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APPENDIX - I

LIST OF SCHEDULED CASTES THROUGHOUT THE


STATE OF TAMIL NADU

1. Adi Andhra
2. Adi Dravida
3. Adi Karnataka
4. Aj ii a
5. Arunthathiyar
6. Ayyanavar (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli
Kattabomman District).
7. Baira
8. Bakuda
9. Bandi
10. Bellara
11. Bharatar (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-
Kattabornman District)
12. Chakkill iyan
13. Chalavadi
14. Chamar, Muchi
15. Chandala
16. Cheruman
17. Devendrakulathan
18. Dom, Dombara, Paidi, Pane
19. Domban
20. Godagali
21. Godda
22. Gosangi
23. Holeya
24. Jaggal i
25. Jambuvulu
26. Kadaivan
27. Kakk1an (in Kanniyakumari Dist. and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-
Kattabomman District)
28. Kalladi
29. Kanakkan, Padanna (in the Nilgiris District)
30. Karimpalan
31. Kavara (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-
Kattabomman District)
32. Koliyan
33. Koosa
34. Kootan, Koodan (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Tauk of
Tirunelvel i-Kattabomrnan 'District)
35. Kudumban
37. Madri
38. Madiga
39. Maila
40. Mala

274
41 Mannan (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-
Kattabomman District)
42. M av ii an
43. Moger
44. Mundala
45. Nalakeyava
46. Nayadi
47. Padannan (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-
Kattabomman District)
48. Pagadai
49. Pa an
50. Palluvan
51. Pambada
52. F'anan (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli .
-KatbomnDisrc)
53. Panchama
54. Pannadi
55. Panniandi
56. Paraiyan, Parayan, Sambavar
57. Paravan (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-
Kattabomman District)
58. Pathiyan (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-
Kattabomman District)
59. Pulayan, Cheramar
60. Puthirai Vannan
61. Raneyar
62. Samagara
63. Samban
64. Sapari
65. Semman
66. Thandan (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-
Kattabornman District)
67. Thoti
68. Tiruvalluvar
69. Val ion
70. Valluvan
71. Vannan (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli -
Kattabomman District)
72. Vathiriyan
73. Velan
74. Venganur Adi - Dravidar (in North Arm Ambedkar and Tiruvannamalai
Sambuvarayar District)
75 VeppurParayan (in South Arcot District)
76 Vetan (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-
Kainibomman District)
77 Vettiyan
78 Vettuvan (in Kanniyakumari District and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli-
Kattabomman District)

275
APPENDIX - H
LIST OF SCHOOLS FROM WIIICH THE SAMPLE WAS DRAWN

The schools from which the sample was drawn were,

1. A.V.Rm.V. Government Girls' Higher Secondary School, Ambasamudram.

2. Government Higher Secondary School, Gangaikondan.

3. T.K.D. Girls' Higher Secondary School, Kuttalam.

4. Adi Dravidar and Tribal Welfare Higher Secondary School, Nallammalpuram.

5. Mary Sargent Girls' Higher Secondary School, Palayankottai.

6. Sarah Tucker Higher Secondary School, Palayankottai.

7. Government Girls' Higher Secondary School, Sankarankovil.

8. S.R.M. Government Girls' Higher Secondary School, Shencottah.

9. Thirumathi Manjammal Government Girls' Higher Secondary School, Tenkasi.

10. T.D.T.A. Higher Secondary School, Ukkirankottai.

11. Government Higher Secondary School, Vannikonandal.

12. Government Higher Secondary School, Vasudevanallur.

276
APPENDIX - III (a)

GENERAL INFORMATION SHEET

Name
Subject
Class:
Name of the School:
Place of residence: Taluk District

Age and Date of Birth:


Hindu/Christian/Muslim
Religion:
Cast: (a) SC/ST/B.C/M.B.C./O.0
(b) Sub-Caste

277
APPENDIX - III (b)
MULTI-DIMENSIONAL PERSONALITY INVENTORY
Agarwal (1979)

INSTRUCTIONS

Some statements are give here along with three alternative answers-
'Yes', 'Some times' and 'No'. Please go through them carefully. If you totally
agree to a statement then tick (4 mark 'Yes' and if you do not agree then tick (-)
mark 'No'. Similarly, if the statement is applicable on you only sometimes then tick
('4 mark 'Sometimes'. There is no time limit but still try your best to complete it at
the earliest without leaving any. Respond to all the statements without any
hesitation. Your answers will be confidential.

