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Embryology
Study Questions for Chapter 14
1.  The indifferent embryo begins phenotypic
sexual differentiation during
(A) week 3 of development
(B) week 5 of development
(C) week 7 of development
(D) week 12 of development
(E) week 20 of development
2.  The indifferent embryo completes pheno-
typic sexual differentiation during
(A) week 3 of development
(B) week 5 of development
(C) week 7 of development
(D) week 12 of development
(E) week 20 of development
3.  After the sinovaginal bulbs have proliferated
and fused, they form a solid core of endodermal
cells called the
(A) vestibule of the vagina
(B) uterovaginal primordium
(C) urogenital sinus
(D) vaginal plate
(E) clitoris
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4.  A structure found within the adult female
pelvis formed from the gubernaculum is the
(A) broad ligament
(B) suspensory ligament of the ovary
(C) round ligament of the uterus
(D) medial umbilical ligament
(E) median umbilical ligament
5.  The labia minora arise embryologically from
which of the following structures?
(A) Phallus
(B) Labioscrotal swellings
(C) Sinovaginal bulbs
(D) Urogenital folds
(E) Paramesonephric duct
1.  The uterine tubes of the adult female are
derived embryologically from which of the
following?
(A) Mesonephric duct
(B) Mesonephric tubules
(C) Paramesonephric duct
(D) Paramesonephric tubules
(E) Uterovaginal primordium
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 Answers and Explanations

1. C.  The embryo during weeks 1–6 remains in an indifferent or undifferentiated stage. The em-
bryo begins phenotypic sexual differentiation during week 7.
2. E.  By week 12, female and male characteristics can be recognized. By week 20, phenotypic
sexual differentiation is complete.
3. D.  The sinovaginal bulbs proliferate, fuse, and form the vaginal plate under the inductive influ-
ence of the paramesonephric ducts. The vaginal plate then canalizes to form the inferior two
thirds of the vagina.
4. C.  The round ligament of the uterus and the ovarian ligament both form from the
gubernaculum.
5. D.  In the female, the urogenital folds remain unfused and form the labia minora.
6. C.  The cranial portion of the paramesonephric ducts forms the uterine tubes.

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