Chapter 2

METHODS

Research Design

This study will utilize a Quantitative method of research specifically

Descriptive-Experimental Research design since it will focus on how to lessen and

avoid further damage of oil spills in Marine life, and to determine adverse effects

of oil spills in the fishermen’s and the community. Quantitative Research is with

the systematic empirical investigation that uses statistical, mathematical or

computational techniques. The Descriptive research design is subjected usually

measured once. Experimental research design subjects measured before and

after treatment. Furthermore, this is a Quantitative study since it will make a

prototype that will lessen the oil spill in coastal areas.

According to Creswell (2003) researcher primarily uses post-positivist

approach to develop knowledge when quantitative research is selected (i.e. cause

and effect thinking, use of measurement and observations, and test of theories),

employs strategies of inquiry such as experiments and surveys, and collects data

on predetermined instruments that yield statistical data. Descriptive, according to

Dulock (1993), is to discover associations or relationships between or among

selected variables and to describe systematically and accurately the facts and

characteristics of a given population or area of interest. Experimental, according

to Mitchell (2015) is centrally concerned with constructing research that is high in

casual (or internal) validity. Casual validity concerns the accuracy of statements

regarding cause and effect relationships.

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Research Locale

This study was conducted at the University of the Immaculate Conception,

Junior High School Department specifically in the Immaculate Heart Building at

J.P. Laurel Street, Bajada, Davao City.

The University was established in the year 1905. Also, this institution has

three levels which are the Grade School, Junior High School, and Senior High

School level. It is a university founded by the Religious of the Virgin Mary (RVM)

sisters.

Another place for the conduct of the study, the sea water sample were taken

from Barangay Sasa coastal areas in the near Sasa Wharf. It is located at the Km.

10, Sasa, Davao City. The barangay Sasa is one of the Barangays of Davao City.

It is run by a Barangay Captain namely Juanito E. Flores Jr.

Materials and Method

Materials

The experiment will require a sample of sea water to be utilized inside the

laboratory, Human hair and Coconut husk as absorbing materials, mosquito net as

a protective sheathing, mosquito net seam for tying the ends of the boom, crude

oil, a large container for the sea water, basin, beakers with a 1,000ml capacity, a

weighing scale, and test tube brush.

Methods

The Coconut coir and Human hair will be divided into nine that measures

nine pieces of ten grams, nine pieces of 15 grams, and nine pieces of 20 grams of

each of the Coconut coir, Human hair and the Combination of both. And it will be
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put in a medium piece of mosquito net that will be secured by the seam of the

mosquito net.

Water Sampling Collection

The researchers collected a gallon of water sample in coastal areas of

Barangay Sasa specifically in Sasa Wharf and Sasa port.

Hair Collection

The researchers collected one bag of human hair in the Barber Shop. The

researchers used the hairs of the male.

Coconut Coir

The researchers collected one bag of coconut husk from Aleng Bebe store.

Crude oil

The researchers used two Liters of crude oil to use for making oil spill to the

water sample.

Mosquito net

The Researchers used Mosquito nets are where absorbents are put

(Coconut husk and Human Hair we used nine pieces for the study.

Mosquito net seam

The Researchers used 54 mosquito net seam for tying the ends of the

mosquito net to keep the absorbents compiled and prevent them from being

separated.

Container

The Researchers used a container with the capacity of 1 gallon for the

container of the sea water that is used.

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Technical Flowchart

Buying of Collecting Collecting Collecting of

Materials of Water of Human Coconut Coir
Samples Hair

Final Making of
Experiment Planning
Output the Oil Spill
Boom

Figure 2. Technical Flowchart of the study

Figure 2 Technical Flowchart shows the process or operation of the

Research.

Buying of Materials

The researchers bought all the materials needed.

Collecting of Water Samples

The researchers collected 5 gallons of sea water from Baywave Beach

and Dagat Fiesta Beach Resort

Collecting of Human Hair

The researchers collected 2 bags of human hair from Arnel’s Barbershop.

Collecting of Coconut Coir

The researchers collected 2 bags of coconut coir from Aling Bebe’s

coconut coir store.

Planning

The researchers brainstormed and discussed in planning the process of

the experimentation.
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Making of the Oil Spill Boom

The researchers made the oil spill boom after the planning process.

Experiment

The researchers have their experiment in the Physics Laboratory.

Final output

The researchers obtained the outcome from the experiment and encoded

it after.

Data Gathering Procedure

This study will need a proper and systematic flow being conducted and in

gathering the data and information needed. This steps that the researchers look in

the data gathering procedure presented below

1. Ask permission from the UIC BED Principal for the conduct of the study.

The researchers will generate a letter of permission addressed to the

administration, specifically to the Basic Education Principal of the University of

the Immaculate Conception, S. Ma. Merlita B. Sabate, RVM. This letter will note

by the research teacher of the researchers and will be used to ask for approval

to conduct their study entitled “Coconut Coir and Human Hair as Oil Spill

Absorbents” this will be done through individual interviews, which will be

conducted by the researchers to the selected participants. The approval of the

school principal is essential because it allows us to conduct a study outside of

the school because we are the students of University of the Immaculate

Conception.
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2. Ask permission from the Barangay Captain to conduct a study in his

barangay. The researchers will generate a letter of permission addressed to

the Barangay Captain, specifically in Barangay Sasa, Davao City, (name of the

captain). To allow us to conduct a study in their barangay.

3. Analyze and interpret the gathered data. The analysis and interpretation of

the data are done by looking into the transcribed and are retrieved from the

video recordings of the researchers.

4. Formulate the considerations and recommendations. The researchers will

formulate concluding statements by the data and information gathered from the

research participants. These conclusions will be made based on the statement

of the problem of the study.

Ethical Consideration

Biosafety Protocol

The researchers will ensure to follow the biosafety protocol that was issued

for the researchers to know the proper handling and transport of any sample that

will take. Handling and transport will also be taken into account to address the risks

of human health from the sample.

Sample Transport

The researchers will be responsible for the safe transport of the water

sample that will gather in the sea near Barangay Sasa. The sample will be put

inside proper containers to make sure that it will not be contaminated making sure

that it is not easily broken or will easily leak.

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Waste Disposal

The researchers will dispose of the waste sample by putting it in the same

container that used in collecting it. We will dispose of it instantly in the proper trash

bins making sure that it will not break and will not encounter any measure of

leaking.