"Dr. Y.N. RAO" Doctorynrao@yahoo - Co.in: Learn Sanskrit - Module-52

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in
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Dr. Y.N. RAO
.co
LEARN SANSKRIT--MODULE-52
o
ho
ivixil'œ’(THE POTENTIAL MOOD)
‘ivixil'œ
ya
³mz> - kramaçaù (Continued...)]
[³mz>
@
ao
1. In this Module, let us learn how to use the Potential Mood in Sanskrit
in Third Person besides its some other usages.
nr
pdpircy> (INTRODUCTION TO WORDS):
ry
2.
plm!(N.S.) =Second Ah>(N.S.)

Ah>
cto
= Day
palam ahaù
do
Ahn! idnm!(N.S.) = Day

ahan dinam
O"
idvs> (MS.) = Day vasr>(MS.)

vasr> = Day
RA
divasaù väsaraù
var>(MS.)
var> = Day kal>(M.S.)
kal> = Time
N.
väraù kälaù
vela(F.S.)
a = Time àat>kal>(M.S.)
àat>kal> = Morning
Y.
velä prätaùkälaù
r.
"D
1
N.B.: The ‘Singular’, ‘Dual’ and ‘Plural’ Forms of all the Words
.in
introduced in the previous Modules-2 to 40 PLUS Numbers in
Sanskrit and their related items introduced in the Modules-41 to 44;
.co
and Names of the Days of the Week and Words introduced in the
Modules-45 to 51 are given in the Annexure-‘A’ to ‘LEARN
SANSKRIT—MODULE-52.
o
ho
àwmpué;svRnamzBda>)
3.1. Pronouns of the Third Person(àwmpu amzBda>
ya
3.2. The Verb is formed by adding the following Suffixes of the
@
Potential Mood to the stem of the concerned Root Verb:
ao
$t! $tam! $yu>
ét étäm éyuù nr
ry
cto
3.3. The following are the Pronouns of the Third Person:

do
pui‘<ge (IN MASCULINE GENDER):
s>(M.S.)
s>
O"
= He(That) Distant Person(s)
taE(M.D.) = They two(Those two)

RA
te(M.P.) = They many(Those many)
@;>(M.S.)
@;> = He(This) Nearer Person(s)
N.
@taE(M.D.) = They two(These two)

Y.
@te(M.P.) = They many(These many)

r.
"D
2
Aym!(M.S.) = He(This) Nearer Person(s)
.in
#maE(M.D.) = They two(These two)
.co
#me(M.P.) = They many(These many)
o
ho
ôIil<ge (IN FEMININE GENDER):
ya
sa(F.S.)
sa = She(That) Distant Person(s)
@
te(F.D.) = They two(Those two)
ao
ta>(F.P.)
ta> = They many(Those many)
nr
ry
@;a(F.S.)
@;a = She(This) Nearer Person(s)
cto
@te(F.D.) = They two(These two)
@ta>(F.P.)
@ta> = They many(These many)
do
O"
#ym!(F.S.) = She(This) Nearer Person(s)
#me(F.D.) = They two(These two)

RA
#ma>(F.P.)
#ma> = They many(These many)
npu<skil<ge (IN NEUTER GENDER):

N.
tt!(N.S.) = It(That) Distant Object(s)

Y.
te(N.D.) = They two(Those two)

r.
tain(N.P.)
tain
"D
= They many(Those many)
3
.in
.co
@tt!(N.S.) = It(This) Nearer Object(s)
o
@te(N.D.) = They two(These two)
ho
@tain(N.P.)
@tain = They many(These many)
ya
@
#dm!(N.S.) = It(This) Nearer Object(s)
ao
#me(N.D.) = They two(These two)
#main(N.P.)
#main = They many(These many) nr
ry
cto
3.4. i³ya>(VERBS)
i³ya> - àwmpué;> (THIRD PERSON) - In Potential Mood:
do
xatu> @kvcne iÖvcne

iÖvcne b÷vcn
Root Verb In Singular In Dual In Plural
O"
Number Number Number

s>(M.S.)=He(That)
s> taE(M.D.)=They(Those)two te(M.P.)=They(Those)many
RA
@;>(M.S.)=He(This)
@;> @taE(M.D.)=They(These)two @te(M.P.)=They(These)many
Aym!(M.S.)=He(This) #maE(M.D.)=They(These)two #me(M.P.)=They(These)many
sa(F.S.)=She(That)
sa te(F.D.)=They(Those)two ta>(F.P.)=They(Those)many
ta>
@;a(F.S.)=She(This)
@;a @te(F.D.)=They(These)two @ta>(F.P.)=They(These)many
@ta>
N.
#ym!(F.S.)=She(This) #me(F.D.)=They(These)two #ma>(F.P.)=They(These)many

#ma>
tt!(N.S.)=It(That) te(N.D..)=They(Those)two tain(N.P.)=They(Those)many

tain
Y.
@tt! (N.S.)=It(This) @te(N.D..)=They(These)two @tain(N.P.)=They(These)many

@tain
#dm!(N.S.)=It(This) #me(N.D..)=They(These)two #main(N.P.)=They(These)many

#main
r.
Aqœ = to wander Aqet! Aqetam! Aqeyu>

"D
4
At! = to go Atet! Atetam! Ateyu>
.in
constantly
.co
AnuÉv! = to AnuÉvet! AnuÉvetam! AnuÉveyu>
feel/experience
o
Anus&/Anusrœ = to Anusret! Anusretam! Anusreyu>
ho
follow
ya
Ac!R = to worship AceRt! AceRtam! AceRyu>
@
Aj!R = to earn AjeRt! AjeRtam! AjeRyu>
ao
AhœR = to worship AheRt! AheRtam! AheRyu>
Avéhœ/Avraehœ = to Avraehet! nr
Avraehetam! Avraeheyu>
ry
climb down
As! = to be Syat! Syatam! Syu>
cto
Aa+gm!
Aa gm!(gCDœ) / AagCDet! AagCDetam! AagCDeyu>
do
AagCD œ= to come
O"
AajRy! = to AajRyet! AajRyetam! AajRyeyu>

earn/acquire
RA
Aa+nI
Aa nI(ny!
nI ny!)/Aany!
Aany! = Aanyet! Aanyetam! Aanyeyu>
to bring
N.
Aaéhœ/Aaraehœ = to Aaraehet! Aaraehetam! Aaraeheyu>

climb up
Y.
Aa+þe
Aa þee/Aaþy! = to Aaþyet! Aaþyetam! Aaþyeyu>
r.
call
"D
#;!/#CDœ = to #CDet! #CDetam! #CDeyu>
5
wish/want
.in
%TSwa/%iÄóœ
%TSwa %iÄóœ = to %iÄóet! %iÄóetam! %iÄóeyu>
.co
stand/get
up/wake-up
%Twa/%Twapy!
%Twa %Twapy! = to %Twapyet! %Twapyetam! %Twapyeyu>
o
ho
lift
ya
%˜qœ/%ãqy! = to %ãqyet! %ãqyetam! %ãqyeyu>
@
open
%p+ivz!
%p ivz!/%pivz! = %pivzet! %pivzetam! %pivzeyu>
ao
to sit
%phœ/%phrœ = to %phret! nr
%phretam! %phreyu>
ry
offer/give
kw!/kwy! = to tell kwyet! kwyetam! kwyeyu>
cto
k'œ]!/ka'œ]! = to ka'œ]et! ka'œ]etam! ka'œ]eyu>

do
wish
k…p!/k…Py! = to get k…Pyet! k…Pyetam! k…Pyeyu>
O"
angry
RA
kªj! = to kªjet! kªjetam! kªjeyu>

chirp/hum
k«/krœ = to do k…yaRt! k…yaRtam! k…yuR>
N.
k«;!/k;!R = to k;eRt! k;eRtam! k;eRyu>

