2018 Winter Model Answer Paper PDF

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2005 Certified)
Model Answer: Winter-2018
Subject: Strength of Materials Sub. Code: 17304
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Important Instructions to examiners:

1) The answers should be examined by key words and not as word-to-word as given in the model answer
scheme.
2) The model answer and the answer written by candidate may vary but the examiner may try to assess the
understanding level of the candidate.
3) The language errors such as grammatical, spelling errors should not be given more importance. (Not
applicable for subject English and Communication Skills.)
4) While assessing figures, examiner may give credit for principal components indicated in the figure. The
figures drawn by the candidate and those in the model answer may vary. The examiner may give credit
for any equivalent figure drawn.
5) Credits may be given step wise for numerical problems. In some cases, the assumed constant values may
vary and there may be some difference in the candidate‟s answers and the model answer.
6) In case of some questions credit may be given by judgment on part of examiner of relevant answer based
on candidate‟s understanding.
7) For programming language papers, credit may be given to any other program based on
equivalent concept.
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Model Answers Marks
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Q. 1 a) Attempt any SIX of the following: 12
i) Define following properties of material.
(1) Elasticity
(2) Malleability
Ans. 1. Elasticity: Elasticity is the property of material by virtue of it can 1
regain its original shape and size after removal of deforming force. 2
2. Malleability: Malleability is the property of material by virtue of
which it can deformed in the form of thin sheets under the action of 1
load.
ii) State „Hooke‟s Law‟. Define limit of proportionality.

Ans. Hooke‟s Law: It states that, when material is loaded within elastic 1
limit, stress produced is directly proportional to the strain induced.
Limit of proportionality: It is the point in stress strain curve up to 2
which stress produced is directly proportional to strain induced 1
obeying Hooke‟s law.
iii) State the relation between principal planes and the planes of
maximum shear stress.
Ans. Planes of maximum shear stress are inclined at 450 to the principal 2 2
planes.
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Q. 1 iv) Find the radius of gyration of a circle of diameter„d‟.
 
Ans. I d4 and A= d2 1
64 4
2
I
K
A

d 1
d2 d
64
K  
 2 16 4
d
4
v) Define:
(i) Point of Contra-flexure and
(ii) O.C. Neutral Axis
Ans. i. Point of Contra-flexure: It is the point in bending moment diagram
where bending moment changes its sign from positive to negative and
vice versa. At that point bending moment is equal to zero. This point 1
is called as point of contra-flexure.
2
ii. O.C. Neutral Axis: It is the axis shown in cross-section where
bending stress is zero called as neutral axis.
OR 1
The intersection of the neutral layer with any normal cross section of a
beam is called as neutral axis.
vi) State middle third rule with neat sketch.

Ans. According to middle third rule, in rectangular section, for no tension
condition, the load must lie within the middle third shaded area of size 1
b d
and .
3 3
2
vii) What is the “No tension condition”? State.

Ans. The load acting in the middle third area or core of the section, then the
material experiences only compressive stress without producing 2 2
tensile stress. i.e. Direct stress is equal to bending stress. Minimum
stress is zero, such condition is said to be “No tension condition”.
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Q.1 viii) State the assumptions in the theory of pure torsion of circular
shaft.
Ans. Assumptions in the theory of pure torsion of circular shaft.
½
1. The material of the shaft is homogenous and isotropic and
each
obeys Hook‟s law. (any 2
2. The twist along the shaft is uniform. four)
3. The shaft is straight and having uniform circular cross section
throughout.
4. Cross sections of the shaft which are plane before twist remain
plane after twist.
5. Stresses do not exceed the proportional limit.
b) Attempt any TWO of the following: 8

i) A copper wire of length 500 mm is subjected to an axial pull of 5
kN. Find the minimum diameter if the stress is not to exceed 70
N/mm2. Also calculate the elongation if E = 100 kN/ mm2.
Ans. Data:
L = 500 mm
P = 5 x 103 N
σmax = 70 N/mm2
E = 100 x 103 N/ mm2
Pmax
 max 
Amin
Pmax 5 x 103 1
Amin    71.428mm 2
 max 70

d 2  71.428
4 1
d min  9.536mm 4
PL 1
L 
AE
5 x 103  500
L   0.35mm 1
71.428 100 x 103
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Q.1 b) A square bar 20mm size is subjected to an axial load. Find out
ii) maximum axial load the bar can carry if maximum principal
stress is not to exceed 30 N/mm2 tensile and maximum shear stress
is not to exceed 12 N/mm2.
Ans.
Data:
b = 20 mm
d = 20 mm
σn= 30 N/ mm2
qmax= 12 N/ mm2
x  
2
n    n   q2
2  2  1
1
x 
2
30    x   122
2  2 
x  
2
30    x   144
2  2  4
Squaring on both sides.
x  x 
2 2

