Lingua Inglesa Nivel Avancado

Rejane Cristina Carvalho Brito
Vanessa Leite Barreto
Língua Inglesa
Nível Avançado
Montes Claros/MG - 2012

© - EDITORA UNIMONTES - 2012
Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros
REITOR Luci Kikuchi Veloso

João dos Reis Canela Maria Cristina Ruas de Abreu Maia
Maria Lêda Clementino Marques
VICE-REITORA Ubiratan da Silva Meireles
Maria Ivete Soares de Almeida
REVISÃO TÉCNICA
DIRETOR DE DOCUMENTAÇÃO E INFORMAÇÕES Admilson Eustáquio Prates
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REVISÃO LINGUÍSTICA Tátylla Ap. Pimenta Faria
Ângela Heloiza Buxton Vinícius Antônio Alencar Batista
Arlete Ribeiro Nepomuceno Wendell Brito Mineiro
Aurinete Barbosa Tiago Zilmar Santos Cardoso
Carla Roselma Athayde Moraes
CATALOGADO PELA DIRETORIA DE DOCUMENTAÇÃO E INFORMAÇÕES (DDI) - UNIMONTES

Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP)
B862l Brito, Rejane Cristina de Carvalho.

Língua inglesa : nível avançado / Rejane Cristina de Carvalho
Brito, Vanessa Leite Barreto. – Montes Claros : Unimontes, 2012.
80 p. : il. color. ; 21 x 30 cm.
Caderno didático do Curso de Licenciatura em Letras/Inglês da

Universidade Aberta do Brasil - UAB/Unimontes.
Inclui bibliografia.
ISBN 978-85-7739-191-2
1. Ensino superior. 2. Língua inglesa – Estudo e ensino. I. Barreto,

Vanessa Leite. II. Universidade Aberta do Brasil - UAB. III. Universi-
dade Estadual de Montes Claros - Unimontes. IV. Título.
CDD 378.007
Este livro ou parte dele não pode ser reproduzido por qualquer meio sem autorização escrita do Editor.
EDITORA UNIMONTES
Campus Universitário Professor Darcy Ribeiro
s/n - Vila Mauricéia - Montes Claros (MG)
Caixa Postal: 126 - CEP: 39.401-089 - Telefone: (38) 3229-8214
www.unimontes.br / editora@unimontes.br
Ministro da Educação Chefe do Departamento de Ciências Biológicas
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Presidente Geral da CAPES Chefe do Departamento de Ciências Sociais

Jorge Almeida Guimarães Maria da Luz Alves Ferreira
Diretor de Educação a Distância da CAPES Chefe do Departamento de Geociências

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Governador do Estado de Minas Gerais Chefe do Departamento de História

Antônio Augusto Junho Anastasia Donizette Lima do Nascimento
Vice-Governador do Estado de Minas Gerais Chefe do Departamento de Comunicação e Letras

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Secretário de Estado de Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior Chefe do Departamento de Educação

Nárcio Rodrigues Andréa Lafetá de Melo Franco
Reitor da Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros - Unimontes Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de Artes Visuais
João dos Reis Canela Maria Elvira Curty Romero Christoff
Vice-Reitora da Unimontes Coordenador do Curso a Distância de Ciências Biológicas

Maria Ivete Soares de Almeida Afrânio Farias de Melo Junior
Pró-Reitora de Ensino Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de Ciências Sociais

Anete Marília Pereira Cláudia Regina Santos de Almeida
Diretor do Centro de Educação a Distância Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de Geografia

Jânio Marques Dias Janete Aparecida Gomes Zuba
Coordenadora da UAB/Unimontes Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de História

Maria Ângela Lopes Dumont Macedo Jonice dos Reis Procópio
Coordenadora Adjunta da UAB/Unimontes Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de Letras/Espanhol

Betânia Maria Araújo Passos Orlanda Miranda Santos
Diretor do Centro de Ciências Humanas - CCH Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de Letras/Inglês

Antônio Wagner Veloso Rocha Hejaine de Oliveira Fonseca
Diretora do Centro de Ciências Biológicas da Saúde - CCBS Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de Letras/Português
Maria das Mercês Borem Correa Machado Ana Cristina Santos Peixoto
Diretor do Centro de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas - CCSA Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de Pedagogia
Paulo Cesar Mendes Barbosa Maria Narduce da Silva
Chefe do Departamento de Artes

Maristela Cardoso Freitas
Autoras
Rejane Cristina Carvalho Brito
Possui graduação em Letras Inglês pela Universidade Estadual de Montes
Claros (2003), especialização em Ensino de Língua Inglesa pela UNIMONTES,
mestrado em Linguística Aplicada pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Estudos Lingüísticos da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (2010) é
doutoranda em Estudos Linguísticos na Universidade Estadual de Campinas.
Atualmente é professora titular da Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros
(UNIMONTES) e professora pesquisadora e conteudista da Universidade
Aberta do Brasil.
Vanessa Leite Barreto

Possui graduação em Letras Português/Inglês pela Universidade Estadual
de Montes Claros/MG (1991) e especialização em Língua Inglesa pela
Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (1998). É mestranda em Letras/
Estudos Literários na Unimontes. Atualmente é professora efetiva da
Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, professora de inglês para níveis
básico, intermediário e avançado e coordenadora e professora de língua
inglesa na Fundação Educacional Montes Claros.
Sumário
Apresentação . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Unit 1
Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Reading comprehension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Introducing grammar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Listening and speaking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Language Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Listening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Referências . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Unit 2
Aging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Reading comprehension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Language Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Reading and Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Language Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Listening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Referências . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Unit 3
People & Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Speaking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Reading and vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Pronunciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Biography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Speaking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Language Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Listening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Referências . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Unit 4
Love is in the air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Reading and speaking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Language Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Listening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Referências . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Resumo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Referências basicas, complementares e suplementares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Atividades de apredizagem – AA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Letras/Inglês - Língua Inglesa Nível Avançado
Apresentação
Bem-vindos à disciplina - Língua Inglesa: nível avançado II. Neste módulo, você dará
continuidade à aprendizagem de língua inglesa, adquirindo novos conhecimentos sobre os
aspectos linguísticos e culturais que envolvem esse idioma.
Este módulo não é menos importante do que os anteriores, pelo contrário, os assuntos
e temas abordados aqui são de extrema utilidade para sua aprendizagem. Você terá a
oportunidade de aprofundar-se mais nos aspectos linguísticos e situações de uso da língua
propostos neste caderno, podendo melhorar sua compreensão da língua inglesa, facilitando,
assim, o seu uso.
Esta disciplina também terá a duração de 90 horas e sua ementa visa a prática da
compreensão oral e escrita em língua inglesa, estudo da gramática e pronúncia em nível
avançado. Os seus objetivos também são bem parecidos com aqueles dos módulos anteriores,
ou seja: proporcionar ao acadêmico o conhecimento de situações de uso do inglês, a
aprendizagem de vocabulário e de novas estruturas linguísticas e, ainda, o desenvolvimento das
habilidades: listening, reading, writing and speaking. Além disso, a preocupação com a reflexão
sobre questões culturais e ideológicas que envolvem o ensino-aprendizagem da língua inglesa
não poderia deixar de fazer parte desses objetivos, assim como também não poderia ficar de
fora a questão da autonomia do aprendiz. Portanto, aproveite mais esta oportunidade para
desenvolver sua autonomia de aprendizagem e, certamente, você colherá muito bons resultados
no estudo do inglês.
Neste módulo, estudaremos quatro Unidades:
Unidade 1 – Advertising
Unidade 2 – Aging
Unidade 3 – People and society
Unidade 4 – Love is in the air
O material que você utilizará é composto por este Caderno Didático e o Caderno de
Respostas. Use-os durante as lições para fazer as atividades propostas.
Adotaremos alguns códigos para organizar as atividades propostas neste Caderno. Assim,
ao invés de repetirmos os tópicos ou sub-tópicos da Unidade, faremos menção a eles através das
siglas a seguir. Então, observe o que elas significam:
• GTI - Get The Idea - são pequenas atividades de compreensão gramatical com a finalidade
de introduzir situações de uso do inglês, tendo como pano de fundo, as estruturas
propostas na Unidade.
• L - Listening - esta palavra em inglês relaciona-se à compreensão oral, portanto, ela sempre
aparecerá quando você tiver atividades acompanhadas por áudio. Ao verificar as respostas
dessas atividades, você já sabe, é só procurar pelo código no Caderno de Respostas.
Há duas novidades neste caderno: Language Points e Building my vocabulary bank.

Em cada unidade haverá um Language Point que é uma oportunidade de usar a língua em um
contexto comum do dia-a-dia. E após alguns textos, haverá um Building my vocabulary bank, que
é um vocabulário composto pelas palavras que estão em negrito nos textos. No final de cada
unidade, há um Building my vocabulary bank que deverá ser preenchido por você com aquelas
palavras que você pesquisou durante os seus estudos ou que aprendeu durante as interações
com seus colegas, tutores e professor.
Bem, são esses os códigos e as novidades que aparecerão nas Unidades. Lembre-se que você
precisará desses códigos para conferir as respostas dadas a cada uma das atividades propostas.
As chamadas das Unidades, as quais você verá em seguida, foram escolhidas somente como
representação do tema principal a ser trabalhado nas Unidades. Por exemplo, a chamada “Aging” Indica
que você trabalhará na Unidade proposta o tema Getting older em boa parte das atividades.
Agora que você teve uma visão geral da disciplina Língua Inglesa nível avançado II e do
material que será utilizado, gostaríamos de lembrá-lo de que é hora de recomeçarmos. Então,
siga corretamente as orientações propostas aqui e dedique-se bastante à aprendizagem desta
língua que conquistou o mundo.
Bons estudos!
As autoras.
9
Unit 1
Advertising
Hi, everybody! Welcome to your new book!
Esta Unidade tem como objetivo trabalhar o tema moradia; habilidades orais com o texto
Strange neighbourhood!; a música Hometown Glory; como atividade de escrita, a atividade Perfect
Housemate; o texto de introdução aos tópicos gramaticais e ao vocabulário: Pros and cons of
condominium living. Como tópico gramatical, será feita uma revisão dos pronomes relativos.
O tema proposto para essa Unidade é a Moradia. O tema Moradia será o ponto de partida
para as atividades propostas em toda a unidade.
Reading comprehension
Howdy! Would you like to travel to New York City on vacation? Take a look at picture 1!
◄ Figura 1: Renting
Fonte: http://www.
feelnyc.com/en/new-
york-vacation-rentals.
html?gclid= CJOx_vPiwqo
CFQ1b7AodDGK24w.
Acesso em 09/08/2011.
1. Wow! That seems to be a great opportunity to visit NYC, doesn’t it? Which place would you
prefer? Why?
2. Go to: http://www.feelnyc.com/en/new-york-vacation-rentals.html?gclid=CJOx_vPiwqo
CFQ1b7AodDGK24w and search for a place to stay in during your vacation. Go to the
virtual class forum and share your answer with you classmates. Write about your choice
and who you would invite to go to NYC with you.
3. After reading the ads and sharing your opinion with your friends, pay attention on the ads
again and see what kind of information people wrote on them. Can you say what is always
the same and what changes? Have you ever seen this kind of ad in your country? Where
can you find it? Answer these questions on the virtual classroom.
11
UAB/Unimontes - 7º Período
4. Have you ever written an ad? If you answered yes, what was it about? Look at the
information below about ads:
Small ads are short advertisements which are found in local and national
newspapers, and sometimes on notice boards in shops, colleges etc. In
newspaper and magazine adverts, each word and/or letter has to be paid for,
so to make them cheaper, people often use short forms and abbreviations, and
some non-essential words are not used.
(http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/flatmates/episode77/
languagepoint.shtml, acesso em 09/07/2011)
5. Could you see any abbreviation on the NYC ads? Which ones? Do you know what they
mean?
6. Let’s study a little bit about vocabulary in ads. Go to http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/
learningenglish/flatmates/episode77/languagepoint.shtml. Study the vocabulary and
write an ad:
An ad offering a type of accommodation:
Post your ad on the Virtual classroom.
Now, read the text!
How to Find a Housemate

By Giselle Berge, eHow Contributor
Figura 2: Friends ►
Fonte: http://www.
nydailynews.com/
entertainment/galleries/
friends_til_the_end/
friends_til_the_end.html.
Acesso em 16, agosto, 2011.
Soaring housing costs and a shaky economy have made house sharing increasingly
attractive to those looking to save money. According to a 2009 article in the Economist, the
online classifieds site Craigslist reported that “Roommate wanted” postings rose 60 percent in the
San Francisco Bay Area over the past year. While economically practical, the wrong housemate
may also add unwanted stress to your personal life. Finding an ideal housemate takes a bit of
planning and consideration.
12
Instructions
1. Make a list of the qualities and personal habits you desire in a housemate. Be sure to
distinguish between qualities you would merely like the housemate to have – enjoys the
same television shows, likes to travel – and essential requirements regarding personal
habits and cleanliness. Remember that no one is perfect, but if you are a vegetarian non-
smoker, a chain-smoking carnivore will not be a good fit.
2. Ask friends, coworkers, relatives and college friends whether they know of someone
searching for a house share. Personal recommendations can function as built-in
references and can lessen the discomfort some may feel about living with a complete
stranger.
3. Draft an advertisement for a housemate. Be specific about your requirements, your
personal habits, the room for rent and your neighborhood. Include the expected
monetary contributions for Internet, utilities, cable or other additional expenses.
4. Take clear and accurate photos of the house, neighborhood and room for rent. If you offer
additional perks such as a pool or an attractive deck, make sure to include pictures of
these as well.
5. Post your ad on a reliable online classifieds site like Craigslist. Due to its popularity,
Craigslist will likely yield a large pool of applicants. To narrow down the number of
applicants, you may consider a roommate matching service such as roommates.com
or roommateexpress.com which will match you with potential housemates based on
common interests.
6. Schedule an initial phone interview with potential housemates to discuss the house, their
interests, and any additional questions you may have. Be direct and honest. If there are
red flags during the conversation, move on.
7. Invite potential housemates for an in-person visit to your home. Ask a lot of questions and
request employment references, as well as references from past housemates.
8. Draw up a written housemate contract that includes the monthly rent and other
expenses, shared chores, a policy regarding guests and any other requirements you may
have to ensure a smooth house share. A written agreement will protect you in the event
the housemate does not work out.
Fonte: http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_6461374_housemate.html Acesso em 16, agosto. 2011
Building my vocabulary bank
Word: Meaning:
Perk (Informal) an advantage or extra thing, such as money or goods, which you
are given because of your job.
To draft to write down a document for the first time, including the main points but
not all the details.
To draw up to prepare something, usually something official, in writing.
To narrow down to make a number or list of things smaller and clearer, by removing the thin-
gs that are least important, necessary or suitable
To yield To supply or produce something positive such as a profit, an amount of food

or information.
13
Writing
Perfect Housemate
According to the instructions, rewrite your ad about a housemate. And share the “perfect
housemate” profile with your friends using the virtual classroom forum.
Now, write an interview for your future housemate. Interview some of your classmates using
the interview on MSN, SKYPE or any other chat program! Who is a perfect housemate?
Reading for grammar & vocabulary
Do you live in a house or in an apartment?