S.No. Statements Yes Sometimes No

A
(Extroversion-Introversion)
1. 1 wish to work alone so that I may be able to
do it according to myself.

2. A work done in co-operation gets spoiled.

3. Unless I have some work with people, I do not


meet them.
4. In social functions I go with my friends.

5. I don't get pleasure until friends are seated


beside me in office or Picture hail.

278
S.No. Statements Yes Sometimes No

6. I take care of the pleasure - sorrow of the


neighbours.

7. 1 do not hesitate in disclosing other's faults.

8. Even after knowing the faults and weakness of


others, I work according to myself only.

9. It is my habit to make friend even the unknown


person at a new place.

10. Often on seeing me my friends say that I do


not take their suggestion in my work.

11. Often I share my belongings with others.

12. Often I sit alone and read.

13. I get pleasure in reading in a closed room


when the radio is on rather than reading jointly
with friends.

14. I have very few friends because I suspect


them.

15. I easily get my work done from the unknown


persons.

16. I disclose my secrets to others.

17. 1 feel very happy in taking active part in social


activities.

279
S.No. Statements Yes Sometimes No

18. Thinking that such things happen often in the


world, I do not take part in pleasure - sorrow
activities of the Society.

19. Whenever the events of the past come into my


mind, I feel very upset.

20. Whenever I travel, several travelers become


my friend.

KII

(Self-Concept)
1. I consider myself as an efficient person.

2. I wish my friends should honour me.

3. 1 am capable of doing everything.

4. I think that I am very powerful

5. I believe on my labour and ability.

6. I have many qualities due to which I myself


find solution of several problems.

7. I work according to my own wish.

8. 1 ponder over my problems myself.

9. People know it very well that I do have all


qualities.

280
10. I can do everything.

11. 1give priority to the present and do not think


of future.

12. I do not care of others anger.

13. All praise me and my work.

14. 1 am of stubborn nature.

15. My friends consider me very proudy.

16. 1 easily influence anyone from my personal


appearance.

17. 1 am immediately touched by anyone's grief.

18. I am expert in finding solutions of problems.

19. Before asking for my rights, I see whether I


fulfill my duties or not.
20. I have the feeling of becoming a very rich
man.

ES

(Dependence-Independence)
1. I wish to do such work so that I may become
self-dependent.
2. I solve my problems in such a manner that I
may lead a happy life.
3. I like such syllables that may help to attain job
in future.

281

S.No. Statements Yes Sometimes No

4. I am grown-up now, as such wish to seriously


work for a job.
5. I don't wish to be a burden on family and
society.
6. My working procedure is such that everybody
like me.
7. 1 get angry when my parents too much control
my activities.
8. 1 do not bother about service because on the
basis of ability I will get the service.
9. 1 feel myself to be mentally mature.
10. I like to work without any help.
11. 1 like to work rather than living in fantasy.
12. I believe in the theory that outcome will
certainly be the result of one's work.
13. I don't do any such work for which I may be
frightened.
14. Seeing my self-dependency, people think that I
will become a very rich man.
15. I don't like any interference in my thoughts
and work.
16. I am not a burden for my parents.
17. I don't like anybody to object me in roaming
about with my friends.
18. I like to be alone because many of the plans I
make myself.
19. My botheration is that people do not consider
me self-dependent.
20. My friends as well as the family members have
faith on me.

282
S.No. Statements Yes Sometimes No

D
(Temperament)
1. My friends consider my nature to be faulty.
2. I wish my friends do not oppose me.
3. Often I am in trouble on account of my nature.