 30       144
 2   2  1
x
   
2 2
302  2  30    x    x   144
2  2   2 
900  30   x  144
900  144  30   x
 x  25.2 N/mm2 1
Pmax   x  A
Pmax  25.2  20  20
Pmax  10080 N
Pmax  10.08 kN 1
A simply supported beam of span 6 m carries two point loads of

iii)
8kN and 10kN at 2 m and 4 m from the left hand support
respectively. Draw SFD and BMD showing all important values.
Ans. 1. Calculation of support reactions
M A 0
8  2+10  4=6RB
RB  9.33kN
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Q.1 b)
iii) F y 0
RA  RB  8  10  18kN
RA  9.33  18
RA  8.67kN
2. SF calculations
SF at A = +8.67kN
CL = +8.67kN 1
CR = +8.67-8= 0.67kN
D L = +0.67kN
D R = +0.67-10 = -9.33kN
BL = -9.33kN
B = -9.33+9.33 = 0 kN (  ok)
4
3. Bending moment calculations.
BM at A and B = 0( Supports are simple) 1
BM at C = 8.67  2=17.34 kN-m
D = 9.33  2=18.68 kN-m
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Q.2 Attempt any FOUR of the following: 16
a) Determine the force and elongation of the compound bar shown in
Figure No. 1 if the maximum stress induced in it is 100 N/mm2.
Both sections are circular. Take E = 200 kN/mm2.
Ans. Data:
 max  100 N/mm 2
E  200 kN/mm 2
 
Amin  d2   102  78.54mm 2
4 4
P
 max 
Amin
P   max  Amin
P  100  78.54  7854N 1
To find total elongation
 L   L  AB   L  AB
 L  AB  
PL  1

 AE  AB 4
 
 7854  80 
 L  AB 
 
  202  200 103 
4 
 L  AB  0.01mm
1
 PL 
 L BC  
 AE  BC
 
 7854 100 
 L BC 
 
 102  200 103 
4 
 L BC  0.05mm
 L  0.01  0.05  0.06mm 1
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Q.2 b) A copper tube having 20 mm inside diameter and 4 mm thickness
of metal is pressed fit on a steel rod 20 mm diameter. Determine
the stress induced in each metal due to temperature rise 60 0C
.Take αc= 16 x 10-6 /0C, αs= 11 x 10-6 /0C. Es = 200 kN/mm2 Ec = 160
kN/mm2.
Ans. 
Ac  (D2  d 2 )
4

Ac  (282  202 )
4
Ac  301.59mm 2
  1
As  d2   202  314.15mm 2
4 4
Under equilibrium condition
Pc  Ps
 c  Ac   s  As
 c  301.59   s  314.15
 c  1.0416 s ................................... (i)
s c
   c   s  t
Es Ec 1
s 1.0416 s
  16 106  11106   60
200 10 160 10
3 3
 1 1.0416 
s   3 
 3 104 4
 200 10 160 10 
3
 s 1.1506 105  3 104 1
3 104
s  5
 26.063 N/mm 2 (T )
1.1506 10
From equation (i)
1
 c  1.0416  26.063  27.148 N/mm 2 (C )
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Q.2 c) A metal bar of 30 mm x 30 mm in section is subjected to an axial
compressive load of 500kN. A contraction of 200 mm gauge length
is found to be 0.6 mm and the increase in thickness is 0.04 mm.
Find the value of Poisson‟s ration and the three elastic constants.
Ans. Data:
b  30 t = 30
L  200mm
P  500 KN  500 103 N
 L  0.6mm
 t  0.04mm
PL
L 
AE
P L
E
b  t  L
500 103  200
E
30  30  0.6 1
E  185185.185  1.85 105 N / mm 2
 t 
Lateral strain eL  t 
  
Linear strain e L 
 
 L 
 0.04  1
 

30 
 0.44
 0.6  4
 
 200 
E  2G (1   )
185185.185  2G (1  0.44) 1
G  0.643 10 N/mm
5 2
E  3K (1  2  )
185185.185  3K (1  2  0.44)
1
K  5.144 105 N/mm 2
d) State effective length of columns for different end conditions with

neat sketches.
Ans. Effective Length of column for different end conditions:
a. When both ends of column are hinged. Le = L
2
b. When one end of column is fixed and other is free. Le = 2L
c. When both ends of column are fixed. Le = L/2
d. When one end of column is hinged and other is fixed. Le = L/√2
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Q.2 d)
2 4
Fig. Effective Length of Columns
The principal stresses at point in the section of the member are

e)
100 N/mm2 and 50 N/mm2 both tensile. Find the normal and
tangential stresses across a plane passing through that point
inclined at 600 to the plane having 100 N/mm2 stress.
Data :
Ans.
 x  100 N / mm2
 y  50 N / mm2
  600
    1
 n  x y  x y cos 2
2 2
100  50 100  50
n   cos  2  600 
2 2
 n  75  25cos 1200 
 n  75  12.50 1
 n  62.50 N / mm2
  1
 t  x y sin 2
2 4
100  50
t  sin  2  600 
2
 t  25sin 1200 
 t  21.65 N / mm2 1
(Note: If problem solved by Mohr’s Circle method, should be