Do you like your neighborhood? Why?
Read the text below and see if you agree or not with the pros and cons of condominium living.
Figura 3: Buildings ►
Fonte: Clipart
Pros and cons of condominium living
Considering buying a condominium? Be warned: owning a condominium is quite different

from owning a single-family home and comes with its own particularities. Before you jump
into the condo market with both feet, you should make sure that the condominium lifestyle
is right for you. The benefits and drawbacks of condo living need to be weighed against your
14
own criteria. Is security more important to you than distance from your neighbors? Are you
comfortable with community living? Here is a list of the basic pros and cons of condo living to
help you make your decision.
Quadro 1: Pros and Cons

Pros Cons
“Box of air”: When you buy a condo, you do not

Location: There is often a high concentration of
own the land beneath the building, you simply
condominiums in downtown locations where land
share an interest in it. Instead, you own the space
is at a premium. If you want to be in the heart of
between the walls of your unit, and share owner-
the city, a condominium may be a good choice.
ship of the common areas with other owners.
Security: Having neighbors around makes it a

Community living: Shared walls and common
lot easier to lock up and leave for a vacation or
areas mean that you are more likely to hear your
an extended period of time. Also, condominium
neighbors or run into them more often. Also, as
buildings often have security features, be they bu-
part of the homeowner’s association, you will have
zzers or a guard service. This is particularly helpful
to coordinate with neighbors to come to decisions
if this is your second home, and you are only there
regarding the common areas.
for part of the year.
Low maintenance: No more backaches from Fees: Monthly condo fees go toward maintenan-
mowing the lawn or shoveling snow. Condo living ce and repair of the common areas. There are
means someone else takes care of the plumbing occasionally additional assessment fees to handle
problems or roof maintenance for you. There may larger repair jobs. Your fees may also be paying for
be some cases – if it’s your fault – where you will amenities, such as a swimming pool that you may
have to pay. not use.
Affordability: While condominiums have a wide Resale: Condominiums are more sensitive to
price range, the lower range is often within the trends in the real estate market than single-family
budget of first-time buyers and singles who may homes. If the market takes a downturn, condos are
find single-family houses unaffordable. usually the first to suffer and the last to recover.
Amenities: Most condominium developments Rules: Condos are governed by a set of rules
offer a range of amenities in the common areas. called Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions
This means that you may have access to a swim- (CC&Rs). This can include restrictions on noise
ming pool, gym or tennis courts that you would levels, pet ownership, renovations, and even what
not be able to afford on your own. kind of curtains you can put in your windows.
Condominium association: Because the condo

Condominium association: Every unit owner is
association is made up of homeowners rather than
a member of the condo association, which also
property-management professionals, the associa-
has an elected board. The association serves to
tion may be weak and inefficient. Also, if you want
enforce bylaws, handles maintenance and repair
to make renovations to your unit or rent your unit
issues, and deals with disputes with developers or
out, you may have to get approval from the condo
between unit owners.
association.
Fonte: http://www.lendingtree.com/smartborrower/buying-a-home/finding-a-home/pros-and-cons-of-condo-living/
Acesso em Agosto, 2011
Word: Meaning:
Buzzer an electronic device that makes a buzzing sound.
Bylaw a law made by local government that only relates to its particular region.
Covenants a formal agreement between two or more people.
Drawback a disadvantage or the negative part of a situation.
Ownership when you own something.
Unaffordable costing so much that people do not have enough money to pay for it.
15
After reading
1. Would you like to live in a condominium?

2. What do you prefer: a common house, a house in a condominium or an apartment?
3. To explain your choices you can use the following sentences:
There’s no way I’d want to live in a ….
I can’t imagine what it would be like to live…
I’d choose to live in a… because I think…
Even though I think…
I definitely think…
Language Point
Follow the text example and talk to a friend about the pros and cons of living in a small city.
Now, in a chart, write the pros and cons you have been discussing about. Share your opinion
with the other classmates on the virtual classroom forum.
Introducing grammar
Relative Pronouns
Look at the sentences from the text and answer the questions:
a. “While condominiums have a wide price range, the lower range is often within the budget
of first-time buyers and singles who may find single-family houses unaffordable.” The
pronoun who refers to _____________________.
b. “Every unit owner is a member of the condo association which also has an elected board.”
The pronoun which refers to _______________________.
c. “Your fees may also be paying for amenities, such as a swimming pool, that you may not
use.” The pronoun that refers to _____________________________.
Check your answers:
a. first-time buyers and singles

b. condo association
c. amenities
16
Pay attention on the chart:
What are relative pronouns? Pronouns that we use to join sentences to nouns.
Who We use who for people.

Ex.: Here is the girl who bought my car.
(girl =who)
Which We use which for things.

Ex.: Mom said a word which I didn’t understand.
(word=which)
That We use that for people and things.

Ex: Here is the girl that bought my car.
Mom said a word that I didn’t understand.
What We use what to mean “the thing(s) which/that”.

Ex.: Has she got what she needs for the cake?
*We use what with a singular verb (third person singular)
Whom We use whom for people when the relative pronoun is the object of
the following verb.
Ex.: I’ve just got a birthday card from the guy whom I met at the club
last month.
* When a relative pronoun is the object of the following verb, we can leave it out.
Ex.: I hope you remember the notes (that) I wrote on the e-mail.
* We use that, not what, after anything, something, nothing, everything, all and the only thing’.
Ex.: Her house is the only thing in the world that matters to her.
Get the idea
Follow the example and complete the sentences. Check your answer (GTI 01)!
1. I’d like to talk to the boy ______ broke my window.

2. Is this the TV _______ never works well?
3. The dress ________ you gave Sara is so perfect!
4. The lady about __________ we were talking walked into the classroom.
5. The man _______ lives at number 20 plays tennis.
Complete the quotes with relative pronouns. (GTI 02)
1. A chief is a man ________ assumes responsibility. He says “I was beaten,” he does not say
“My men were beaten”. (Antoine de Saint-Exupery)
2. You are responsible, forever, for _______ you have tamed. You are responsible for your
rose. (Antoine de Saint-Exupery)
3. Education is the most powerful weapon _________ you can use to change the world.
(Nelson Mandela)
4. Nonviolence is a powerful and just weapon _________ cuts without wounding and
ennobles the man _________ wields it. It is a sword that heals. (Martin Luther King, Jr.)
5. Half of the harm _________ is done in this world is due to people _________ want to feel
important. They don’t mean to do harm. But the harm does not interest them. (T. S. Eliot)
17
Listening and speaking

TIP
American English: Strange neighbourhood!
Neighbor.
British English: Listen to the story at http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/newsenglish/
Neighbour.
witn/2008/09/080908_cows.shtml and say what the problem is.
Now, read the text “Noisy cows”.
Noisy cows
Figura 4: Cow
Fonte: http://www.bbc.
co.uk/worldservice/
learningenglish/
newsenglish/
witn/2008/09/080908_
cows.shtml. Acesso em 16
de Agosto, 2011.
A farmer in the French Alps is being demanding that the herd be kept away.
taken to court because his cows are too Monsieur Deronzier is naturally furious, but
noisy. Neighbours say the cowbells on his he might be comforted if he knew that his case
herd at a village near the town of Annecy is far from unique. In recent years across France
are keeping them awake at night. Hugh there’s been a series of law-suits over such rustic
Schofield reports from Paris: nuisances as the crowing of cocks, the quacking
Michel Deronzier grazes his herd of of ducks or the clanging of church bells.
70 dairy cattle on fields just outside the It’s a reflection of the changing sociological
village of Villaz, in the pastoral bliss of a face of the French provinces. Most of
French Alpine mountain side. Several of the the law suits are filed by a new type of
animals wear cowbells - not for decoration, he rural inhabitant: former town-dwellers who’ve
insists, but for the very practical reason that come in search of the silence and instead find
they can be more easily located if they stray. life in the countryside disquietingly loud.
But several of Monsieur Deronzier’s Hugh Schofield, BBC News, Paris
neighbours have had enough. They say
that the constant chiming of the cowbells Fonte: http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningen
is stopping them sleeping, and now one glish/newsenglish/witn/2008/09/080908_cows.shtml
of them has filed a suit at the courts Acesso em Agosto, 2011.
18
Word Meaning
Bliss perfect happiness.
Cattle large farm animals kept for their milk or meat; cows and bulls.
Chiming (To chime) to ring.
Dairy used to refer to cows that are used for producing milk, rather than meat.
Herd a large group of animals of the same type that live and feed together.
Nuisance something or someone that annoys you or causes trouble for you.
To stray to travel along a route that was not originally intended, or to move outsi-
de a limited area.
Ask and answer:
1. Talk to a classmate about his/her neighborhood. Use the useful sentences below to help you:
Do you like your neighborhood? Why or why not?

What do you like most? What do you dislike?
Is your neighborhood urban or rural? Is your neighborhood noisy at night?
Is your neighborhood convenient?
Is there a greengrocery shop, a convenience store or a candy store nearby? ▲
Figura 5: Question
What other shops are there? Are there any good restaurants?
Fonte: http://www.
Do you do any of your shopping in your neighborhood? verticalmeasures.com/
Are there any good places for children to play? link-building/ask-and-
Are there any nice places to take a walk? answer-sites-can-they-
benefit-you/. Acesso em
What are the most popular places in the neighborhood? agosto, 2011.
Language Point
Solving problems
◄ Figura 6: Advisors
Fonte: http://www.averq.
com/company-advisors.
html. Acesso em agosto,
2011.
Now, let’s play! Pretend you are a neighborhood helper and advise your friend about their
problems related to where they live. Write a problem you have around the place where you live.
Post the problem on the virtual classroom forum. Now, in groups (via Skype, MSN or any other
chat program) choose 03 problems and try to solve them. The group may advise the person
about the problem in order to help a friend. After the discussion, write the piece of advice as an
answer to the problem on the forum page.
19
Vocabulary
Complaints
Think about it: you need to talk to your roommate or your neighbor about something you think
they need to change. Maybe your roommate is very noisy and you may ask him/her for a little bit
of silence at night. Read the sentences and complete them. You can look at the neighborhood
problems your friends have posted on the forum and make complaints for each situation.
• I’m sorry to have to say this but __________________________________________________

• I’m sorry to bother you, but _____________________________________________________
• Maybe you forgot to___________________________________________________________
• I think you might have forgotten to _______________________________________________
• Excuse me if I’m out of line, but __________________________________________________
• There may have been a misunderstanding about ___________________________________
• Don’t get me wrong, but I think we should _________________________________________
Other expressions:
Expressing anger about something:
I’m fed up with the way you make so much noise at night!
sick of your annoying friends!
tired of you!
sick and tired of it!
I hate the way you leave a mess everywhere!

can’t stand the way you
What really gets under my skin is your unhelpful attitude.

