SULIT 4531/2

SECTION A
Answer all questions.
[60 marks]

1 Diagram 1 shows an electrical circuit with two measuring instruments P and Q.

Diagram 1
(a) Name the instrument

i) P:_____________________________________

ii) Q: ____________________________________
[2 marks]

(b) If the value of rheostat R is increased, what is the effect on the reading of
i) P:_____________________________________

ii) Q: ____________________________________
[2 marks]

2 Diagram 2.1 shows a metal block A of mass 500 g at initial temperature 120 oC is placed
in contact with another metal block B of mass 300 g at room temperature.
Diagram 2.2 shows the graph of temperature against time for block A until it reaches
thermal equilibrium.

Diagram 2.1 Diagram 2.2

(a) What is meant by thermal equilibrium?

____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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(b) What is the temperature of block A when it is in thermal equilibrium?

____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(c) Explain how block A achieve thermal equilibrium.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(d) Calculate the amount of heat lost by block A when it achieves thermal equilibrium.
[Specific heat capacity of A = 400 J kg-1 oC-1]

[2 marks]

3 Diagram 3 below shows the pattern of the water wave when the water waves propagated
from the sea to the beach.

Laut Tanjung
Sea Cape

Pantai
Beach

Teluk
Bay

Diagram 3

(a) Name the phenomenon that involved in the above observation.

____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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(b) Which of the following physical quantity decreases when the water waves
propagated from the sea to the beach? Tick (√) in the correct box.

Speed Wavelength Frequency

[1 mark]

(c) The water waves with a wavelength of 1.2 m travels with velocity 2.5 m s-1 from the
sea to the beach. The velocity of the waves when reaching the beach is 1.8 m s-1.
Calculate:
i) The frequency of water waves

[2 marks]

ii) The wavelength when reaching the beach

[2 marks]

4 Diagram 4.1 shows a submarine. Diagram 4.2 shows an Instrument X used in a

submarine.

Diagram 4.1

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Diagram 4.2

Instrument X is used to see object above the water.

(a) Name the instrument X.

____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) Complete the Diagram 4.2 with the correct arrangement of two prisms M and N,
light ray and image formed on Instrument X.
[3 marks]

(c) Instrument X use prism instead of mirror in its structure. Give one reason.

____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(d) State the phenomena related to Instrument X.

____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(e) Calculate the critical angle of the prism if the refraction index of prism is 1.32.

[1 mark]

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5 Diagram 5.1 and 5.2 show two identical springs supporting two babies, P and Q, of mass,
5 kg and 8 kg respectively.

Diagram 5.1 Diagram 5.2

(a) What is the meaning of mass?

____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) Observe Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2,

i) compare the mass of the baby

________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

ii) compare the extension of the spring, y.

________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

iii) compare the spring constant of the spring

________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(c) i) Relate the mass of the baby with the extension of the spring.

________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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ii) State the physics law involved.

________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(d) Another identical spring is hung parallel with the spring in Diagram 5.1.
i) What happens to the extension of the spring?

________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

ii) Give one reason to the answer in 5(d)(i).

________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

6 Diagram 6.1 and 6.2 shows four identical bulbs, W, X, Y and Z connected to a battery.
6V
6V

X Y

V W
Z

Diagram 6.1 Diagram 6.2

(a) State Ohm’s Law?

____________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) Observe diagram 6.1 and diagram 6.2, compare the brightness of the bulbs.
i) V and W

________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

ii) Y and Z

________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

iii) V and X

________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

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(c) Diagram below shows a circuit consists of electrical appliances.

240V bekalan utama

240V main supply

Seterika
Lampu Komputer elektrik
riba Peti sejuk
Lamp Laptop Electric Refrigerator
iron

Table below shows the power rating and energy consumption per day of the
electrical appliances shown in diagram above.