considered.)
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Q.2 f) At a point in the web of the girder, bending stress σb and the shear
stress is  . The principal stresses at a point are 80MPa tensile and
20MPa compressive. Evaluate the values of σb and  . Determine
the direction of principal planes.
Ans.
 x  b  y = 0 q = 
 n  80 N / mm 2 (T )
1
 n  20 N / mm 2 (C )
2
Major principal stress

x  
2
n    x   q2
2  2 
1
b  
2
80    b    2 ...................................(i)
2  2 
Minor principal stress
x  
2
n    x   q2
2  2 
2
b  
2
20    b    2 ...................................(ii)
2  2  1
Adding equation (i) and (ii)
b b
80 - 20 = 
2 2
60   b
Bending Stress σ b =60N/mm 2 (T) 1
Substituting the Value of σ b in equation (i)
2
60  60 
80      2
2  2 
80  30  900   2
(80  30) 2  900   2
2500  900   2
 2  1600   40 N / mm 2 4
Shear stress ( ) =40 N / mm 2 1
Direcion of principal planes
2q 2
tan 2  
x b
2  40
tan 2   1.33
60
21  tan 1 (1.33)
53.130
1   26.560...............Position of Ist plane
2
 2  1  900  26.560  900
 2  116.560...............Position of IInd plane 1
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Q. 3 Attempt any FOUR of the following : 16
a) A simply supported beam of span 7m carries a udl of 5 kN over 4
m span from left support and a point load of 10 kN at 2 m from
the right hand support. Draw SFD and BMD.
Ans. 1. Support Reaction Calculations:
Taking moment about A
 MA = 0
[(5x4) x 2] + (10 x 5) – RB x 7 = 0
40 + 50 - 7 RB = 0
RB = 12.857 kN
FY = 0
RA – (5 x 4) – 10 + RB = 0
RA – 20 – 10 + 12.857 = 0
RA = 17.143 kN
2. Shear Force Calculations:

SF at A = 0 kN
AR = + 17.143 kN
CL = + 17.143 – (5 x 4) = - 2.857 kN ½
CR = - 2.857 kN
DL = - 2.857 kN
DR = - 2.857 – 10 = - 12.857 kN
BL = - 12.857 kN
B = - 12.857 + 12.857 = 0 kN ( ok)
3. Bending Moment Calculations:

At simply supported ends, MA = MB = 0 kN-m
MC = +(17.143 x 4) – [(5 x 4) x 2] = + 28.571 kN-m ½ 4
MD = +(12.857 x 2) = + 25.714 kN-m
4. Maximum Bending Moment Calculations:

Maximum Bending Moment will occur at point „E‟
Let „x‟ be the distance of point „E‟ from point „A‟
From the similar triangles in SFD –
x 4 x

17.143 2.857
x  3.4286m ½
OR
SF at E = 0
17.143 = 5 x
x  3.4286m
3.4286
Mmax = ME = +(17.143 x 3.4286) – [(5 x 3.4286) x ] ½
2
= + 29.388 kN-m
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Q. 3 a) Diagram:
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Q. 3 b) A cantilever beam of span 2 m carries udl of 400 N/m over the
entire span. It has also an upward reaction of 200 N at its free end.
Find SFD and BMD. Also locate point of zero shear.
Ans.
1. Support Reaction Calculations:
FY = 0
RA – (400 x 2) + 200 = 0
RA = 600 N

SF at A = 0 N
AR = + 600 N
BL = + 600 – (400 x 2) = - 200 N
B = - 200 + 200 = 0 N ( ok)

At Free end, MB = 0 N-m
MA = +(200 x 2) – [(400 x 2) x 1] = - 400 N-m 1
4. Calculation of Point of Zero Shear Force

i.e. Maximum Bending Moment
Point of Zero Shear Force i.e. Maximum Bending Moment will occur
at point „C‟
Let „x‟ be the distance of point „C‟ from point „A‟ 4
x 2x

600 200
x  1.5m
Zero Shear Force point lies at 1.5 m from point „A‟ and 0.5 m from
point „B‟.
0.5
Mmax = MC = +(200 x 0.5) – [(400 x 0.5) x ]
2
= + 50 N-m 1
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Q.3 b) Diagram:
c) A simply supported beam 5 m long carries a point load of 10 kN

and anticlockwise moment of 5 kN-m at a distance of 2 m from
left hand support. Draw SFD and BMD.
1. Support Reaction Calculations:
Ans. Taking moment about A
MA = 0
(10 x 2) - 5 – RB x 5 = 0
20 - 5 - 5RB = 0
RB = 3 kN
FY = 0
RA – 10 + RB = 0
RA – 10 + 3 = 0
RA = 7 kN

