Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
11
SOLUTION
At x = 0, y = b: b = ke0 = k
− ax
Then y = be
1 3 b3 − ax 3
Now dI x = y dx = e dx
3 3
a b3 − ax 3
Then I x = ∫ dI x = ∫0 e dx
3
a
b3 − 3ax b3 −a − 3ax b3a −3
=
3
∫ e dx =
3 3
e =−
9
(e − e0 )
0
ab3
= ( 0.95021) = 0.10558ab3
9
or I x = 0.1056ab3
PROBLEM 9.12
SOLUTION
1 b
At x = a, y = b: b = ka 2 or k =
a
b 12
Then y = x
a
b 52
dI y = x 2 ydx = x dx
a
a
a b 52 4 b 72
Then I y = ∫ dI y = 2∫ 0
x dx = x
a 7 a 0
4 b 72
= a
7 a 12
4 3
or I y = ab
7
PROBLEM 9.13
SOLUTION
At x = 2a, y = b: 2a = kb3 or s
2a 3
Then x= y
b3
b 1
or y = 1
x3
( 2a ) 3
2a b 1
Then I y = ∫a x 2 1
x 3 dx
( 2a ) 3
b 2a 5
= 1 ∫a x 3 dx
( 2a ) 3
2a
b 3 103
= 1
x
( 2a ) 3 10
a
3b 2a 103 − a 103
= 1 ( )
10 ( 2a ) 3
3ba3 103
2 − 1 3
10
= 1
10 ( 2 ) 3
= 2.1619a3b
or I y = 2.16a3b
PROBLEM 9.14
SOLUTION
At x = 0, y = b: b = ke0 = k
− ax
Then y = be
−x
= x 2be a dx
a −x a −x
Then I y = ∫ dI y = ∫0 bx 2e a dx = b∫0 x 2e a dx
a
− ∫0 −ae a 2 xdx
a −x −x a −x
Then I y = ∫0 x 2e a dx = b −ax 2e a
0
= b −a3e −1 + 2a ∫0 xe a dx
a −x
Again use integration by parts:
−x
u = x dv = e a dx
− ax
du = dx v = −ae
PROBLEM 9.14 CONTINUED
a
− ∫0 −ae dx
a −x − ax a − ax
Then ∫0 xe a dx = −axe
0
a
− ax
= −a 2e−1 − a 2e = −a 2e−1 − a 2e−1 + a 2e0
0
= −2a 2e −1 + a 2
Finally, ( )
I y = b −a 3e −1 + 2a −2a 2e −1 + a 2 = ba3 −5e −1 + 2
( )
= 0.1606ba3
or I y = 0.1606ba3
PROBLEM 9.15
Determine the moment of inertia and the radius of gyration of the shaded
area shown with respect to the x axis.
SOLUTION
At x = a, y1 = y2 = b
b
y1: b = ma or m=
a
b
y2: b = ka3 or k =
a3
b a
Then y1 = x or x1 = y
a b
b 3 a 1
y2 = x or x2 = 1 y 3
a3 3
b
a 1 a
Now dA = ( x2 − x1 ) dy = 1 y 3 − y dy
3 b
b
b
b a a 1 a 3 4 a 1 2
A = 2∫ dA = 2∫
0
y − 3 y dy = 2 1 y 3 − y
1
b
b3 b 3 4 b 2
0
3ab 1
= − ab = ab
2 2
a 1 a
Then dI x = y 2dA = y 2 1 y 3 − y dy
3 b
b
b
y 73
y 3 3 y 103 y 4
Now I x = 2∫ dI x = 2a ∫
b
− dy = 2a −
01
b 10 13 4b
b b
3
0
3 b3 3 1
= 2a b3 − = 2ab3 −
10 4 10 4
1 3
or I x = ab
10
1 ab3
Ix 1 2
And k x2 = = 10
1 ab
= b
A 2
5
b
kx =
5
PROBLEM 9.16
Determine the moment of inertia and the radius of gyration of the shaded
area shown with respect to the x axis.