What really drives me crazy is
Complaining about something that someone often does(n’t do)
You always leave a mess in the kitchen!
never helped me with anything!
Listening
Listen to the song and complete the lyrics.
Watch the song video on http://www.youtube.
com/watch?v=nL49yZNE4yk.
Figura 7: Hometown
Fonte: http://www.
wheelergalleries.com/tk/
html/homeve.html Acesso
20 em agosto, 2011
Write the verbs in the box back in the song. Check your answer (L 01).
collide did see missing can call shows wandering met(2x) strutting like(2x) Love
gonna take tutting get taking can do -(2x) walking commitement hunger essential
Hometown Glory (Adele)
I’ve been ________

In the same way as I ________
________ out
The cracks in the pavement
And ________ my heel
And ________ my feet
“Is there anything
I ________ for you dear?
Is there anyone I ________ ?”
“No and thank you, please Madam
I ain’t lost, just ________ “
Round my hometown
Memories are fresh
Round my hometown
Ooh, the people I’ve ________
Are the wonders of my world
Are the wonders of this world
I ________ it in the city
When the air
Is so thick and opaque
I ________ to ________ everybody
In short skirts
Shorts and shades
I ________ it in the city
When two worlds ________
You get the people
And the government
Everybody ________
Different sides
Shows that
We ain’t ________ shit
Shows
That we are united
Shows
That we ain’t ________ it
Shows
That we ain’t ________ shit
Shows that we are united
Round my hometown
Memories are fresh
Round my hometown
Ooh the people I’ve ________
Are the wonders of my world (4X)
21
Word Meaning
22
Referências
BERGE, G. How to Find a Housemate. Disponível em: http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_6461374_
housemate.html. Acessado em agosto de 2011.
PROS AND CONS OF CONDOMINIUM LIVING. Disponível em: http://www.lendingtree.com/

smartborrower/buying-a-home/finding-a-home/pros-and-cons-of-condo-living/ . Acessado em
agosto de 2011.
SCHOFIELD, H. Noisy cows. Disponível em: http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/

newsenglish/witn/2008/09/080908_cows.shtml. Acessado em agosto de 2011.
23
Unit 2
Aging
Hello! You live, you learn! You live, you get older! Let’s talk about aging!
Esta Unidade tem como objetivo trabalhar o texto A Few Tips to Help You Age Gracefully and
Accept Yourself; o speaking, com o tema Home Remedies for Wrinkles: is it fair?; a música Standing
Outside The Fire e Everybody is free to wear sunscreen como atividades de listening; a atividade
Telling the world como atividade de writing. Como tópicos gramaticais serão trabalhados Phrasal
Verbs e whoever, whichever, whatever, however, whenever and wherever.
O tema principal da unidade II é a maturidade. Em todas as atividades usaremos o tema

como auxílio para a aprendizagem.
Reading comprehension
Answer the questions before reading.
1. What did you think when you read the word “Aging”? Is it something good? Why?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. Do you worry about getting older? Why?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________ Figura 8: Getting older
Fonte: http://www.
______________________________________________________________ dontbejeff.com/2009/03/
am-i-really-getting-old.
Read the comics: html Acesso em ago, 2011
▼
25
Language Point
Talk to your classmates (via Skype, MSN, or any other chat program) about getting older.
Ask and answer the following questions:
• Do you like being the age at which you are now?

• What is the best age to be and why?
• What is the worst age to be and why?
• Do you look your age?
• Why do some people seem to age faster than others?
Now, read the sentences. Do you agree or disagree? Talk to your friends about
your opinions.
Agree Disagree
It’s better to enjoy life than worry about growing old.
Although everyone grows old, I’d prefer to grow old grace-

fully.
I want to look and feel young for as long as possible.
Someday humans will likely live for hundreds of years.
Get the idea
Vocabulary
Match the expressions to their meanings. (GTI 03)

wet behind the ears ( ) an eccentric old man
over the hill ( ) To behave in a more mature way. Frequently said to a child or teen.
a geezer ( ) Old
(To) act one’s age ( ) a young child, especially one who is learning or has recently learned
to walk
toddler ( ) to reach the age when you are legally recognized as an adult and
become old enough to vote
under age ( ) an informal expression emphasizing that someone has lived for more
years than most people
come of age ( ) legally too young to do something
the ripe old age of ( ) young and inexperienced
Read the text and complete it with the words from the box. (GTI 04)
commitment hunger essential passion disappointment embrace important routines

understand physically wonderful unique mentally obsessed comfortable backgrounds
26
A Few Tips to Help You Age Gracefully and Accept Yourself

By: Kate Lemley
◄ Figura 9: Aging
Fonte: http://www.cbs.
com/daytime/the_talk/
blog/?id=60414 Acesso em
ago, 2011
Aging is an _________ part of life that may come at us a lot quicker than we want or expect.
That being said, there are ways to make aging a _________ process that only gets better as we
get older. One of the most _________ processes of our lives is getting to know ourselves. This
involves growing and changing to develop a _________ for life and each of its stages. It is also
important to _________ that you are not the only person going through it.
Everyone comes from different _________ and has a different genetic makeup, but that
doesn’t mean that we can’t all have the same _________ for living life to its fullest and being
_________ in our own skin. Each one of us is _________ and we all come in different shapes and
sizes giving us each an equally unique plan to stay healthy _________ and _________.
We are constantly being shown new diets, fads, and ideas that are touted by celebrities that
are meant to convince us that trying each one will bring us closer to our ideal bodies. Because
of these images and lessons being taught, we have become much more _________ and self-
conscious with the aging process. As a result, we then focus on our body image much more than
we need to be. When we fail at one or any of these fad diets or anti-aging _________ we then
often opt for the easy way out. We give up. We start gaining weight, wearing baggy clothes and
forgetting our skin care routine all-together. There are supposed to be a multitude of “quick fixes”
out there for these things, but the truth lies not only in quick solutions, but also instead in an
overhaul of our lifestyle and our _________ to staying healthy.
So instead of relying on quick fixes and setting yourself up for failure and _________, create
your own system of healthy routines. Make it fun and enjoyable and let it constantly grow and
change as the years go by. It’s important to start this now, no matter your age, and learn to
accept your body’s makeup and be willing to work with it and _________ it.
Fonte: http://www.cbs.com/daytime/the_talk/blog/?id=60414 Acesso em ago, 2011
With a classmate write 4 tips to help people age gracefully and accept themselves!
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
27
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Now, read the tips below and see if they are similar to yours. Which tip of yours would you
add to them? Is there a tip below you don’t agree with? Why?
Here are a few tips to get you started:
• Drink Water - This has been said over and over again, but we can’t put enough emphasis on
its importance. Drink a glass when you wake up and one before bed and make sure to drink
throughout the day as well. A good measuring trick is to drink half of your body weight in
ounces every day.
• Get Moving - movement is one of the best tricks for anti-aging and will help keep you
flexible and in shape. Try to incorporate at least 30 minutes of moderate activity into your
daily life. We know it sounds daunting, but as soon as you start, your body will enjoy it and
crave it again tomorrow.
• Be A Leader - Don’t let celebrities and magazines be the brand that defines you; set yourself
apart and create your own sense of style. Doing so will allow you to become more aware of
yourself and allow you to be more creative.
• Balanced Meals - No matter if you eat three, five or six meals a day, you should always eat
breakfast. It revs up your metabolism for the day and keeps you from gaining unnecessary
weight. You should also make sure that each of your meals is a blend of carbs, protein and
healthy fats. Stay away from junk food and try to focus on whole foods rather than anything
processed.
• Skin Care Is A Must - Always wash your face before bed! Our faces need a chance to
breathe and repair themselves. Invest in a night cream that targets your skin type and helps
moisturize.
• Beauty Sleep - We recommend at least 7 hours of sleep every night, but the important
thing is to listen to your body and give it the rest that it needs. Rest not only benefits our
mind, it also benefits our skin, hair and body.
• Find Balance - As we age, we really need to find balance in our lives. Take the time to sit
back and reevaluate where you are investing your energy. Are you focusing too much on
something that is bringing you a great deal of stress? Start focusing more on a positive
reinforcement that will bring you happiness instead.
• Be Compassionate - Always take time to give. We have a tendency to become so wrapped
up in our own lives that we forget about others that may need some extra attention or love.
It will enrich your own life in addition to others.
Now that you have a basis for a few things in life that will help you embrace your natural
path to aging, make your own plan and run with it! Focus on where you need your life to go in
order for you to feel happiest and most fulfilled and your overall health will follow.
Fonte: http://www.cbs.com/daytime/the_talk/blog/?id=60414 Acesso em ago, 2011
28
Introducing grammar
Whoever, whichever, whatever, however, whenever and wherever
◄ Figura 10: Whoever

Fonte: http://
raisingfigureskaters.
com/2010/12/01/whoever-
is-happy-wordart-freebie/
Acesso em ago, 2011.
◄ Figura 11: Whatever

Fonte: http://www.
fashionstinks.com/
whatever_you_are_be_a_
good_one_abraham_
print-228375353
354946921.html Acesso
em ago, 2011.
29
Look at the pictures 10 and 11. Do you know what whoever and whatever means? Explain
to a classmate what you understood and listen to his/her explanation too.
Read the poem:
Figura 12: Sunset

Fonte: http://
peculiartreasures-
rachel.blogspot.com/
2011/01/i-exchange.html.
Dear Whoever
(by Sammi Doll)
Dear whoever
If I ever met you
Would you let me scream?
Would you let me cry out
My frustrations
Until there was no pain?
Or would you leave me alone?

Exposed out in the cold
Isolated in the hurt
Blood frozen in my veins
Dear whoever
If I ever met you
Would you ever leave my side?
Would you hold my hand
Assure me
And tell me it’ll be all right?
Or would you add to my pain?

Shun me away
Push me out
And never let me back
30
Dear whoever
If I ever met you
Would you let the light in?
Let it shine on
A new day
Meant for you and I?
Or would you keep me in the dark?
So protected, so smothered
Choking on my breath
No air
Dear whoever
If I ever met you
It would be a shame
For it would surely
Be a sign
That I am going insane.
Fonte: http://poem.mibba.com/205861/Dear-Whoever Acesso em ago, 2011
In your opinion, does the word whoever mean the author knows exactly to whom is
talking? Explain your answer to a classmate and listen to his/her explanation.
Now, pay attention to the explanation:
The words whatever, whoever, whichever, however, whenever and wherever have
similar meanings to “it doesn’t matter what/ who/ which/ how/ etc.”, “any thing that/ any
person who, etc”.
This kind of word acts as a subject, object or adverb in its own clause. It can also appear as a
conjunction, joining its clause to another sentence.
Ex.:
• Whoever calls to me, tell them I’m sleeping.

• She will never answer an invitation to go out, whoever you are.
• Whatever you say, I’ll always be by your side.
• Whichever of the cars you choose, you’ll have to pay a lot of money.
• People always want more, however rich they are.
• You can call me whenever you want.
• I’ll go wherever you will go.
Get the idea
Complete the sentences with whatever, whoever, whichever, however, whenever or

wherever. (GTI 05)
1. Pay attention, _____________ you go in this town you should be careful.
2. ____________ you travel, it will take you at least 10 hours to get there.
3. _____________ is inside the bag is making a strange noise.
4. _______________ I visit my grandma I try to bring her a gift.
5. Send it to ___________________ pays the bills.
31
Reading and Vocabulary

Let’s check if you are prepared for aging!
1. There are some things in our body that will change when we get older. Say how much you
care about each item in the table and what you can do to help your appearance.
How much do you care? What can you do to help your appearance?
A lot A little Not at all
Eyes
Wrinkles
Teeth
Hair
Stomach
Share your opinion with your classmates!
2. Do you know any home recipes to bodycare treatment? Talk to your relatives, friends, co-
workers and people you know and try to find recipes to deal with your hair and face skin.
Take note and post the recipes (in English) on the virtual classroom site.
Home Remedies for Wrinkles

By Timothy Gower, Alice Lesch Kelly, Linnea Lundgren, Michele Price Mann
Figura13: Wrinkles ►
Fonte: http://
nofacewrinkles.com/.
Wrinkles. Many of us dread the arrival of those lines, crinkles, and creases, but we know
they’ll etch their way into our faces sooner or later. You can’t avoid aging, obviously, but it
turns out that you don’t have to end up with a prunelike complexion. If you follow some
32
commonsense home remedies, you can prevent some wrinkling and continue to put your best
face forward.
First, it’s important to understand how skin ages and why we end up with wrinkles. One
cause of skin aging occurs as the skin begins to wear out. By the time a person reaches 70 or
80, the skin and bones (including the skull) begin to thin and the layer of fat underneath the
skin shrinks.
Another factor that comes into play over the years, causing skin to sag, is gravity. The
corners of the mouth turn down, and the upper lip may disappear altogether. Eyelids droop, the
tip of the nose dips, and jowls forms. Even your ears will begin to hang a little lower.
Sleep lines can add to your facial etchings, too, as can the facial expressions you’ve worn
through the years. The muscles that make you laugh, cry, wink, and pucker your lips pull on the
skin, which can leave permanent creases over time.
Still, these mostly unavoidable physiological changes actually play a very small role in the
development of wrinkles. Unprotected exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays is by far the biggest
culprit. That so-called healthy glow you get from a tan is anything but healthy for your skin.
So while you can’t prevent certain body changes, you can protect your skin from the
greatest culprit in wrinkle formation and help lessen the impact of some of the contributing
factors. Read the following home remedies to find out how.
◄ Figura14: Sunscreen
Fonte: http://
bellanellablog.com/
page/3/. Acesso em ago,
2011.
Wear sunscreen every day: Applying Get some shades: Wearing sunglasses
sunscreen with a sun-protective factor (SPF) that block out the vast majority of the sun’s
of at least 15 and avoiding the sun as much as ultraviolet rays when you’re outdoors during
possible from 10:00 A.M. to 4:00 P.M. the day can help protect the soft, sensitive
skin around your eyes, where crow’s feet form
and where sunscreen may not reach.
◄ Figura 16: Sleep