Appliance Number of Power of each Number of hours

appliances appliance (W) used per day
Lamp 9 60 10 hours
Laptop 2 50 6 hours
Electric iron 1 2000 3 hours
Refrigerator 1 400 24 hours

i) Explain why the appliances are connected in parallel.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
ii) Calculate total energy consumed in 30 days.

[2 marks]

iii) If the cost of electricity is 20 cent for the first 200 units and 24 cent for the next
900 units, calculate the total cost of using the electrical appliances for 30 days.

[1 mark]

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7 Diagram 7.1 shows a man running a 100 m race with an acceleration of 1.12 m s-2. He
reached a final velocity of 11.82 m s-1 at the finishing line.

Diagram 7.1

(a) What is the meaning of acceleration?

___________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) Calculate the time taken by the man to reach the finishing line.

[2 marks]

(c) The man should wear proper attire and shoes, and use additional equipment to
make him run faster and achieve maximum acceleration.
Suggest modifications that can be made by the man through these aspects:
i) Type of attire

______________________________________________________________

Reason

______________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

ii) Type of shoes

______________________________________________________________

Reason

______________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

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iii) Additional equipment

______________________________________________________________

Reason

______________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

(d) An athlete for 100 m sprint event moved with a constant acceleration in the first 5 s
and continue with constant velocity for another 6 s.
Sketch a velocity-time graph in Diagram 7.2 to describe the movement of the
athlete.

[1 mark]

8 Diagram 8 shows a 300 W electric heater placed in a beaker of water on an electronic

balance.

(a) How much heat is produced by the electric heater in a minute?

[1 mark]

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(b) The water in the beaker, of mass 0.5 kg, is heated from 35 oC to 100 oC.
Calculate the time taken.
[Specific heat capacity of water = 4 200 J kg-1 oC-1]

[2 marks]

(c) When water is boiling, the reading on the electronic balance decreased by 0.0155 kg
in 2 minutes.
Calculate the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water.

[2 marks]

(d) A chef needs to select a frying pan so that his customers’ waiting time for food can
be reduced. The mass of the frying pan is fixed as 1.0 kg. Room temperature is
30 oC and the ideal cooking temperature is 210 oC.
i) Table 8 shows three shortlisted frying pans with their respective power and
specific heat capacity.

Frying Specific heat capacity / Operating power/ Time required/

pan J kg-1 K-1 W s
P 300 2000
Q 400 3000
R 600 3500
Table 8

Calculate the time required by the three frying pans to be ready for cooking.

ii) Which frying pan should be chosen by the chef? State the reason for his choice.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

iii) Suggest to the chef two other important properties in selecting the frying pan.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]

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SECTION B
Answer one question.
[20 marks]

9 (a) Diagram 9.1, Diagram 9.2 and Diagram 9.3 shows identical wooden blocks floats at
different depth in three types of liquid of different densities.

i) What is meant by density?

[1 mark]

ii) Using the Diagram 9.1, Diagram 9.2 and Diagram 9.3, compare the density of
liquid, the depth of block that sinks in the liquid and the volume of the liquid
displaced by the wooden blocks. Relate the depth of block that sinks in the
liquid and the volume of liquid displaced to make a deduction regarding the
relationship between the depth of block that sinks in the liquid and weight of
water displaced.
[5 marks]

(b) Explain how the submarine float and submerge in the sea water.
[4 marks]

(c) Diagram 9.4 shows a submarine.

You are required to give some suggestion to design a submarine which can float and
submerge deeper in sea and also can travel faster. Using the knowledge on motion,
forces and properties of materials, explain the suggestions based on the following
aspects:
i) The shape of the submarine
ii) Material used to built the body of the submarine
iii) The method use to float and submerge the submarine in sea
iv) The device use to view objects on the sea surface
v) Type of energy resource use to generate power
[10 marks]

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10 Diagram 10.1 shows two electric circuits. Each circuit contains four identical batteries
marked 1.5 V, a bulb and an ammeter.
Diagram 10.2 shows the readings of the ammeters for two circuits.

