Operating System Laboratory

Operating System Laboratory

Manual

Introduction

About Oracle VM Virtualbox

VirtualBox is a cross-platform virtualization application. It installs on your existing

Intel or AMD-based computers, such as Windows, Mac, Linux or Solaris operating
systems and it extends the capabilities of your existing computer so that it can run
multiple operating systems at the same time. VirtualBox is deceptively simple yet also
very powerful. It can run everywhere from small embedded systems or desktop class
machines all the way up to datacenter deployments and even Cloud environments.

Useful for several scenario:

 Running multiple operating systems simultaneously

VirtualBox allows you to run more than one operating system at a time.
This way, you can run software written for one operating system on another
without having to reboot to use it.

 Easier software installations.

Software vendors can use virtual machines to ship entire software

configurations. Installing and running a mail server becomes as easy as
importing such an appliance into VirtualBox.

 Testing and disaster recovery.

Once installed, a virtual machine and its virtual hard disks can be
considered a "container" that can be arbitrarily frozen, woken up, copied, backed
up, and transported between hosts.

 Infrastructure consolidation.

Virtualization can significantly reduce hardware and electricity costs. Most

of the time, computers today only use a fraction of their potential power and run
with low average system loads.

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The Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager

Figure 1.0

Part I: Configuring and Installing Operating System using VirtualBox;

Configuring VirtualBox

1. Click the New button (base on the Figure 1.0) at the top of the VirtualBox. The
wizard will appear and welcoming you to the New Virtual Machine and click Next.
(see Figure 1.1)
In the windows of VM Name and OS Type enter the name of the virtual machine
in the text field of Name box below. Choose the type of Operating System in the
list as well as the Version and click the Next button. (see Figure 1.2)

Figure 1.1 Figure 1.2

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2. Select the amount of base memory (RAM) in megabytes to be allocated to the

virtual machine by dragging the pointer or type the desired size by clicking the
textbox beside the MB. By the default the size is 512 MB change it to 1024MB
and click Next button. (see Figure 1.3)

3. Virtual Hard Disk recommended start-up size is 25.00 GB, be sure that the Start-
up Disk is checked and Create new hard disk and click Next. (see Figure 1.4)

Figure 1.3 Figure 1.4

4. The Welcome to the virtual disk creation wizard will appear, under the File
type frame there are some option for type of disk choose the VDI (VirtualBox
Disk Image) and click Next. (see Figure 1.5)

5. In the Virtual disk storage details be sure that the Dynamically allocated is use
by the default under the Storage details and click Next. (see Figure 1.6)

Figure 1.5 Figure 1.6

6. The Virtual disk file location and size will appear, the location of the VM file can
be change by clicking the Folder figure in the right side to browse the preferred
location of the file. The given disk size is 25GB or it can be change by clicking

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the textbox and type the desired size your can drag the pointer. 25GB is enough
size and click Next. (see Figure 1.7)

Figure 1.7

7. In the Summary window review the following settings, if there are some you can
go back to the previous page by clicking the left arrow, otherwise click Create.
(see Figure 1.8)

8. And another Summary will appear and click Create. (see Figure 1.9)

Figure 1.8

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Figure1.9
9. In the left pane of the VirtualBox Manager, you can find the virtual machine that
you created and right-click the VM and click the Settings to insert the VDI. (see
Figure 1.10)

Figure1.10
10. The Settings window page will pop-up, in the left
pane of the window you can be able to configure
the General, System, Display, Storage, Audio,
Network, Serial Ports USB and Shared.

11. Folders Settings, this time click the Storage. Under the Storage page click or
highlight the "Empty" below the IDE controller. In the Attributes click the disc
image to browse the file of VDI then choose the virtual CD/DVD disk file and
browse the ".iso" file located at the OS Training Materials and click Open to
attached the file and click the Ok button. (see Figure 1.11)

Figure1.11

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12. Right-click the VM and click Settings, in the left pane click the Network. By the
default of the Adapter 1, change the Attached to: to Internal Network without
connecting with network of the host OS and click Ok. (see Figure 1.12)

Figure1.12

13. To run the ".iso" file, right-click the VM that you created and click Start to begin
the installation or highlight the VM and click the Start button at the top of the
VirtualBox Manager. (see Figure 1.13)