Fonte: http://www.clivir.
com/lessons/show/stop-
snoring-aids-and-devices-
review-snoring-pillow.
html. Acesso em ago,
2011.
Figura 15: Shades
Fonte: http://womantalks.com/
33
Articles/Fashion/Accessories/Stylish-
Sunglasses-for-Under-30.html. Acesso
em ago, 2011.
Sleep on your back: Sleeping with your face pressed against the pillow can cause “sleep
lines” that, over the years, can turn into wrinkles.
Don’t smoke: Not only can smoking cause cancer and numerous other health problems, it
can contribute to wrinkles. Studies have found that premature wrinkling increased with cigarette
consumption and the length of time the individual had been smoking.
▲
Figura 17: Don’t smoke!
Fonte: http://
thecontentfarm.tumblr.
com/post/2958400667/
how-to-quit-smoking.
Figura 18: Moisturize ►

Fonte: http://health.
howstuffworks.com/skin-
care/moisturizing/tips/
moisturize-face-at-night.
htm. Acesso em ago, 2011.
Moisturize: Using a moisturizer can temporarily improve the appearance of wrinkles by

plumping up your skin, but it won’t have a long-lasting effect.
Figura 19: Facial ►

Expressions
Fonte: http://www.
tpub.com/content/
draftsman/14263/
css/14263_203.htm.
34
Fine-tune your facial expressions: Some people have a tendency to knot their
eyebrows, frown, glare, or crease their brow, and they’ve got the wrinkles to show for it. Often,
we’re not even aware of the expressions we make. If you watch yourself in the mirror and notice
how you use your muscles to form expressions, you may be able to make a conscious effort to
modify some of them.
Fonte: http://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/beauty/anti-aging/home-remedies-for-wrinkles.htm Acesso em
ago, 2011
Words Meaning
Brow the forehead (= part of the face above the eyes).
Crinkles many small lines and folds.
Culprit a fact or situation that is the reason for something bad happening.
Etching to make a strong clear mark or pattern on something.
Eyelid either of the two pieces of skin which can close over each eye.
Jowl the loose skin and flesh under the jaw.
Prunelike Be like a dried plum that is often eaten cooked.
Skull the bones of the head, which surround the brain and give the head its shape.
To crease If cloth, paper, etc. creases, or if you crease it, it gets a line in it where it has been folded
or crushed.
To dread to feel extremely worried or frightened about something that is going to happen or
that might happen.
To pucker to tighten skin or cloth until small folds appear or (of skin or cloth) to form small folds.
To sag to become weaker.
To shrink to become smaller, or to make something smaller.
Get the idea
Vocabulary
Try to find on Internet the underlined verbs. Write their meanings in the box bellow. Then
compare your answers with your classmates’. (GTI 06)
There are some good online dictionaries:
http://www.oxfordadvancedlearnersdictionary.com/
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/
http://www.merriam-webster.com/
To turn out
To end up
To wear out
To find out
To block out
To turn into
35
Language Point
Do you know the famous text “Everybody is free to wear sunscreen”? Watch the video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQlJ3vOp6nI&feature=related
Figura 20: Sunscreen ►

speech
Fonte: http://www.
amazon.com/Everybodys-
Free-Wear-Sunscreen-
Instrumental/dp/
B000UGD542. Acesso em
ago, 2011.
Now, tell your classmates if you follow any piece of advice from the text.
Writing
Follow the steps:

1. Write freely for 20 minutes on your
topic. Write whatever comes to your mind.
Don’t try to judge things or organize the ideas.
Don’t worry about grammar. You may write to
help yourself think about the topic.
2. Read what you have written. What is
the main idea of your writing? Now, explore
the main idea and write more about it (2
Figura 21: Peer review ► paragraphs). Use the vocabulary and other
Fonte: http://nursing. ideas of your free writing to help you.
advanceweb.com/article/
nurse-peer-review-2.aspx. 3. Look at the texts at this unit and other
Acesso em ago, 2011. readings to look for sentences you can paraphrase.
Organize grammar, linking words and conclusion.
Telling the world 4. Ask a classmate to read and correct
your text.
Imagine you may tell the world what you 5. Read the text after the peer review and
would like to advise people about. Think of decide what you really need to change.
what you know would make things easier in 6. Write the final version and post it on
everybody’s life. Maybe it is about overcoming the virtual classroom.
the fear of getting older; maybe it is about the 8. Read your classmates’ texts and write
environment, or even about drinking water. your opinion about them.
36
Listening
◄ Figura 22: Adventure

Fonte: http://www.
myadventuresomelife.
com/why-taking-risk-is-an-
positive-attitude/. Acesso
em ago, 2011.
Listen to the song on http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vluCIarM3J8 and read the lyrics.

And answer the questions.
Standing Outside The Fire
Garth Brooks
We call them cool

Those hearts that have no scars to show
The ones that never do let go
And risk the tables being turned
We call them fools

Who have to dance within the flame
Who chance the sorrow and the shame
That always comes with getting burned
But you’ve got to be tough when consumed by desire

‘Cause it’s not enough just to stand outside the fire
We call them strong

Those who can face this world alone
Who seem to get by on their own
Those who will never take the fall
We call them weak

Who are unable to resist
The slightest chance love might exist
And for that forsake it all
They’re so hell-bent on giving, walking a wire

Convinced it’s not living if you stand outside the fire
Standing outside the fire

Life is not tried, it is merely survived
If you’re standing outside the fire
There’s this love that is burning
Deep in my soul
37
Constantly yearning to get out of control

Wanting to fly higher and higher
I can’t abide


1. Did you like this song? Why or why not?

2. Did this song remind you of any situation or anyone you know? What or who? In what
ways?
Share your answers with your classmates and discuss the meaning of “Standing outside the fire”.
Word Meaning
38
Referências
DOLL, S. Dear Whoever. Disponível em: http://poem.mibba.com/205861/Dear-Whoever.
Acessado em agosto de 2011.
GOWER, T.; KELLY, A.; LUNDGREN, L.; MANN, M. Home Remedies for Wrinkles. Disponível em:
http://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/beauty/anti-aging/home-remedies-for-wrinkles.htm.
Acessado em agosto de 2011.
LEMLEY, K. A Few Tips to Help You Age Gracefully and Accept Yourself. Disponível em: http://
www.cbs.com/daytime/the_talk/blog/?id=60414. Acessado em agosto de 2011.
39
Unit 3
People & Society
Hi there! We have a society full of good people and, sometimes, bad people. Let’s talk about people!
Esta Unidade tem como objetivo trabalhar o texto Special Delivery como atividade de
speaking; como atividade de vocabulário e reading o texto Japan tsunami: 10m yen donation
found in Tokyo toilet; a música Offer como atividade de listening; a atividade My Biography como
writing. Como tópicos gramaticais serão trabalhados a pronúncia do sufixo –ed e a pontuação.
O tema central da unidade é Pessoa Humana. Todas as atividades serão conectadas por esse tema.
Speaking
Look at the picture:
◄ Figura 23: Good people

Fonte: http://blogs.
babble.com/family-
style/2011/08/05/simple-
modern-framed-sayings/.
41
Answer the questions:

1. What does the label “good people” mean for you?
2. Are you a good person? Why or why not?
3. What makes someone a good person?
Read the text about a good person. Complete the text with the words from the box. (GTI 07)
nonetheless as then but last Christmas Eve but within three days
two days later me who is far beyond
Special Delivery
By Gary Sledge
◄ Figura 24: Special bikes

Fonte: http://bikeclub.
org.uk/2010/03/22/
accessible-cycling-for-
young-disabled-people-
in-blackpool/. Acesso em
ago, 2011.
Ten-year-old Riley Christensen and her mother, Lynn, were huddled in front of the family
computer, checking out models and prices of bikes. “Let’s pick one out for Dad’s birthday,”
Christensen suggested to her daughter.
_________ Christensen scrolled down the home page of the Bike Rack, a shop in their town
of St. Charles, Illinois, a video link for Project Mobility caught her eye. She clicked on it out of
curiosity. The clip told how Bike Rack co-owner Hal Honeyman had created an organization to
provide specially engineered bicycles to people with disabilities. It showed the happy faces
of those who were now riding them — accident victims, injured veterans, and children with
disabilities, including Hal’s own son, who had been born with cerebral palsy.
“I’m going to buy a bike for one of those kids,” Riley told her mother. _________, she showed
Christensen a letter she had written asking for donations: “I think it’s amazing for a guy to make
bikes for kids who can’t walk,” the letter said. “I saw how happy a boy was when he got one … I’m
writing to ask for your help.”
Christensen was blown away by her daughter’s effort, _________ doubts quickly emerged.
The cost of just one of those special bikes could be as high as $4,000. Riley could never raise the
money. ______________, her letter went out to 75 relatives and friends. __________________,
checks and cash began arriving. _________ word got around about Riley’s campaign, and as
Christmas neared, more and more donations rolled in. The teen ultimately raised more than
$12,000, enough to pay for seven bikes.
__________________, Riley pulled on a Santa hat and delivered the bicycles to three of the
lucky kids: Ava, a 13-year-old girl with spina bifida; Jenny, a 15-year-old girl with cerebral palsy;
and Rose, a 4-year-old girl with a rare genetic disorder. “This is the best Christmas I ever had,” said
Riley.
She and Ava have since ridden together. “When I ride, I like to go fast, get sweaty, and feel
the breeze,” Riley says. “So does Ava. She pumps with her arms, not her feet, but she really flies.”
Riley is determined to keep her campaign the wind in their faces,” she says.
going every holiday season. “I want kids to feel
42 Fonte: http://www.rd.com/home/5-stories-that-celebrate-the-spirit-of-giving/ Acesso em ago, 2011

Words Meaning
Cerebral palsy a physical condition involving permanent tightening of the muscles which is
caused by damage to the brain around or before the time of birth
Spina bifida a serious condition in which part of the spine is not correctly developed at
birth, leaving the nerves in the back without any protection
To huddle to come close together in a group, or to hold your arms and legs close to
your body, especially because of cold or fear.
Get the idea
Answer:
1. Would you expect a ten-year-old child to act as Riley Christensen did? Why or why not?
2. Do you know any similar story? If you do, tell your classmates about it.
3. During your childhood, did you do anything special to help someone? What did you do?
Go to the virtual classroom forum and discuss the questions above with your friends.
Good people X bad people
Let’s talk about good and bad people. Judge the situations below. Complete the sentences
and then share your opinion with your friends posting your sentences on the virtual classroom forum.
What do you think about:
• People who jump the queue in banks ___________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
• People who steal your answers in class ___________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
• People who offer their seats to old people and pregnant women _____________________
____________________________________________________________________________ ▲
• People who love gossiping about other people’s lives inside the hairdresser’s ____________ Figura 25: Good X bad
____________________________________________________________________________ Fonte: http://blog.
• People who love sharing prizes and good news with others at work ____________________ leadingresources.
____________________________________________________________________________ com/66/good-people-
bad-partners-conflict-
resolution-through-good-
governance-policy. Acesso
Please, complete the chart: em ago, 2011.
What kind of people makes you People who
feel impatient?
mad?
feel happy?
feel well by them?
want to start a new friendship?
Using Skype, Msn, or any other chat device, talk to a classmate and share ideas. What is
similar between your answer and your friend’s answer? What is different?
43
Reading and vocabulary

1. Read the words and match them to their meanings. (GTI 08)
Word Meaning
1. tsunami ( ) an extreme weather condition with very strong wind, heavy rain and
often thunder and lightning
2. earthquake ( ) an extremely large wave caused by movement of the Earth under the sea,
often caused by an earthquake
3. storm ( ) a mountain with a large circular hole at the top through which lava (= hot
liquid rock) gases, steam and dust are or have been forced out
4. flooding ( ) when an area is covered with water, especially from rain
5. Hurricane ( ) a sudden violent movement of the Earth’s surface, sometimes causing

great damage
6. volcano ( ) a violent wind which has a circular movement, especially found in the
West Atlantic Ocean
2. Look at the vocabulary on the chart again and name places where you know natural
disasters have happened.
Tsunami: ____________________________________________________________________
Earthquake: __________________________________________________________________
Storm: ______________________________________________________________________
Flooding: ____________________________________________________________________
Hurricane: ___________________________________________________________________
Volcano: ____________________________________________________________________
3. Can you name countries where most of the natural disasters happened? Which one (s)?
________________________________________________________________________
What can people do to help each other when a natural disaster happens? Read the text
about the donations in Japan.
Japan tsunami: 10m yen donation found in Tokyo toilet
An anonymous donor in Japan has left

10m yen ($131,000; £83,000) to charity by
dumping it in a public toilet.
The money was found with a letter saying it
should be donated to victims of the earthquake
and tsunami that hit Japan in March.
The neatly wrapped bills were found in a
Figura 26: Thousands ► plastic shopping bag in a toilet for disabled people
of people were
left homeless by in the city hall of Sakado in the Tokyo suburbs.
March’s tsunami and The note read: “I am all alone and have no
earthquake use for the money.”
Fonte: http://www.bbc. The City Hall said it would hand the
co.uk/news/world-asia- money to the Red Cross if it was not reclaimed
pacific-15110090. Acesso
em ago, 2011. within three months.
City officials said the anonymous donor
had slipped in and out unnoticed.
The BBC’s Roland Buerk in Tokyo says the
earthquake and tsunami that devastated north-
eastern coastal areas in March has brought out
striking examples of generosity and honesty.
44
Strange donations
The equivalent of $50m in cash has been picked up in the disaster area and handed over to
the police. Another $30m was recovered from safes found in the rubble.
It is not the first time that anonymous benefactors in Japan have chosen toilets to leave
cash. In 2007, 400 blank envelopes containing 10,000-yen notes were found in the toilets of local
council buildings across the country.
At the same time, 18 residents of a Tokyo apartment building found a total of 1.8m yen
stuffed into envelopes in their mailboxes.
Nearby, 1m yen was apparently thrown from an apartment block above a local shop.
Most of that money appears to have been handed in to the police. The mysterious
benefactor was never found.
Fonte: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-15110090 Acesso em ago, 2011
Pronunciation
Pronunciation of –ed endings (review)
The –ed ending is used to form the past tense and past participle of regular verbs. The –ed
ending has three different pronunciations. Look at the chart:
-ed is pronounced /Id/ after the sounds /t/ and /d/.