Y.
attract/pull
³Ndœ = to ³Ndet! ³Ndetam! ³Ndeyu>
r.
"D
weep/cry
6
³I/³I[!
³I ³I[! = to buy ³I[Iyat!
³I[Iyat! ³I[Iyatam! ³I[Iyu>
.in
³Ifœ = to play ³Ifet! ³Ifetam! ³Ifeyu>
.co
i]p! = to throw i]pet! i]petam! i]peyu>
o
on! = to dig onet! onetam! oneyu>
ho
oadœ = to eat oadet! oadetam! oadeyu>
ya
oel! = to play oele
lt e ! oeletam! oeleyu>
@
g[!/g[y! = to g[yet! g[yetam! g[yeyu>
ao
count
gdœ = to speak gdet!
nr
gdetam! gdeyu>
ry
gm!/gCDœ = to go gCDet! gCDetam! gCDeyu>
cto
gj!R = to roar gjeRt! gjeRtam! gjeRyu>
g&hœ/g&þ‰ = to take g&þIyat! g&þIyatam! g&þIyu>

do
gE/gay! = to sing gayet! gayetam! gayeyu>

O"
¢hœ/g&Ÿ‰œ = to g&ŸIyat! g&ŸIyatam! g&ŸIyu>

RA
accept/ take/
receive/
accommodate
N.
"&;!/";!R = to rub ";eRt! ";eRtam! ";eRyu>
ºa/ijº!
ºa ijº! = to smell ijºet! ijºetam! ijºeyu>
Y.
crœ = to go/move cret! cretam! creyu>

r.
cv!R/cvRy! = to chew cvRyet! cvRyetam! cvRyeyu>

"D
7
cl! = to walk clet! cletam! cleyu>
.in
icNt!/icNty! = to icNtyet! icNtyetam! icNtyeyu>
.co
think
ict!/cet! = To cetet! cetetam! ceteyu>
o
ho
understand
curœ/caery! = to caeryet! caeryetam! caeryeyu>
ya
steal
@
jn!/jny! = to jnyet! jnyetam! jnyeyu>
ao
create
jp! = to mutter jpet! jpetam! jpeyu>
ij/jy!
ij jy! = to jyet!
nr
jyetam! jyeyu>
ry
conquer
cto
Jvl! = to burn Jvlet! Jvletam! Jvleyu>

do
}a/ja
}a ja/jan!
ja jan! = to janIyat! janIyatam! janIyu>
know
O"
jIv! = to live jIvet! jIvetam! jIveyu>
tfœ/tafy! = to tafyet! tafyetam! tafyeyu>

RA
strike/beat
tp! = to heat tpet! tpetam! tpeyu>
N.
t&;!/t&:y!
y! = to t&:yet! t&:yetam! t&:yeyu>
Y.
become thirsty
t¨/trœ = to tret! tretam! treyu>
r.
"D
cross/overcome
8
taedœ/tudœ = To tudet! tudetam! tudeyu>
.in
hit/push
.co
Tyj! = to give Tyjet! Tyjetam! Tyjeyu>
up/let go
o
d<z! /dz!
dz! = to bite dzet! dzetam! dzeyu>
ho
dhœ = to burn dhet! dhetam! dheyu>
ya
†z!/dz!R/ pZy! = to pZyet! pZyetam! pZyeyu>
@
see
ao
Ôúy! = to see Ôúyet! Ôúyetam! Ôúyeyu>
da/ddœ
da ddœ = to give d*at! nr
d*atam! d*u>
ry
da/yCDœ
da yCDœ= to give yCDet! yCDetam! yCDeyu>
cto
xav! = to run xavet! xavetam! xaveyu>
x&/xrœ = to hold xret! xretam! xreyu>

do
x&/
= to wear xaryet! xaryetam! xaryeyu>
O"
XyE/ = to Xyayet! Xyayetam! Xyayeyu>

RA
meditate
nNdœ = to be nNdet! nNdetam! nNdeyu>
glad/rejoice
N.
ndœ = to sound ndet! ndetam! ndeyu>

Y.
nm! = to nmet! nmetam! nmeyu>

r.
salute/bow
"D
inNdœ = to inNdet! inNdetam! inNdeyu>
9
condemn/blame
.in
ingRm!/ingRCDœ = to ingRCDet! ingRCDetam! ingRCDeyu>
.co
come out
inÔa/inÔ‰
inÔa inÔ‰ = to sleep inÔet! inÔetam! inÔeyu>
o
invs! = to live invset! invsetam! invse
invseyu>
ho
inóIv! = to spit inóIvet! inóIvetam! inóIveyu>
ya
inSs&/inSsrœ = to inSsret! inSsretam! inSsreyu>
@
come out
ao
nI/ny!
nI ny! = to take/ nyet! nyetam! nyeyu>
take away/lead
n&t!/n&Ty!= to dance n&Tyet!
nr
n&Tyetam! n&Tyeyu>
ry
pc! = to cook pcet! pcetam! pceyu>
cto
pQœ = to read/study pQet! pQetam! pQeyu>

do
pt! = to fall ptet! ptetam! pteyu>

O"
pa/ipb!
pa ipb! = to drink ipbet! ipbetam! ipbeyu>
pUj!/pUjy! = to pUjyet! pUjyetam! pUjyeyu>

RA
worship
à]l!/à]aly! = to à]alyet! à]alyetam! à]alyeyu>
N.
wash/clean
Y.
àCDœ/p&CDœ = to ask p&CDet! p&CDetam! p&CDeyu>
àit+Aa
àit Aa+gm!
Aa gm!(gCDœ)/ àTyagCDet! àTyagCDetam! àTyagCDeyu>
r.
"D
àTyagCDœ = to
10
return
.in
àit+gm!
àit gm!(gCDœ)/ àitgCDe
àitgCDet! àitgCDetam! àitgCDeyu>
.co
àitgCDœ = to go
towards/go unto
o
à[m! = to salute à[met! à[metam! à[meyu>
ho
àvhœ = to flow àvhet! àvhetam! àvheyu>
ya
àe;! = to send àe;et! àe;etam! àe;eyu>
@
bux!/baex! = to baexet! baexetam! baexeyu>
ao
understand
É]!/É]y!
É]y! = to eat É]yet! nr
É]yetam! É]yeyu>
ry
Éj! = to worship Éjet! Éjetam! Éjeyu>
cto
ÉU/Év! = to be Évet! Évetam! Éveyu>
É&/Érœ = To fill Éret! Éretam! Éreyu>

do
æm! = to roam æmet! æmetam! æmeyu>

O"
mSj!/m¾!
m¾! = to take m¾et! m¾etam! m¾eyu>
RA
a bath
iml! = to meet imlet! imletam! imleyu>
muCDœR/mUCDœR = to mUCDeRt! mUCDeRtam! mUCDeRyu>