SOLUTION
1
At x = a, y = b: b = k1a 4 b = k2a 4
b b
or k1 = k2 =
a4
1
a4
b 4 b 1
Then y1 = x y2 = x4
a4
1
a 4
a 1 a 4
and x1 = y4 x2 = y
b4
1
b 4
1 x4
a x4
Now A = ∫ ( y2 − y1 ) dx = b∫0 1 − 4 dx
a4 a
a
4 x 54 1 x5
= b − = 3 ab
1 4
5 a4 5 a 5
0
Then I x = ∫ y 2dA dA = ( x1 − x2 ) dy
b 2
a 1 a 4
Ix = ∫0 y y4 − y dy
b 4
1
b 4
b
4 y 134 1 y 7
= a −
1
13 b 4 7 b4
0
4 1
= ab3 −
13 7
15 3
or I x = ab
91
15 ab3
Ix 25 2
Now kx = = 91
3 ab
= b = 0.52414b
A 5
91
or k x = 0.524b
PROBLEM 9.17
Determine the moment of inertia and the radius of gyration of the shaded
area shown with respect to the y axis.
SOLUTION
At x = a, y1 = y2 = b
b
y1: b = ka3 or k =
a3
b
y2: b = ma or m=
a
b 3
Then y1 = x
a3
b
y2 = x
a
b b
Now dA = ( y2 − y1 ) dx = x − 3 x3 dx
a a
a
b a x3 b 1 1
A = ∫ dA = 2 ∫0 x − 2 dx = 2 x 2 − 2 x 4
a a a 2 4a 0
b a2 1 1
=2 − 2 a 4 = ab
a 2 4a 2
b 3 x 5
Now dI y = x 2dA = x − 2 dx
a a
a b a x5
Then I y = ∫0 dI y = 2 ∫0 x3 − 2 dx
a a
a
b 1 1 b a 4 1 a6
= 2 x 4 − 2 x6 = 2 −
a 4 6a 0 a 4 6 a 2
1 3 1 3
= ab or I y = ab
6 6
Iy 1 a 3b
1 2 a
And k y2 = = 6
1 ab
= a or k y =
A 2
3 3
PROBLEM 9.18
Determine the moment of inertia and the radius of gyration of the shaded
area shown with respect to the y axis.
1
SOLUTION At x = a, y = b: b = k1a 4 b = k2a 4
b b
or k1 = k2 =
a4
1
a4
b 4 b 1
Then y1 = x and y2 = x4
a4
1
a 4
x 14 x 4
A = ∫ ( y2 − y1 ) dx = b∫
a
Now − dx
0
a4
1
a
4
a
4 x 54 1 x5
= b − = 3 ab
1 4
5 a4 5 a 5
0
Now I y = ∫ x 2dA dA = ( y2 − y1 ) dx
a b 1 b
Then I y = ∫0 x 2 1 x 4 − 4 x 4 dx
4 a
a
9 x6
a x4
= b ∫0 1 − 4 dx
a4 a
a
4 x 134 1 x7
= b −
13 a 14 7 a4
0
4 1
= b a3 − a3
13 7
15 3
or I y = ab
91
Iy 15 a 3b
25
Now ky = = 91
3 ab
= a = 0.52414a
A 5
91
or k y = 0.524a
PROBLEMS 9.19 AND 9.20
P 9.19 Determine the moment of inertia and the radius of gyration of the
shaded area shown with respect to the x axis.
P 9.20 Determine the moment of inertia and the radius of gyration of the
shaded area shown with respect to the y axis.
SOLUTION
First determine constants m, b, and c
y1: at x = 2a, y =0
0 = m ( 2a ) + b
At x = a, y =h
h = m(a) + b
h
Solving yields m=− b = 2h
a
h
Then y1 = − x + 2h
a
y2: at x = 2a, y =0
0 = c sin k ( 2a )
At x = a, y = 2h
2h = c sin ka
π
sin k ( 2a ) = 0, k ( 2a ) = π , k =
2a
π
Substitute k, 2h = c sin ka yields 2h = c sin or c = 2h
2
π
Then y2 = 2h sin x
2a
To calculate the area of shaded surface, a differential strip parallel to the
y axis is chosen to be dA.
