowledge on how ICT affects their everyday lives and
the state of our nation;
• Compare and contrast the differences between online platforms, sites,
and content;
• Understand the features of Web 2.0;
• Understand the future of the world Wide Web through Web 3.0;
• Learn the different trends in ICT and the use them to their advantage.
• Information means valuable context that gives meaning and
relevance to many people such as name of place, birth date, color,
money, your name, depending on the context. Technically,
information is referred as data (once processed in a computer) which
is accurate and timely committed and organized for a purpose. Other
writers have defined information as:

“Any potentially useful fact, quantity or value that can be expressed

uniquely with exactness. Information is whatever is capable of causing
a human mind to change its opinion about the current state of the real
word.”
~ deWatteville and Gilbert 2000
• Communication refers to the conveying of information between two
or more people in different places. Technically, communication
facilitates the communication between individuals and groups using
smart phones, features phones, tablets, radio, television, and all
computer based technology.

“A process involving the passing of messages through the use of

symbols which all parties in the communication encounter understand.
It involves the exchange of ideas, facts, opinions, attitudes and beliefs
between people. It is not a one-way affair. There must be a sender to
transmit the message, and receiver to make appropriate decisions on
how the rest of the exchange should continue.”
~ James, et al., 2004
• Technology means of devoting to create new tools to accomplish
various tasks in our daily lives. Typically, technology can be described
as a product, processes, organization, models, prototypes, arts and
services. Other writers have defined technology as:

“The acquisition, analysis, manipulation, storage and distribution of

information; and the design and provision of equipment and software
for these purposes.”
~ deWatteville and Gilbert 2000
• ICT stands for Information and Communications Technology.
• ICT deals with the use of different communication technologies
such as mobile phones, telephone, Internet, etc. to locate, save,
send, and edit information.
• These are digital forms of communication including tools
available in the internet , such as blogging and e-mail, as well as
computer software, such as Microsoft PowerPoint and Word

What is ICT?
Status of ICT here in the Philippines

• Philippines as the “ICT Hub of Asia”.

• Huge growth of ICT related jobs around the country, one of which is call
center or BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) centers.
• According to 2013 edition of Measuring the Information Society by the
International Telecommunication Union, there are 106.8 cellphones per
100 Filipinos in the year 2012.
• In a data gathered by the Annual Survey of Philippines Business and
Industries in 2010, the ICT industry shares 19.3% of the total
employment population.
• Time magazines declared Makati City, Philippines-Rank 1 as the “Selfiest
Cities around the world and Rank 9 is Cebu City.
Enrich your Knowledge

• WWW – World Wide Web, Composed of many web pages that are
accessible anytime.
• Website - a collection of publicly accessible, interlinked Web pages that
share a single domain name.
• Web Browser - or simply "browser," is an application used to access and
view websites.
• Internet – “inter-networking” a global computer network providing a
variety of information and communication facilities, consisting of
interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols.
•Static (also known as flat page or
stationary page) in the same that the
page “as is” and cannot be
manipulated by the user. This
referred to as Web 1.0.

Web 1.0 or Static Webpage

•Web 2.0 allows the user to interact with the
page known as DYNAMIC PAGE; instead of just
reading a page, the user may be able to
comment or create a user account. Dynamic
page refers to the web pages that are affected
by user input or preference.

Web 2.0 or Dynamic Webpage

KEY FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
 Folksonomy
• allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information
using freely chosen keywords (e.g. tagging). Popular social
networking sites such as Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, etc.
use tags that start with a pound sign (#) or hashtag.
• It is also known as social tagging, collaborative tagging,
social classification and social bookmarking.
 Rich User Interface

•content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s

input. An example would be a website that
shows local content. In the case of social
networking sites, when logged on, your account
is used to modify what you see in their website.
 User Participation

•the owner of website is not the only one

who is able to put content. Others are able
to place content on their own by means of
comments, reviews, and evaluation
 Long Tail

•services are offered on demand rather than on

a one-time purchase. This is synonymous to
subscribing to a data plan that charges you for
the amount of time you spent on Internet or a
data plan that charges you for the amount of
bandwidth you used.
 Software as a Service

•User will subscribe to a software only

when needed rather than purchasing
them. This is cheaper option if you do
not always need to use a software.
 Mass Participation

•Diverse information sharing through

universal web access. Web 2.0’s content
is based on people from various
cultures.
• It is a movement led by the World Wide Web Consortium
(W3C). The semantic web provides a framework that allows
data to be shared and reuse to deliver web content specifically
targeting the user.
• People call it “The internet of things” and “smart home
appliances connected to a wireless network.”
• Acts as a personal assistance, as you search the web, the
browser learns you are interested in.