N.
faint
Y.
maehœ/muý! = to muýet! muýetam! muýeyu

y>u
r.
become confused
"D
yj! = to worship yjet! yjetam! yjeyu>
11
ya/yapy!
ya yapy! = to yapyet! yapyetam! yapyeyu>
.in
waste
.co
r]! = to r]et! r]etam! r]eyu>
save/protect
o
rc!/
= to rcyet! rcyetam! rcyeyu>
ho
make
ya
rs!/rsy! = to taste rsyet! rsyetam! rsyeyu>
@
éhœ/raehœ = to grow raehet! raehetam! raeheyu>
ao
ilo! = to write iloet! iloetam! iloeyu>
vdœ = to speak vdet! nr

vdetam! vdeyu>
ry
vp! = to sow vpet! vpetam! vpeyu>
cto
vs! = to live vset! vsetam! vseyu>
vhœ = to flow vhet! vhetam! vheyu>

do
ìj! = to go ìjet! ìjetam! ìjeyu>

O"
vaÁDœ = to wish vaÁDet! vaÁDetam! vaÁDeyu>

RA
ivks! = to blossom ivkset! ivksetam! ivkseyu>
ivz! = to enter ivzet! ivzetam! ivzeyu>

N.
z<s! = to praise z<set! z<setam! z<seyu>

Y.
zkœ/z²œ
z²= to be z²…yat! z²…yatam! z²…yu>
possible
r.
zuc!/zaec! = to zaecet! zaecetam! zaeceyu>

"D
12
suffer/grieve
.in
ïu/z&/z&[! = to z&[uyat! z&[uyatam! z&[uyu>
.co
hear/listen to
sdœ/sIdœ = to sit sIdet! \ sIdetam! sIdeyu>
o
sax!/saxy! = to saxyet! saxyetam! saxyeyu>
ho
accomplish
ya
Swa/itóœ
Swa itóœ = to itóet! itóetam! itóeyu>
@
stand/stay/wait
Swa/Swapy!
Swa Swapy! = to Swapyet! Swapyetam! Swapyeyu>
ao
put/keep
õa = to take a bath õayat! nr
õayatam! õayu>
ry
isx!/sex! = to go sexet! sexetam!
tam! sexeyu>
cto
sUc!/sUcy! = to sUcyet! sUcyetam! sUcyeyu>

inform
do
s&/srœ = to move sret! sretam! sreyu>

O"
s&j! = to create s&jet! s&jetam! s&jeyu>
Sp&z! = to touch Sp&zet! Sp&zetam! Sp&zeyu>

RA
Sm&/Smrœ = to Smret! Smretam! Smreyu>

N.
remember
SvIk«/ः
= to SvIk…yaRt! SvIk…yaRtam! SvIk…yuR>
Y.
accept
öu/öv! = to övet! övetam! öveyu>
r.
"D
ooze/leak
13
hs! = to laugh hset! hsetam! hseyu>
.in
ù/hrœ
hrœ = to steal hret! hretam! hreyu>
o .co
ho
ya
4. vaKyàyaeg> - väkyaprayogaù (SYNTAX):
@
àwmpué;e = (IN THIRD PERSON):
ao
prathamapuruñe = (IN THIRD PERSON):
nr
s> iz]k> Évet!, = He(That) may become a teacher(M).
ry
saù çikñakaù bhavet
cto
@;> iz]k> Évet!, = He(This) may become a teacher(M).

eñaù çikñakaù bhavet
do
Ay< iz]k> Évet!, = He(This) may become a teacher(M).

O"
ayaà çikñakaù bhavet

RA
taE iz]kaE Évetam!, = They(Those) two may become two teachers(M).

tau çikñakau bhavetäm
@taE iz]kaE Évetam!, = They(These)two may become two teachers(M).
N.
etau çikñakau bhavetäm

Y.
#maE iz]kaE Évetam!, = They(These)two may become two teachers(M).

r.
imau çikñakau bhavetäm

"D
14
.in
te iz]ka> Éveyu>, = They(Those)(many) may become (many) teachers(M).
.co
te çikñakäù bhaveyuù
@te iz]ka> Éveyu>,=They(These)(many)
,
o
may become (many) teachers(M).
ho
ete çikñakäù bhaveyuù
#me iz]ka>
iz]ka> Éveyu>,=They(These)(many)
,
ya
may become (many) teachers(M).
ime çikñakäù bhaveyuù
@
sa izi]ka Évet!, = She(That) may become a teacher(F).
ao
sä çikñikä bhavet
nr
@;a izi]ka Évet!, = She(This) may become a teacher(F).
ry
eñä çikñikä bhavet
#y< izi]ka Évet!, = She(This) may become a teacher(F).
cto
iyaà çikñikä bhavet

do
te izi]ke Évetam!, = They(Those)two may become two teachers(F).

O"
te çikñike bhavetäm
@te izi]ke Évetam!, = They(These)two may become two teachers(F).
RA
ete çikñike bhavetäm

#me izi]ke Évetam!, = They(These)two may become two teachers(F).
N.
ime çikñike bhavetäm

Y.
r.
"D
15
ta> izi]ka> Éveyu>,=They(Those)(many)
, may become (many) teachers(F).
.in
täù çikñikäù bhaveyuù
.co
@ta> izi]ka> Éveyu>,=They(These)(many)
etäù çikñikäù bhaveyuù
o
ho
#ma> izi]ka> Éveyu>,=They(These)(many)
imäù çikñikäù bhaveyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
tt! bIj< v&]> Évet!, = That seed may become a tree.
ry
tat béjaà våukñaù bhavet
@tt! bIj< v&]> Évet!, = This seed may become a tree.
cto
etat béjaà våukñaù bhavet

do
#dm! bIj< v&]> Évet!, = This seed may become a tree.

idam béjaà våukñaù bhavet
O"
te bIje v&]aE Évetam!, = Those two seeds may become two trees.
RA
te béje våukñau bhavetäm

@te bIje v&]aE Évetam!, = These two seeds may become two trees.
N.
ete béje våukñau bhavetäm

Y.
#me bIje v&]aE Évetam!, = These two seeds may become two trees.
ime béje våukñau bhavetäm
r.
"D
16
tain bIjain v&]a> Éveyu>, = Those(many) seeds may become (many) trees.
.in
täni béjäni våukñäù bhaveyuù
.co
@tain bIjain v&]a> Éveyu>, = These(many) seeds may become (many) trees.
etäni béjäni våukñäù bhaveyuù
o
ho
#main bIjain v&]a> Éveyu>, = These(many) seeds may become (many) trees.
imäni béjäni våukñäù bhaveyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
s> Aaè)l< oadet!, = He(That) may eat a mango fruit.
ry
saù ämraphalaà khädet
@;> Aaè)l< oadet!, = He(This) may eat a mango fruit.
cto
eñaù ämraphalaà khädet

do
Ay< Aaè)l< oadet!, = He(This) may eat a mango fruit.

ayam ämraphalaà khädet
O"
taE Aaè)l< oadetam!, = They(Those) two(M) may eat a mango fruit.