4. My teachers get irritated on account of my


nature and behaviour.
5. 1 get angry even over minute things.
6. When my friends do not talk with me, I don't
bother about them.
7. Due to my blunt and critical talk my friends do
not behave properly with me.
8. People are jealous over my nature.
9. When I see that people want me to flatter,
then, I hate them.
10. I know that due to my nature, I can't make
many friends.
11. 1 am mentally imbalanced when my family
members ask me to do such work which I
don't want to do.
12. Often my friends take benefit from my
simpleness.
13. Whatever people say, I don't mind.
14. When I am unsuccessful, I become upset for
several days.
15. When the younger one's at home do not obey
me I feel beating them.

283
S.No. Statements Yes Sometimes No

16. When I see my things in disorder, my


behaviour changes.
17. I likethings to be according to me, when it
doesn't happen so, I become upset.
18. Generally my personality is balanced.
19. When I get angry, I don't say anything but
stop taking food.
20. Know in that a certain job is against my
nature, still I go on tolerating it.

E
(Adjustment)
1. I like this world.
2. My friends like me very much.
3. Being intelligent in class, my teachers consider
me a good student.
4. I wish to have a lot of friends and have
friendly terms with them.
5. My friends and family members like me very
much.
6. I consider that there are a lot of means
available for luxury in the world.
7. 1 want to do such work after becoming grown
up that everybody could lead a happy and
luxurious life.
8. My elder and younger brothers and sisters love
me very much.
9. 1 worry over to know that for which job or
business am I able rather than concentrating on
studies.

284
S.No. Statements Yes Sometimes No

10. When I will become educated then only I will


do job.
II. I do not bother whether friendship remains or
not.
12. 1 cannot control my emotions.
13. There is no value of a good man in the world.
14. My father considers my suggestion in every
matter at home.
15. Everybody is eager to have friendship with
me.
16. 1 never oppose my parents.
17. I try to keep everybody happy.
18. My neighbours like me very much.
19. In social activities I energetically take part.
20. Whenever I have time, I share in the household
work.

F
(Anxiety)
1. Sometimes I feel to change the society.
2. Everybody believe that I am not capable of
doing anything.
3. I don't bother over that each individual in the
world suffers from misery on account of one
or the other cause.
5. 1 am free from all anxiety.

285
S.No. Statements Yes Sometimes No

6. 1 like more the sad or sorrowful songs.


7. The cause of my anxiety is my inability in the
studies.
8. 1 fear of failure in the examination.
9. My friends are jealous of me.
10. This world is so selfish that none can live with
truth and honesty.
11. There is danger in each work.
12. Everybody in the world is jealous of me and
hate me.
13. 1 am anxious of getting a good job.
14. Why to worry over job, it will happen what is
in fate.
15. 1 worry over that everybody gets angry with
me.
16. 1 am anxious of becoming self- dependent.
17. 1 am anxious of making my life prosperous.
18. I try to keep proper adjustment with the
society.
19. It worries me how to make good friends.
20. I try to behave nicely with the family
members, but they abuse me even over minute
things.

286
APPENDIX — III (C)

Test of 'g t Culture Fair Scale 2 (Form A)

Cattell and Cattcll (1973)


TEST.
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Key for the Test of 'g' Culture Fair
Scale 2 (Form A)

Answer - Numbers
Question No. ------------------------------ ---------------------
I Test II Test III Test IV Test

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APPENDIX - III (d)
OCCUPATIONAL ASPIRATION SCALE
Srivastava (1976)

INSTRUCTION

A set of questions are given in this sheet concerning your interest in


different kinds of job. There are eight questions each one asking to choose one out
of the ten alternatives presented. Please go through them carefully and respond to
the best one you consider by placing a (/) mark against the occupation of your
choice. Please respond to all the items. Don't leave any.

1. Among the below given occupations which one do you like the best. Choose
only that occupation of which you are confident that you will surely attain after
completing your school education.

1 . 1. Judge .......... 1.6. Hotel waiter.........


