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FIGURE 1
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
The active ingredients are the
compounds identified according to
IUPAC nomenclature as 5-chloro-2-
methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and
2-methyl-4-i soth iazol in-3-one.
FIGURE 2
STRUCTURAL FORMULAS OF ACTIVE INGREDIENTS
Component 1 Component 2
o o
Cl
5-Chloro-2-methyl-4- 2-Methyl-4-
isothiazolin-3-one isothiazolin-3-one
CAS Registry No. CAS Registry No.
26172-55-4 2682-20-4
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION*
(These do not constitute specifications)
TABLE 2
MICROBIOSTATIC CONCENTRATIONS OF KATHON FP 1.5 MICROBICIDE AGAINST BACTERIA
Gram Positive
Bacillus cereus var. mycoides RandH #L5 130 2
Bacillus subtilis RandH #B2 130 2
Brevibacterium ammoniagenes 6871 130 2
Cellulomonas sp. 21399 400 6
Sarcina lutea 9341 330 5
Staphylococcus aureus 6538 130 2
Staphylococcus epiderm idis 155 130 2
Streptomyces albus 3004 70 1
Gram Negative
Achromobacter parvulus 4335 130 2
Alcaligenes faecalis 8750 130 2
Azotobacter vinelandii 12837 330 5
Enterobacter aerogenes 3906 330 5
Escherichia coli 11229 330 5
Desulfovibrio desulfuricans'> ADI strain 170 2.5
Flavobacterium suaveolens 958 600 9
Proteus vulgaris 8427 330 5
Pseudomonas aeruqinosa" 15442 330 5
Pseudomonas fluorescens 13525 130 2
Pseudomonas oleoverans 8062 330 5
Salmonella typhosa 6539 330 5
Shigella sonnei 9290 130 2
7
TABLE 3
MICROBIOSTATIC CONCENTRATIONS OF KATHON FP 1.5 MICROBICIDE AGAINST FUNGI
Cladosporium
(Hormonoconis) resinae- 11274 330 5
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(yeast) 2601 130 2
Trichosporon- 130 2
1 Sulfate-reducing Bacteria.
2The most common fouling agent in middle distillate fuel. Can cause plugging of lines and filters, haziness, and corrosion.
3Frequently found in contaminated fuel.
8
ERADICATION OF MICROBIAL
GROWTH IN CONTAMINATED
SYSTEMS
KATHON FP 1.5 microbicide
begins to reduce microbial populations
in contaminated fuel systems within 5
hours. Complete control of microbial
growth is achieved in 24 to 72 hours.
Under the same conditions, competitive
biocides do not act as quickly. Table 4
and Figures 3 and 4 show the relative
effectiveness of KATHON FP 1.5 micro-
bicide, compared with a widely used
competitive biocide, in contaminated
fuel samples. KATHON FP 1.5 micro-
bicide decreases microbial populations
quickly, and has an even more rapid
effect on fungal populations when com-
pared with the competitive biocide.
TABLE 4
ERADICATION OF MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION IN FOULED NO. 1 FUEL
FIGURE 3
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF KATHON FP 1.5 MICROBICIDE AND A COMPETITIVE
BIOCIDE IN JET A AVIATION FUEL
Fungal Inoculum
-.::
QJ 6
>
QJ
-.J
C
o .
~E
c~
.- :J
ELL 4
.;gu
C _
0 0
U CJ)
-0
<1l-.J
:0
0 2
.~
~
FIGURE 4
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF KATHON FP 1.5 MICROBICIDE AND A COMPETITIVE
BIOCIDE IN JET A AVIATION FUEL
Bacterial and Fungal Inoculum
-QJ
>
QJ
-.J 6
C
o:!:....
:;:::;E
<1l~
C:J
'E LL
<1lU
Co
0
4
U CJ)
0
(ii-.J
:0
0
0
~ 2
FIGURE 5
LONG TERM PRESERVATION OF DISTILLATE FUELS
Microbial contamination level (CFU/ml* expressed as 10910)
No Growth
2
Control A B
Preservatives
~\
C D
PERSISTENT EFFECTIVENESS
Treated Systems Resist Recontamination
When used at low levels, KATHON
FP 1.5 microbicide will prevent micro-
biological contamination of clean fuels.
Figure 6 represents the introduction of a
large microbial inoculum to clean fuel
containing either KATHON FP 1.5
microbicide or a competitive biocide at
their minimum and maximum recom-
mended use levels. Under these
conditions, 50 ppm KATHON FP 1.5
microbicide reduced microbial counts
in the fuel even faster than the highest
recommended use level for the compet-
itive biocide.