/tId/ /dId/
devastated handed
-ed is pronounced /t/ after unvoiced sounds (except /t/)
Picked /kt/
Wrapped /pt/
Unnoticed /st/
-ed is pronounced /d/ after voiced sounds (except /d/)
Disabled /ld/
Write the words in the right column: (GTI 09)
waited stopped washed danced raised agreed lived looked

needed hoped started laughed opened
/Id/ /t/ /d/
45
Reading
Look at the picture. Do you know this man? What is his name? Who is he?
◄ Figura 27: Nobel Prize

Fonte: http://www.
nobelprize.org/
nobel_prizes/peace/
laureates/1964/king-bio.
html. Acesso em ago, 2011.
Read his biography.
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was one of the most important leaders in the civil rights
movement, and one of America’s greatest peace heroes. He dedicated his life to fighting
injustice. Unlike many heroes of the past, Dr. King did not fight with violence, but promoted
nonviolence and passive resistance as tools for social change.
As a Baptist Minister, Dr. King’s deep faith helped to shape his vision of love and kindness,
justice and equality for all. He was also greatly influenced by the lives and writings of Mahatma
Gandhi and Henry David Thoreau. Dr. King put theory into practice by leading many nonviolent
boycotts and protests in the 1960s. An eloquent speaker, he quickly rose to prominence as one of
the most important leaders in the movement for racial equality in America and in the worldwide
movement for peace during the Vietnam War.
For his dedication to world peace and working towards a nation where all men and women
are created equal, Dr. King received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. At 35 years old, he was the
youngest person ever to receive this honor.
An assassin’s bullet killed Dr. King in 1968, but his dream of a better world is alive in
countless hearts and lives today.
Dr. King strongly believed in personal responsibility for helping to bring peace, justice
and equality into our communities and our world, and his life is a shining example of one who
practiced what he preached. The United States Congress created a national holiday in honor of
his legacy. Appropriately, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day is dedicated as a day of volunteer service, so
that it is not just a day off from work or school, but a day to give of ourselves to our communities.
Fonte: http://www.betterworldheroes.com/pages-k/king-bio.htm Acesso em agosto, 2011
46
After reading
1. Watch the video of part of Martin Luther King’s speech “I have a dream”. Go to http://www.
youtube.com/watch?v=MgYzJGmBXU8&feature=related
2. Now, think of your dreams of a better world. Do you have any dream of a solution for the
world’s problems? Which one(s)?
3. Write in a few words what your dream is about. Try to rhyme or give a rhythm to your
words and make it a kind of poem. Look up at a good dictionary the words whose
pronunciation you are not sure about. Practice reading your poem out loud. Then read it
out loud to a classmate or classmates. You can do it through Skype, Msn, etc or in a class
meeting. Share your dreams!
4. Post you poem on the virtual classroom forum.
5. After that, plan a slide presentation using your words and pictures that could help you
describe your ideas. Share the presentation with all your classmates.
Introducing grammar
Let’s learn a bit more about punctuation?!
◄ Figura 28: Punctuation

Fonte: http://
subjunctivecomics.
blogspot.com/2008/03/
comic-6.html. Acesso em
ago, 2011.
Quadro 2: Punctuation
Rule Example
(.) Period
We use a period to end a sentence that is a statement. He dedicated his life to fighting injustice.
When a period is part of a number, it is called “point”. 3.5
( , ) Comma
Adjectives: In predicate position, commas are always The doctor was smart, polite and handsome.
used between adjectives.
List: to separate items in a series or list. Traveling in a train is a cheap, comfortable,
Word order to separate words that are put in unu- safe journey.
sual places or interrupt the normal progression of a Lewis had, surprisingly, paid the party bills.
sentence.
( ! ), ( ? ) Exclamation Mark and Question Mark I love you!
They are used to close sentences. Do you know my father?
47
( ' ) Apostrophe
Missing letters: to show where we have left letters out Who’s she?
of a contracted form.
Possessive: before or after possessive –s ending of This is my brother’s house.
nouns.
Special plurals. Please, no but’s!
( : ) Colon
To introduce a list. You may bring us three types of books: roman-
Before explanations. ce, drama and comedy.
Mom will travel on Tuesday: she must visit our
grandma.
( ; ) Semicolon
Instead of a period if two statements are closely Some students prefer studying in the morning;
related. others in the evening.
To separate items in a list (when these are grammati- They need to understand the steps of a
cally complex.) process are complex; they demand a lot of
attention; they …
Fonte: Elaborado pelas autoras.
Get the idea
Rewrite the text using the correct punctuation. (GTI 10)
When I was a little boy in Australia I spent a lot of time in nature because my town was in an
oasis The oasis is 15,2 Km long so we could go for long walks My favorite place to go was the lake
at the end of the oasis My friends and I used to go swimming have picnics play soccer and even
study there Have you ever been to Australia
Reading
Biography
Before reading
Have you ever thought about writing your biography?

List 5 moments/situations of your life you think they must be on a biography of your life. The
most important moment must be the number 01 and the least important one must be number 05.
1. __________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. __________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Read Mother Teresa’s biography and underline the pieces of information a good
biography must have.
48
Mother Teresa
Mother Teresa was born Agnes Gonxha

Bojaxhiu in Skopje, Macedonia, on August
26, 1910. Her family was of Albanian descent.
At the age of twelve, she felt strongly the call
of God. She knew she had to be a missionary
to spread the love of Christ. At the age of
eighteen she left her parental home in Skopje
and joined the Sisters of Loreto, an Irish
community of nuns with missions in India.
After a few months’ training in Dublin she was
sent to India, where on May 24, 1931, she took
her initial vows as a nun. From 1931 to 1948
Mother Teresa taught at St. Mary’s High School
in Calcutta, but the suffering and poverty she
glimpsed outside the convent walls made
such a deep impression on her that in 1948 ◄ Figura 29: Mother
she received permission from her superiors to Teresa
leave the convent school and devote herself to Fonte: http://www.
working among the poorest of the poor in the nobelprize.org/
nobel_prizes/peace/
slums of Calcutta. Although she had no funds, laureates/1979/teresa-bio.
she depended on Divine Providence, and started html. Acesso em ago, 2011.
an open-air school for slum children. Soon she
was joined by voluntary helpers, and financial
support was also forthcoming. This made it work in the wake of natural catastrophes such
possible for her to extend the scope of her work. as floods, epidemics, and famine, and for
On October 7, 1950, Mother Teresa refugees. The order also has houses in North
received permission from the Holy See to America, Europe and Australia, where they
start her own order, “The Missionaries of take care of the shut-ins, alcoholics, homeless,
Charity”, whose primary task was to love and and AIDS sufferers.
care for those persons nobody was prepared The Missionaries of Charity throughout
to look after. In 1965 the Society became an the world are aided and assisted by Co-
International Religious Family by a decree of Workers who became an official International
Pope Paul VI. Association on March 29, 1969. By the 1990s
Today the order comprises Active there were over one million Co-Workers in
and Contemplative branches of Sisters and more than 40 countries. Along with the Co-
Brothers in many countries. In 1963 both the Workers, the lay Missionaries of Charity try to
Contemplative branch of the Sisters and the follow Mother Teresa’s spirit and charism in
Active branch of the Brothers was founded. In their families.
1979 the Contemplative branch of the Brothers Mother Teresa’s work has been
was added, and in 1984 the Priest branch was recognized and acclaimed throughout the
established. world and she has received a number of
The Society of Missionaries has spread awards and distinctions, including the Pope
all over the world, including the former Soviet John XXIII Peace Prize (1971) and the Nehru
Union and Eastern European countries. They Prize for her promotion of international
provide effective help to the poorest of the peace and understanding (1972). She also
poor in a number of countries in Asia, Africa, received the Balzan Prize (1979) and the
and Latin America, and they undertake relief Templeton and Magsaysay awards.
Fonte: FRANGSMYR, Tore; ABRAMS, Irwin (ed.) Nobel Lectures: Peace 1971-1980. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing
Co, 1997.
49
Words Meanings
Forthcoming happening soon.
Nun a member of a female religious group which lives in a convent.
Shut-in a person who cannot leave their home very easily because they are ill/sick or
disabled
Slum a very poor and crowded area, especially of a city.
To glimpse to see something or someone for a very short time or only partly.
To undertake to do or begin to do something, especially something that will take a long time
or be difficult.
Vow a serious promise or decision.
Using the chat room in the virtual classroom, talk to your classmates about Nelson Mandela
and Mother Teresa. Search on the Internet more information about them and share it with your
partners. Answer these questions to help you chat:
1. Do you know any good person in your country that made something special for helping
people? Who? What did the person do?
2. In the world, who do you think is a great person who everybody may remember forever?
What did he/she do?
Writing
My biography
◄ Figura 30: Biography

Fonte: http://serc.carleton.
edu/sp/library/writing_
assignments/. Acesso em
agosto, 2011.
Write your biography!

Follow the steps:
1. Look at the information you have underlined on text on Mother Teresa. Why did you
underline it? Talk to your teacher and classmates about how important this information is.
50
2. Write down on a paper your personal data. Look at Mandela’s http://www.youtube.com/

watch?v=vluCIarM3J8 and Mother Teresa’s text to see what kind of personal data you will
need. Maybe you want to add something else!
3. Use the five important moments/situations of your life you listed before reading. Think
about them. How will you describe them and organize the facts chronologically.
4. Now, write your biography. You can have some pictures to illustrate your text and the
facts.
5. Ask a classmate to read your text and correct it. Ask him/her to pay special attention on
punctuation.
6. Rewrite your text after the peer review and post it on the virtual classroom.
7. Read and comment your classmates’ text.
Speaking
Top 10 – Actions for a better world
Figura 31: World

Fonte: http://
sicusynergynetwork.
ning.com/group/
sicusymphony
forthefuture. Acesso
em ago, 2011.
1. Rank the following issues (in order of priority) as most important:
( ) Trying to solve the problems of violence and drugs

( ) Trying to find cures for serious diseases
( ) Taking steps to contain the cost of food and health care
( ) Trying to ensure people have jobs
( ) Trying to solve public school problems
( ) Taking steps to ensure better leaders in elected positions
( ) Taking steps to reduce poverty in geographically problematic areas
( ) Trying to solve the problem of teenage pregnancy
( ) Trying to improve the quality of environment
( ) Trying to solve problems related to prejudice
2. Compare your answers with your partners.

3. Explain your choices to your classmates.
51
You can use these sentences to help you:
Being informal Being formal
In my opinion____ You know what I think... I think that____
I think that_____ Wouldn’t you say that_______?
I feel that______ Don’t you agree that_______?
I believe that______ I’d just like to say that______
It seems to me that________ I’d like to point out that_______
If you ask me_____ You know what I think... I think that____
I’d say that_______ Wouldn’t you say that_______?
To disagree with someone (Informally) To disagree with someone (Formally)
I can’t agree with you there That’s not the point
You can’t be serious!! No, I think you’re wrong
Come off it! I see what you mean, but________
Don’t be silly! Yes, that’s quite true, but_____
I can’t agree with you there I’m not sure I quite agree
To persuade someone
You must admit that___
Do you really believe that_____?
Don’t you think that______?
Don’t you agree that____?
You must admit that___
Language Point
You Make the World a Better Place
By Sandra Magsamen
◄ Figura 32: Heart world

Fonte: http://7keystolove.
teens-talk-about-true-
love-for-planet.html.
52
I want to tell you about a very special person in my life. Her name was Dr. Margaret
Zassenhaus, and she was my hero—not only because of her uncommon courage, but also
because of her unvarying kindness.
Dr. Zassenhaus was our family physician. I remember days when Mom would squeeze all
five of us girls into the car to visit the doctor. We looked forward to visiting her, as she happily
greeted us at the door with her thick German accent and ushered us through her waiting room
and into her office. Our visits always went well until the smell of cookies came wafting through
the air. Once we began to smell the cookies, one of my sisters would begin to cry, then another
and another, and before long, all of us would be in tears. The doctor’s mother would come into
the office with a plate loaded with warm, freshly baked cookies. You see, Dr. Zassenhaus, in her
gentle and kind hearted way, had asked her mom (who lived with her above the office) to bake
us a treat on the day of our vaccine shots—a reward for what we would endure. But my sisters
and I had come to know the routine, and although we loved the cookies, we knew that that smell
meant…THE SHOT!
Margaret’s compassion also manifested in every large and small action—in the way she
extended her friendship, joined community boards, cared for patients and listened to them.
She shared stories of the people who inspired her, like Albert Schweitzer and Mahatma Gandhi,
and taught us that every human being mattered; that even the smallest gesture could affect the
world in a constructive way.
Margaret was gentle and kind, but she was also courageous. Born in Germany, she was
under the rule of Adolph Hitler during World War II. As a young medical student assigned by
the Gestapo to monitor Norwegian and Danish political prisoners, she took it upon herself to
smuggle in medicines, carry out letters and, ultimately, save many lives. After the war, Margaret
learned that her mother, too, had been part of the resistance, although neither of them had
confided in each other about their involvement during the war, as to protect one another if the
worst happened and they were to be found out.
When I was a girl, I asked her, “Were you scared when you saved the lives of all those men?”
and she replied, “Of course, I was very scared! But I was the only one in a position to help, so I did
what I could do.” I have come to learn that that is all any of us can do.
Fonte: http://www.oprah.com/spirit/You-Make-the-World-a-Better-Place#ixzz1Zcxiei28 Acesso em ago, 2011
Word Meaning
Shot the amount of a particular drug, whether medical or illegal, which is put into the body
by a singleinjection.
To smuggle to take things or people to or from a place secretly and often illegally.
To usher to show someone where they should go, or to make someone go where you want
them to go.
List 05 simple everyday actions that can make the world better.
01. ________________________________________________________________________
02. ________________________________________________________________________
03. ________________________________________________________________________
04. ________________________________________________________________________
05. ________________________________________________________________________
Compare your answer with your classmates. Discuss which ones are the most important actions.
53
Listening
Listen to the song and write the sentences from the box in the right place. Check your
answer (L 02). Listen and watch the video on: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W11aF5BkDQ0
Figura 33: Offer ►

Fonte: http://
ericpepin1.wordpress.
com/2011/02/16/higher-
balance-institute-path-of-
self-discovery/ .
Offer
(Alanis Morissete)
Who, who am I to be blue?