RA
tau ämraphalaà khädetäm

@taE Aaè)l< oadetam!, = They(These) two(M) may eat a mango fruit.
N.
etau ämraphalaà khädetäm

Y.
#maE Aaè)l< oadetam!, = They(These) two(M) may eat a mango fruit.

imau ämraphalaà khädetäm
r.
"D
17
te Aaè)l< oadeyu>, = They(Those) (many)(M) may eat a mango fruit.
.in
te ämraphalaà khädeyuù
.co
@te Aaè)l< oadeyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may eat a mango fruit.
ete ämraphalaà khädeyuù
o
ho
#me Aaè)l< oadeyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may eat a mango fruit.
ime ämraphalaà khädeyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
sa Aaè)l< oadet!, = She(That) may eat a mango fruit.
ry
sä ämraphalaà khädet
@;a Aaè)l< oadet!, = She(This) may eat a mango fruit.
cto
eñä ämraphalaà khädet

do
#y< Aaè)l< oadet!, = She(This) may eat a mango fruit.

iyam ämraphalaà khädet
O"
te Aaè)l< oadetam!, = They(Those) two(F) may eat a mango fruit.

RA
te ämraphalaà khädetäm
@te Aaè)l< oadetam!, = They(These) two(F) may eat a mango fruit.
N.
ete ämraphalaà khädetäm

Y.
#me Aaè)l< oadetam!, = They(These) two(F) may eat a mango fruit.

ime ämraphalaà khädetäm
r.
"D
18
ta> Aaè)l< oadeyu>, = They(Those) (many)(F) may eat a mango fruit.
.in
täù ämraphalaà khädeyuù
.co
@ta> Aaè)l< oadeyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may eat a mango fruit.
etäù ämraphalaà khädeyuù
o
ho
#ma> Aaè)l< oadeyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may eat a mango fruit.
imäù ämraphalaà khädeyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
s> ivdez< gCDet!, = He(That) may go to a foreign country.
ry
saù videçaà gacchet
@;> ivdez< gCDet!, = He(This) may go to a foreign country.
cto
eñaù videçaà gacchet

do
Ay< ivdez< gCDet!, = He(This) may go to a foreign country.

ayaà videçaà gacchet
O"
taE ivdez< gCDetam!, = They(Those) two(M) may go to a foreign country.

RA
tau videçaà gacchetäm

@taE ivdez< gCDetam!, = They(These) two(M) may go to a foreign country.
N.
etau videçaà gacchetäm

Y.
#maE ivdez< gCDetam!, = They(These) two(M) may go to a foreign country.

imau videçaà gacchetäm
r.
"D
19
te ivdez< gCDeyu>, = They(Those) (many)(M) may go to a foreign country.
.in
te videçaà gaccheyuù
.co
@te ivdez< gCDeyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may go to a foreign country.
ete videçaà gaccheyuù
o
ho
#me ivdez< gCDeyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may go to a foreign country.
ime videçaà gaccheyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
sa ivdez< gCDet!, = She(That) may go to a foreign country.
ry
sä videçaà gacchet
@;a ivde
ivdez< gCDet!, = She(This) may go to a foreign country.
cto
eñä videçaà gacchet

do
#y< ivdez< gCDet!, = She(This) may go to a foreign country.

iyaà videçaà gacchet
O"
te ivdez< gCDetam!, = They(Those) two(F) may go to a foreign country.

RA
te videçaà gacchetäm
@te ivdez< gCDetam!, = They(These) two(F) may go to a foreign country.
N.
ete videçaà gacchetäm

Y.
#me ivdez< gCDetam!, = They(These) two(F) may go to a foreign country.

ime videçaà gacchetäm
r.
"D
20
ta> ivdez< gCDeyu>, = They(Those) (many)(F) may go to a foreign country.
.in
täù videçaà gaccheyuù
.co
@ta> ivdez< gCDeyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may go to a foreign country.
etäù videçaà gaccheyuù
o
ho
#ma> ivdez< gCDeyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may go to a foreign country.
imäù videçaà gaccheyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
s> devm! AceRt!, = He(That) may worship the God.
ry
saù devam arcet
@;> devm! AceRt!, = He(This) may worship the God.
cto
eñaù devam arcet

do
Ay< devm! AceRt!, = He(This) may worship the God.

ayaà devam arcet
O"
taE devm! AceRtam!, = They(Those) two(M) may worship the God.

RA
tau devam arcetäm

@taE devm! AceRtam!
am!, = They(These) two(M) may worship the God.
N.
etau devam arcetäm

Y.
#maE devm! AceRtam!, = They(These) two(M) may worship the God.

imau devam arcetäm
r.
"D
21
te devm! AceRyu>, = They(Those) (many)(M) may worship the God.
.in
te devam arceyuù
.co
@te devm! AceRyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may worship the God.
ete devam arceyuù
o
ho
#me devm! AceRyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may worship the God.
ime devam arceyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
sa devm! AceRt!, = She(That) may worship the God.
ry
sä devam arcet
@;a devm! AceRt!, = She(This) may worship the God.
cto
eñä devam arcet

do
#y< devm! AceRt!, = She(This) may worship the God.

iyaà devam arcet
O"
te devm! AceRtam!, = They(Those) two(F) may worship the God.

RA
te devam arcetäm
@te devm! AceRtam!, = They(These) two(F) may worship the God.
N.
ete devam arcetäm

Y.
#me devm! AceRtam!, = They(These) two(F) may worship the God.

ime devam arcetäm
r.
"D
22
ta> devm! AceRyu>, = They(Those) (many)(F) may worship the God.
.in
täù devam arceyuù
.co
@ta> devm! AceRyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may worship the God.
etäù devam arceyuù
o
ho
#ma> devm! AceRyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may worship the God.
imäù devam arceyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
s> ñ> dehlIt> AagCDet!, = He(That) may come from Delhi tomorrow.
ry
saù çvaù dehalétaù ägacchet
cto
@;> ñ> dehlIt> AagCDet!, = He(This) may come from Delhi tomorrow.
do
eñaù çvaù dehalétaù ägacchet

Ay< ñ> dehlIt> AagCDet!, = He(This) may come from Delhi tomorrow.
O"
ayaà çvaù dehalétaù ägacchet

RA
taE ñ> dehlIt> AagCDetam!, = They(Those) two(M) may come from Delhi tau
çvaù dehalétaù ägacchetäm [tomorrow.
N.
@taE ñ> de
dehlIt> AagCDetam!, = They(These) two(M) may come from Delhi
Y.
etau çvaù dehalétaù ägacchetäm [tomorrow.

#maE ñ> dehlIt> AagCDetam!, = They(These) two(M) may come from Delhi
r.
imau çvaù dehalétaù ägacchetäm [tomorrow.

"D
23
.in
te ñ> dehlIt> AagCDeyu>, = They(Those) (many)(M) may come from Delhi
.co
te çvaù dehalétaù ägaccheyuù [tomorrow.
@te ñ> dehlIt> AagCDeyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may come from Delhi.
o
ete çvaù dehalétaù ägaccheyuù [tomorrow.
ho
#me ñ> dehlIt> AagCDeyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may come from Delhi
ya
ime çvaù dehalétaù ägaccheyuù [tomorrow.
@
ao
nr
sa ñ> dehlIt> AagCDet!, = She(That) may come from Delhi tomorrow.
ry
sä çvaù dehalétaù ägacchet
@;a ñ> dehlIt> AagCDet!, = She(This) may come from Delhi tomorrow.
cto
eñä çvaù dehalétaù ägacchet

do
#y< ñ> dehlIt> AagCDet!, = She(This) may come from Delhi tomorrow.
iyaà çvaù dehalétaù ägacchet
O"
RA
te ñ> dehlIt> AagCDetam!, = They(Those) two(F) may come from Delhi

te çvaù dehalétaù ägacchetäm [tomorrow.
N.
@te ñ> dehlIt> AagCDetam!, = They(These) two(F) may come from Delhi
Y.
ete çvaù dehalétaù ägacchetäm [tomorrow.

