Mixture and Alligation (Important)

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Solution on smart ways

Solved by : MD Helal Uddin

In a vessel there is a certain quantity of mixture of milk and water in the ratio 5 : 1 respectively. 24
litres of mixture is taken out and same quantity of milk is added to the vessel. The ratio of milk and
water now becomes 13 : 2 respectively. Again 15 litres of mixture is taken out. What is the quantity
of milk in the resulting mixture?

Solution :

M : W =>
5 : 1 = 10 : 2
13 : 2 = 13 : 2
Now , (13-10) i.e. 3 part equivalent to 24 L
Then , (13+2) i.e. 15 part equivalent to 120 L
After remove mix 15 L , Qty of mix => (120 - 15) = 105 L
Now , M : W => 13 : 2 = 91 : 14
So , qty of milk in final mix 91 L

A container is filled with liquid, 6 part of which are water and 10 part milk. How much of the mixture
must be drawn off and replaced with water so that the mixture may be half water and half milk?

Solution :

M : W =>
10 : 6 = 5 : 3
1:1=5:5
Now , Replacement => (5-3)/(5+5) i.e 1/5 part

There are two alloys of copper and zinc containing copper and zinc in the ratio of 1:2 and 3:5
respectively. If 12 Kgs. of the first alloy and 16 Kgs. of the second alloy are mixed and some more
pure zinc is added, the ratio of copper to zinc in the resultant alloy becomes 2 : 5. How many Kgs.
of pure zinc was added?

Solution :

C : Z =>
1 : 2 = 4 : 8 (In 12 kg)
3 : 5 = 6 : 10 (In 16 kg)
Now , Mix ratio => (6+4) : (10+8) = 5 : 9
C : Z =>
5 : 9 = 10 : 18
2 : 5 = 10 : 25
So , Added zinc => (25 - 18) i.e. 7 kg

There was 120 litres of pure milk in a vessel. Some quantity of milk was taken out and replaced
with 23 litres of water in such a way that the resultant ratio between the quantities of milk and
water in the mixture was 4 : 1 respectively. Again 231itres of the mixture was taken out and
replaced with 27 litres of water. What is the respective ratio of milk and water in the resultant
mixture?

Solution :

Qty of taken milk => (120 - 4*23) = 28 L

After replacement qty of mix => (120 - 28 + 23) = 115 L
Milk : water => 4 : 1 = 92 : 23
In 23 L qty of Milk => 23*(4/5) = 92/5 L
So , Qty of water => 23*(1/5) = 23/5 L
Required ratio => (92 - 92/5) : [(23 - 23/5) + 27] = 368 : 227

In a vessel, there is a mixture of apple, orange and mango juices in the ratio of 3 : 5 : 4
respectively. A quantity of 12 litres from the mixture is replaced by 8 litres of apple juice.
Thereafter the quantities of apple and orange juices in the resultant mixture become same. Find
out the initial quantity of mixture in the vessel?

Solution :

A : O : M => 3x : 5x : 4x
So , Initial mix => (3x+5x+4x) = 12x
Now , (3x - 3 + 8 ) = 5x - 5
=> 2x = 10
=> 12x = 60 L

A 20 litre mixture contains milk and water in the respective ratio of 3 : 2. Then 10 litres of the
mixture is removed and replaced with pure milk and the operation is repeated once more. At the
end of the two removals and replacements, what is the ratio of milk and water in the resultant
mixture respectively?

Solution :
After replacement qty of water => 20*(2/5)*(1/2)*(1/2) = 2 L
So , Required ratio =>
M : W = (20-2) : 2 = 9 : 1

A vessel contains a mixture of milk and water in the respective ratio of 3: 1. 32 litres of mixture
was taken out and replaced with the same quantity of milk so that the resultant ratio between the
quantities of milk and water in the mixture was 4 : 1 respectively. If 10 litres of mixture is again
taken out from the vessel, what is the resultant quantity of water in the mixture? (in litres)

Solution :

M : W =>
3:1
4:1
Now , (4-3) i.e. 1 part equivalent to 32 L
Then , (4+1) i.e 5 part equivalent to 160 L
Remove 10 L , qty of mixture => (160-10) = 150 L
So , Milk : water => 4 : 1 = 120 : 30
So , ans. 30 L

Several litres of acid were drawn off a 54 L vessel full of acid and an equal amount of water
added. Again, the same volume of the mixture was drawn off and replaced by water. As a result
the vessel contained 24 L of pure acid. How much of the acid was drawn off initially?

Solution :

T : Acid
54 : 54 - R
54 : 54 - R
--------------------
54² : (54-R)² = (3/2)²
=> 3R = 54
=> R = 18 L
Drawn off acid 18 L

A mixture contains wine and water in the ratio 3:2 and another mixture contains them in the ratio
4:5 . How many litres of the latter mixture must be mixed with 3 litres of the former mixture that the
resultant mixture may contain equal quanties of wine and water ?

Solution :
wine : water =>
3 : 2 = 54 : 36
4 : 5 = 40 : 50
1 : 1 = 45 : 45
Now , Required ratio => (45 - 40) : (54 - 45) = 5 : 9
Now , 5 part equivalent to 3 L
So , 9 part is equivalent to (27/5) i.e. 5(2/5) L

Three containers. A, B and C are having mixtures of milk and water in the ratio 1 : 5. 3 : 5 and 5 : 7
respectively. If the capacities of the containers are in the ratio 5 : 4 : 5, then find the ratio of the
milk to the water, if the mixtures of all the three containers are mixed together.