_ __________________________
Looking my friends and my house
Who, who am I to feel dead?

___________________________
Looking my health and my money
And where, where do I go to feel good?

___________________________
When clearly I’ve seen it won’t work?
Is it my calling to keep on when I’m unable?

____________________________________
And my generosity has me disabled by this
My sense of duty to offer
And why, why do I feel so ungrateful?

___________________________
Me who’s seen life as an oyster

___________________________
54

And how, how dare I rest on my laurels?

___________________________
How dare I ignore a third world country?

Is it my job to be selfless extraordinaire?
Who, who am I to be blue?
Word Meaning
55
Referências
ABRAMS, I; FRÄNGSMYR, T. Martin Luther King, Jr. Nobel Lectures, Peace 1971-1980. Singapore:
World Scientific Publishing Co, 1997.
ABRAMS, I; FRÄNGSMYR, T. Mother Teresar. Nobel Lectures, Peace 1971-1980. Singapore: World
Scientific Publishing Co., 1997.
JAPAN TSUNAMI: 10m yen donation found in Tokyo toilet. Disponível em http://www.bbc.co.uk/
news/world-asia-pacific-15110090. Acessado em agosto de 2011.
MAGSAMEN, S. You Make the World a Better Place. Disponível em: http://www.oprah.com/
spirit/You-Make-the-World-a-Better-Place#ixzz1Zcxiei28. Acessado em agosto de 2011.
SLEDGE, G. Special Delivery. Disponível em: http://www.rd.com/home/5-stories-that-celebrate-

the-spirit-of-giving/. Acessado em agosto de 2011.
56
Unit 4
Love is in the air
Wow, love is everywhere around!
Esta Unidade tem como objetivo trabalhar o texto Love letters como atividade de reading e
speaking; como atividade de vocabulário e reading o texto Internet love; a música I Don’t Wanna
Miss A Thing como atividade de listening; a atividade Long-distance dating como writing. Como
tópicos gramaticais e de vocabulário serão trabalhados: Being critical and Euphemisms.
O tema central da unidade é o Amor. Todas as atividades estarão conectadas pelo tema.
Let’s learn! Learn with love and love learning!
◄ Figura 34: Love learning

Fonte: http://
justalittlewordy.
spreadshirt.com/shop/
designs. Acesso em ago,
2011.
Reading and speaking

Before Reading
Answer:
1. Have you ever received a love letter? Tell your classmates about it. How did you feel?
2. Have you ever written a love letter? Tell your friends about it too.
3. Can you say what ‘sweetheart’ means? What does it mean?
4. Listen to the conversation and check the meaning of ‘sweetheart’.
57
Listen: http://http-ws.bbc.co.uk.edgesuite.net/mp3/learningenglish/2011/02/110217_6m
in_english_love_for_website_110217_6min_english_love_audio2_au_bb.mp3
Read the text:
Love letters
Figura 35: Love Letter ►

Fonte: http://
wallpaperpassion.
com/download-
wallpaper/4962/love-
letter-wallpaper.html .
Yvonne: Hello, I’m Yvonne Archer and Rob has joined me for today’s 6 Minute English. Now
Rob, put your romantic hat on and tell us, have you ever sent or received a love letter?
Rob: Mm – Both actually. I have sent one and I’ve received one as well.
Yvonne: And why don’t you write love letters anymore?
Rob: Because there’s not enough time.
Yvonne: Well, today we’re going to make time for love, because we’re talking about ‘Wives
and Sweethearts’. It’s an exhibition at London’s National Army Museum. The exhibition includes
letters from soldiers on the front line to their loved ones which date back over the last 200 years.
But before we find out more – here’s today’s question, Rob.
Rob: OK!
Yvonne: In which year was The Royal Mail – Britain’s postal service – founded?
a) 1516
b) 1710 or
c) 1780
Rob: I would say, quite a long time ago – probably 1710.
Yvonne: OK, we’ll find out whether you’re right or wrong later on! Now, back to “Wives and
Sweethearts” – the collection of letters at the National Army Museum. It aims to show us how
army life affected personal relationships between soldiers and their wives, sweethearts and
families. But Rob – what would you say is ‘a sweetheart’?
Rob: It’s a nice word, isn’t it? And ‘sweetheart’ is quite an old-fashioned noun – so now,
we usually say ‘girlfriend’ or ‘boyfriend’. But basically, a sweetheart is someone we’re sweet on –
someone we like a lot and hold dear to our heart. We’re very fond of them.
Yvonne: So we might call a child ‘a sweetheart’ - or even a colleague who we really
appreciate. So, thanks for that explanation Rob - you’re a sweetheart!
Rob: And so are you!
Yvonne: Now, the letters in the exhibition were sent during the Napoleonic War, the
Crimean War, World Wars I and II and even during the conflicts we’re experiencing today. So they
go back as far as 200 years. Let’s listen to some excerpts…
Insert 1: Excerpt from love letters
1. I do miss you so very much…
58
2. Shall we become engaged in a sort of distant way?

Yvonne: The number of words used in the first excerpt gives the impression that the letter
was written a long time ago, doesn’t it, Rob?
Rob: Yes, it does. And today, we’d probably be more direct and simply say: “I miss you very
much”, but instead, we heard “I do miss you so very much”.
Yvonne: Now the second writer seems quite shy or unsure of how the young lady feels,
because instead of simply asking his sweetheart to marry him, he suggests that they become
engaged while he’s still away.
Rob: He suggests that they get engaged ‘in a sort of distant way’ because he’s far from
home and can’t propose marriage in person.
Yvonne: OK, well let’s hope she accepted his proposal and that they got married after the
war. But of course, not all the letter writers were reunited, as Dr Frances Parton, organizer of the
exhibition, explains:
Insert 2: Dr Frances Parton, Exhibit Organizer
Some of them are very moving and quite distressing. Obviously, we’ve looked at all the
aspects of a soldier’s relationship and sometimes that can be very, very difficult when it involves
separation and obviously, in worst case scenarios, bereavement.
Yvonne: Rob, Dr Parton describes some of the letters as ‘very moving’. What does she mean
by that?
Rob: Well basically, when we read them, they make us feel very emotional – perhaps even
tearful.
Yvonne: And some aspects – areas – of a soldier’s relationship can involve ‘worst case scenarios’.
Rob: ‘Worst case scenarios’ are situations that couldn’t possibly be sadder or more
dangerous, for example. And here, Dr Parton is talking about the fact that in some cases, soldiers
and their loved ones died.
Yvonne: Mm - well luckily, Caroline Flynn-MacCloud’s husband recently returned safely from
a seven month deployment in Afghanistan. They have a wonderful collection of love letters as a
result, which are included in the exhibition at the National Army Museum.
Rob: Wow – they must be very different from the love letters written by soldiers hundreds
of years ago.
Yvonne: Well funnily enough, Caroline says that they’re not!
Insert 3: Caroline Flynn-MacCloud, wife of a soldier. Letters begin with the declaration of
love and how much one is missing someone and end pretty much the same way, and also saying
not to worry. And in the middle, you have a whole sort of section about quite banal things. When
I wrote to him, sort of everyday things to show life was going on as normal without him. And he
wrote a bit about what he was doing, but frustratingly, very little about what he was doing.
Yvonne: So letters start by saying how much people love and miss each other and they end
by asking each other not to worry. But the middle of the letters are quite interesting, aren’t they?
Rob: Yes, they are. That’s where the banal things are written – the most ordinary or even
boring information about everyday life. But Caroline’s husband didn’t tell her much about what
he was doing out in Afghanistan.
Yvonne: No, perhaps soldiers aren’t allowed to send too many details home because of
security issues and of course, they don’t want to worry their loved ones at home, do they?
Rob: No.
Yvonne: Well I don’t know about you Rob, but I think I’m going to try to get to that
exhibition – and perhaps write a few more love letters of my own!
Rob: A good idea, actually. It’ll be good to get pen to paper again and not rely on email.
Yvonne: Exactly. Right. Rob, earlier, I asked: in which year was the Royal Mail founded? And you said…
Rob: I said 1710.
Yvonne: And you were….wrong!
Rob: Oh dear!
Yvonne: It was in 1516.
Rob: I am surprised. That is a long time ago so think of how many letters have been sent
since then.
Yvonne: Especially love letters.
Rob: Yes.
Yvonne: Do join us again soon for more “6 Minute English”.
Both: Goodbye!
Fonte: http://wsdownload.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/pdf/2011/02/110215132027_110217_6min_english_love.pdf
Acesso em ago, 2011
59
Tip Word Meaning

See the ‘Wives and
Fond having a great liking for someone or something.
Sweethearts’ online
exhibition on http:// Bereavement the death of a close relation or friend.
www.nam.ac.uk/
exhibitions/online- Tearful crying or likely to cry.
exhibitions/wives-
sweethearts
Now, watch this video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Syxwkc36jas . It is an animation
made by a man who wanted to make a proposal.
This speaking activity is divided in two parts. The first one may happen on the virtual
classroom chat room. Then, you will need to use MSN, Skype or any other Internet audio
conversation program to talk to you classmates.
Part 1: On the chat room, chat with your friends about the Love Letters text. Did you like it?
Do you think a love letter has three parts as it was explained in the text (An introduction, middle
and an end)?
a. Do you think there are a lot of love letters being posted nowadays? Why?
b. What about “love e-mails”? Have you ever received sent or seen one? Is it just like a love
letter?
c. What about the video? Do you think writing a love letter (a proposal) is difficult? Why?
Take a time chatting about the questions above before the next part.
Part 2: Read the text below.
How Do I Love Thee? Let Me Tweet the Ways

By Megan Friedman
Figura 36: Online love ►

Fonte: http://www.
time.com/time/
specials/packages/
article/0,28804,2059521
_2059716_2059709,00.
Compared with a sonnet on perfumed parchment, a 140-character declaration of love

doesn’t seem very romantic. But you may get one soon. In a recent survey by Shape and Men’s
Fitness magazines, more than 65% of respondents said they had been asked out via text
message. And when was the last time you sent someone a love letter? Or, frankly, any letter at all?
But don’t despair. In the age of texting, old-fashioned romance may seem as antiquated as
Old English. Yet technology can smooth the course of true love, whether it helps find it, nurture it
or, if need be, end it.
Looking for your Romeo? The boom in Internet dating means there are more fish in the
sea than ever before. Heading online is no longer seen as a last resort. Half the respondents in
a survey by advertising giant Euro RSCG Worldwide said they knew someone who had met a
partner online. With Internet dating, “you kind of go to a ‘bar’ and look at all potential mates very
60
easily and scroll through them,” says Patrick Markey, director of the Interpersonal Relationship
Laboratory at Villanova University. For those too busy for the singles scene, online dating is a
welcome shortcut, especially when profiles and photos let you be choosy about your choices.
Before you even go on your first date, you can Google and Facebook your potential love to
your heart’s content to make sure she’s not hiding any skeletons. “What people know about each
other gets revealed more quickly now,” says Robert Rosenwein, a professor of sociology at Lehigh
University. “It may warn you off from some people so you don’t have to spend time figuring out
whether or not a person’s right for you.”
So once a potential Juliet is found, what’s the way to a modern woman’s heart? Try her cell
phone. If they’re correctly organized, text messages are like stacks of love letters tied with ribbon
— only now they’re searchable. Paul Walker, 25, used texts to create the perfect anniversary
gift for his girlfriend, Elizabeth. He created a calendar that tracked the chronology of their
relationship, using only their text messages. As he was making the calendar, Walker, who lives
in Brooklyn, converted his chats with her into a text document — 1,200 pages long. Though the
mass of messages was intimidating, the finished calendar showed the arc of their relationship. “It
ended up creating a rather emotional thing,” says Walker. And an overjoyed girlfriend.
Technology helps not just the enamored though. In a study, Jen Eden and Alice Veksler
discovered that those attempting to thwart an unwanted love have new tools at their disposal.
“We found that people use avoidance tactics to maintain a status quo” in a relationship, says
Eden, a visiting assistant professor at Miami University in Ohio. “And computer-mediated
technology is great for that because you can think about what you want to say.” If a romance
goes sour, your iPhone can take all the effort out of writing a Dear John letter. In the magazine
survey, 43% of women and 27% of men said they had been dumped via text message.
Especially in the case of breakups, it’s tough to draw the line between efficient and
impersonal communication. The key seems to lie in balancing your online and off-line
relationship. “Some people think it’s ‘add water, instant relationship’ because we have
access to each other’s Facebook profiles,” says Art Ramirez, an assistant professor of human
communication at Arizona State University. Technology just cuts out the small talk, letting you
know if your partner is the right one for you.
And who needs Shakespearean declarations of love anyway? If Juliet had Googled Romeo,
she would have found out he was a Montague and avoided all that fuss.
Fonte: http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2059521_2059716_2059709,00.html Acesso em

ago, 2011
Word Meaning
Fuss a show of anger, worry, lack of satisfaction or excitement, usually one which is
greater than the situation deserves.
Overjoyed extremely pleased and happy.
Parchment the thin dried skin of some animals which was used in the past for writing on, or
a high quality paper made to look like this.
Ribbon a long narrow strip of material used to tie things together or as a decoration.
To Thwart to stop something from happening or someone from doing something.
Talk to your friends about the text. Look at the questions; they can help you.
1. Is it easier to find a girl/boyfriend on the Internet? Why?