SF at A = 0 N
AR = + 7 kN
CL = + 7 kN
CR = + 7 – 10 = - 3 kN 1
BL = - 3 kN
B = - 3 + 3 = 0 kN ( ok)
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Q.3 c)
At simply supported ends, MA = MB = 0 kN-m 1
BM at CL = +(7 x 2) = + 14 kN-m
CR = +(7 x 2) – 5 = + 9 kN-m
4. Diagram
1 4
d) A beam of span 7 m is simply supported at A and B. AB = 6 m, BC

= 1 m, BC is overhang portion. Portion AB carries udl of 20 kN/m
and a point load of 50 kN at C. Draw SFD and BMD.
Ans. 1. Support Reaction Calculations:

Taking moment about A
MA = 0
[(20x6)x3] + (50x7) – RB x 6 = 0
360 + 350 - 6 RB = 0
RB = 118.33 kN
FY = 0
RA – (20 x 6) – 50 + RB = 0
RA – 120 – 50 + 118.33 = 0
RA = 51.67 kN
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Q.3
d) 2. Shear Force Calculations:
SF at A = 0 kN
AR =+ 51.67 kN
BL = + 51.67 – (20 x 6) = - 68.33 kN
BR = - 68.33 + 118.33 = + 50 kN ½
CL = + 50 kN
CR = + 50 – 50 = 0 kN ( ok)

At Support „A‟ and at Free end „C‟, MA = MC = 0 kN-m
MB = - (50 x 1) = - 50 kN-m
½
4. Maximum Bending Moment Calculations:
Maximum Bending Moment will occur at point „D‟
Let „x‟ be the distance of point „D‟ from point „A‟
x 6x

51.67 68.33
x  2.58m
OR
SF @ D = 0 ½
51.667 – 20 x = 0
x  2.58m
2.58
Mmax = MD = +(51.67 x 2.58) – [(20 x 2.58) x ]
2
½ 4
= + 66.74 kN-m
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Q.3 d) Diagram
Find the polar moment of inertia of a hollow circular section

e)
having external diameter 100 mm and thickness 10 mm. Also find
the radius of gyration.
Ans. Data: D = 100mm, t = 10mm Find: IP ? and K=?
d = D – 2t = 100 – 2x10 = 80mm

1. Polar Moment of Inertia of hollow circular section:
IP = Ixx + Iyy

Ixx = Iyy =
64
D 4
d4 

=
64
100 4
 80 4  1
6 4
Ixx = Iyy = 2.898119 x 10 mm
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Q.3 e) IP = Ixx + Iyy
= 2.898 x 106 + 2.898 x 106
= 5.796238 x 106 mm4
1
2. Radius of Gyration:
I
K=
A
I = 2.898 x 106 mm4

A=
4
D 2
d2  1 4

=
4
100 2
 80 2 
= 2827.433 mm2
2.898  10 6
K=
2826
1
K = 32.015 mm
OR OR
D2  d 2 1
K
16
1002  802
K
16
1
K  1025  32.015mm
f) Find moment of inertia of a „Tee‟ section 200mm x 200 mm x 20

mm about the centroidal horizontal axis.
Ans.
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Q. 3 f) a1  200  20  4000mm 2
20
y1  200   190mm
2 ½
a2  180  20  3600mm 2
180
y1   90mm
2
a y a y
y 1 1 2 2
a1  a2
4000  190  3600  190
y
7600
½
y  142.63mm from the base
I xx  I xx 1  I xx 2
I xx  ( IG1  a1h1 )  ( IG2  a2 h2 )
2 2
h1  y1  y  190  142.63  47.37mm

h2  y  y2  142.63  90  52.63mm ½
200  203
IG1   133333.33mm 4
12 ½
20  1803 4
IG2   9720000mm 4
12 ½
I xx 1  (133333.33  4000  47.37 2 )  9109000.93mm 4
½
I xx 2  (9720000  3600  52.632 )  19691700.84mm 4 ½
I xx  9109000.93  19691700.84  28.8  106 mm 4 ½
Page No. 19 / 34
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Que. Sub. Total
Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q.4. Attempt any FOUR of the following:
16
a) Find the M.I. of a triangular section having base 80mm and height
200mm about the horizontal axis parallel to the base. Also
calculate the M.I. about the base and about an axis passing
through its vertex and parallel to the base.
Ans. Data: b = 80mm, h = 200mm