Solution :

LCM of (1+5 , 3+5 , 5+7) = 24

Let , Capacity => 120 , 96 , 120
Qty of milk in mix => [120*(1/6) + 96*(3/8) + 120*(5/12) = 106
Qty of water in mix => (336 - 106) = 230
So , Milk : Water => 106 : 230 i.e. 53 : 115

18 litres of pure water was added to a vessel containing 80 litres of pure milk. 49 litres of the
resultant mixture was then sold and some more quantity of pure milk and pure water was added to
the vessel in the respective ratio of 2 : 1. If the resultant respective ratio of milk and water in the
vessel was 4:1. what was the quantity of pure milk added in the vessel? (in litres)

Solution :

Total mix => (80+18) = 98 L

So , Ratio of milk and water => 80 : 18 = 40 : 9
In 49 L => Qty of milk 40 L and water 9 L
Let , Added of Milk be 2x L and water be x L

Now , (40 + 2x ) : (9 + x) = 4 : 1
=> 40 + 2x = 36 + 4x
=> 2x = 4 L
So , Added milk 4 L
The diluted Milk contains only 8 liters of Milk and the rest is water. A new mixture whose
concentration is 30%, is to be formed by replacing Milk. How many liters of the mixture shall be
replaced with pure Milk if there was initially 32 liters of water in the mixture?

Solution :
M : W =>

1 : 4 = 7 : 28
3 : 7 = 12 : 28
Now , replacement part => (12-7)/(12+28) i.e. 5/40 part
So , Qty of replacement => (32+8)*(5/40) = 5 L

A can contains a mixture of two liquids A and B in the ratio 9:7 when 8 liters of mixture are drawn
off and the can is filled with B,the ratio of A and B becomes 9:8.How many liters of liquid A was
contained by the can initially?

Solution : 1

T : A
16 : 9
T :T-8
Applying vertical product method :
16T : 9T - 72 = 17 : 9
=> T = 136
Now , Qty of A = 136*(9/16) = 76.5 L

Solution : 2

A : B
9 : 7
9 : 8
Applying cross product subtract method :

(9*8 - 7*9) = 9
Now , [(8*/16 + 9*8/9)]* 9 = 76.5 L

A can contains a mixture of two liquids A and B in the ratio 7:5. When 9 liters of mixture are drown
off and the can is filled
with B, the ratio of A and B becomes 7:9.How many liters of liquid A was contined by the
initiallyinitially?
Method : 1

T : A
12 : 7
T :T-9
-----------------------
12T : 7T - 63 = 16 : 7
=> 84T = 112T - 1008
=> T = 36
So , Qty of A = 36*(7/12) = 21 L

Method : 2

A:B
7:5
7:9
Applying cross product subtract :
(7*9 - 7*5) = 28
Qty of A = [9/(7+5) + 7*9/28]*7 = 21 L

Method : 3

A:B
----------
7:5
7:9
Now , (9-5) i.e. 4 part 9 L
Then , (7+9) i.e 16 part 36 L
So , Qty of A => 36*(7/12) = 21 L

Two cans P and Q contains milk and water in the ratio of 3:2 and 7:3 respectively. The ratio in
which these two cans be mixed so as to get a new mixture containing milk and water in the ratio
7:4.

Solution :
M:W
3 : 2 = 66 : 44
7 : 3 = 77 : 33
7 : 4 = 70 : 40
Now , Required ratio => (77 - 70) : (70 - 66) = 7 : 4
The milk and water in two vessels A and B are in the ratio 4:3 and 2:3 respectively. In what ratio
the liquids in both the vessels be mixed to obtain a new mixture in vessel c consisting half milk and
half water?
Solution :

LCM of (4+3 , 2+3 , 1 + 1 ) = 70

Now , (35 - 28 ) : (40 - 35) = 7 : 5

How many kilograms of sugar costing Rs. 9 per kg must be mixed with 27 kg of sugar costing Rs.
7 per Kg so that there may be a gain of 10 % by selling the mixture at Rs. 9.24 per Kg ?

Solution :

CP of Mix. = 9.24*(10/11) = 8.4

Now , 9*x + 27*7 = 8.4*(x+27)
x = 63 kg

Two vessels A and B contain spirit and water mixed in the ratio 5:2 and 7:6 respectively. Find the
ratio in which these mixture be mixed to obtain a new mixture in vessel c containing spirit and
water in the ratio 8:5?
Solution :

LCM of (5+2 , 7+6 , 8+5) = 91

Now , (56 - 49) : (65 - 56) = 7 : 9

A vessel A & B Contains mixture of milk and water in the ratio 4 : 5 and 5 : 1 respectively. In what
ratio, the quantity of mixture taken from A & B to form a mixture in which milk to water is in the
ratio 5 : 4 ?

Solution :

LCM of (4+5 , 5+1 , 5+4) = 18

Now , (15 - 10) : (10 - 8 ) = 5 : 2

A milk vendor has 2 cans of milk. The first contains 25% water and the rest milk. The second
contains 50% water. How much milk should he mix from each of the containers so as to get 12
litres of milk such that the ratio of water to milk is 3 : 5?
Solution :
LCM of (3+1 , 1+1 , 5 + 3) = 8
Now , (5 - 4) : (6 - 5) = 1 : 1
So , 1 : 1 = 6 : 6 (Now here 12 L)
Mix milk A and B 6 L