14. Wait until the VM finished the full setup.

Repeat these steps for the following

Operating System;

a) Windows Server 2008 R2

i. name: AMA-DC1
b) 2 x Windows 7 Enterprise x86 SP1
i. name: AMA-CL1
ii. name: AMA-CL2
c) Windows Vista Enterprise x86 SP2
i. name: AMA-VS1
d) No Operating System
i. name: AMA-CL3
Figure1.13

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Operating System Installation using VirtualBox

Windows Server 2008 R2

1. Right-click the virtual machine that has the OS of Windows Server 2008 R2 and
choose Start in the VirtualBox Manager to begin the installation. (see Figure 1.13)

2. Begin installation of Windows Server 2008 R2 click Next, click Install now. (see
Figure 2.0 and 2.1)

Figure 2.0 Figure 2.1

3. Choose the "Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard (Full Installation) and click Next.
(see Figure 2.2 )

4. Checked box the I accept the license terms and click Next. (see Figure 2.3 )

Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3

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5. In Which type of installation choose the Custom (advanced)(see Figure 2.4), click
Next and to install the OS in the unallocated Space and click Next to begin. (see
Figure 2.5)

Figure 2.4 Figure 2.5

6. Finish the installation, it will restart for the completion. (see Figure 2.6)

*Note: After the initial installation was done it will restart for the completion of the
system, if the "Press any key to boot in CD/DVD" appear, do not do it anymore, it
will install the operating system right from the start.

7. After the installation of Windows Server 2008 r2 was done, it required to change
password, click Ok button. (see Figure 2.7)

Figure 2.6 Figure 2.7

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8. Type this as the new password: Pa$$w0rd with confirmation, click the arrow right
or press Enter key. (see Figure 2.8)

9. It will confirmed the password has been change and click Ok to open the newly
installed Windows Server 2008 R2. (see Figure 2.9)

Figure 2.8 Figure 2.9

10. For every Press CTRL + ALT + DELETE to log on appear, click the Machine
label at the left top of the virtual machine to log on in the system. Click the Insert
Ctrl+Alt+Del in the list or press Host+Del (Host key means Ctrl+Right) to begin
the log on. Do not use that particular keys on the keyboard of host machine, it will
not function in the virtual machine . (see Figure 2.10) Now you have a newly
installed Windows Server 2008 R2. Log of the Machine.

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Figure 2.10
Windows 7 Enterprise x86 SP 1 Installation

1. Right-click the virtual machine which has the OS of Windows 7 and choose Start
in the VirtualBox Manager to begin the installation. (see Figure 1.13)

2. Begin installation of Windows 7 click Next, click Install now. (see Figure 3.0 and 3.1)

Figure 3.0 Figure 3.1

3. Checked box the I accept the license terms and click Next. (see Figure 3.2 )

4. In Which type of installation choose the Custom (advanced). (see Figure 3.3)

Figure 3.2 Figure 3.3

5. Click Next and to install the OS in the unallocated Space and click Next to begin.
(see Figure 3.4)

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6. Finish the installation, it will restart for the completion. (see Figure 3.5)

Figure 3.4 Figure 3.5

*Note: After the initial installation was done it will restart for the completion of the
system, if the "Press any key to boot in CD/DVD" appear, do not do it anymore, it
will install the operating system all over again.

7. After the installation of Windows 7, Type a username AMA-CL1, followed by the

computer name to AMA-CL1-PC automatically, click Next button. (see Figure 3.6)

8. Set password for the account, Password: Pa$$w0rd with confirmation and hint to
password and click Next. (see Figure 3.7)

Figure 3.6 Figure 3.7

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9. In Set up Windows, it is a very good practice to choose Use Recommended

settings for automatically protect and improve Windows, Click it to set. (see
Figure 3.8)

10. Review and set your current time and date settings. Use (UTC+08:00) Kuala
Lumpur, Singapore for the Time Zone and click Next. (see Figure 3.9)

Figure 3.8 Figure 3.9

1. Select the computer's current location, click Work network for connection. (see
Figure 3.10). Wait for the finalizing of Windows to complete the installation. (see
Figure 3.11) Now you have the newly installed Windows 7 Enterprise x86 SP1.
Shutdown the machine.

