EXERCIES:

EXERCISE 1:
From the results of RUN 1 in table 3.1, calculate for each trial the reactance, Xc, using
the relation Z= V / I = Xc. From this computed value of Xc, compute for the capacitance
of the capacitor and enter them in the table.

TABLE 3.1

TRIAL F(Hz) V I(mA) Xc C(μF)

1 500 4.2 15 280 1.4
2 600 4.2 17 247.06 1.07
3 700 4.2 20 210 1.08
4 800 4.2 23 182.61 1.09
5 900 4.2 25 168 1.05
6 1000 4.2 28 150 1.06
7 1100 4.2 31 135.48 1.07
8 1200 4.2 33 127.27 1.04

FORMULAS TO BE USED
𝑽
Xc =
𝑰

𝟏
C=
𝟐𝝅𝒇𝑿𝒄

TRIAL 1: TRIAL 2:

4.2 4.2
Xc = = 280 Xc = = 247.06
15𝑚𝐴 17𝑚𝐴

1 1
C= = 1.14μF C= = 1.07μF
2𝜋(500)(280) 2𝜋(600)(247.06)

TRIAL 3: TRIAL 4:

4.2 4.2
Xc = = 210 Xc = = 182.61
20𝑚𝐴 23𝑚𝐴

1 1
C= = 1.08μF C= = 1.09μF
2𝜋(700)(210) 2𝜋(800)(247.06)
TRIAL 5: TRIAL 6:

4.2 4.2
Xc = = 168 Xc = = 150
25𝑚𝐴 28𝑚𝐴

1 1
C= = 1.05μF C= = 1.06μF
2𝜋(900)(210) 2𝜋(1000)(247.06)

TRIAL 7: TRIAL 8:

4.2 4.2
Xc = = 135.48 Xc = = 127.27
31𝑚𝐴 33𝑚𝐴

1 1
C= = 1.07μF C= = 1.04μF
2𝜋(1100)(210) 2𝜋(1200)(247.06)

EXERCISE 2:
plot the graph between capacitive reactance and frequency with the frequency as
abscissa as suggested in figure 3.10.
EXERCISE 3:
From the results of RUN 2 in table 3.2, calculate for each trial the capacitive reactance,
Xc using the same relation as in exercise 1. Also compute for capacitance C and enter
all the information in the table.

TABLE 3.2

TRIAL Vc I(mA) Xc C(μF)

1 7 4.8 1458.33 1.09
2 7 10 700 2.27
3 7 14.9 469.8 3.39
NOTE: F = 100Hz

FORMULAS TO BE USED
𝑽𝒄
Xc =
𝑰

𝟏
C=
𝟐𝝅𝒇𝑿𝒄

TRIAL 1: TRIAL 2:

7 7
Xc = = 1458.33 Xc = = 700
4.8𝑚𝐴 10𝑚𝐴

1 1
C= = 1.09 μF C= = 2.27μF
2𝜋(100)(1458.33) 2𝜋(100)(700)

TRIAL 3:

7
Xc = = 469.8
14.9𝑚𝐴

1
C= = 3.39μF
2𝜋(100)(469.8)
QUESTION AND PROBLEMS:

1. What relation can be drawn from the results of Run 1 in table 3.1 regarding
reactance Xc and capacitance C?

Answer: after I computed the value of the reactance and capacitance, I observed
that as the reactance decreases the capacitance is decreasing and increasing
alternately.

2. What generalization can be drawn regarding the plot of Capacitive Reactance

and Frequency?

Answer: as I plot the graph of capacitive reactance and frequency I observed that
the graph is decreasing. As the frequency increases the capacitive reactance
decreases.

3. From the results of RUN 2 in table 3.2, how does the capacitance of the circuit
affected by the connection of more capacitors in the circuit?

Answer: the capacitance increases when we connect more capacitors in parallel

the circuit.

4. In the RUN 2, how does the value of capacitance affect the value of capacitive
resistance?

Answer: as the capacitance increases the value of capacitive reactance

decreases.

