9.2.

2018

Dynamic routing protocol

1. Distance vector routing protocol

1.1 hop count limitation
1.2 periodic updates
2. Link state routing protocol
2.1 no hop count limitation
2.2 no periodic updates
3. Hybrid routing protocol D L H
3.1 hop count limitation
3.2 no periodic updates

RIP, OSPF, IGRP, EiGRP

Routing Information Protocol

open shortest path first
Interior Gateway routing protocol
Enhanced interior Gateway routing protocol

DV -> RIP, IGRP

1. 15 hops 1.default : 100, maximum : 255 hops per Autonomous system
2. periodic updates:30sec 2.90 seconds cisco proprietory ( obsolete )

RIP>

Routing Information Protocol

Dynamic routing protocol

Distance vector routing protocol
1. hop count limitation: 15 hops
2. Periodic updates: 30 seconds

Bellman Ford Algorithm

open standard ( any vendor router can support )

maximum hops:15

hopcount 16 is inaccessible
metric : hopcount

least metric is the best path.

Administrative distance: 120

AD:
C: 0
S: 1
E:90
I:100
O:110
R:120

Least Adminstrative distance is the best path.

Flash update route poison ( 10.0.0.0( metric 16 )

passive-interface

180 seconds -> invalid timer, hold down state : 180 seconds

240 seconds -> flush interval

ip split-horizon is enabled ( loopback is avoided )

HO(config)# router rip

HO(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
HO(config-router)#network 20.0.0.0

show ip protocol ( ip routing protocol, ex: RIP, Eigrp, ospf )

20.03.2018

wireless technologies:

IEEE : 802.11

a,b,g,n

2.4 Ghz > unlicensed frequency

5 Ghz >

1. Frequency should be matched.

2. ssid ( service set identifier )
3. security key

walkie-talkie -> 27 mhz

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

26.3.2018
 IP version 6

IP version 4 -> VLSM, NAT - PAT

V4 -> 32 bit -> decimal number 100.2.0.35

V6 -> 128 bit binary number ->hexa decimal number

2000:3000:4000:ABCD:0001:0002:0003:EF04

2000:3000:4000: ABCD: 0001:0002:0003:EF04 -> 0010 0000 0000 0000 : 0011 0000
0000 0000:

global Prefix : subnet id : interface id

2000:3000:4000:ABCD:0001:0002:0003:EF04/48

2000:3000:4000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/48 -> Network address

2000:3000:4000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001

..
.
.
2000:3000:4000:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF

shorten Expression:

2000:3000:4000:0000:0000:0123:0000:0000

2000:3000:4000:0 : 0 :123 : 0 : 0

2000:3000:4000:0:0:123::
 2000::34/64 -> 2000:0:0:0::/64 -> network address

2000:0:0:0::1/64 ->

2000:0:0:0:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF/64 or 2000::FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF/64

2000::/48 2000:0:0::1/48

2000::FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF

Global prefix subnet id interface id

2001:23::/64 2001:23:0 : 0 : 0:0:0:0

2001:23:0 : 1 : 0:0:0:0
2001:23:0 : 2

Link local -> FE80::/10 FE80::/10 1111 1110 10|00 0000::/10

1111 1110 10|01
Unique local->FC00::/7 1111 1110 10|10
1111 1110 10|11

Global unicast -> 2000::/3 2000::/3 001|0 0000 0000 0000 ::/3
001|0
0000 ......................01::/3
Multicast address -> FF00::/8 ....
001|1 1111 1111
1111 ..........1111::/3
No Broadcast ( Anycast ) 2000 to 3FFF

FC00::/7 1111 110|0 0000 0000::/7

FD00::/7 1111 110|1 0000 0000::/7

FE80::/10 1111 1110 10|00 0000::/10

FE80::/10
FE80::1/10
...
..

