CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

As a conclusion, these experiment were successfully conducted based on the purposed

given which is to carry out a saponification reaction between NaOH and Et(Ac) in plug flow
reactor, it also to determine the reaction rate constant and to determination the effect of
residence time on conversion in PFR According to the result of the experiment do support
hypothesis but due to a few experimental errors, the value obtained from the experiment is
different theoretical value. The result showed the reaction at 200 mL/min has the highest
conversion, % values which is 55.75% at the conductivity inlet is 12.52 mS/cm while outlet is
8.39 mS/cm and the average residence time is 3.663 min. Whereas at 300 mL/min, the
highest conversion was 46.98% at the lower outlet conductivity is 9.06 mS/cm and inlet
conductivity is 13.54 mS/cm while the average residence is 2.46 min. As can compare that
the 200 mL/min has a highest conversion than the 300 mL/min. Hence, this showed the lower
the flow rate that had increasing the values of conversion.

Based on the figure 2, the conversion, % against residence time, min were showed the
pattern is indirectly proportional which have fluctuation graph because that have some errors
of the flow rate. The flow rate does not constant because of the technical problems and the
solution not mixing well so will affect the readings. In addition, the result deduced that the
residence time does effect the conversion of the reaction as the period of the particles stays in
the reactor longer. Theoretically, the conversion will be higher and as the flow rate increase,
the rate constant and rate of reaction also increase. Comparing the result, the results have the
opposite readings value due to a few problem that have occurred.

Last but not least, the recommendation for this experiment is errors can never be
ignored when it comes to laboratory and need to resolve for avoidance it happening again.
First of all, during the filling the water to the vessel need in the small amount after that put
the chemical then top up to the desired volume. This will make the chemical mixing well and
get the accurate result. Next, make sure the both NaOH and Et(Ac) solutions overflow in
dosing vessel HB1 and HB2 into the feed vessels B1 and B2 before adjust the flow rate to
make the chemical is homogenous. Then, to avoid any inaccurate concentration of substances
used for this experiment, a conductivity test should be done to avoid it from implicating the
outlet concentration of the system. Lastly, the flow rates of both reactants should be given
most attention during the experiment because significant difference between both flow rates
will result in error of the outlet conductivity of NaOH.