1.2. Television Mechanic.... 1.7. Librarian .........
1.3. Pilot/Air Hostess.... 1.8. Singer or Musician....
1.4. Jeweller....... 1 .9. Carpenter .....
1.5. Army Captain ...... 1. 10. Machine Operator .......


2 If you become totally free after completing your school education, then which
occupation would you choose?

2.1. Minister ..... 2.6. Labourer.


2.2. Accountant in Govt. 2.7. Writer .
Company
2.3. Govt. Officer 2.8. Painter ........
2.4. Taxi Driver ..... 2.9. Type Master
2.5. Police Officer ..... 2.1O.Soldier .....
3. After completing your school education, if you are independent, then which
occupation would you choose?

3.1. Doctor ..... 3.6. Barber .....

3.2. Lawyer ..... 3.7. Primary School


Teacher

3.3. Engineer ..... 3.8. Salesman .....

3.4. Car Mechanic ..... 3.9. Postman .....

3.5. Office in Foreign 3. 10. Marketing


Department ..... Teacher .....

4. If you are given freedom after completing your school education, then which
occupation would you choose?

4.1. Governor ..... 4.6. Fitter .....

4.2. Psychologist ..... 4.7. Life Insurance


Agent.

4.3.Member of the Parliment 4.8. Office Clerk .....

4.4. Driver ..... 4.9. Kharad Machine


Operator

4.5. Govt. Contractor. 4.1O.Commission Agent

5. Please read the following occupations carefully, which one would you choose
after 25 years in age?

5.1. Mayor of Mahapalika..... 5.6. Scientist .....

5.2. Inspector of School..... 5.7. Dairy Organiser .....

5.3. M.B.B.S.Doctor ..... 5.8. Press Reporter .....

5.4. Worker of a Private Firm.. 5.9. Wood Cutter .....

5.5. Small Industry Owner..... 5.10.Steno-Typist of Govt.


Officer .....

297
6. Suppose you are 30 years old and free to choose occupation, then which one
would you choose?

6.1. Govt. Class I Officer 6.6. Artist in Akashwani.....


6.2. Railway Driver ..... 6.7. Traffic Police .....
6.3. University Professor 6.8. Gate Keeper .....
6.4. Amin ..... 6.9. Tailor .....
6.5. Accountant in Govt. 6. 10. Hotel Receptionist .....
Office .....

7. Kindly go through the following occupations and choose the best which you
would choose after 25 years in age?

7.1. P.C.S. Officer ..... 7.6. Shoe Polisher .....


7.2. Steno Typist ..... 7.7. Nurse or Compounder.....
7.3. Factory Owner ..... 7.8. Saloon Shop .....
7.4. Hotel Waiter ..... 7.9. Shoe Maker .....
7.5. Farmist ..... 7. 10. Rural Welfare Worker.....

8. Suppose you are 30 years old and you are free to choose occupation, then
which one would you choose?

8.1. Magistrate ..... 8.6. Hawker .....


8.2. Rail Guard ..... 8.7. Clerk in Income Tax
Office.....

8.3. Air Force Officer 8.8. Restaurant Owner
8.4. Carpenter ..... 8.9. Hotel Cook .....
8.5. Civil Engineer 8. 10. Accountant in a Private
Firm .....

298
APPENDIX - III (e)
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS SCALE
Aaron Marihal and Malatesha (1976)

INSTRUCTION

It consists of five dimensions. They are (i) Occupation of Father, (ii)


Father's Education, (iii) Material Possession, (iv) House and (v) Shirt and Blouse.
In each dimension, there are seven items. Please go through them carefully and
choose appropriate item by placing a (4 mark in the bracket.
I. Occupation of Father

1. Unemployed ()
2. Labourer ()
3. Caste Occupation ()
4. Small business/cultivation ()
5. Bus iness/ClerkIEl ementary School Teacher )
6.
High School Teacher / Technicians ()
7.
Landlord/High Govt. Officials/Professionals ()

II. Father's Education



1. Illiterate ()
2. Can read only ()
3.
Can read and write only ()
4.
Middle or High School Education ()
5.
College Graduate ()

