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TOPIC : KINETIC THEORY OF GASES

1. Oxygen is filled in a closed metal jar of volume 10 -3m-3 at a pressure 1.5  105 Pa and temperature
400K. The jar has a small leak in it. The atmosphere pressure is 10 5Pa and the atmospheric
temperature is 300K. Find the mass of the gas that leaks out by the time the pressure and the
temperature inside the jar equalize with the surrounding.
1) 0.16g 2) 0.5g 3) 3g 4)2g
2. Calculate the rms speed of nitrogen at STP (pressure=1atm and temperature =0 0C. The density of
nitrogen   1.25kg.m3 )
1)700m/s 2)490m/s 3)100 m/s 4) 0 m/s
3. Find rms speed of oxygen molecules at temperature 270C.
1)200m/s 2)300m/s 3)483 m/s 4) 50 m/s
4. Calculate the root mean square speed of smoke particle of mass 5  1017 kg in their Brownian motion
in air at NTP  k  1.38 10 23 J / K 
1) 1.5  10 2 m / s 2) 2.5  103 m / s 3) 3.5  10 3 m / s 4) 4  103 m / s
5 Consider a sample of oxygen at 300K. Find the average time taken by a molecule to travel a distance
equal to the diameter of the earth.
1) 10hrs 2) 8hrs 3)4hrs 4)2hrs
6. At what temperature the mean speed of the molecules of hydrogen gas equals the escape speed from
the earth?
1) 11864K 2)500K 3) 100K 4) 5500K
7. At what temperature will the rms speed of oxygen molecules will be sufficient for escaping from the
earth?
( ve  11.2 103 km / s , m  2.76 1026 kg and k  1.38  1023 J / K )
1) 8.36  10 4 K 2) 4.18  104 K 3) 2.36  10 4 K 4) 3.36  10 4 K
8. Two perfect gases at absolute temperatures T 1 and T2 are mixed. There is no loss of energy. Find the
temperature of mixture if masses of molecules are m1 and m2 and the number of molecules in the gases
are n1 and n2 respectively .
n1T1  n2T2 n1T2  n2T1 n1T1  n2T2 n1T1  n2T2
1) 2) 3) 4)
n1  n2 n1  n2 n1  n2 n1  n2
3
9. A closed container of volume 0.02 m contains a mixture of neon and argon gases, at a temperature of
27 0C and pressure of 1 105 N .M 2 . The total mass of the mixture is 28g. If the gram molecular
weights of neon and argon are 20 and 40 respectively, find the masses of the individual gases in the
container assuming them to ideal. (Universal gas constant R=8.314 J/mol-K)
1) 4,24 2) 24,4 3) 10,12 4) 6,16
10. A glass tube, sealed at both ends, is 100cm long. It lies horizontally with the middle 10cm containing
mercury. The two ends of the tube contain air at 270C and at a pressure 76cm of mercury. The air
column on one side is maintained at 00C and the other side is maintained at 1270C. Calculate the
length of the air column on the cooler side. Neglect the changes in the volume of mercury and of the
glass.
1)36.5cm 2) 18.5cm 3) 70.5cm 4) 9.5cm
11. An ideal gas is trapped between a mercury column and the closed end of a narrow vertical tube of
uniform base containing the column. The upper end of the tube is open to the atmosphere. The
atmospheric pressure equals 76cm of mercury. The length of the mercury column and the trapped air
column are 20cm and 43cm respectively What will be the length of the air column when the tube titled
slowly in a vertical plane through an angle of 600? Assume the temperature to remain constant.
 1)24 2)48 3)64 4)38
12. The density PV/kT represents
1) mass of the gas 2) kinetic energy of the gas
3) Number of moles of the gas 4) number of molecules in the gas
13. Two balloons are filled, one with pure He gas and the other by air, respectively. If the pressure and
temperature of these balloons are same then the number of molecules per unit volume is
1) more in the He filled balloon 2) same in both balloons
3) more in air filled balloon 4) in the ratio of 1:4
14. According to the kinetic theory of gases
i) P  vrms ii) vrms  T iii) vrms  T 1/ 2 iv) P  v 2rms
1) (i ) , (iii ) 2) (ii) , (iii) 3) (iii) , (iv) 4) (i) , (iv )
15. Pressure exerted by a perfect gas is equal to
1) mean K.E per unit volume 2) half of mean K.E per unit volume
3) one-third of mean K.E per unit volume 4) two-third of mean K.E per unit volume
16. Four molecules have speeds 2m/s, 3 km/s, 4km/s and 5km/s. The rms speed of these molecules in km/s
is
27
1) 2) 27 3) 2 27 4) 54
2
17 Speed of sound in a gas is v and rms velocity of the gas molecules is c. The ratio of v to c is
3  3 
1) 2) 3) 4)
 3  3
18. At room temperature the rms speed of the molecules of a certain diatomic gas is found to be 1930m/s.
The gas is
1)H2 2)F2 3)O2 4)Cl2
19. The rms speed of oxygen molecules in a gas is v. If the temperature is doubled and the oxygen
molecules dissociate into oxygen atoms, the rms speed will become
1) v 2) v 2 3) 2v 4) 4v
20. A mixture of 2 moles of helium gas (atomic mass=4amu), and 1 mole of argon gas (atomic
v  helium 
mass=40amu) is kept at 300K in a container. The ratio of the rms speeds rms is
vrms  argon 
1)0.32 2) 0.45 3) 2.24 4) 3.16
21. For a gas at a temperature T the root-mean-square speed vrms the most probable speed vmp, and the
average speed vav obey the relationship
1) vav  v rms  vmp 2) vrms  v av  vmp 3) vmp  v av  vrms 4) vmp  v rms  vav
22. A cubical box with porous walls containing an equal number of O2 and H2 molecules is placed in a
larger evacuated chamber. The entire system is maintained at constant temperature T. The ratio of vrms
of O2 molecules to that of the vrms of H2 molecules, found in the chamber outside the box after a short
interval is
1 1 1
1) 2) 3) 4) 2
2 2 4 2
23 A gas has volume V and pressure p. The total translational kinetic energy of all the molecules of the
gas is
3 3
1) pV only if the gas is monoatomic 2) pV only if the gas is diatomic
2 2
3 3
3) > pV if the gas is diatomic 4) pV in all classes
2 2
24. A polyatomic gas with n degrees of freedom has a mean energy per molecule given
nkT nkT nkT 3kT
1) 2) 3) 4)
N 2N 2 2
25. Mean free path of a gas molecule is
 1) inversely proportional to number of molecules per unit
2) inversely proportional to diameter of the molecule
3) directly proportional to the square root of the absolute temperature
4) independent of temperature
26. If the mean free path of atoms is doubled then the pressure of gas will become
1) P/4 2) P/2 3) P/8 4) P
RT a
27. If pressure of CO2 (real gas) in a container is given by P   2 , then mass of the gas in
2V  b 4b
container is
1)11g 2) 22g 3) 33g 4)44g
28. At 0 K, which of the following properties of a gas will be zero?
1) Kinetic energy 2) Potential energy 3) Vibrational energy 4) Density
29. Three closed vessels A,B and C are at the same temperature T and contain gases which obey the
Maxwellian distribution of velocities. Vessel A contains only O2 , B only N2 and C a mixture of equal
quantities of O2 and N2. if the average speed of the O2 molecules in vessel A is V1, that of the N2
molecules in vessel B is V2, the average speed of the O2 molecules in vessel C is
V V 1/2 T
1) 1 2 2) V1 3) V1V2  4) 3k
2 M
2
30. The curve between absolute temperature and V rms is