FIGURE 6
EFFECTIVENESS OF KATHON FP 1.5 AND A COMPETITIVE BIOCIDE IN
PREVENTING CONTAMINATION OF A "CLEAN" FUEL
10
Control-No Biocide
8
-Q)
>Q)
...J
C
o!... Competitive Biocide-135 ppm
-';:::;E
co~ 6
.~~
ELL
co()
Co
0
()Ol
cu...J0
4
is
0
U
~
o 2 7 14
Time (Days)
TABLE 5
PROTECTION OF CLEAN FUEL AFTER CONTAMINATION WITH FOULED FUEL
UNDERGOING DISINFECTION
a-Fouled medium treated with biocide 5 days prior to b--4 + = heavy growth; 0 = no growth.
being used as inoculum. Inoculum dilution: 1/20 in
sterile aqueous phase and 1/2000 in sterile jet fuel phase.
13
TABLE 6
APPROXIMATE LEVELS OF KATHON FP 1.5 ACTIVE INGREDIENT IN FUEL STORAGE TANKS
Fuel Water
a-KATHON FP 1.5 microbicide contains 1.5% active c- The concentration of the total active ingredient was
ingredient. To determine the product use level, calculated using the partition coefficient for each
divide the active ingredient level by 0.015. active component (given in Table 1 Physical and
For Example: Chemical Properties) then combining these levels
1.5 ppm a.i. _ 100 ppm KATHON FP 1.5 to yield the total concentration.
.015 - microbicide as supplied.
b-If the actual dosage of active ingredient used is
different, multiply the total active ingredient
concentration in each phase by the ratio of the
actual dosage to the 1.5 ppm a.i. level used in the
table.
For Example: Actual dosage of active ingredient
= 2.8 ppm at 1000:1 fuel:water ratio.
2.8 x 1 4 = 2 61 ppm
1.5 . .
14
FIGURE 7
LEVEL OF KATHON FP 1.5 MICROBICIDE REMAINING
AFTER MULTIPLE TRANSFERS OF THE FUEL
100%
88%
U')
~
Cl.. 01
LLc 75%
z:~
Ocu
IE
r-(l)
<t:a:
~(l)
- "0
cu .-u 50%
._
:=:0
Eo
-b
c·-
2S~
Qj 25%
o,
TABLE 7
KATHON FP 1.5
Dosages'
Maintenance doses:
(ppm of product)
50-75 0.5 gallons 50 gallons 2.5 gallons 50-75 liters
Curative Doses:
100-125 1 gallon 100 gallons 5 gallons 100-125 Iiters
150-200 1.5 gallons 150 gallons 10 gallons 150-200 liters
TABLE 8
TOXICITY OF KATHON FP 1.5 MICROBICIDE TO AQUATIC SPECIES AND WILDLlFE*
17
TABLE 9B
DEACTIVATION SOLUTION VOLUMES FOR NEUTRALIZING
1000 GALLONS (4.5 M3) FUEL TANK WATER BOTTOM
TABLE 10
THE EFFECT OF DEACTIVATED SOLUTIONS OF KATHON FP 1.5 MICROBICIDE ON THE
MORTALITY OF BLUEGILL SUNFISH (LEPOMIS MICROCHIRUS)
Water o o o o
KATHON FP 1.5 Microbicide* 2.0 100 100 100 100
Sodium bisulfite solution 100 o o o o
Deactivated
KATHON FP 1.5 Microbicide/
Sodium bisulfite mixture 2.0/100 o o o o
*Based on aqueous solution of 1.5% active ingredient.
19
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF
KATHON FP 1.5 MICROBICIDE
Biodegradability
KATHON FP 1.5 microbicide is
readily biodegradable at very low
levels. Radioassays of natural river
water, as shown in Figure 8, indicate
that the length of time required for com-
plete dissipation is dependent on initial
concentrations.
FIGURE 8
KATHON FP 1.5 MICROBICIDE DISSIPATION IN RIVER WATER
Percent of Each Active Component Remaining
100~_ .••••••
~ _
90
.
(')
80
z
z
~ 70
~
UJ
a:
~ 60
z
UJ
z
0
0...
50
~
0
U
I 40
o
«
UJ
u,
0 30
J2. 0.06 ppm Component 1
0
20
10
o 2 4 7 14 35
DAYS