Find: Ixx , Ibase and Iapex
(1) Moment of Inertia of triangular section about the horizontal axis

parallel to the base i.e. about X-X axis
4
1
bh 3
80  200 3
Ixx =   17.78  10 6 mm 4
36 36
(2) Moment of Inertia of triangular section about the base

bh 3 80  200 3
Ibase =   53.33  10 6 mm 4 1
12 12
(3) Moment of Inertia of triangular section about the vertex i.e. apex
bh 3 80  200 3 1
Iapex =   160  10 6 mm 4
4 4
Page No. 20 / 34
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Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q. 4 Find Ixx for an unequal angle section of size 120mm x 80mm x
b)
10mm thick.
Ans.
(1) Location of CG:

a1 = 10 x 110 = 1100 mm2
10
x1 =  5mm
2
110
y1 =  10  65mm
2
a2 = 80 x 10 = 800 mm2
80
x2 =  40mm
2
10
y2 =  5mm
2 ½
a x  a 2 x 2 1100  5  800  40
X 1 1   19.736mm
a1  a 2 1100  800
½
a1 y1  a 2 y 2 1100  65  800  5
Y   39.736mm
a1  a 2 1100  800
(2) Moment of inertia of the given section about X-X is given by –
Ixx = Ixx1 + Ixx2
Ixx = (IG1 + a1h12) + (IG2 + a2h22)
bd 3 10  110 3
IG1 =   1.109  10 6 mm 4 ½
12 12
Page No. 21 / 34
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Que. Sub. Total
Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q. 4 b) bd 3 80  10 3
IG2 =   6.67  10 3 mm 4 ½ 4
12 12
h1 = Y  y1  39.736  65   25.26  25.26mm
½
h2 = Y  y 2  39.736  5  34.74  34.74mm
Ixx1 = (1.109 x 106 + 1100 x 25.262) = 1.81 x 106 mm4 ½

3 2 6 4
Ixx2 = (6.67 x 10 + 800 x 34.74 ) = 0.97 x 10 mm
½
Ixx = 1.81 x 106 + 0.97 x 106
Ixx = 2.78 x 106 mm4 ½
c) Find moment of inertia about X-X axis for the section shown in
Figure No. 2.
Ans.
Figure No. 2.
(1) Location of CG point:
As the given section is symmetric about Y-Y axis
150
 X  x1  x 2   75mm
2
a1 = 150 x 300 = 45000 mm2
300
y1 =  150mm
2
½
a2 = 50 x 50 = 2500 mm2
Page No. 22 / 34
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Que. Sub. Total

Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q. 4 c)
50
y2 =  50  75mm
2
a y  a 2 y 2 45000  150  2500  75
Y 1 1   154.41mm
a1  a 2 45000  2500 ½
(2) Moment of inertia of the given section about X-X :

Ixx = Ixx1 - Ixx2
Ixx = (IG1 + a1h12) - (IG2 + a2h22)
bd 3 150  300 3
IG1 =   337.5  10 6 mm 4 ½ 4
12 12
bd 3 50  50 3
IG2 =   520.83  10 3 mm 4
12 12 ½
h1 = Y  y1  154.41  150  4.41  4.41mm
½
h2 = Y  y 2  154.41  75  79.41  79.41mm
Ixx1 = (IG1 + a1h12) (337.5 x 106 + 45000 x 4.412) = 338.38 x 106 mm4 ½
Ixx2= (IG2 + a2h22) = (520.83 x 103 + 2500 x 79.412) =16.29 x 106 mm4 ½
Ixx = 338.38 x 106 – 16.29 x 106 mm4
½
Ixx = 322.06 x 106 mm4
d) A built up column section is made of an I-section 150 x 80 x 10

mm with one flange plate 80mm x 10mm riveted to each of the
flanges. Find the minimum radius of gyration of the section.
Page No. 23 / 34
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Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q. 4 d) (1) Minimum Radius of Gyration:
Ans.
I min
Kmin =
A
Given section is symmetric about both the cetroidal axes.
Moment of inertia of the given section about the horizontal centroidal
axis:
BD 3 bd 3
Ixx = 
12 12
80  170 3 70  130 3
= 
12 12
= 32.75 x 106 – 12.82 x 106 1
6 4
= 19.93 x 10 mm
Iyy = 2(Combined MI of one plate and flange) + (MI of web)
 20  80 3   130  10 3 
= 2    
 12   12 
= 1.71 x 106 + 10.83 x 103
= 1.72 x 106 mm4
1 4
Imin = Iyy = 1.72 x 106 mm4
Area of the section
A = 2(80 x 20) + (10 x 130)
= 4500 mm2
I yy 1
Kmin =
A
1.72  10 6
=
4500
1
= 19.55 mm
e) A timber beam having rectangular section 80mm x 240mm. This

beam is cantilever of length 2 m and subjected to udl. of 5 kN/m
over entire length. Find extreme fiber stress at the section where
bending moment is maximum.
Page No. 24 / 34
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Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q. 4 e) WL2 5  2 2
Mmax = =  10 KNm = 10 x 106 N-mm 1
2 2
bd 3 80  240 3
INA = Ixx =   92.16  10 6 mm 4 1
12 12
M 1 4
b   ymax
I NA
10 106
b  120  13.021N / mm 2 1
92.16 10 6
f) A circular section 20 cm diameter is subjected to a shear force of 5