Figure 3.10 Figure 3.11

Important: Do these steps for the AMA-CL2 and AMA-VS1 virtual machine. It is
necessarily to do the procedures given by the this manual and do not change any

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configuration and settings for the virtual machine, it might affect some activities that you
will encounter later after all you finish the installations and setup.
Virtual Machines Configuration

AMA-DC1 configuration

Changing the Server Name

1. Running the Windows Server 2008 R2 for the first time. After the password
changed, the window of Initial Configuration Task will appear, Checked the Do
not show this windows at logon and click Close. (see Figure 4.0)

Figure 4.0

2. On the server virtual machine, click Start, right-click Computer and click
Properties, In the Control Panel System, click the Advanced system settings.
(see Figure 4.1)

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Figure 4.1

3. In System Properties, click the Computer Name tab, click the Change button.
Change the name into AMA-DC1 and click Ok. (see Figure 4.2)

4. Dialog box will appear and click Ok button to restart the system and take effect
the changes. (see Figure 4.3)

Figure 4.3

Figure 4.2

5. Log on to the AMA-DC1 with the password: Pa$$w0rd. Click Start, click
Computer, right-click Properties, click Advanced system settings and notice that
the Computer Name changed into the AMA-DC1. Close all open windows. (see
Figure 4.4)

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Figure 4.4

C.2. Copying the Application from the Host Machine

1. Open the VirtualBox, in the left pane, right-click AMA-DC1 click Settings. Click
the Network and under the Adapter 1 change the Attached to: NAT to logically
connect the VM to the host OS network and click Ok. (see Figure 5.0)

Figure 5.0
2. In the host OS, search for the AppInstall folder, located at the MCTS Training
Files folder, right-click the folder, go to Properties, click the Share tab and click
the Shared Button. (see Figure 5.1)

3. Click the arrow down in the dropdown list box and choose Everyone and click
Add button, change the Read to Read/Write, Everyone has the access to the
shared folder. (see Figure 5.2)

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Figure 5.2
Figure 5.1

4. In the Host machine, open command prompt, and type ipconfig, to identify the
IP address as well as the subnet mask of the Host. The range of IP address in
virtual machine must belong to the scope of the Host to logically connected the
virtual to Host machine. (see Figure 5.3)

Figure 5.3

5. On the AMA-DC1, click Start and open the command prompt type ipconfig,
notice that IP address should be automatically assign by the attachment NAT of
Adapter 1. ping the IP address of Host machine to test the connectivity of both
virtual and Host machine. (see Figure 5.5)

Figure 5.4

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6. Open the AMA-DC1, click Start and click Computer, double-click the drive C:
and in the blank space or area right-click and choose New to Folder named
Installer. (see Figure 5.5)

Figure 5.5

7. On AMA-DC1, Click Start and type \\<the ip add of host OS> to connect and
open the shared folder. (see Figure 5.6)If successfully connected, the username
and password dialog box will appear for connection permission, type username:
administrator and password: (It depend of the password given by the
administrator, otherwise contact your Administrator for password). (see Figure 5.7)

Note: The IP address and Subnet mask shown are only for instances. It also depends
on the IP addresses in your computer laboratory.

Figure 5.7

Figure 5.6

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8. Click the User's Share, search for the folder named AppInstall copy all the files
and paste it to the folder name Installer created in the AMA-DC1. Wait copying
to be done. (see Figure 5.8)

Figure 5.8

9. After the copying was done, close all the open window. Set the Adapter 1 of
VirtualBox Manager and change Attached to: Internal Network. (see Figure 5.0)

C. Creating Server Roles and Features

Promoting Domain Controller

1. At AMA-DC1machine click Start and type dcpromo in the Search bar, to promote
the domain controller and hit Enter key. Wait for the initialization to be done. (see
Figure 6.0 and 6.1)

Figure 6.1

Figure 6.0

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2. The wizard will pop-up and click Next, click Next for Operating System
Compatibility, click the radio button for Create a new domain in a new forest and
click Next.

