NAME: CHINHENZVA TINAYE A

REG.NUMBER: R165932Q
LAB PRACTICAL: NO LOAD AND
LOAD EXTERNAL

CHARACTERISTICS OF DC GENERATOR
DEPARTMENT: AGRICULTURAL
ENGINEERING

COURSE: EE202
LECTURER: ENG RASHAYI
TITTLE: The no-load external characteristic of a separately excited DC generator.
AIM: To verify the no load and external characteristics of a separately excited DC generator.
1.1 No-load Characteristics
The no-load characteristics represses the relationship between the armature voltage VA and
the field current If that is VA =f (If) at a constant speed.
Normally for If = 0, due to a certain residual magnetization, there is small residual voltage on
the generator’s output terminals VA =(2-3)% of Vrated.
PROCEDURE:
(i) Initially the resistance of the measuring instruments was measured.
(ii) The DC generator was connected as shown in Fig 1. The generator was started
and until it reached its rated speed.
(iii) The field current was gradually increased from zero until it reached the rated
field current. Readings of If and the armature voltage VA were recorded.
(iv) The current was then gradually decreased and readings were taken again and
results were stored in Table 2
EXPERIMENTAL ARRANGMENT OF APPARATUS

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
Table 1
If (A) 0.18 0.38 0.62 1.04 1.68 2.00 2.20 2.40
VA (V) 24 56 88 118 136 143 147 150
Table 2
If (A) 2.40 2.10 1.84 1.65 1.42 1.09 0.74 0.42
VA (V) 150 144 142 138 133 122 104 72
 D.C GENERATOR
160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
As the field current is increased the armature voltage also increases but for greater values of
the field current the corresponding armature voltage increase gradually decreases in
magnitude as shown by the progressive decrease in the gradient.
On reversing the field current, the graph follow almost the same path.
During all the changes in field current, the rotor speed vary slightly, we can take it as
constant

EXTERNAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A SEPERATELY EXCITED DC

GENERATED
Procedure
(i) The generator was connected as shown in the diagram below.
(ii) The generator was then started until it reached 1410 rpm, its rated speed and the field
rheostat Rf was set to provide the rated field current.
(iii) By using a load resistor RL the armature current IA was increased until the rated
current was reached and the values of If and VA were recorded.
EXPERIMENTAL ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS

Table 3
IA (A) 0.7 1.2 3.3 4.3 6.1 7.6 9.2 9.9
VA (A) 144 141 138 136 132 128 126 124
 150

145

f(x) = - 2.08x + 144.62

140

135
Generated Voltage(V)

130

125

120

115

110
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Load Current (A)

The gradient of the graph is -2.0797 V/A

V −V '
Voltage Regulation = ∗100
V

= {
144 − 124
144 } ×100

= 13.9 %
ANALYSIS OF RESULTS
 As the armature current was increased the generated voltage magnitude decreased
linearly as shown in the graph above.
 And as the armature current increases, the rotor speed decreases and its torque
increases.
 The Voltage regulation value is too big, this is maybe due to error encountered during
the experiment.