PHYSICS KEY
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 1 5) 2 6) 1 7) 1 8) 3 9) 1 10) 1
11) 2 12) 4 13) 2 14) 3 15) 4 16) 1 17) 4 18) 1 19) 3 20) 4
21) 2 22) 2 23) 4 24) 3 25) 1 26) 2 27) 2 28) 1 29) 2 30) 2

PHYSICS HINTS
1. PV
1  n1RT
PV
n1  1
RT1
Number of moles leaked n  n1  n2  5.02  10 3
Mass of gas leaked = m  n  m0 =0.16g
3P
2. vrms   490 m / s

3RT
3. vrms   483m / s
M0
 3kT
4. vrms   1.5 102 m / s
m

8 RT
5. v  445m / s
 M0
2 Re
t  28764 s  8hr
v
8RT
6. Mean speed v 
 M0
Escape velocity ve  2 gRe  11.2  103 m / s
8 RT
v  ve   11.2  103  T  11864 K
 M0
3
7. Translational kinetic energy = kT
2
3 1 1
The oxygen molecule will escape from earth if kT   mve 2
2 2 2
mve 2
T  T  8.36 10 4 K
3k
3 3
8. K1  n1. kT1 and K 2  n2 . kT2
2 2
3
Total K.E K  k  n1T1  n2T2  ………………..(1)
2
Let T be the temperature of mixture,
3
Total K.E, K 1   n1  n2  . kT …………….(2)
2
1 n1T1  n2T2
K  K T 
n1  n2
9. Let mass of neon is x gm mass of argon=(28-x)g
Number of moles of neon,n1=x/20
Number of moles argon n2=(28-x)/40
V=0.5m3 , T=27+273=300K
RT
P  p1  p2   n1  n2 
V
 28  x  32  x  4 g , 28  x  24 g
Mass of neon=4g
Mass of argon=24g

10.
 The number of moles in each part remains same.
76  A  45 P Al
Chamber 1 :  …………………(1)
R  27  273  R  0  273 
76  A  45 P  A   90  l 
Chamber 2 :  …………………(2)
R  27  273 R 127  273
From (1) and (2) l= 36.5cm
11.

 R 
12. PV  nRT   nN A    T  NkT
 NA 
PV
N
kT
N P
13. PV=NkT ; 
V kT
1 mN 2 1 M 2
14. P  v  v rms  p  v 2 rms
3 V 3V
3RT
vrms   vrms  T 1/2
M0
1M 2 2K
15. P  v rms 
3V 3V
16.
 v12  v2 2  v32  v4 2 27
v2  
N 2
27
vrms  v 2  km / s
2
 RT
17. speed of sound vs  v 
M0
3RT v 
rms speed vrms  c  ; 
M0 c 3

3RT 3RT
18. vrms   M 0  2  2 g i.e gas is H2
M0 v rms
3RT 3R 2T
19. vrms  v  ; v1rms   2v
M0 M0
2
 vrms He  M 0  Ar 40
20.    3.16
 vrms  Ar  M 0 He 4

 vrms O  M 0 H 2 1
22. 2
 2
 
 vrms H 2
 M 0 O 2
32 4
3 3
23. Total transitional K .E  RT  pV
2 2

1
24. KE per degree of freedom = kT
2
nkT
For polyatomic gas, mean KE 
2

1
25. Mean free path  
2 d 2 n

1
26.  
P
When mean free path is doubled, pressure becomes half
27.
29. vrms  T at T=0K, vrms=0 , K.E=0

3RT
30. vrms   v 2rms  T
M0
The graph between v 2 rms v/s T is straight line, through origin.