Figure 6.2 Figure 6.3

3. Type the domain name in the textbox of FQDN of the forest root domain:
AMAES.com and click Next. (see Figure 6.4)

Figure 6.4

4. In the dropdown list box of Set Forest Functional Level, choose Windows Server
2008 R2 and click Next. (see Figure 6.5)

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Figure 6.5
5. Checked the DNS Server and click Next. If the dialog box of Static IP assignment
appear, it will show the two options, click the No, I will assign IP address to all
physical network adapters. These happens if the server has been checked the
Obtain IP address in the LAN settings. (see Figure 6.6 and 6.7)

Figure 6.6 Figure 6.7

6. Click the computer icon in the Task Menu Bar and click Open Network and
Sharing. (see Figure 6.7)

Figure 6.7

7. In the window of Network and Sharing Center, Click the Change adapter
settings to open the Local Area Connection. (see Figure 6.8)

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Figure 6.8

8. Double-click the Local Area Connection, click Properties, double-click the

TCP/IPv4 to assign IP address. In General Tab choose the Use the following IP
address and type to IP address: 192.168.1.1, Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 and
in Preferred DNS server: 192.168.1.1 and click Ok, click Ok again and close the
Local Area Connection Status. (see Figure 6.9)

Figure 6.9

9. Going back to the wizard, click Next. A windows will appear asking for
continuation click Yes and click Next. (see Figure 6.10)

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Figure 6.10

10. Type the Password: Pa$$w0rd with confirmation and click Next and click Next
again, another wizard showed checked the Reboot on completion to refresh the
system after the completion. (see Figure 6.11)

Figure 6.11

11. The server will boot under the new domain settings and functions, just type Pa$
$w0rd to log on. (see Figure 6.12)

Figure 6.12

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*Note: Once the Administrator log on, the Server Manager will appear automatically, if
not click the Server Manager at the left bottom of the window besides the Start
menu.

12. In the left pane of the Server Manager, click Roles. In the resulting pane in the
right you find the Roles summary indicates the installed server roles, Click Add
Roles. (see Figure 6.13)

Figure 6.13

13. In the Add Roles Wizard checked the Skip this page by default and click Next.
(see Figure 6.15) Checked the box of DHCP server in the Roles and click the Next
and click Next again. Review the IP address that you created and click Next. (see
Figure 6.15)

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Figure 6.14

Figure 6.15
14. In the IPv4 DNS Settings, change the Preferred DNS server IPv4 address to:
192.168.1.1, click the Validate button for DNS validation and click Next. Choose
WINS is not required for applications on this network click Next. (see Figure 6.16)

Figure 6.16

15. In the scope of DHCP server click the Add button to disseminate the IP address
automatically. Type the details given below in the Figure, click Ok to submit the
new scope and click Next. (see Figure 6.17)

Figure 6.17

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16. Click Next for Enable DHCPv6 stateless mode for this server and click Next,
click Next and click Next again and click Install, wait for the installation to
complete and click Close. Close the Server Manager. (see Figure 6.17)

Figure 6.18
Software installation needed

1. In the virtual machine of AMA-DC1, Click Start, click Computer, double-click

drive C: Right-click in the blank space below, click New to create a New Folder
named Data. (see Figure 7.0)

2. Click the Installer folder to open. Double-click the USMT4.01_x86 and click Run
to install (this software is use for migration purposes). (see Figure 7.1)

Figure 7.1

Figure 7.0

3. The setup wizard will appear click Next. In the folder directory click the Browse
button, click the arrow down in the dropdown list box of Look in: Click C:, click
Data folder and click Ok Button to install and save the file to this directory, click
Next and click Install, after the completion click Finish and close all the open
window. (see Figure 7.2 and 7.3)

Figure 7.2 Figure 7.3

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4. Right click the Installer folder, click properties, hit the Share button, in the
dropdown list box click the arrow to Everyone and click add, below click the
Everyone's Permission Level, choose Read/Write and click the Share button
below. and click Done, and Close. (The same procedure as Figure 5.1 and 5.2)

Client Domain Member and Configuration

Verify the IP Address

1. Run AMA-CL1, click Start, in the Search bar type cmd to display the command
prompt, type ipconfig, since AMA-CL1 is the first client, it should have an IP
address: 192.168.1.2 and Subnet mask 255.255.255.0, it means that the
machine leased a IP address form DHCP server.