(a) State the energy transformation that takes place in the bulb.
[1 mark]

(b) Observe Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2. Compare the arrangement of batteries in
the circuits, the voltage supplied and the readings of the ammeters.
State the relationship between the brightness of the bulb and
i) The voltage supplied
ii) The current that flows in the circuit
[5 marks]

(c) Diagram 10.3 shows the wires in a three-pin plug. An electrician forgets to connect
the earth wire as shown in Diagram 10.3. Explain why it is not safe to use this
three-pin plug.

[4 marks]

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(d) Diagram 10.4 shows a wiring in a cabin consisting of an immersion heater,

filament bulb and electric iron.

Using your knowledge on electricity, suggest and explain the suitable designs or
ways to:
i) make the wiring more effective
ii) protect electric appliances from damage
iii) prevent electric shock
iv) increase energy efficiency
[10 marks]

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SECTION C
Answer one question.
[20 marks]

11 Diagram 1.1 shows a ray of light passing through a catseye reflector P fixed on the edge of
the road.

(a) i) Name the light phenomenon occurring at point Y.

[1 mark]

ii) Give one reason for using catseye reflectors along the edge of a winding road.
[1 mark]

(b) When light travels from X to Y, state the changes that happen to the light regarding
its:
i) frequency
ii) velocity
[2 marks]

(c) Compare
i) The refractive indexes of material P and Q.
ii) The incident angle of light at Y and the critical angle of material P.
[2 marks]

(d) Diagram 11.2 shows a ray of light entering a diamond which has a refractive index of
2.46.

i) What is the critical angle of the diamond?

[2 marks]

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ii) Copy Diagram 11.2 and complete the path of the light ray after point K.
[2 marks]

(e) Diagram 11.3 shows an endoscope which depends largely on optical fibres for its
function in showing the inside of an organ. It is able to provide light for illumination
and the image can be seen through a flexible lens-telescope.

Table 11 shows the features of five types of optical fibres.

Optical Features of optical Flexibility of Strength 𝒏

Ratio
fibres fibres fibres against 𝒏

breaking
V Single fine fibre Very high Very high =1
W Single thick fibre High High >1
X A few line fibres High Very high <1
Y A few fine fibres Very high Very high >1
Z A few thick fibres High High >1
Table 11
ni = refractive index of the inner core
no = refractive index of the outer cladding

You are required to choose the most suitable optical fibre for use in the endoscope.
Explain the suitability of the features of the optical fibres listed in Table 11.
Determine the most suitable optical fibre to be used in the endoscope. Give reasons
for your choice.
[10 marks]

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12 Sonar equipment on a ship produces an ultrasonic sound. A fishing boat uses the sound
echo to determine the depth of seabed. You are assigned to investigate the suitable
characteristics of the waves that could be used to determine the depth of the seabed.

(a) State one phenomenon of waves that produces ‘echo’.

[1 mark]

(b) Radio wave is used to detect the position of an aeroplane and sonar technique is used
to detect the position of fishes below the boat.
i) State the difference between radio waves and sound waves.
[2 marks]

ii) Explain why the speed of sound is greater in water than that in air?
[2 mark]

(c) Table 12 shows the specification of five waves, P, Q R,S and T can be used to
determine the position of a shoal of fishes.

Wave Type of waves Frequency Velocity Penetrating

(Hz) (m s-1) Power
P Transverse High 3 × 108 Low
Q Longitudinal Low 330 Moderate
R Transverse High 330 Low
S Longitudinal High 1500 High
T Transverse Low 3 × 108 High

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You are required to determine the most suitable wave. Study the specifications of the
waves based on the following aspects:
i) The type waves transmitted
ii) The frequency of the waves
iii) The velocity of the waves
iv) Penetrating power of lens
[10 marks]

(d) i) 1
If the time taken for the return of the echo is s, calculate the depth of the shoal
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of fishes below the boat if the velocity of sound in water is 1500 m s-1.
ii) State three other uses of an ultrasound.
[5 marks]

~ THE END ~

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