kN when used as beam. Determine the maximum shear stress
induced and draw the shear distribution diagram.
Ans. Data: d = 20cm = 200 mm, F= 5kN = 5 x 103 N Find: max
F 5  10 3
 avg    0.159 N / mm 2 1
A 
 200 2
4
4 1
max =  avg
3 1
4
max =  0.159 = 0.212 N/mm2
3 OR 4
OR
b = d = 200 mm
  ½
A= d2   200 2  15707.96mm 2
8 8
4 R 4  100 ½
Y   42.44mm
3 3 1
 
I d 
4
 200  78.54  10 mm
4 6 4
64 64
FAY 5  10 3  15707.96  42.44 1

max =   0.212 N / mm 2
Ib 78.54  10  200
6
Page No. 25 / 34
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Que. Sub. Total
Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q.5 Attempt any FOUR of the following: 16
a) Find diameter of circular section of a beam of 6 m span to carry

load of 80 kN at the centre of span. If permissible bending stress is
limited to 8.4 N/mm2.
Data: L = 6m W = 80kN σb = 8.4 N/mm2 Find: d = ?
Ans.
WL 80 10  6 10
3 3
M=   120 106 N-mm 1
4 4

I= d4
64
d 1
y
2
M b

I y
120 106 8.4
 1 4
 4 d
d
64 2
120 106
 8.4

d3
32
120 106  32
d 
3
8.4   1
d  525.977mm
(Note: Type of beam is not mentioned in question, if the question is solved
by considering cantilever beam. It should be considered.)
A simply supported beam of span 2 m and cross section of 100

b) mm x 200 mm carries a u.d.l of 5 kN/m over the entire span. Find
the maximum intensity of shear stress in the beam at a section 0.5
m to the right of the left hand support.
wL 5  2
RA    5 KN
Ans. 2 2
SF at 0.5 m from left support = RA- (0.5w) =5- (0.5×5) =2.5kN
= 2.5 x 103N 1
S 2.5 103
qava.    0.125N/mm2
A 100  200 1
qmax.  1.5qava.
1
qmax.  1.5  0.125  0.1875N/mm 2 1 4
OR
Page No. 26 / 34
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Que. Sub. Total

Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q.5 b)
SAY 1
qmax. 
bI
1
2.5 103  (100 100)  50
qmax. 
1
100  100  2003
12 1
qmax.  0.1875N/mm 2
A short column of external diameter 200 mm and internal

c) diameter 150 mm carries an eccentric load. Find the eccentricity
which the load can have without producing tension in the section
of column.
Data: D=200mm, d=150mm Find: e=?
Ans. 
A (D2  d 2 )
4

A (2002  1502 )
4
A  13744.467 mm4 1
D 200
y   100 mm
2 2

I  (D4  d 4 )
64

I  (2004  1504 )
64
1
I  53689327.58 mm4
4
I 53689327.58
Z   536893.27mm3 1
Y 100
For no tension condition σ0 = σb

Z
e 
A
536893.27
e  39.0625 mm 1
13744.467
Page No. 27 / 34
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Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q.5 d) A hollow circular steel column having external diameter 300 mm
and internal diameter 250 mm carries an eccentric load of 100kN
acting at an eccentricity of 100 mm. Calculate minimum and
maximum stresses.
Data: P=100kN, D=300mm, d=250mm, e=100mm. Find: σmax, σmin
Ans.

A
4
D 2
d2

A
4
 3002  2502 
A  21598.45mm 2
½

I (D  d )
4 4
64

I (3004  2504 )
64
I  205860221.7 mm 4 ½
D 300
y   150 mm
2 2
I 205860221.7
Z   1372401.478mm3 ½
Y 150
M  P  e  100 103 100  1107 N-mm ½ 4
P 100 103
0    4.63 N/mm 2 ½
A 21598.45
½
M 1107
b      7.2865N/mm2
Z 1372401.478
 max   0   b  4.63 +7.2865  11.916N/mm 2 (C ) ½
 min   0   b  4.63 -7.2865  2.6565N/mm 2 (T ) ½
Page No. 28 / 34
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Que. Sub. Total
Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q.5 e) A C-clamp as shown in figure No. 3 carries a load of 30 kN. The
cross section of the clamp at X-X is rectangular, having width
equal to twice the thickness. Assuming that the C- clamp is made
of steel causing with allowable stress of 120 N/mm2. Find its
dimensions.
(Note: In above figure eccentricity is not shown clearly).