5. Three capacitors having a capacitance of 88.42μF are available. When one of these
capacitors is connected to a 240V, 60 Hz source (a) compute for the current in the
circuit. (b) if a second capacitor is connected in parallel with the first one compute again
for the current in the circuit. (c) If the third capacitor is connected in parallel with the first
two, again compute for the current in the circuit. (d) Draw conclusions from the result of
your computations.
Answer:

Formulas to be used:
𝑽
Xc =
𝑰

𝟏
C=
𝟐𝝅𝒇𝑿𝒄

a. Given 88.42μF , 240V and 60 Hz

1 240
88.42μF = 30 =
2𝜋(60)𝑋𝑐 𝐼

Xc = 30 I = 8A

b. Given C1 = 88.42μF, C2 = 88.42μF, 240V, and 60 Hz

88.42μF + 88.42μF = 176.84μF

1 240
176.84μF = 15 =
2𝜋(60)𝑋𝑐 𝐼

Xc = 15 I = 16A

c. Given C1 = 88.42μF, C2 = 88.42μF, C3 = 88.42μF, 240V, and 60 Hz

88.42μF + 88.42μF + 88.42μF = 265.26μF

1 240
265.26μF = 10 =
2𝜋(60)𝑋𝑐 𝐼

Xc = 10 I = 24A

d. Referring to the results of my computations, I can say that when there is more capacitors
connected in parallel in the circuit the current in the circuit will increase.
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION:
RUN 1:

TABLE 3.1

TRIAL F(Hz) V I(mA) Xc C(μF)

1 500 4.2 15 280 1.4
2 600 4.2 17 247.06 1.07
3 700 4.2 20 210 1.08
4 800 4.2 23 182.61 1.09
5 900 4.2 25 168 1.05
6 1000 4.2 28 150 1.06
7 1100 4.2 31 135.48 1.07
8 1200 4.2 33 127.27 1.04

The table above shows the measured value of voltage V and current I. it also
shows the computed values of capacitive reactance Xc and capacitance C. I computed
𝑽
the values of the capacitive reactance by using the formula Xc = 𝑰 . After that I compute
for the value of the Xc now I can get the value of capacitance by using the formula
𝟏
C = 𝟐𝝅𝒇𝑿𝒄. After I computed the values of Xc and C now I can relate them to the
frequency.

I observed that while the frequency increases the value of the capacitive
reactance decreases. In short the frequency and the capacitive reactance are inversely
proportional to each other.

I also observed the relationship of the frequency and capacitance. I observed

that the capacitance decreases and increases alternately.
RUN 2:

TABLE 3.2

TRIAL Vc I(mA) Xc C(μF)

1 7 4.8 1458.33 1.09
2 7 10 700 2.27
3 7 14.9 469.8 3.39

The table 3.2 shows the value of the voltage Vc, current I, capacitive reactance Xc, and
capacitance C. in trial 1 we measured first the values of Vc by using the Voltmeter A
setting its range to 10V and current I using the ammeter B by setting its range to 20mA.
Then I compute for the value of the capacitive reactance Xc and capacitance C by using
the formula same on the RUN 1.

Now for trial 2 we set the range of the voltmeter A to 50V and 50mA for the ammeter B
because it was overloading when the range is lower than 50V and 50mA. Then we
connect another capacitor in parallel to the first capacitor on trial 1 and measured the
values of Vc and I. then I again computed the values of the Xc and C by using the given
formulas.

For the last trial we used the same settings of the Voltmeter and ammeter on trial 2.
Again after measuring the values of the voltage Vc and current I, I can now compute for
the values of the capacitive reactance Xc and capacitance C.

After the three trials I observed that when I parallel the capacitors the capacitance
increases. While the capacitive reactance decreases.
GRAPH:

According to the theory the graph of the capacitive reactance against the frequency is a
decreasing graph.

As you can see below, the graph that I plot using the values that we obtain on the RUN
1 of the experiment we satisfy the theories that the graph is a decreasing graph.
FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION:

After performing the experiment about the capacitance and capacitive reactance, I

learned that the capacitor is consisting of a metal plates and insulator. The metal plates

are on the outer layer of the capacitor while the insulator is inside of the metal plates.

I also observed that when we parallel a two or more capacitor together, the capacitance

increases. I also learned the formulas that can be used to compute for the values of the

capacitive reactance and capacitance.

At the end of the experiment I can say that we meet the values that we want to obtain,

we satisfy the given theory and we performed the experiment correctly.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Capacitive reactance. (n.d.). Retrieved December 28, 2016, from

http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/filter/filter_1.html

AC Capacitance and Capacitive Reactance. (n.d.). Retrieved December 28, 2016, from

http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/accircuits/ac-capacitance.html