π h
dA = ( y2 − y1 ) dx = 2h sin x − − x + 2h dx
2a a
PROBLEMS 9.19 AND 9.20 CONTINUED
2a π h
A = ∫ dA = ∫0 2h sin x − 2hx + x dx
2a a
2a
4a π x2
= h − cos x − 2x +
π 2a 2a a
4a π ( 2a )2
= h − cos 2a − 2 ( 2a ) +
π 2a 2a
4a π a2
− h − cos a − 2 ( a ) +
π 2a 2a
4a a 4 1
= h − 4a + 2a − h −2a + = ah −
π 2 π 2
A = 0.77324ah
2a
PROBLEM 9.19 Moment of inertia I x = ∫a dI x
where dI x =
3
(
1 3
y2 − y13 dx )
1 h
3 3
π
Now dI x = 2h sin x − 2h − x dx
3 2a a
1 3 3 π x
3
3
= 8h sin x − h 2 − dx
3 2a a
3
8h3 2a 3 π h3 2 a x
Then Ix = ∫−a
sin xdx − ∫a
2 − dx
3 2a 3 a
3 π π 2 π
Now ∫ sin 2a xdx = ∫ sin 2a x 1 − cos 2a x dx
π π π
= ∫ sin x dx − ∫ sin x cos 2 x dx
2a 2a 2a
2a π 2a π
= − cos x+ cos3 x
π 2a 3π 2a
2a
2a π 2a π 1 π
Then ∫a
sin 3 x dx = − cos x − cos3 x
2 π 2a 3 2a a
2a 1 4a
=− −1 + =
π 3 3π
PROBLEMS 9.19 AND 9.20 CONTINUED
2a
3 4
2a x a x
And ∫a
− dx = − 2 −
2
a 4 a
a
4 4
a 2a a a a
= − 2 − + 2 − =
4 a 4 a 4
8h3 4a h3 a h3a 32 1
Then Ix = − = −
3 3π 3 4 3 3π 4
I x = 1.0484ah3
Ix 1.0484ah3
and kx = = = 1.1644h
A 0.77324ah
k x = 1.164h
PROBLEM 9.20
I y = ∫ dI y
dI y = x 2dA dA = ( y2 − y1 ) dx
h π
From Problem 9.19 y1 = 2h − x y2 = 2h sin x
a 2a
π x3
Now dI y = 2hx 2 sin x − h 2 x 2 − dx
2a a
2a 2a πx x3
Then I y = ∫a dI y = h ∫a 2 x 2 sin − 2x2 + dx
2a a
2 π 2 2a π 2a π
Then ∫ x sin 2a xdx = x − π cos 2a x − ∫ − π cos 2a x 2 xdx
PROBLEM 9.20 CONTINUED
π
Now let u = x dv = cos xdx
2a
2a π
du = dx v= sin x
π 2a
2 π 2a 2 π 4a 2a π
2a π
Then ∫ x sin 2a xdx = − π x cos 2a x + π x π sin 2a x − ∫ π sin 2a x dx
2a
2a 2 π 8a 2 π 4a 2 2a π 1 3 1 4
Finally, I y = 2h − x cos x + 2 x sin x+ 2 cos x − x + x
π 2a π 2a π π 2a 3 8a
a
2a 16a3 ( 2a )
3
1 8a 2 a3 a 4
= 2h ( 2a ) − 3 − ( 2a )4 − 2 a + − = 1.5231a3h
2
+
π π 3 8a π 3 8a
I y = 1.523a3h
Iy 1.5231a3h
and k y2 = = = 1.4035a 2
A 0.77324
k y = 1.404a