Take eccentricity (e) = 150 mm.
Data: D = 2t , σ = 120 N/mm2, e = 150 mm, P = 30 kN= 30 x 103 N
Ans. Find: D and t
A  D  t  (2t )  t  2t 2mm2
D3  t (2t )3  t
I yy    0.67t 4 mm 4 ½
12 12
D 2t
Y    t mm
2 2
I 0.67t 4
Z yy  yy   0.67t 3mm3 ½
Y t
½
M  P  e  30 x 103 150  45 x 105 N  mm
P 30 x 103 15000 ½ 4
0   2
 2 N / mm 2
A 2t t
M 45 x 105 67.5 x 105 ½

b    3
  3
N / mm2
Z 0.67t t
 max  0 b
15000 67.5 x 105 ½
120  
t2 t3
120t 3  15000t  67.5 x 105
t 3 -125t - 56250 = 0
By trial and error method
t = 83.05mm ½
D = 2t =2 x 83.05mm =166.10 mm ½
Page No. 29 / 34
(Autonomous)
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Que. Sub. Total
Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q.5 f) A M.S. link as shown in figure No. 4 by full lines, transmits a pull
of 80 kN. Find dimensions b and t if b = 3t. Assume the
permissible tensile stress as 75 MPa.
Ans. Data:
P = 80 kN, b = 3t, σt = 75 MPa.

A  b  t  (3t )  t  3t 2
b3  t (3t )3  t ½
I xx    2.25t 4 mm 4
12 12
b 3t
Y    1.5t mm ½
2 2
I 2.25t 4 ½
Z xx  xx   1.5t 3mm3
Y 1.5t
b 3t
e    1.5t mm
2 2
½ 4
M  P  e  80 x 103 1.5t  (12 x 104 )t N  mm
P 80 x 103 80 x 103 26666.67 ½
0     N / mm2
A bt 3t 2
t 2
M (12 x 104 )t 8 x 104

b     N / mm2 ½
Z 1.5t 3 t2
 max   0   b
26666.67 8 x 10 4 ½
75  
t2 t2
75t 2  26666.67+8 x 10 4
t 2  1422.22
t  37.71 mm
b  3t  3  37.71  113.137 mm ½
Page No. 30 / 34
(Autonomous)
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Que. Sub. Total
Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q. 6 Attempt any FOUR of the following: 16
a) Calculate limit of eccentricity of a rectangular cross section of size
1200 mm x 2400 mm and sketch it.
Ans. Data: b =1200 mm d =2400 mm Find: e x and ey
i. Eccentricity about X- axis
Z XX ½
ex 
A
 bd 2 
 
ex   6 
bd
d
ex 
6
1
2400
ex   400 mm
6
ii. Eccentricity about Y- axis
Z yy
ey  ½ 4
A
 db 2 
 
ey   6 
bd
b
ey 
6
1200 1
ey   200 mm
6
Page No. 31 / 34
(Autonomous)
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Que. Sub. Total
Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q.6 b) Differentiate between the polar modulus and section modulus.
Also define torsional rigidity.
Ans. Torsional rigidity: It is defined as the torque required to produce a
twist of one radian per unit length of shaft. 1
OR
It is defined as the product of modulus of rigidity and polar moment
of inertia of shaft.
Sr. No. Polar modulus Section modulus

The ratio of MI about N.A. to
The ratio of polar MI the distance „y‟ from N.A. to
1 to the radius of shaft is the extreme layer of the
called Polar modulus. section is called Section 1
modulus. each
(any 4
2 Twisting moment is Bending moment is three)
considered. considered.
3 It is a measure of It is a measure of strength of

strength of shaft. section.
IP I
4 ZP  Z
R ymax
c) Find the power transmitted by a shaft 40 mm diameter rotating at

250 rpm if the maximum permissible shear stress is 80 N/mm2.
Ans. Data: D =40 mm N = 250 rpm q max = 80 N/mm2 Find: P =?

Tmax  D 3  qmax 1
16

Tmax   403  80
16
Tmax  1005309.649 N-mm
Tmax  1005.309 N-m 1
Relation between Tmax and Tmean not given (⸫Assuming Tmax=Tmean )
4
2 NTmean
P= 1
60
2  250 1005.309
P=
60
P = 26318.945 Watt 1
P = 26.32 KW
Page No. 32 / 34
(Autonomous)
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Que. Sub. Total
Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
Q.6 d) A solid shaft transmits 1000kWt 120 rpm. If the shear stress of the
material is not to exceed 80N/mm2 and maximum torque is likely
to exceed 25% over its mean value, find the diameter of the shaft.
Data: P=1000kW N=120rpm qmax=80N/mm2 Tmax = 1.25 Tmean
Find: D=?
Ans. 2 NTmean
P= 1
60
P  60
Tmean 
2 N
1000 103  60
Tmean 
2 120
Tmean  79577.47155 N-m
Tmean  79577471.55 N-mm
Tmax  1.25Tmean
Tmax  1.25  79577471.55
1
Tmax  99471839.43N-mm
 1 4
Tmax  D3qmax
16
16Tmax
D3 
 qmax
16  99471839.43
D3 
  80
1
D  185.009 mm
A Solid circular shaft of 40 mm diameter is subjected to torque of

e) 0.25 kN-m causing an angle of twist of 40 in 2 m length. Determine
the modulus of rigidity for the material of shaft.
Data: D=40mm, T=0.25 kN-m,  = 4 L=2 m
0
Ans. Find: G = ?
L=2m=2×103mm
T=0.25 kN-m =0.25×106N-mm
 1
 = 4  0.06981317rad
180
 