6. Post-graduate, Professionals (M .Sc., M . B.B.S. ,Law etc.) ()

7. Advanced Education (Ph.D., M.D.) ()

299
III. Material Possession
1. None ()
2.
Cycle/One form animal (Cow, Bull, Buffalow) ()
3. Radio / 2 form animals )
4. News paper / 3 form animals ()

5. Wrist watch (own)/ 4 form animal ()
6. Motor Cycle/Scooter/Pump setl5-10 form animals ()

7. Car/Truck/Tractor/More than 10 form animals ()

IV. House

1. 1 Room ()

2. 2 Rooms ()

3. 3 Rooms ()
4.
4 to 6 Rooms ()

5. 7to8Rooms ()

6. 9 to 10 Rooms ()

7. More than 10 Rooms ()

V. Shirt or Blouse

1. One only ()

2. Two ()

3. Three ()

4. Four to Six ()

5. Seven to Eight ()

6. Nine to Ten ()

7. More than Ten ()

OEM
APPENDIX - III (f)

SCALE MEASURING AWARENESS OF GOVERNMENTAL


PROVISIONS TO THE Sc STUDENTS

In order to know the extent to which you are aware of the facilities
provided to the SC students by the government, the following question are given.
Carefully go through it and tick the appropriate answer.

For (eg.) Know Not Do not


knowing know
well

Do you know that in higher secondary admission 18


per cent of the seats in each course is reserved for SC
students?

Know Not Do not


knowing know
well

1. Do you know that in higher secondary course


18 per cent of the seats in each group is
reserved for SC students?
2. Do you know that in every educational district,
the Head master! Mistress of Middle! High
School, who admits more number of SC
students will get a prize?
3. Do you know that special primary, middle and
higher secondary schools are functioning in the
state for the welfare of the SC students?
4. Do you know that Hindu SC students in
high/higher secondary schools are getting
scholarship from the central government?

301
Know Not Do not
knowing know
well

5. Do you know that Christian SC students in


high/higher secondary schools are getting
scholarship from the state government?

6. Do you know that for receiving scholarship


from central government the parental income
should not exceed Rs.24,000 per annum?

7. Do you know that for receiving scholarship


from the state government, the parental income
should not exceed Rs. 15,000 per annum?

8. Do you know that only two from each family


can get scholarship from central government?

8a. Do you know that the third from each family


can get scholarship from the state government,
fulfilling all other condition?

9. Do you know that for getting the scholarship 75


per cent attendance is compulsory?

9a. Do you know that there is no age limit for


getting the scholarship?

10. Do you know that from 1990-91 there will be


free education till graduation, for the SC
students ineligible for receiving any scholarship?

11. Do you know that in each district, two boys and


two girls among the Hindu SC students, who
secure first two ranks in the S.S.L.0
Examination are given the Bright Students'
Award?

302
Know Not Do not
knowing know
well

I la. Do you know that in each district, two boys and


two girls among the Christian SC students, who
secure the first two ranks in the S.S.L.C.
examination are given the Bright Students'
Award?

1 lb. Do you know that the Bright Students' Award is


sanctioned at the rate of Rs.80/= per month for
a period of six years of higher studies?.

12. Do you know that an ad hoc grant of Rs.300/=


is sanctioned for one year to each of the Hindu
and Christian SC students who secure 60 per
cent marks and above in the S.S.L.C.
Examination or final year Higher Secondary
Examination?

13. Do you know that, in addition to the regular


scholarship Gandhi Memorial Award is
sanctioned in each district, to one boy and one
girl of Hindu SC who secure first mark in the
Higher Secondary Examination?

13a. Do you know that Gandhi Memorial Award is


continued for a period of six years of higher
studies in day or evening classes?

13b. Do you know that, the rate of Gandhi Memorial


Award is Rs. l500/= each for the first year and
Rs. 1000/= per annum each for the subsequent
five years?

14. Do you know that merit-cum-means award is


sanctioned in each district to one boy and one
girl from Christian SC students who secure first
mark in the Higher Secondary Examination?

