NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, ROURKELA-8

Electrical Machines
Assignment-1

1. A 3300/250 V, 50 Hz, single phase transformer is built on a core having an effective cross sectional
area of 125 c.m2 and 70 turns on the low voltage winding. Calculate (a) the value of maximum flux
density, (b) the number of turns in the high voltage winding.
Ans :[(a) 1.289 T, (b) 924]
2. A 125 kVA transformer having primary voltage of 2000 V at 50 Hz has 182 primary & 40 secondary
turns. Neglecting losses, calculate (a) the full load primary & secondary currents, (b) the no load
secondary induced e.m.f. (c) The maximum flux in the core.
Ans :[( a) 62.5 A, 284.4 A (b) 439.6 V (c) 0.0495Wb]
3. Find the active & reactive components of no–load current, & the no-load current of a 440/220 V
single-phase transformer if the power input to the H.V. winding is 80 W. the L.V. winding is kept
open. The power factor of the no-load current is 0.3 lagging.
Ans: [0.182A, 0.578A, 0.606A]
4. A 230/110 V, 1-phase transformer takes an input of 350 VA at no load & at rated voltage. The core
loss is 110W. Find (a) The iron loss component of no load current, (b) The magnetizing component
of no load current, (c) No load power factor.
Ans :[( a) 0.314A, (b) 1.44A, (c) 0.314]
5. A 20-kVA 8000/277-V distribution transformer has the following resistances and reactances: Rp =
32Ω, R S = 0.05 Ω, Xp = 45Ω, X S =0.06Ω, Rc = 250kΩ, XM = 30 kΩ
The excitation branch impedances are given referred to the high-voltage side of the transformer.
(a) Find the equivalent circuit of this transformer referred to the high-voltage side.
(b) Find the per-unit equivalent circuit of this transformer.
(c) Assume that this transformer is supplying rated load at 277 V and 0.8 PF lagging. What is this
transformer’s input voltage? What is its voltage regulation?
(d) What is the transformer’s efficiency under the conditions of part (c)?
Ans :[( a) Rs’=41.7Ω, Xs’=50.1Ω(c) VP= 8290∠0.55° V, VR =3.63 %,( d) 95.6%]
6. A 2000 VA 230/115 V transformer has been tested to determine its equivalent circuit. The results of
the tests are shown below.
Open-circuit test: VOC = 230 V, IOC = 0.45 A, POC = 30 W
 Short-circuit test: VSC = 13.2 V, ISC = 6.0 A, PSC = 20.1 W
All data given were taken from the primary side of the transformer.
(a) Find the equivalent circuit of this transformer referred to the low-voltage side of the transformer.
(b) Find the transformer’s voltage regulation at rated conditions and at
(1) 0.8 PF lagging,(2) 1.0 PF, (3) 0.8 PF leading.
(c) Determine the transformer’s efficiency at rated conditions and 0.8 PF lagging.
Ans :[( b) 3.3%, 1.1%,-1.5 %( c) 94.9%]
7. Three identical single phase transformers each of rating 5 kVA, 200V/100V, 50Hz are connected in
delta-delta. Calculate what line to line voltage to be applied to the HV side? Also find out
corresponding LV side line to line voltage. Find out the kVA rating of the bank such that none of the
transformers get over loaded. Ans: [15 kVA]
8. Three single phase ideal transformers, each of rating 5kVA, 200V/400V, 50 Hz are available.
a) The LV sides are connected in star and HV sides are connected in delta. What line to line 3-phase
voltage should be applied and what will be the corresponding HV side line to line voltage will be?
Also calculate and show the line and phase current magnitudes in both LV & HV sides
corresponding to rated condition.
b) The LV sides are connected in delta and HV sides are connected in delta. What line to line 3-
phase voltage should be applied and what will be the corresponding HV side line to line voltage will
be? Also calculate and show the line and phase current magnitudes in both LV & HV sides
corresponding to rated condition.
Ans :[( a) 346.4V, 86.6A, 50 A, (b) 173.2 V, 43.3 A, 25A]
9. Three single-phase 50 kVA, 2300/230 V 60 Hz transformers are connected to form a three-phase
4000/230 V transformer bank (these voltages are line to line) which supplies a 120 kVA, 230 V,
three-phase load with a power factor of 0.85 lagging. The equivalent impedance for each transformer
referred to the LV winding is (0.012 + j 0.016) Ω.
(a)Determine the transformer configuration required and draw the per-phase equivalent circuit.
(b) Determine the transformer winding currents.
(c) Determine the primary voltage required to produce the rated output.
(d) Determine the voltage regulation.
Ans.: [(b)IL=301.23 A, I∆ =173.92 A,IY =17.39 A (c) 4039.8 V(d)1.41%]
10. Two identical transformers each of rating 5 kVA, 200V/100V, 50 Hz transformers are connected in
open delta. Calculate the kVA rating of the open delta bank when HV side is used as primary.
Ans: [8.66 kVA]