#me ñ> dehlIt> AagCDetam!, = They(These) two(F) may come from Delhi ime
r.
çvaù dehalétaù ägacchetäm [tomorrow.

"D
24
ta> ñ> dehlIt> AagCDeyu>, = They(Those) (many)(F) may come from Delhi
.in
täù çvaù dehalétaù ägaccheyuù [tomorrow.
.co
@ta> ñ> dehlIt> AagCDeyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may come from Delhi
etäù çvaù dehalétaù ägaccheyuù [tomorrow.
o
ho
#ma> ñ> dehlIt> AagCDeyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may come from Delhi
imäù çvaù dehalétaù ägaccheyuù [tomorrow.
ya
@
ao
s> A* kayaRly< n gCDet!, = He(That) may not go to the office today.
saù adya käryälayaà na gacchet nr
ry
@;> A* kayaR
kayaRly< n gCDet!, = He(This) may not go to the office today.
cto
eñaù adya käryälayaà na gacchet

Ay< A* kayaRly< n gCDet!, = He(This) may not go to the office today.
do
ayam adya käryälayaà na gacchet

O"
taE A* kayaRly< n gCDetam!,=They(Those) two(M) may not go to the office

RA
tau adya käryälayaà na gacchetäm [today.

@taE A* kayaRly< n gCDetam!,=They(These) two(M) may not go to the office
N.
etau adya käryälayaà na gacchetäm [today.

#maE A* kayaRly< n gCDetam!,=They(These) two(M) may not go to the office
Y.
imau adya käryälayaà na gacchetäm [today.

r.
"D
25
te A* kayaRly< n gCDeyu>,=They(Those)
, (many)(M) may not go to the office
.in
te adya käryälayaà na gaccheyuù [today.
.co
@te A* kayaRly< n gCDeyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may not go to the office
ete adya käryälayaà na gaccheyuù [today.
o
ho
#me A* kayaRly< n gCDeyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may not go to the office
ime adya käryälayaà na gaccheyuù [today.
ya
@
ao
nr
sa A* kayaRly< n gCDet!, = She(That) may not go to the office today.
ry
sä adya käryälayaà na gacchet
@;a A* kayaRly< n gCDet!, = She(This) may not go to the office today.
cto
eñä adya käryälayaà na gacchet

do
#y< A* kayaRly< n gCDet!, = She(This) may not go to the office today.

iyam adya käryälayaà na gacchet
O"
te A* kayaRly< n gCDetam!, = They(Those) two(F) may not go to the office

RA
te adya käryälayaà na gacchetäm [today.

@te A* kayaRly< n gCDetam!, = They(These) two(F) may not go to the office
N.
ete adya käryälayaà na gacchetäm [today.

Y.
#me A* kayaRly< n gCDetam!, = They(These) two(F) may not go to the office

ime adya käryälayaà na gacchetäm [today.
r.
"D
26
ta> A* kayaRly< n gCDeyu>,=They(Those)
, (many)(F) may not go to the office
.in
täù adya käryälayaà na gaccheyuù [today.
.co
@ta> A* kayaRly< n gCDeyu>,=They(These)
etäù adya käryälayaà na gaccheyuù [today.
o
ho
#ma> A* kayaRly< n gCDeyu>,=They(These)
imäù adya käryälayaà na gaccheyuù [today.
ya
@
ao
nr
s> A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyet!, = He(That) may see a film today in the
ry
saù adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyet [evening.
@;> A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyet!, = He(This) may see a film today in the
cto
eñaù adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyet [evening.

do
Ay< A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyet!, = He(This) may see a film today in the
ayam adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyet [evening.
O"
taE A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyetam!,=They(Those) two(M) may see a film today

RA
tau adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyetäm [in the evening.

@taE A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyetam!,=They(These) two(M) may see a film today
N.
etau adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyetäm [in the evening.

Y.
#maE A* say»ale clicÇ<

clicÇ< pZyetam!,=They(These) two(M) may see a film today
imau adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyetäm [in the evening.
r.
"D
27
te A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyeyu>,=They(Those)(many)(M)
, may see a film today
.in
te adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyeyuù [in the evening.
.co
@te A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyeyu>,=They(These)(many)(M)
ete adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyeyuù [in the evening.
o
ho
#me A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyeyu>,=They(These)(many)(M)
ime adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyeyuù [in the evening.
ya
@
ao
nr
sa A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyet!, = She(That) may see a film today in the
ry
sä adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyet [evening.
@;a A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyet!, = She(This) may see a film today in the
cto
eñä adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyet [evening.

do
#y< A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyet!, = She(This) may see a film today in the
iyam adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyet [evening.
O"
te A* say»ale
say»ale clicÇ< pZyetam!,=They(Those) two(F) may see a film today in
RA
te adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyetäm [the evening.

@te A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyetam!,=They(These) two(F) may see a film today in
N.
ete adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyetäm [the evening.

Y.
#me A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyetam!,=They(These) two(F) may see a film today in

ime adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyetäm [the evening.
r.
"D
28
ta> A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyeyu>,=They(Those)(many)(F)
.in
täù adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyeyuù [in the evening.
.co
@ta> A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyeyu>,=They(These)(many)(F)
etäù adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyeyuù [in the evening.
o
ho
#ma> A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyeyu>,=They(These)(many)(F)
imäù adya säyaìkäle calacitraà paçyeyuù [in the evening.
ya
@
ao
nr
s> pvRtm! Aaraehet!, = He(That) may climb up the mountain.
ry
saù parvatam ärohet
cto
@;> pvRtm! Aaraehet!, = He(This) may climb up the mountain.

do
eñaù parvatam ärohet

Ay< pvRtm! Aaraehet!, = He(This) may climb up the mountain.
O"
ayaà parvatam ärohet

RA
taE pvRtm! Aaraehetam!, = They(Those) two(M) may climb up the mountain.

tau parvatam ärohetäm
N.
@taE pvRtm! Aaraehetam!, = They(These) two(M) may climb up the mountain.

Y.
etau parvatam ärohetäm

#maE pvRtm! Aaraehetam!, = They(These) two(M) may climb up the mountain.
r.
imau parvatam ärohetäm

"D
29
te pvRtm! Aaraeheyu>, = They(Those) (many)(M) may climb up the mountain.
.in
te parvatam äroheyuù
.co
@te pvRtm! Aaraeheyu>,=They(These)
, (many)(M) may climb up the mountain.
ete parvatam äroheyuù
o
ho
#me pvRtm! Aaraeheyu>,=They(These)
, (many)(M) may climb up the mountain.
ime parvatam äroheyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
sa pvRtm! Aaraehet!, = She(That) may climb up the mountain.
ry
sä parvatam ärohet
@;a pvRtm! Aaraehet!, = She(This) may climb up the mountain.
cto
eñä parvatam ärohet

do
#y< pvRtm! Aaraehet!, = She(This) may climb up the mountain.

iyaà parvatam ärohet
O"
te pvRtm! Aaraehetam!, = They(Those) two(F) may climb up the mountain.