J= D4  (40) 4  251327.4123 mm 4
32 32 1
T G
 1 4
J L
0.25  106 G  0.06981317

251327.4123 2 103
G  28496.5829 N/mm 2
G  0.285  105 N/mm 2 1
Page No. 33 / 34
(Autonomous)
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Que. Sub. Total
Model Answers Marks
No. Que. Marks
6 f. Find the maximum stress in propeller shaft 400 mm external
diameter and 200 mm internal diameter when subjected to a
twisting moment of 4.65 x 108 N-mm. If the modulus of rigidity is
0.82 x 105 N/mm2. How much will be the twist in a length of 20
times the external diameter.
Ans. Data: D = 400mm, d = 200 mm, T = 4.65 x 108 N.mm,
G = 0.82 x 105 N/mm2, L = 20D.
Find: qmax and θ=?
L = 20D = 20 x 400 = 8 x 103 mm
  D4  d 4  1
Tmax   qmax  
16  D 
Tmax 16
qmax 
 D4  d 4 
  
 D 
4.65 108 16
qmax 
 4004  2004 
  
 400 
qmax  39.47N/mm 2 1 4
T G
 1
J L
T L

J G
4.65 108  8 103


32
 4004  2004   0.82 105
  0.01925 rad
180
  0.01925 

  1.103 0
1
Page No. 34 / 34

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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Important Instructions to examiners:

Que. Sub. Total

ii) State „Hooke‟s Law‟. Define limit of proportionality.

Que. Sub. Total

vi) State middle third rule with neat sketch.

vii) What is the “No tension condition”? State.

Que. Sub. Total

b) Attempt any TWO of the following: 8

A simply supported beam of span 6 m carries two point loads of

Que. Sub. Total

 s 1.1506 105  3 104 1

d) State effective length of columns for different end conditions with

Que. Sub. Total

Fig. Effective Length of Columns

The principal stresses at point in the section of the member are

(Note: If problem solved by Mohr’s Circle method, should be

Major principal stress

2. Shear Force Calculations:

3. Bending Moment Calculations:

4. Maximum Bending Moment Calculations:

2. Shear Force Calculations:

3. Bending Moment Calculations:

4. Calculation of Point of Zero Shear Force

c) A simply supported beam 5 m long carries a point load of 10 kN

2. Shear Force Calculations:

Que. Sub. Total

d) A beam of span 7 m is simply supported at A and B. AB = 6 m, BC

Ans. 1. Support Reaction Calculations:

Que. Sub. Total

3. Bending Moment Calculations:

Find the polar moment of inertia of a hollow circular section

d = D – 2t = 100 – 2x10 = 80mm

Que. Sub. Total

f) Find moment of inertia of a „Tee‟ section 200mm x 200 mm x 20

Que. Sub. Total

h1  y1  y  190  142.63  47.37mm

Ans. Data: b = 80mm, h = 200mm

(1) Moment of Inertia of triangular section about the horizontal axis

(2) Moment of Inertia of triangular section about the base

Que. Sub. Total

(1) Location of CG:

Ixx1 = (1.109 x 106 + 1100 x 25.262) = 1.81 x 106 mm4 ½

Que. Sub. Total

(2) Moment of inertia of the given section about X-X :

Ixx = 338.38 x 106 – 16.29 x 106 mm4

d) A built up column section is made of an I-section 150 x 80 x 10

e) A timber beam having rectangular section 80mm x 240mm. This

f) A circular section 20 cm diameter is subjected to a shear force of 5

FAY 5  10 3  15707.96  42.44 1

a) Find diameter of circular section of a beam of 6 m span to carry

A simply supported beam of span 2 m and cross section of 100

Que. Sub. Total

A short column of external diameter 200 mm and internal

For no tension condition σ0 = σb

M  P  e  100 103 100  1107 N-mm ½ 4

 max   0   b  4.63 +7.2865  11.916N/mm 2 (C ) ½

 min   0   b  4.63 -7.2865  2.6565N/mm 2 (T ) ½

(Note: In above figure eccentricity is not shown clearly).

M 45 x 105 67.5 x 105 ½

P = 80 kN, b = 3t, σt = 75 MPa.

M (12 x 104 )t 8 x 104

ii. Eccentricity about Y- axis