Web 3.0 or Semantic Webpage

 Factors for not fully recognizing semantic as
Web 3.0:
• Compatibility-HTML files and current web browsers could not support Web
3.0.
• Security – The user’s security is also question since the machine is saving his
or her preferences.
• Vastness-The World Wide Web already contains billions of web pages.
• Vagueness – Certain words are imprecise. The words “old” and “small” would
depend to the user.
• Logic- since machines use logic, there are certain limitations for a computer to
be able to predict what the user is referring to at a given time.
Trends in ICT
• The synergy of technological advancements to work
on a similar goal or task. For example, besides using
your personal computer to create word documents,
you can now use your smart phone. It is a platform
that can create multiple tasks. Convergence is using
several technologies to accomplish a task
conveniently.

CONVERGENCE
•It is a website, application, or online
channel that enables web users to create,
co-create, discuss, modify, and exchange
user generated content.

SOCIAL MEDIA
6 Types of Social Media:
 Social Networks

• These are sites that allows you to connect with other

people with the same interests or background. Once
the user creates his/her account, he/she can set up a
profile, add people, share content, etc.
 Bookmarking Sites

• Sites that allow you to store and manage links to

various website and resources. Most of the sites
allow you to create a tag to others.
 Social News

• Sites that allow users to post their own news items

or links to other news sources. The users can also
comment on the post and comments may also be
rank.
 Media Sharing

• Sites that allow you to upload and share media

content like images, music and video.
 Microblogging

• Focus on short updates from the user. Those that

subscribed to the user will be able to receive these
updates.
 Blogs and Forums

• Allow user to post their content. Other users are

able to comment on the said topic.
• The popularity of smartphones and tablets has taken a
major rise over the years. This is largely because of the
devices capability to do the tasks that were originally
found in PCs. Several of these devices are capable of
using a high-speed internet. Today the latest model
devices use 4G Networking (LTE), which is currently the
fastest.

MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES
Mobile OS
 Mobile OS
• iOS– use in apple devices such as iPhone and iPad.
• Android – an open source OS developed by Google. Being open source means
mobile phone companies use this OS for free.
• Blackberry OS– It is use in Blackberry devices.
• Windows Phone OS – a closed source and proprietary operating system
developed by Microsoft.
• Symbian– the original smart phone OS; used by Nokia devices.
• Web OS– originally used in smart phones; now used in smart TVs.
• Windows Mobile – developed by Microsoft for smart phones and pocket PCs.
•A non- profit service designed to help
people who have visual and
reading impairments. A database of audio
recordings is used to read to the user.

ASSISTIVE MEDIA
• Distributed computing on internet or delivery of computing service over
the internet.

• e.g. Yahoo!, Gmail, Hotmail

•
• Instead of running an e-mail program on your computer, you log in to a
Web e-mail account remotely. The software and storage for your account
doesn’t exist on your computer – it’s on the service’s computer cloud.

CLOUD COMPUTING
 3 Components of Cloud Computing
1. Client computers – clients are the device that the end
user interact with cloud.
2. Distributed Servers – Often servers are in geographically
different places, but server acts as if they are working next
to each other.
3. Datacenters – It is collection of servers where application
is placed and is accessed via Internet.
 TYPES OF CLOUD COMPUTING
PUBLIC CLOUD allows systems and services to be easily accessible to the
general public. Public cloud may be less secured because of its openness, e.g.
e-mail
PRIVATE CLOUD allows systems and services to be accessible within an
organization. It offers increased security because of its private nature.
COMMUNITY CLOUD allows systems and services to be accessible by group
of organizations.
HYBRID CLOUD is a mixture of public and private cloud. However, the critical
activities are performed using private cloud while the non-critical activities
are performed using public cloud.
Identify the Correct Web Platform for Social
Change
1. Identify a problem in your community ( e.g., littering,
garbage disposal,blocked drainage, etc.).
2. Imagine that you are going to create a website or a
campaign to persuade both community leaders and
members to solve this problem.
Community Problem:________________________________
Vicinity: __________________________________________
Campaign Name: ____________________________________
Type of Social Media Used: _____________________________
Website Used: ______________________________________

What will be the content of your social media site?

Why did you choose that type of social media?

Why did you choose that website?