2. “In the age of texting, old-fashioned romance may seem as antiquated as Old English. Yet
technology can smooth the course of true love, whether it helps find it, nurture it or, if need be,
end it.” Do you agree or disagree?
3. Is it possible to be romantic on Twitter, Facebook or Orkut? How?
4. Does texting replace love letters and cards? Why?
61
Introducing grammar and vocabulary
Being critical and Euphemisms
There are certain expressions and grammar structures that can help when you want
to sound more polite, or even more diplomatic! And there are some ways to say bad news or
something too personal, sensitive or a taboo. Look at the chart.
Quadro 3: Being critical and Euphemisms
Being critical
A little, rather, and kind of To make the adjective less strong or offensive.
Ex.: “It ended up creating a rather emotional
thing”.
Can be… (at times) To soften information.

Ex.: “Obviously, we’ve looked at all the aspects of a
soldier’s relationship and sometimes that can be
very, very difficult when it involves separation”.
Euphemisms
Euphemism is a word or phrase used to avoid Ex.:

saying an unpleasant or offensive word. A teacher talking to a father about his son:
Your son seems to be unmotivated. (Instead of
saying that the boy is lazy.)
Fonte: Elaborado pelas autoras.
Get the idea
Try to soften the sentences.

Ex.: I’m unemployed. I’m between jobs but I’ll have some interviews next week.
1. Your dress is horrible! ______________________________________________

2. You look terrible today. ____________________________________________
3. You act like a child. ________________________________________________
4. Shut up! _________________________________________________________
Rewrite the saying in the comic to make it more diplomatic.
Figura: 37: Lion ►

Fonte: http://www.
chethstudios.
net/2010/04/40-hilarious-
facebook-comic-strips.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
62
Language Point
Do you believe in love at first sight? Why?
Do you think the first date will be the best chance to make something last?
Read the comic.
◄ Figura 38: Fish

Fonte: www.
mordantorange.com.
Did the male fish tell a lie to his partner? May the information about life be totally explained
before a date? How much information a person needs to know before a date?
Fig. 39: Computer.
Fonte: http://
Reading for vocabulary www.superstock.
com/stock-photos-
images/1538R-49774.
Acesso em agosto, 2011.
Read the text. ▼
Internet and love

By Andy Simmons
On a Sunday evening last November, Patrick Moberg, 21, a website

developer, was in the Union Square subway station in New York City.
“Out of the corner of my eye, I noticed this girl,” he says.“She had bright
blue shorts and dark blue tights and a flower in the back of her hair.”
New York’s fun if you’re a guy — the city’s lousy with gorgeous women.
But this one was different. She was his perfect girl.
63
When the number 5 train pulled into the station, the two got on. “I was enthralled,” he says.
“I noticed details like her braided hair and that she was writing in a pad. I couldn’t shake the
desire to talk to her.”
Taking a deep breath, he headed her way. Just then the train pulled into the Bowling Green
station. The doors opened, a rush of humanity swarmed in, and then suddenly, she was gone.
He considered giving chase, but there’s a fine line between blind love and stalking. He
thought of plastering the station with posters. Then a brainstorm: the Internet. “It seemed less
encroaching,” he says. “I didn’t want to puncture her comfort zone.”
That night, the world had a new website: nygirlofmydreams.com. On it, Patrick declared, “I
Saw the Girl of My Dreams on the Subway Tonight.” He drew a picture of the girl etched in his
mind, along with a portrait of himself with this disclaimer pointed at his head: “Not insane.”
The website spread virally, and soon he had thousands of leads. Some were cranks, and
some were women offering themselves in case he struck out.
Two days later, he got an e-mail from someone claiming to know the girl. He even supplied
a photo. It was her. She was an Australian interning at a magazine, and her name was Camille.
And she wanted to meet too.
Their first meeting was awkward. And why not? It was set up by Good Morning America. Like
the rest of the media, GMA saw a great love story and pounced. But being sucked into a media
Tip maelstrom isn’t necessarily conducive to a nascent love affair. “There was a lot of uncertainty on
Take a look at how to act around each other,” Patrick said. And in the back of Camille’s mind, a nagging thought:
Patrick’s site: http:// Who is this guy? The media circus eventually moved on, giving the two a chance to talk without a
nygirlofmydreams.com/
microphone present.
“Everything I found out about her was another wonderful thing,” says Patrick. She was smart,
funny and a big personality, a nice fit for this shy guy. “And,” he continues quietly, “we’ve been
hanging out together every day since.”
Thinking back, he sighs. “It’s amazing everything went without a hitch.”
Fonte: http://www.rd.com/family/what-they-did-for-true-love-stories/ Acesso em ago, 2011
Word: Meaning:
Awkward difficult to use, do, or deal with.
Crank a person who has strange or unusual ideas and beliefs.
Disclaimer a formal statement saying that you are not legally responsible for something,
such as the information given in a book or on the Internet, or that you have
no direct involvement in it.
Enthralled completely interested.
Etched (To be etched in) to be something that you will continue to remember.
Hitch (go without a hitch) to happen successfully without any problems.
Lousy very bad.
Maelstrom an area of water which moves with a very strong circular movement and
sucks in anything that goes past.
To Braid a length of hair or other material which is divided into three parts which are
then crossed over each other in a special pattern.
To chase to hurry after someone or something in order to catch them.
To encroach to gradually take away someone else’s rights, or to take control of someone’s
time, work, etc.
To plaster to spread plaster on a surface.
To pounce to jump or move quickly in order to catch or take hold of something.
To stalk to follow an animal or person as closely as possible without being seen or
heard, usually in order to catch or kill them.
To strike out to be unsuccessful.
64
Is it a funny story?
1. Write a post on the virtual classroom forum telling your classmates your opinion about
Patrick’s attitude. Would you do the same?
2. Now, answer these questions on the forum: What would you do to conquer the love of
your life? What is a perfect first date?
Expressions and Idioms with “Heart”
Here you will find some interesting expressions with the word “heart”.
• Break someone’s heart
Definition: hurt someone, usually romantically, or to cause some

great disappointment. ▲
Figura 40: Heart
• Cross your heart and hope to die Fonte: http://www.love-
Definition: Phrase meaning that you swear you are telling the truth tactics.com/relationships/
breakups.html. Acesso em
agosto, 2011.
• Eat your heart out
◄ Figura 41: Eat

Fonte: http://wallpapers.
bassq.nl/ILLustrations/
Garfield/slides/Eat%20
Your%20Heat%20Out.
Definition: to be jealous or envious of someone else
• Be halfhearted about something

Definition: Not do or take something
completely seriously
• Follow your heart
Definition: Do what you believe is right
• Have a change of heart
• Definition: Change one’s mind
◄ Figura 42: Sign

Fonte: http://
thinkpositive30.com/
blog/2011/08/19/follow-
heart/. Acesso em ago,
2011.
65
• From the bottom of my heart

Definition: Usually used in the first person, this phrase means that you are completely sincere
Figura 43: Heart 1 ►

Fonte: http://www.
justbecuzzinc.com/
bottom_of_my_heart.
• Get at the heart of the matter

Definition: Discuss the main issue, concern
• Have a heart of gold
Definition: Be very trustworthy and well meaning
◄ Figura 44: Gold

Fonte: http://365
devotions.blogspot.
com/2011/09/heart-of-
gold.html. Acesso em ago,
2011.
• Have a heart of stone

Defnition: Be cold, unforgiving
◄ Figura 45: Stone

Fonte: http://40
ssingleness-learnenglish.
idiom-of-week.html.
66
Get the idea
Match the expressions to their definitions. (GTI 11)

1. Have a heart-to-heart talk ( ) To be completely surprised by something.
2. Have your heart in the right place ( ) Have an open and honest discussion with someone.
3. Know something by heart ( ) Confess or confide in someone.
4. My heart misses a beat ( ) Know something such as lines in a play, or music perfectly, to
be able to perform something by memory.
5. Pour my heart out ( ) To mean well, have the right intentions.
Writing
Read the story.
Long-distance dating: In love, will travel

By A. Pawlowski, CNN
◄ Figura 46: Love and call

Fonte: http://www.
therealcollegeguide.com/
feature/campus_life/long_
distance_love/index.html.
Joe Whitfield catches a flight from St. we don’t have as much time as others, that
Louis to Atlanta so often he knows some of the trip is going to be full of romance,” said
the airport gate agents by name. They’re Whitfield, who attends law school in St. Louis.
convinced he’s a business traveler, but work “We are always trying to figure out how
isn’t the reason he’s shuttling back and forth to see each other,” added Thomas, a freelance
so urgently between the two cities. journalist in Atlanta.
Whitfield is on the road for love. It’s a familiar scenario for many couples
Like many people these days, he lives in as careers, studies and economic realities
one part of the country, while his sweetheart, keep them from living in the same place. The
Chandra Thomas, lives in another. U.S. Department of State, which sends its
They use phones, webcams and online workers all over the world, calls such lovers
chats to stay in touch as often as possible, but “geographic singles”.
they long for the time when a plane or a car Another label that has stuck is the
can finally take the distance out of their long- “commuter marriage,” in which nonseparated
distance relationship -- if only for a while. spouses maintain households in different
“We manage it by keeping our eye on cities, often for job reasons. More than 3
the next trip ... knowing there’s another trip million Americans are estimated to live in such
around the corner and knowing that because an arrangement.
67
But long-distance relationships are also at least once a month, but usually just for the
big among young people: up to half of college weekend.
students are dating from afar and as many as They met in 2006 when he came to
three-quarters will be at some point in time, Atlanta for his grandfather’s funeral. His
according to a study published last year in the parents knew her family and she was asked
journal Communication Research. to show him around the city. Thomas reached
No matter what their age, travel becomes out to him -- reluctantly. She had plans, but
the focus of long-distance lovers’ lives. invited him out for coffee. Something clicked.
Hunting for airfare deals They began dating long-distance several
Thomas and Whitfield, who are both in months later, with him doing the bulk of the
their 30s, have been able to see each other travel, she said.
Fonte: http://articles.cnn.com/2011-04-15/travel/lon.distance.romance_1_long-distance-romance-long-relationships-
travel?_s=PM:TRAVEL Acesso em ago, 2011
Answer
Is this story interesting? Have you ever loved from a distance? Do you know any story like that?
Visit the site “Loving from a distance”. It is a site to help couples who love from a distance.
http://www.lovingfromadistance.com/
Let’s write.
Be prepared to write a love story. Maybe you will tell your friends your own story. That
would be nice!
Do you know how to tell a story? Follow the tips and write a story.
1. Read the text “Internet and love” again and answer: who, what, when, where?
2. Now, think about the story you want to write. Organize:
• Who? (characters)
• What? (situations)
• When? (cronologal organization)
• Where? (places)
3. Describe the characters. Think your reader will need to know who they are to understand
Tip the story. Find adjectives, jobs or activities.
4. Describe the situation. It must have a beginning, middle and an end. What happened
The student should
start a class blog on first? And then? Review the linking words you have studied during your course. Use them.
the Net to publish their 5. Describe places. Remember the scenario is very important to picture the scene in your
writings. Talk to your reader’s mind.
classmates and teacher 6. Write the story. Write an interesting and curious introduction. It helps to catch your
about it! reader’s attention. Develop the sequence of facts and don’t forget to write a conclusion.
7. Peer review. Ask a classmate to read your story and correct it.
8. Read your classmate’s correction, decide which suggestions you may accept and rewrite
the story. Post it on the virtual classroom forum. Read and comment your friends’ stories.
In your opinion, which one is the most interesting?
68
Listening
This unit we had a lot of love to say. To conclude it, we are going to listen to a declaration of love.
Watch the video and listen to the song: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKAn1HvmRXM
I Don’t Wanna Miss A Thing

By Aerosmith
◄ Figura 47: Movie

Fonte: http://
greatestmoviethemes.
blogspot.com/2011/05/i-
dont-wanna-miss-thing-
armageddon-1998.html.
Complete the song with the words from the boxes. Check your answer. (L 03)
while spent life stay away just moment
I could stay awake _________ to hear you breathing
Watch you smile _________ you are sleeping
While you’re far _________ and dreaming
I could spend my _________ in this sweet surrender
I could _________ lost in this moment forever
Every moment _________ with you
Is a _________ of treasure
miss dream close fall never even
Don’t wanna _________ my eyes
I don’t wanna _________ asleep
‘Cause I’d _________ you baby
And I don’t wanna miss a thing
‘Cause _________ when I dream of you
The sweetest dream would _________ do
I’d still miss you baby
69
forever kiss feeling laying wondering want

_________ close to you
_________ your heart beating
And I’m _________ what you’re dreaming
Wondering if it’s me you’re seeing
Then I _________ your eyes and thank God we’re together
And I just _________ to stay with you
In this moment _________, forever and ever
Don’t wanna close my eyes
I don’t wanna fall asleep
‘Cause I’d miss you, baby
‘Cause even when I dream of you
The sweetest dream will never do
I’d still miss you, baby
right heart smile hold kiss rest
I don’t wanna miss one _________
I don’t wanna miss one _________
I just wanna be with you
_________ here with you, just like this
I just wanna _________ you close
I feel your _________ so close to mine
And just stay here in this moment
For all the _________ of time
Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah!

