Republic of the Philippines

Province of Davao del Norte

City of Tagum

CITY AGRICULTURE OFFICE

UNLADSAKA RICE PRODUCTION GUIDE FOR 1 HECTARE

I. Choosing The Appropriate Variety

 Use certified seeds

 Use location-specific variety (refer to AT)
 Use 20 kg of rice seeds

II. Land Preparation

 Start land preparation after a follow period (30 days).

 Scatter rice straw over the field prior to primary tillage or right after harvest. This allows
enough period for decomposition of rice straw.
 Use Trichoderma to hasten decomposition of rice straw. (optional)
 Check and fix the dikes and ditches.
 Irrigate the field until soft enough.
 Perform primary tillage (Use any of the following: mold board plow, disc plow, floating
tiller). Plow the field 12 inches deeper for better root penetration.
 Keep the field submerged for 5 days to soften clods and decompose all organic
materials.
 Harrow the field 2-3 times at 5-7 days interval.
-1st harrowing: along the plowing pattern
-2nd harrowing: crosswise pattern
-3rd and final harrowing: done a day before crop establishment; served as initial land
leveling
 Level the field using wooden plank. A leveled field can contribute to proper water,
nutrient and pest management.

III. Crop Establishment

 Soak seeds for 24 hours in running or clean water.

 Incubate seeds for 24-36 hours. (until a white dot appears)
 Provide adequate aeration during incubation by placing seeds on top of a slotted palette
(ex. Tarima)
 Select a seedbed within the area. This should be far from fields infected (diseases) and
any sources of light to avoid attracting adult insect pests (ex. stem borer, BPH, GLH)
 This should be near water source.
 Ensure good soil condition and drainage.
 It is recommended to set-up a 400 sq. m seedbed. This is enough to allow healthy
growth of 20kg rice seeds.
 Provide a 40cm space between beds.
 Raise the seedbed about 4-5 cm.
 Apply 5 bags of organic fertilizer or spray with Biosoil (refer to AT)
 Level the seedbed surface for uniform water distribution and facilitate drainage.
 Sow seeds at 80 g/sq.m.
 Water seedbed 2-3 days after sowing.
 Gradually increase water depending on the height of seedlings.
 Sowing to transplanting: 12-14 days old seedling.
 Apply Biosoil 1 day before transplanting or after final leveling of soil.
 Pull out seedlings a day before or immediately before transplanting.
  Pull seedlings gently to prevent root injury.
 Use straight row planting method (markers). Unladsaka recommends the use of
30x30cm planting distance.
 Plant seedlings as indicated by the markers.Unladsaka recommends one seedling per
hill.
 Replant missing hills after 5-7 days.

IV. Irrigation Water Management

 One week after transplanting, apply minimal irrigationabout 2-3cm to maintain soil
saturation. This controls snail infestation and establishes better soil—root contact.
 Unladsaka recommends to set-up an Observation Well to determine the water depth in
the field. This helps you know when to irrigate the field, thus promoting the practice of
intermittent irrigation or the dry and wet irrigation. (refer to AT)
 During reproductive stage, maintain 3-5cm water depth until 2 weeks before harvest.

V. Nutrient Management

 It is advisable to conduct soil analysis before planting to know exact condition of soil.
 Unladsaka has general recommendation in fertilizer application:

-Broadcast 10 bags of organic fertilizer

-1st application: 12-15 days after transplanting, mix the following fertilizers and
broadcast.

Complete 14-14-14 2 bags

Urea 46-0-0 1 bag
Rhizocote micronutrients 3 kg
Note: Mix first rhizocote and urea and then the triple 14

-2nd application: 42-45 days after transplanting, mix the following fertilizers and
broadcast.

Potash 1 bag
Urea (dry season) 1 bag
Ammonium Sulfate (wet season) 1.5 bags
Rhizocote micronutrient 3 kg
Note: Mix first rhizocote and urea/ammonium and then the potash.

-Apply Rhizocote foliar fertilizer 3 days before every granular application.

 Do not topdress nitrogenous fertilizer when leaves are wet.

 Do not apply urea during the hottest time of the day and/or it is windy to avoid gaseous
nitrogen losses to the atmosphere.

VI. Pest and Disease Management

Not all insects that feed on the rice plants are pests. A species is only considered a pest if
the damage it caused will result in a significant reduction of yield.

 Unladsaka recommends the use of basic concepts, principles and practical application of
Integrated Pest Management (IPM).
 The main objective of IPM is to improve decision-making among farmers.
 Common Pests and How to Control:
 Stem Borer:
-Regular collection of egg mass. Each egg mass can produce 200-300 larva.
-Practice synchronous planting.
 Rice bug:
 -Plant insect-repellant/attractant plants around the field, such as lemon
grass and marigold.
 Golden kuhol:
-Before final harrowing, handpick kuhol in the morning and late in the
afternoon (most active during this hour).
-Use attractants, such as leaves of gabi, banana and papaya in canals to
facilitate easy collection.
-Place wire screen at the water inlets to prevent GAS from transferring to
other fields.
-Collect kuhol after transplanting until early stage of tillering.
-Herd ducks 30-35 days after transplanting.
 Rice black bug:
-Practice synchronous planting.
-In case of heavy infestation, use chemical control. For effective control,
apply irrigation to increase the height of water before spraying insecticide.
 Rat:
-Practice synchronous planting.
-Proper sanitation by removing weeds in the paddies.
-Minimize size of leeves to 15cm wide x 20cm high to avoid rat burrows.
-Destroy burrows.
-Use rodenticides.

 Disease Management:
 Practice synchronous planting.
 Remove diseased plants.
 Practice follow period.
 Dry the field to destroy the weeds and stubble.
 Plant resistant rice varieties.

 Spray fungicide and bactericide, if necessary. Apply it after nitrogenous

fertilizers application.

For more information, updates and verification purposes of this technology transfer, please try to visit
our office at City Agriculture Office, Energy Park, Brgy. Apokon, Tagum City, Davao del Norte or you may
call directly to our personnel project-incharge involved, with mobile no. 09307752567, 09435595499
and 09303835700.