RA
te parvatam ärohetäm
@te pvRtm! Aaraehetam!, = They(These) two(F) may climb up the mountain.
N.
ete parvatam ärohetäm

Y.
#me pvRtm! Aaraehetam!, = They(These) two(F) may climb up the mountain.

ime parvatam ärohetäm
r.
"D
30
ta> pvRtm! Aaraeheyu>, = They(Those) (many)(F) may climb up the mountain.
.in
täù parvatam äroheyuù
.co
@ta> pvRtm! Aaraeheyu>,=They(These)
, (many)(F) may climb up the mountain.
etäù parvatam äroheyuù
o
ho
#ma> pvRtm! Aaraeheyu>,=They(These)
, (many)(F) may climb up the mountain.
imäù parvatam äroheyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
s> kwa< kwyet!, = He(That) may tell the story.
ry
saù kathäà kathayet
@;> kwa< kwyet!, = He(This) may tell the story.
cto
eñaù kathäà kathayet

do
Ay< kwa< kwyet!, = He(This) may tell the story.

ayaà kathäà kathayet
O"
taE kwa< kwyetam!, = They(Those) two(M) may tell the story.

RA
tau kathäà kathayetäm

@taE kwa< kwye
kwyetam!, = They(These) two(M) may tell the story.
N.
etau kathäà kathayetäm

Y.
#maE kwa< kwyetam!, = They(These) two(M) may tell the story.

imau kathäà kathayetäm
r.
"D
31
te kwa< kwyeyu>, = They(Those) (many)(M) may tell the story.
.in
te kathäà kathayeyuù
.co
@te kwa< kwyeyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may tell the story.
ete kathäà kathayeyuù
o
ho
#me kwa< kwyeyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may tell the story.
ime kathäà kathayeyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
sa kwa< kwyet!, = She(That) may tell the story.
ry
sä kathäà kathayet| = She(That) may tell the story.
@;a kwa< kwyet!, = She(This) may tell the story.
cto
eñä kathäà kathayet| = She(This) may tell the story.

do
#y< kwa< kwyet!, = She(This) may tell the story.

iyaà kathäà kathayet| = She(This) may tell the story.
O"
te kwa< kwyetam!, = They(Those) two(F) may tell the story.

RA
te kathäà kathayetäm
@te kwa< kwyetam!, = They(These) two(F) may tell the story.
N.
ete kathäà kathayetäm

Y.
#me kwa< kwyetam!, = They(These) two(F) may tell the story.

ime kathäà kathayetäm
r.
"D
32
ta> kwa< kwyeyu>, = They(Those) (many)(F) may tell the story.
.in
täù kathäà kathayeyuù
.co
@ta> kwa< kwyeyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may tell the story.
etäù kathäà kathayeyuù
o
ho
#ma> kwa< kwyeyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may tell the story.
imäù kathäà kathayeyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
s> vô< ³I[Iyat! = He(That) may buy the cloth.
ry
saù vastraà kréëéyät = He(That) may buy the cloth.
@;> vô< ³I[Iyat! = He(This) may buy the cloth.
cto
eñaù vastraà kréëéyät = He(This) may buy the cloth.

do
Ay< vô< ³I[Iyat! = He(This) may buy the cloth.

ayaà vastraà kréëéyät = He(This) may buy the cloth.
O"
taE vô< ³I[Iyatam!, = They(Those) two(M) may buy the cloth.

RA
tau vastraà kréëéyätäm

@taE vô< ³I[Iyatam!, = They(These) two(M) may buy the cloth.
N.
etau vastraà kréëéyätäm

Y.
#maE vô< ³I[Iyatam!, = They(These) two(M) may buy the cloth.

imau vastraà kréëéyätäm
r.
"D
33
te vô< ³I[Iyu>, = They(Those) (many)(M) may buy the cloth.
.in
te vastraà kréëéyuù
.co
@te vô< ³I[Iyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may buy the cloth.
ete vastraà kréëéyuù
o
ho
#me vô< ³I[Iyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may buy the cloth.
ime vastraà kréëéyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
sa vô< ³I[Iyat! = She(That) may buy the cloth.
ry
sä vastraà kréëéyät
@;a vô< ³I[Iyat! = She(This) may buy the cloth.
cto
eñä vastraà kréëéyät

do
#y< vô< ³I[Iyat! = She(This) may buy the cloth.

iyaà vastraà kréëéyät
O"
te vô< ³I[Iyatam!, = They(Those) two(F) may buy the cloth.

RA
te vastraà kréëéyätäm
@te vô< ³I[Iyatam!, = They(These) two(F) may buy the cloth.
N.
ete vastraà kréëéyätäm

Y.
#me vô< ³I[Iyatam!, = They(These) two(F) may buy the cloth.

ime vastraà kréëéyätäm
r.
"D
34
ta> vô< ³I[Iyu>, = They(Those) (many)(F) may buy the cloth.
.in
täù vastraà kréëéyuù
.co
@ta> vô<
vô< ³I[Iyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may buy the cloth.
etäù vastraà kréëéyuù
o
ho
#ma> vô< ³I[Iyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may buy the cloth.
imäù vastraà kréëéyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
s> AÚ< pcet! = He(That) may cook the food.
ry
saù annaà pacet
@;> AÚ< pcet! = He(This) may cook the food.
cto
eñaù annaà pacet

do
Aym! AÚ< pcet! = He(This) may cook the food.

ayam annaà pacet
O"
taE AÚ< pcetam! = They(Those) two(M) may cook the food.

RA
tau annaà pacetäm

@taE AÚ< pcetam! = They(These) two(M) may cook the food.
N.
etau annaà pacetäm

Y.
#maE AÚ< pcetam!

tam! = They(These) two(M) may cook the food.
imau annaà pacetäm
r.
"D
35
te AÚ< pceyu>, = They(Those) (many)(M)may cook the food.
.in
te annaà paceyuù
.co
@te AÚ< pceyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may cook the food.
ete annaà paceyuù
o
ho
#me AÚ< pceyu>, = They(These) (many)(M) may cook the food.
ime annaà paceyuù
ya
@
ao
nr
sa AÚ< pcet!, = She(That) may cook the food.
ry
sä annaà pacet
@;a AÚ< pcet!, = She(This) may cook the food.
cto
eñä annaà pacet

do
#ym! AÚ< pcet!, = She(This) may cook the food.

iyam annaà pacet
O"
te AÚ< pcetam!, = They(Those) two(F) may cook the food.

RA
te annaà pacetäm
@te AÚ< pcetam!, = They(These) two(F) may cook the food.
N.
ete annaà pacetäm

Y.
#me AÚ< pcetam!, = They(These) two(F) may cook the food.

ime annaà pacetäm
r.
"D
36
ta> AÚ< pceyu>, = They(Those) (many)(F) may cook the food.
.in
täù annaà paceyuù
.co
@ta> AÚ< pceyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may cook the food.
etäù annaà paceyuù
o
ho
#ma> AÚ< pceyu>, = They(These) (many)(F) may cook the food.
imäù annaà paceyuù
ya
@
***
ao
4. ivivxvaKyain - vividhaväkyäni (MISCELLANEOUS SENTENCES):
%pdez> - upadeçaù (ADVICE):

nr
ry
idva n inÔet!, = One should not sleep during the day-time.
cto
divä na nidret
do
DaÇ> idva n inÔet!, The student(M) should not sleep during the day-time.
chätraù divä na nidret
O"
DaÇaE idva n inÔetam!, The two students(M) should not sleep during the
RA
chätrau divä na nidretäm [day-time.

DaÇa> idva n inÔeyu>, The (many) students(M) should not sleep during the
N.
chäträù divä na nidreyuù [day-time.