FE8F:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF

FE90::/10
FE90::1/10

FE9F:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF/10
FEA0::/10
FEA0::1/10

FEAF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF/10

FEB0::/10
FEB0::1/10

FEBF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF/10

2334:45FF:FE72:CD01

0010 0001

FE80::2134:45FF:FE72:CD01

FC11:1000:2000::/48 -> Private ( unique local )

FC11:1000:2000:1::/64
HO..............................BO1
.FC11:1000:2000:0::1/64 .
. .
. .
. .
SW-1 SW-2

lastuser:

FC11:1000:2000:0::2/64
FC11:1000:2000:0::/64 FC11:1000:2000:2::/64

FE80::20C:CFFF:FE16:8717

000C:CFFF:FE16:8717
0000 0010

FE80::020C:CFFF:FE16:8717
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

14.5.2018

Private

Link local FE80::/10

unique local FC00::/7

Public: Global unicast 2000::/3

Multicast FF00::/8

Routing protocol

static route

ipv6 route < remote prefix> < prefix-length>

< ip address of next hop router>

::/7

0000::
0200:
0400:
0600:

::/10

0000::/10 0000::1/10 to 003F:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff

0040::/10
0080::/10
00C0::/10
0100::/10
0140::/10
0180::/10
01C0::/10

::/20

0000::/20 ::1/20 0000:0FFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF

0000:1000::/20
0000:2000::/20
0000:3000::/20
::/22

0000:0000::/22
0000:0400::/22
0000:0800::/22
0000:0C00::/22
0000:1000::/22
0000:1400::/22

::/28

0000:0000::/28
0000:0010::/28
0000:0020::/28 0000:0020::1 0000:002F:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF
0000:0030::/28

::/32

::/36 9 th digit > block size:1

::/35 9 th digit : block size: 2

::/34 9 th digit : block size: 4

::/33 9 th digit > block size: 8

FC22:2000:3000:4000:5000::/80 Fc22:2000:3000:4000:5000::1
FC22:2000:3000:4000:5000:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF
FC22:2000:3000:4000:5001::/80

Fc33:4400:6001:8000:ABCD:0000::/95
FC33:4400:6001:8000:ABCD:0002::/95
FC33:4400:6001:8000:ABCD:0004::/95
FC33:4400:6001:8000:ABCD:0006::/95
FC33:4400:6001:8000:ABCD:0008::/95
FC33:4400:6001:8000:ABCD:000A::/95
FC33:4400:6001:8000:ABCD:000C::/95

FC33:4400:6001:8000:ABCD:000E::/95 ->
FC33:4400:6001:8000:ABCD:000E::1

FC33:4400:6001:8000:ABCD:000F:FFFF:FFFF

FC33:4400:6001:8000:ABCD:0010::/95
FD00:80AB:4000:2000:3000:5000:7000::/122

FD00:80AB:4000:2000:3000:5000:7000:0000/122
FD00:80AB:4000:2000:3000:5000:7000:0040/122
FD00:80AB:4000:2000:3000:5000:7000:0080/122
FD00:80AB:4000:2000:3000:5000:7000:00C0/122

FD00:80AB:4000:2000:3000:5000:7000:00C1/122
FD00:80AB:4000:2000:3000:5000:7000:00FF/122
FD00:80AB:4000:2000:3000:5000:7000:0100/122

RIP Ng

periodic updates: 30 seconds

hop count limitation : 15 hops.

Router(config)#ipv6 router rip natraj

Router(config)#interface gig 0/1

Router(config-if)#ipv6 rip natraj enable

Router(config)#interface gig 0/0

Router(config-if)#ipv6 rip natraj enable

show ipv6 protocol

FF02::9

OSPF V3

FF02::5, FF02::6

Router(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1

Router(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
Router(config)#interface gig 0/1
Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 10

Router(config)#interface gig 0/0

Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 10

eigrp v6

same ASN

Hello packet should be sent to each other.

identical metric should be used in both eigrp routers.

Router(config)#ipv6 router eigrp 100 ( ASN : 1 to 65535 )
Router(config-router)#eigrp router-id 3.3.3.3
Router(config-router)#no shudown

Router(config)#interface gig 0/1

Router(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp 100

Router(config)#interface gig 0/0

Router(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp 100

FF02::A
dynamic route