I don’t wanna fall a sleep
I don’t wanna fall a sleep
Choose at least 2 sentences from each song in this book, get some more sentences from
your mind and write a declaration of love. Post it!
70
Word Meaning
Caro acadêmico, você aprendeu estruturas mais complexas da Língua Inglesa. Você
teve a oportunidade de estudar mais e enriquecer o seu vocabulário, entre outros aspectos
importantes da Língua Inglesa. Você treinou todas as habilidades do uso da língua! Agora,
aproveite para rever o que foi estudado e ficar pronto para a próxima etapa! See you!
71
Referências
FRIEDMAN, M. How Do I Love Thee? Let Me Tweet the Ways. Disponível em: http://www.time.
com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2059521_2059716_2059709,00.html. Acessado em
agosto de 2011.
LOVE LETTERS. Disponível em: http://wsdownload.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/pdf/2011/02/110215

132027_110217_6min_english_love.pdf. Acessado em agosto de 2011.
PAWLOWSKI, A. Long-distance dating: In love, will travel. Disponível em: http://articles.cnn.

com/2011-04-15/travel/lon.distance.romance_1_long-distance-romance-long-relationships-
travel?_s=PM:TRAVEL. Acessado em agosto de 2011.
SIMMONS, A. Internet and Love. Disponível em: http://www.rd.com/family/what-they-did-for-

true-love-stories/. Acessado em agosto de 2011.
Resumo
A Unidade 1 introduziu o tema Moradia; habilidades orais com o texto Strange
neighbourhood!; a música Hometown Glory; como atividade de escrita a atividade Perfect
Housemate; o texto de introdução aos tópicos gramaticais e ao vocabulário: Pros and cons of
condominium living. Como tópico gramatical, foi feita a revisão dos pronomes relativos.
A Unidade 2 apresentou o texto A Few Tips to Help You Age Gracefully and Accept Yourself; o
speaking, com o tema Home Remedies for Wrinkles: is it fair?; a música Standing Outside The Fire
e Everybody is free to wear sunscreen como atividades de listening; a atividade Telling the world
como atividade de writing. Como tópicos gramaticais foram trabalhados Phrasal Verbs e Whoever,
whichever, whatever, however, whenever and wherever.
A Unidade 3 apresentou o texto Special Delivery como atividade de speaking; como
atividade de vocabulário e reading o texto Japan tsunami: 10m yen donation found in Tokyo toilet;
a música Offer como atividade de listening; a atividade My Biography como writing. Como tópicos
gramaticais foram trabalhados a pronúncia do sufixo –ed e a pontuação.
A Unidade 4 apresentou o texto Love letters como atividade de Reading e Speaking; como
atividade de vocabulário e Reading, o texto Internet love; a música I Don’t Wanna Miss A Thing,
como atividade de Listening; a atividade Long-distance dating como Writing. Como tópicos
gramaticais e de vocabulário foram trabalhados: Being critical and Euphemisms.
73
Referências
Básicas
LARSEN-FREEMAN, D. (Eds.). Grammar dimensions: form, meaning and use. Boston: Heinle &
Heinle, 1993.
OXFORD ADVANCED LEARNER’S DICTIONARY. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Disponível em:
<http://www.oxfordadvancedlearnersdictionary.com/. Acesso em 16, Ago. 2011.
REDSTON, C.; CUNNINGHAM, G. Face2Face: upper intermediate student’s book. Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press, 2005.
SWAN, M.; WALTER, C. How English works: a grammar practice book. Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 1997. SWAN, M. & WALTER, C. The good grammar book. Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2001.
TORRES, N. Gramática prática da língua inglesa: o inglês descomplicado. São Paulo: Saraiva,
2000.
Complementares
BIBER, D. et al. Longman grammar of spoken and written English. Harlow: Longman, 1999.
ELLIS, G.; SINCLAIR, B. Learning to learn English: a course in learner training. New York:
Cambridge University Press, 1989.
MURPHY, R. English grammar in use. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
75
Atividades de
apredizagem – AA
Online dating is changing how we flirt
◄ Figura 1: online dating

Fonte: http://akidaizikilove.
online-dating-is-
changing-how-we-flirt.
html. Acesso em agosto,
2011.
Since online dating sites first appeared in 1995, they have grown to have more than
5 million users in the UK. Can romance still flourish away from our computer screens and
keyboards, in a more traditional way?
Reporter: So internet dating might have transformed the way many people look for love and
become socially acceptable, but some feel there’s one activity an online profile or a newspaper
ad can never replicate: good, old-fashioned, flirting.
Jean Smith is an American anthropologist and flirting coach. Kelly is single. She has tried
online dating, but feels her one-to-one flirting skills need improving.
Kelly: Excuse me... hi there.
Man: I don’t have time, sorry.
Kelly: OK, thank you.
You still have to flirt online, but via the medium of writing and that’s completely different
from trying to strike up a conversation with somebody, in person.
Reporter: This exercise involves chatting to strangers.
Jean Smith: When we first start doing this, you’re going to feel a bit awkward, a bit
uncomfortable.
Kelly: A bit silly.
Jean Smith: Part of flirting is having the confidence of letting someone know that you’re
interested. And British people, in my experience, are way too hesitant and so both people leave
and think... oh God, I wish I would have said something.
Why don’t you ask him can he recommend a good restaurant around here?
Kelly: Could you recommend anywhere nice to eat around here?
That went really well.
Jean Smith: Yeah, I know. I was, like, OK Kelly!
Reporter: Whether it’s through an advert or chance encounter, the meeting of two strangers
can be life-changing and for this flirting expert at least, if you want it to happen, you’ve got
to seize the day.
Tim Muffett, BBC News
77
Fonte: http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2011/02/110214_witn_flirting_
page.shtml Acesso em agosto, 2011
1) Read the text and soften the sentences below:
a. A bit silly. __________________________________________________________________

b. Kelly is terrible with words on the net. ___________________________________________
c. The flirting coach is a bossy person. _____________________________________________
d. Flirting a difficult activity. _____________________________________________________
2) Complete the texts with relative pronouns.
a. Courage is the first of human qualities because it is the quality _________ guarantees the
others. (Aristotle)
b. An individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust, and _________
willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to arouse the conscience of
the community over its injustice, is in reality expressing the highest respect for the law.
(Martin Luther King, Jr.)
c. We ourselves feel that _________ we are doing is just a drop in the ocean. But the ocean
would be less because of that missing drop. (Mother Teresa)
d. It is by no means an irrational fancy that, in a future existence, we shall look upon
_________ we think our present existence, as a dream. (Edgar Allan Poe)
e. A person _________ won’t read has no advantage over one _________ can’t read. (Mark
Twain)
3) Complete the sentences using whatever, whoever or whenever.
a. _______________________ you might think of him, he’s a decent person.

b. I wouldn’t marry __________________ you told me to! I want to choose my own wife.
c. I cry __________________ I think about my son, he lives in another country.
d. __________________ told you I had lost a lot of money was lying.
e. I’ll agree to __________________ you say; just leave me alone.
4. Use the phrasal verbs from the box to fill in the blanks. Change the verb tense when necessary.
end up turn out find out turn into wear out block out
a. The truth _________ to be stranger than we had expected.

b. He’s trying to _________ memories of the accident.
c. I’ll just go and _________ what’s going on outside.
d. Walking around a museum all day really _________ you _________.
e. Much of this meat will probably _________ as dog food.
f. Our dream holiday _________ a nightmare.
5) Punctuate the text.
The five topics discussed here are of interest both for specialists in these fields and for anyone
who would like to get an overview of the University’s problems today A circumstantial change in
the events order of issues showed us how strongly they are all linked together something which
will now allow the reader to go through the book according to his personal preferences.
Rather than proposing conclusive answers to all these problems the papers and debates
here gathered intend to stimulate reflections about the roles and possibilities of the University
(Bolle, W., ed. The University of the 21st Century. 2001)
6) Connect the words to the euphemisms.
1. accident, crisis ( ) illegal

2. criminal ( ) mature
3. false teeth ( ) third world
4. lie ( ) dentures
5. old ( ) incident
7. poor nation ( ) restroom
8. toilet ( ) untruth
78
7) Look at the comic strip below and say , in a soft way, what the boy did at the museum.
◄ Figura 2 boy
Fonte: http://www.
gocomics.com/. Acesso
em agosto, 2011.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
8) Read the comic and write your opinion about it.
◄ Figura 3: Age
Fonte: http://www.
cartoonstock.com/
directory/o/old_people.
asp. Acesso em agosto,
2011.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
79
9) Read the SMS text message and rewrite it with complete words.
Evrytim I hear my msg tone, I always hope 1 of dem coms frm u. My cel may hav limtd
memry space but my heart has unlimtd space 4 a friend lyk u.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
10) Rewrite the twiter text with complete words.
When u need some1 to be there 4 u n no 1 is around, gaze up d sky. U may not c me from up
there but remember we r just under d same sky. I could never be far. Take care.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
80

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Rejane Cristina Carvalho Brito

Vanessa Leite Barreto

Montes Claros/MG - 2012

REITOR Luci Kikuchi Veloso

CATALOGADO PELA DIRETORIA DE DOCUMENTAÇÃO E INFORMAÇÕES (DDI) - UNIMONTES

B862l Brito, Rejane Cristina de Carvalho.

Caderno didático do Curso de Licenciatura em Letras/Inglês da

1. Ensino superior. 2. Língua inglesa – Estudo e ensino. I. Barreto,

Presidente Geral da CAPES Chefe do Departamento de Ciências Sociais

Diretor de Educação a Distância da CAPES Chefe do Departamento de Geociências

Governador do Estado de Minas Gerais Chefe do Departamento de História

Vice-Governador do Estado de Minas Gerais Chefe do Departamento de Comunicação e Letras

Secretário de Estado de Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior Chefe do Departamento de Educação

Vice-Reitora da Unimontes Coordenador do Curso a Distância de Ciências Biológicas

Pró-Reitora de Ensino Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de Ciências Sociais

Diretor do Centro de Educação a Distância Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de Geografia

Coordenadora da UAB/Unimontes Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de História

Coordenadora Adjunta da UAB/Unimontes Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de Letras/Espanhol

Diretor do Centro de Ciências Humanas - CCH Coordenadora do Curso a Distância de Letras/Inglês

Chefe do Departamento de Artes

Vanessa Leite Barreto

Listening and speaking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Reading and Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Reading and vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Reading and speaking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Referências basicas, complementares e suplementares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Há duas novidades neste caderno: Language Points e Building my vocabulary bank.

An ad offering a type of accommodation:

Post your ad on the Virtual classroom.

Now, read the text!

How to Find a Housemate

Fonte: http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_6461374_housemate.html Acesso em 16, agosto. 2011

Building my vocabulary bank

To draw up to prepare something, usually something official, in writing.

To yield To supply or produce something positive such as a profit, an amount of food

Reading for grammar & vocabulary

Do you live in a house or in an apartment?

Pros and cons of condominium living

Considering buying a condominium? Be warned: owning a condominium is quite different

Quadro 1: Pros and Cons

“Box of air”: When you buy a condo, you do not

Security: Having neighbors around makes it a

Condominium association: Because the condo

Building my vocabulary bank

Buzzer an electronic device that makes a buzzing sound.

Covenants a formal agreement between two or more people.

Drawback a disadvantage or the negative part of a situation.

Ownership when you own something.

1. Would you like to live in a condominium?

There’s no way I’d want to live in a ….

I can’t imagine what it would be like to live…

I’d choose to live in a… because I think…

Even though I think…

a. first-time buyers and singles

Pay attention on the chart:

Who We use who for people.

Which We use which for things.

That We use that for people and things.

What We use what to mean “the thing(s) which/that”.

*We use what with a singular verb (third person singular)

Get the idea

1. I’d like to talk to the boy ______ broke my window.

Complete the quotes with relative pronouns. (GTI 02)

Listening and speaking