Y.
r.
"D
37
DaÇa idva n inÔet!, The student(F) should not sleep during the day-time.
.in
chäträ divä na nidret
.co
DaÇe idva n inÔetam!, The two students(F) should not sleep during the chätre
divä na nidretäm [day-time.
o
ho
DaÇa> idva n inÔeyu>, The (many) students(F) should not sleep during the
chäträù divä na nidreyuù [day-time.
ya
@
#CDa - icchä (DESIRE):
ao
s> zIº< SvSw> Évet!, = May he become healthy soon.
saù çéghraà svasthaù bhavet nr
ry
sa zIº< SvSwa Évet!, = May she become healthy soon.
cto
sä çéghraà svasthä bhavet

do
%ictkayRm! - ucitakäryam (APPROPRIATENESS):

O"
sda sTy< vdet!, = One should always speak the truth.

sadä satyaà vadet
RA
AsTy< n vdet!, = One should not lie.

N.
asatyaà na vadet
Y.
v&Ïana< seva< k…yuR>, = All should serve the old people.

r.
våuddhänäà seväà kuryuù

"D
38
ivix> - vidhiù (INSTRUCTION):
.in
Évan! hStà]aln< k…yaRt!, = You(Respect)(M) have to wash your hands.
.co
bhavän hastaprakñälanaà kuryät
o
sa àawnagIt< gayet!, = She has to sing the prayer-song.
ho
sä präthanägétaà gäyet
ya
@
AamÙ[m! - ämantraëam (INVITATION):
ao
Évan! A* raÇaE mm g&he Éaejn< k…yaRt!,=You(Respect)(M) please dine at my house
nr
bhavän adya rätrau mama gåuhe bhojanaà kuryät [tonight.
ry
sMàî> - sampraçnaù (QUERY):
cto
ikm! #danIm!
#danIm! Ah< Éaejn< k…yaRm! %t AXyynm!? = Shall I now dine or study?
kim idäném ahaà bhojanaà kuryäm uta adhyayanam
do
ANyvaKyain - anyaväkyäni (OTHER SENTENCES):

O"
sMÉbt> A* say»ale v&iò> Évet!, = Possibly it may rain today in the evening.
RA
sambhabataù adya säyaìkäle våuñöiù bhavet

N.
àay> A* v&iò> n Évet!, = Generally it may not rain today.

Y.
präyaù adya våuñöiù na bhavet

r.
"D
***
39
A_yas> abhyäsaù)
LEARN SANSKRIT--MODULE-52 :: EXERCISE (A_yas>
.in
[NOTE: Please complete this Exercise and keep it with you. The ‘KEY’
.co
for this Exercise will be sent along with the next Module, when you can
verify the Correctness or Otherwise of your Answers!]
PART-A:
o
Q.1.: Fill in the blanks in the following table with the suitable Potential
ho
Mood Forms of the concerned Root Verbs:-
iÖvcne b÷vcne
ya
@
s>(M.S.)=He(That)
s> taE(M.D.)=They(Those)two te(M.P.)=They(Those)many
ao
@;>(M.S.)=He(This)
@;> @taE(M.D.)=They(These)two @te(M.P.)=They(These)many
Aym!(M.S.)=He(This) #maE(M.D.)=They(These)two #me(M.P.)=They(These)many
sa(F.S.)=She(That)
sa
@;a(F.S.)=She(This)
@;a
nr
te(F.D.)=They(Those)two
@te(F.D.)=They(These)two
ta>(F.P.)=They(Those)many
ta>
@ta>(F.P.)=They(These)many
@ta>
ry
#ym!(F.S.)=She(This) #me(F.D.)=They(These)two #ma>(F.P.)=They(These)many
#ma>
tt!(N.S.)=It(That) te(N.D..)=They(Those)two tain(N.P.)=They(Those)many

tain
cto
@tt! (N.S.)=It(This) @te(N.D..)=They(These)two @tain(N.P.)=They(These)many

@tain
#dm!(N.S.)=It(This) #me(N.D..)=They(These)two #main(N.P.)=They(These)many
#main
do
01. Ac!R = to
worship
O"
02. Aa+gm!
Aa gm!(gCDœ) /
RA
AagCD œ= to come
03. Aaéhœ/Aaraehœ =
N.
to climb up
04. kw!/kwy! = to
Y.
tell
05. ³I/³I[!
³I ³I[! = to
r.
"D
buy
40
06. oadœ = to eat
.in
07. gm!/gCDœ = to
.co
go
08. †z!/dz!R/ pZy! =
o
ho
to see
09. pc! = to cook
ya
10. ÉU/Év! = to be
@
ao
Q.2..: Translate the following sentences into Sanskrit:-
nr
ry
01. He(That) may become a teacher(M).
cto
..................................................................................................
do
02. They(Those) two(M) may eat a mango fruit.
...................................................................................................
O"
03. They(Those) two(M) may not go to the office today.

RA
...................................................................................................
04. They(Those) two(M) may see a film today in the evening.

N.
...................................................................................................
Y.
05. He(That) may tell the story.

r.
...................................................................................................
"D
41
06. They(Those) two(M) may buy the cloth.
.in
...................................................................................................
.co
07. They(Those) (many)(M) may buy the cloth.
o
ho
...................................................................................................
ya
@
08. He(That) may cook the food.
ao
...................................................................................................
09. They(Those) two(M) may cook the food.

nr
ry
...................................................................................................
cto
10. They(Those) (many)(M) may cook the food.

do
...................................................................................................
O"
Q.3..: Translate the following sentences into English:-

RA
01. ta> AÚ< pceyu>,

..................................................................................................
N.
Y.
02. #ma>
#ma> vô< ³I[Iyu>,
r.
...................................................................................................
"D
42
03. @ta> kwa< kwyeyu>,
.in
...................................................................................................
.co
04. ta> pvRtm! Aaraeheyu>,
o
ho
..................................................................................................
ya
05. sa pvRtm! Aaraehet!,
@
...................................................................................................
ao
06. #y< A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyet!,
nr
...................................................................................................
ry
07. #ma> A* kayaRly< n gCDeyu>,
cto
..................................................................................................
do
08. @;a A* kayaRly< n gCDet!,

...................................................................................................
O"
09. sa ñ> dehlIt> AagCDet!,

RA
...................................................................................................
N.
10. #y< devm! AceRt!,

...................................................................................................
Y.
r.
"D
43
PART-B:
.in
.co
01. One should not sleep during the day-time.
o
ho
..................................................................................................
ya
02. The two students(M) should not sleep during the day-time.
@
...................................................................................................
ao
03. One should always speak the truth.
...................................................................................................
nr
ry
Évan!’]
04. You(Respect) have to wash your hands. [Use ‘Évan!
cto
...................................................................................................
do
05. Possibly it may rain today in the evening.

O"
...................................................................................................
RA
01. ikm! #danIm! Ah< Éaejn< k…yaRm! %t AXyynm!?