*Note: If the Set Network Location window appear, choose Work network and Close.
If the AMA-CL1 did not leased an IP address from DHCP server, check the IP
address of both client and server, be sure that the Adapter 1 in both virtual
machine is Attached to: Internal Network. The server must use the static IP
addressing and the client should use the Obtain IP address.

2. Type ping amaes.com, to check the connectivity between the client-server

communication and indicates that the DNS services are working properly. (see
Figure 8.0)

Figure 8.0

Member of Domain

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1. Click Start, right-click Computer and click Properties. In the left side pane click
Advanced System settings, Click the Computer name tab in the System
Properties, click Change button, the name of computer should be AMA-CL1-PC,
click the Domain in Member of type in the textbox amaes.com click Ok button,
dialog box will pop-up asking for Username type administrator and Pa$$w0rd
for Password and click Ok. For successful connection, the dialog box appear
welcoming the client to the domain. (see Figure 8.1)

Figure 8.1

2. Click Ok, close the settings and click Restart to take effect the member of
domain.

Figure 8.2
Note: Once the Virtual Machine starts it always asking to press CTRL+ALT+DELETE to
log on and type the credentials.

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3. In the VM click the Machine located at the

left top of the VM window and click the
Ctrl+Alt+Del to log on in the VM or press
Host+Del (Host = Right+Ctrl). If you press
the keys on your keyboard it will affect or
react on your host machine.

Figure 8.3

4. Click the Switch User, click the other user,

type in User name: amaes\administrator
and password: Pa$$w0rd to log in as the administrator for this machine.

Figure 8.4

Installation of Applications from Server

1. Click Start, in Search Bar type \\AMA-DC1\Installer and press Enter key. You will
find the installers save from the server. (see Figure 8.5)

Figure 8.5

2. Install the following;

a. drvupdate-x86 for Windows
Mobile Device Center

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b. Microsoft Office 2007 for the documents

c. Windows Mobile 6.1.4 Professional Image-USA for
Mobile Emulator
d. Adobe Reader is optional, for other pdf files

After all the installations are done, close all the open window, Log off AMA-CL1.
(see Figure 8.6)

Figure 8.6
VirtualBox Snapshot

Save a particular state of a virtual machine for later use in Snapshot. At any later
time, you can revert to that state, even though you may have changed the VM
considerably. A snapshot of a virtual machine is similar to a machine in Saved state, but
there can be many of them, and these saved states are preserved. The snapshots is
viewable in virtual machine by first selecting a machine in the VirtualBox Manager and
then clicking on the Snapshots button at the top right. Until you take a snapshot of the
machine, the list of snapshots will be empty except for the Current state item, which
represents the "Now" point in the lifetime of the virtual machine.

Taking, restoring and deleting snapshots

There are three operations related to snapshots:

1. You can take a snapshot. This makes a copy of the machine's current state, to
which you can go back at any given time later.

 If your VM is currently running, select "Take snapshot" from the "Machine"

pull-down menu of the VM window.

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 If your VM is currently in either the "saved" or the "powered off" state (as
displayed next to the VM in the VirtualBox main window), click on the
"Snapshots" tab on the top right of the main window, and then

o either on the small camera icon (for "Take snapshot") or

o right-click on the "Current State" item in the list and select "Take
snapshot" from the menu.

In any case, a window will pop up and ask you for a snapshot name. This
name is purely for reference purposes to help you remember the state of the
snapshot. You can also add a longer text in the "Description" field if you want.
Your new snapshot will then appear in the snapshots list. Underneath your new
snapshot, you will see an item called "Current state", signifying that the current
state of your VM is a variation based on the snapshot you took earlier. If you later
take another snapshot, you will see that they will be displayed in sequence, and
each subsequent snapshot is derived from an earlier one.

2. It can restore a snapshot by right-clicking on any snapshot you have taken in

the list of snapshots. By restoring a snapshot, you go back (or forward) in time,

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the current state of the machine is lost, and the machine is restored to the exact
state it was in when the snapshot was taken.

3. It can also delete a snapshot, which will not affect the state of the virtual
machine, but only release the files on disk that VirtualBox used to store the
snapshot data, thus freeing disk space. To delete a snapshot, right-click on it in
the snapshots tree and select "Delete". As of VirtualBox, snapshots can be
deleted even while a machine is running.

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