303
Know Not Do not
knowing know
well

15. Do you know that one boy and one girl from
Hindu Sc! Christian SC/ST students, who
secure first mark in the State, in the S.S.L.C.
Examination are getting Rs.3000/= each?

16. Do you know that one boy and one girl from
Hindu SC! Christian SC/ST students, who
secure first mark in the state in the Higher
Secondary Examination are getting Rs.5000/=
each?
17. Do you know that one boy and one girl from
Hindu SC! Christian SC/ST students, who
secure first mark in the District, in the VIII
standard Examination are receiving Rs.500/=
each, and who secure second mark are receiving
Rs.300!= each?

18. Do you know that in each district one boy and


one girl from Hindu SC/Christian SC/ST
students who secure first mark in the S.S.L.C.
Examination are getting Rs. 1000/= each, who
secure second mark are getting Rs.500/= each
and third mark are getting Rs.300!= each?

19. Do you know that in each district one boy and


one girl from Hindu SC/Christian SC/ST
students who secure first mark in the Higher
Secondary Examination are awarded a prize
money of Rs.3000/= each?

20. Do you know that among the SC students,


pursuing graduate/post-graduate/professional
courses,those who secure 60 per cent and above
in the respective previous examinations are
awarded a prize money as follows:

Rs.500/= each for 500 students in


graduate courses.

304
Know Not Do not
knowing know
well

ii. Rs. 1250/=each for 300 students in Post-


graduate courses and
iii. Rs.1500/=each for 200 students in
professional courses.

21. Do you know that in selected schools, special


tuition in English, mathematics, accountancy,
commerce and science subjects is given to the
SC students?

22. Do you know that, after higher secondary


examination, special coaching for entrance test
to the professional courses, is arranged for the
sc students?

23. Do you know that 18 per cent of the posts in


state government services have been reserved
for SCs?

24. Do you know that hostel facilities for sc


students in high and higher secondary schools
are provided in Tamil Nadu?

25. Do you know that in hostels for sc students,


tuition will be arranged inorder to improve their
academic performance?

26. Doyou know that in each district, the warden of


the hostel with the highest percentage of passes
is awarded a prize of Rs.2001=?

27. Do you know that the hostel students are eligible


for getting free books and note books till tenth
standard?

305
APPENDIX - III (g)
SOCIAL DISTANCE SCALE

Relationship Would Would Would Would Would Would


like to like to like to like to like to like to
admit have have admit as accept have
kinship inter intinate a guest as a casual
by marr- dining friend- neigh- a c qua in
Caste groups iage ship bour tance

Brahmin

Vellala

Yadava

Nadar

Maravars

Hindu
Adi -Dravida

Christian
Adi -Dravida

306
APPENDIX IV

Cm-SQUARE VALUE FOR THE SCALE MEASURING GOVERNMENTAL


PROVISIONS TO THE Sc STUDENTS
(TESTED WITH THE SC AND NSC STUDENTS)

Question No. Chi-Square Value ( )


SC Students NSC Students

1 28.34* 51.60*
2 13.11* 17.54*
3 53.66* 46.34*
4 90.00* 83.37*
5 16.63* 3537*
6 25.60* 52.97*
7 28.97* 28.97*
8 20.80* 19.03*
8a 23.37* 41.20*
9 17.89* 23. Q3*
9a 8.63* 10.34*
10 10.00 7.60*
11 26.63* 69.31*
ha 9.66* 19.94
11b 10.97* 6.17*
12 34.51* 17.54*
13 8.63*
9.83* 6.69:
13a 30.91
13b 6.23* 15.60
14 10.00* 12.40
15 *
50.11 63.43
16 28.51* 4337*
17 6.23* 6.40*
18 29.31* 22.80*
19 38.23* 23.54*
20 * 30.40*
6.91
21 11.03 9.66*
22 14.11 23.03*
23 37.20* 40.17*
24 51.60* 40.17*
25 6.23* 12.86*
26 10.00* 12.40*
27 86.80* 56.97*

*
P .(0 .05

307

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