Neuro-cognitive rehabilitation (NCR) is an empirically based treatment approach

of speech disorders caused by different types of brain trauma. NCR allows to

eliminate and, in many cases, even improve originated from a brain trauma
cognitive deficit in attention, concentration, executive functioning (neuro-cognitive
input) and speech production and expression (neuro-cognitive output). The main
focus of NCR is the development of speech, correction and prevention of speech
errors such as communication/exchange errors, perseveration, improper cognitive
shifts, substitutions, additions, deletions, etc.

As a psychologically sound approach, NCR creates the most favorable conditions

for the therapeutically-induced development of the personality and interpersonal
relationships. NCR allows to locate and improve the great compensatory
capabilities of the nervous system. I.P Pavlov, stressing the abilities of human
brain to adapt to traumatic experiences and improve the functioning in favorable
cognitions, stated “Nothing remains fixed, unbending, but can always be achieved,
changed for the better, if only the appropriate conditions are met”.

NCR is based on the following basic principles: steadiness and dependability,

complexity, the principle of development, consideration of speech disorders in
conjunction with other aspects of the mental development, activity approach,
ontogenetic principle, etiopathogenetic principle) principle of consideration of the
symptoms of the violation and structure of the speech defect principle of a detour,
general educational and other principles.

The principle of steadiness and dependability is based on the concept of speech as

an intricate and complicated neuro-cognitive mechanism that consists of the
structural components. These structural components allow the mechanism to
initiate the verbal output in a particular fashion. The structural components are
depended on each other in order to produce expected sound or word.

In this regard, the study of speech, the process of its development and correction

Destruction involves the impact on all components, on all sides of the speech
functional system.

For a speech therapy conclusion, differential diagnosis of similar forms of speech

disorders requires correlation analysis of speech and non-speech symptoms,
medical, psychological, and speech therapy examination, correlation of
developmental levels of cognitive activity and speech, speech state, and features of
the child's sensomotor development.

1
ПавловИ.П.Собр.соч.—М.,1951.—Т.III.—Кн.2.—С.188.