N.
..................................................................................................
Y.
02. Évan! A* raÇaE mm g&he Éaejn< k…yaRt!,

r.
"D
...................................................................................................
44
03. sa àawnagIt< gayet!,
.in
...................................................................................................
.co
04. s> zIº< SvSw> Évet!,
o
..................................................................................................
ho
05. sa pvRtm! Aaraehet!,
ya
...................................................................................................
@
ao
nr
***
ry
cto
do
O"
RA
N.
Y.
r.
"D
45
‘KEY’
.in
A_yas> abhyäsaù):
LEARN SANSKRIT--MODULE-51 :: EXERCISE (A_yas>
.co
Q.1.: Fill in the blanks in the following table with the suitable Potential
Mood Forms of the concerned Root Verbs:-
o
iÖvcne b÷vcne
ho
ya
Tvm! = You yuvam! = You two yUym! = You many
@
01. Ac!R = to AceR> AceRtm! AceRt
ao
worship
02. Aa+gm!
Aa gm!(gCDœ) / AagCDe> nr
AagCDetm! AagCDet
ry
AagCD œ= to come
cto
03. Aaéhœ/Aaraehœ = Aaraehe> Aaraehetm! Aaraehet

do
to climb up
04. kw!/kwy! = to tell kwye> kwyetm! kwyet
O"
05. ³I/³I[!
³I ³I[! = to buy ³I[Iya> ³I[Iyatm! ³I[Iyat
RA
06. oadœ = to eat oade> oadetm! oadet
07. gm!/gCDœ = to go gCDe> gCDetm! gCDet

N.
08. †z!/dz!R/ pZy! = pZye> pZyetm! pZyet

Y.
to see
09. pc! = to cook pce> pcetm! pcet
r.
10. ÉU/Év! = to be Éve> Évetm! Évet

"D
46
.in
01. You may become a teacher(M).
Tv< iz]k> Éve>,
o .co
02. You two may eat a mango fruit.
ho
yuvam! Aaè)l< oadetm!,
ya
03. You(many) may not go to the office today.
@
yUy< A* kayaRly< n gCDet,
ao
04. You two may see a film today in the evening.
nr
yuva< A* say»ale clicÇ< pZyetm!,
ry
05. You may tell the story.
cto
Tvm! kwa< kwye>,

do
06. You two may buy the cloth.

yuva< vô< ³I[Iyatm!,
O"
07. You(many) may cook the food.

RA
yUy< AÚ< pcet,

N.
08. You two may become two teachers(F).

yuva< izi]ke Évetm!,
Y.
09. You(many) may go to a foreign country.

r.
yUy< ivdez< gCDet,

"D
47
.in
10. You may come from Delhi tomorrow.
Tv< ñ> dehlIt> AagCDe>,
.co
o
ho
01. yuva< pvRtm! Aaraehetm!,
ya
You two may climb up the mountain.
@
02. Tvm! A* say»ale clicÇ< pZye>,
ao
You may see a film today in the evening.
03. yUy< ñ> dehlIt> AagCDet,

nr
ry
You(many) may come from Delhi tomorrow.
cto
do
04. yuva< devm! AceRtm!,

You two may worship the God.
O"
05. yuva< ivdez< gCDetm!,

RA
You two may go to a foreign country.
06. yUym! Aaè)l< oadet,

N.
You(many) may eat a mango fruit.

Y.
07. yUy< izi]ka> Évet,

r.
You(many) may become (many) teachers(F).

"D
48
08. yuva< iz]kaE Évetm!,
.in
You two may become two teachers(M).
.co
09. yUy< kwa< kwyet,
o
You(many) may tell the story.
ho
10. yUy< vô< ³I[Iyat,
ya
You(many) may buy the cloth.
@
ao
nr
ry
***
cto
do
O"
RA
N.
Y.
r.
"D
49

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.

plm!(N.S.) =Second Ah>(N.S.)

Ahn! idnm!(N.S.) = Day

idvs> (MS.) = Day vasr>(MS.)

3.3. The following are the Pronouns of the Third Person:

pui‘<ge (IN MASCULINE GENDER):

= He(That) Distant Person(s)

taE(M.D.) = They two(Those two)

te(M.P.) = They many(Those many)

@taE(M.D.) = They two(These two)

@te(M.P.) = They many(These many)

@te(F.D.) = They two(These two)

#ym!(F.S.) = She(This) Nearer Person(s)

#me(F.D.) = They two(These two)

npu<skil<ge (IN NEUTER GENDER):

tt!(N.S.) = It(That) Distant Object(s)

te(N.D.) = They two(Those two)

= They many(Those many)

xatu> @kvcne iÖvcne

Number Number Number

Aym!(M.S.)=He(This) #maE(M.D.)=They(These)two #me(M.P.)=They(These)many

#ym!(F.S.)=She(This) #me(F.D.)=They(These)two #ma>(F.P.)=They(These)many

tt!(N.S.)=It(That) te(N.D..)=They(Those)two tain(N.P.)=They(Those)many

@tt! (N.S.)=It(This) @te(N.D..)=They(These)two @tain(N.P.)=They(These)many

#dm!(N.S.)=It(This) #me(N.D..)=They(These)two #main(N.P.)=They(These)many

Aqœ = to wander Aqet! Aqetam! Aqeyu>

AajRy! = to AajRyet! AajRyetam! AajRyeyu>

Aaéhœ/Aaraehœ = to Aaraehet! Aaraehetam! Aaraeheyu>

#;!/#CDœ = to #CDet! #CDetam! #CDeyu>

k'œ]!/ka'œ]! = to ka'œ]et! ka'œ]etam! ka'œ]eyu>

kªj! = to kªjet! kªjetam! kªjeyu>

k«;!/k;!R = to k;eRt! k;eRtam! k;eRyu>

gj!R = to roar gjeRt! gjeRtam! gjeRyu>

g&hœ/g&þ‰ = to take g&þIyat! g&þIyatam! g&þIyu>

gE/gay! = to sing gayet! gayetam! gayeyu>

¢hœ/g&Ÿ‰œ = to g&ŸIyat! g&ŸIyatam! g&ŸIyu>

"&;!/";!R = to rub ";eRt! ";eRtam! ";eRyu>

crœ = to go/move cret! cretam! creyu>

cv!R/cvRy! = to chew cvRyet! cvRyetam! cvRyeyu>

Jvl! = to burn Jvlet! Jvletam! Jvleyu>

jIv! = to live jIvet! jIvetam! jIveyu>

tfœ/tafy! = to tafyet! tafyetam! tafyeyu>

xav! = to run xavet! xavetam! xaveyu>

x&/xrœ = to hold xret! xretam! xreyu>

XyE/ = to Xyayet! Xyayetam! Xyayeyu>

ndœ = to sound ndet! ndetam! ndeyu>

nm! = to nmet! nmetam! nmeyu>

inNdœ = to inNdet! inNdetam! inNdeyu>

pQœ = to read/study pQet! pQetam! pQeyu>

pt! = to fall ptet! ptetam! pteyu>

pUj!/pUjy! = to pUjyet! pUjyetam! pUjyeyu>

àCDœ/p&CDœ = to ask p&CDet! p&CDetam! p&CDeyu>

ÉU/Év! = to be Évet! Évetam! Éveyu>

É&/Érœ = To fill Éret! Éretam! Éreyu>

æm! = to roam æmet! æmetam! æmeyu>

muCDœR/mUCDœR = to mUCDeRt! mUCDeRtam! mUCDeRyu>

maehœ/muý! = to muýet! muýetam! muýeyu

yj! = to worship yjet! yjetam! yjeyu>

vdœ = to speak vdet! nr

vs! = to live vset! vsetam! vseyu>

vhœ = to flow vhet! vhetam! vheyu>

ìj! = to go ìjet! ìjetam! ìjeyu>

vaÁDœ = to wish vaÁDet! vaÁDetam! vaÁDeyu>

XyE/ = to Xyayet! Xyayetam! Xyayeyu>