Syllabus and Scheme of Examination For B.Sc. (Honors) Chemistry II Year

Syllabus and Scheme of Examination
for
B.Sc. (Honors) Chemistry IInd year
(SEMESTER SYSTEM)
2016-17, 2017-18 & 2018-19 Session
PUNJABI UNIVERSITY,
PATIALA – 147 002
Choice Based Credit System
1
SCHEME
B.Sc. CHEMISTRY (HONORS) PART-II (III & IV SEMESTER)
SEMESTER III
Paper Title of Paper Credits Max Marks Examination
Code Time
Total Ext. Int.
CH301 Inorganic 4 75 60 15 3 hrs

Chemistry-II
CH302 Organic Chemistry-II 4 75 60 15 3 hrs
CH303 Physical Chemistry -III 4 75 60 15 3 hrs

CH304 Basic Analytical 2 50 40 10 3 hrs
Chemistry
CH305 Mathematics 4 75 60 15 3 hrs
CH306 Inorganic Chemistry-II 2 70 50 20 3 hrs
Lab
CH307 Organic Chemistry 2 70 50 20 3 hrs
Lab-II
CH308 Physical Chemistry-I 2 70 50 20 3 hrs
Lab
SEMESTER IV
CH401 Inorganic Chemistry- 4 75 60 15 3 hrs
III
CH402 Organic Chemistry-III 4 75 60 15 3 hrs
CH403 II iIiiIIi=iiii
Physical Chemistry-IV 4 75 60 15 3 hrs
CH404 Fundamentals of 2 50 40 10 3 hrs

Polymer Chemistry
2
CH405 Environmental Science 4 75 60 15 3 hrs
CH406 Inorganic Chemistry 2 70 50 20 3 hrs

Lab-III
CH407 Organic Chemistry Lab- 2 70 50 20 3 hrs

III
CH408 Physical Chemistry Lab- 2 70 50 20 3 hrs
IV
3
SEMESTER-III
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CH301: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY-II
(Credits: 04)
Max Marks : 75 60 hours
1. Semester paper 60 Time allowed - 3 hrs
ii. Internal Assesments 15 Pass Marks : 35%
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTER
The question paper will consist of three sections : A, B and C. Sections A and B will
have four questions each from the respective section of the syllabus and will carry 10 marks
each. Section C will consist of 10 short answer questions that will cover the entire syllabus
and will be of 2 marks each.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES

Candidates are required to attempt five questions (Section C 9th question being
compulsory) selecting two questions from each of A and B sections.
SECTION - A
Chemistry of s and p Block Elements:
Inert pair effect, Relative stability of different oxidation states, diagonal relationship
and anomalous behaviour of first member of each group. Allotropy and catenation.
Complex formation tendency of s and p block elements. Hydrides and their classification
ionic, covalent and interstitial. Basic beryllium acetate and nitrate. Study of the following
compounds with emphasis on structure, bonding, preparation, properties and uses. Boric
acid and borates, boron nitrides, borohydrides (diborane) carboranes and graphitic
compounds, silanes, Oxides and oxoacids of nitrogen, Phosphorus and chlorine. Peroxo acids
of sulphur, interhalogen compounds, polyhalide ions, pseudohalogens and basic properties of
halogens.
(30 Lectures)
SECTION - B
General Principles of Metallurgy

Chief modes of occurrence of metals based on standard electrode potentials. Ellingham
diagrams for reduction of metal oxides using carbon and carbon monoxide as reducing
agent. Electrolytic Reduction, Hydrometallurgy. Methods of purification of metals:
Electrolytic Kroll process, Parting process, van Arkel - de Boer process and Mond’s
process, Zone refining.
(6 Lectures)
4
Acids and Bases:
Brönsted-Lowry concept of acid-base reactions, solvated proton, relative strength of
acids, types of acid -base reactions, levelling solvents, Lewis acid -base concept,
Classification of Lewis acids, Hard and Soft Acids and Bases (HSAB) Application of HSAB
principle.
(8 Lectures)
Noble Gases:
Occurrence and uses, rationalization of inertness of noble gases, Clathrates;
preparation and properties of XeF2 , XeF4and XeF6; Nature of bonding in noble gas
compounds (Valence bond treatment and MO treatment for XeF2). Molecular shapes
of noble gas compounds (VSEPR theory).
(8 Lectures)
Inorganic Polymers:
Types of inorganic polymers, comparison with organic polymers, synthesis, structural
aspects and applications of silicones and siloxanes. Borazines, silicates and
phosphazenes, and polysulphates.
(8 Lectures)
Reference Books:
• Lee, J.D. Concise Inorganic Chemistry , ELBS, 1991.
• Douglas, B.E; Mc Daniel, D.H. & Alexander, J.J. Concepts & Models of Inorganic
Chemistry 3rd Ed., John Wiley Sons, N.Y. 1994.
• Greenwood, N.N. & Earnshaw. Chemistry of the Elements Butterworth -Heinemann.
1997.
• Cotton, F.A. & Wilkinson, G. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Wiley, VCH, 1999.
• Miessler, G. L. & Donald, A. Tarr. Inorganic Chemistry 4th Ed., Pearson, 2010.
• Shriver & Atkins , Inorganic Chemistry 5th Ed.
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5
CH302: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-II
(Credits: 04)

Section-A
Chemistry of Halogenated Hydrocarbons:
Alkyl halides: Methods of preparation, nucleophilic substitution reactions – SN1, SN2 and
SNi mechanisms with stereochemical aspects and effect of solvent etc.; nucleophilic
substitution vs. elimination.
Aryl halides: Preparation, including preparation from diazonium salts. nucleophilic aromatic
substitution; SNAr, Benzyne mechanism. Relative reactivity of alkyl, allyl/benzyl, vinyl
and aryl halides towards nucleophilic substitution reactions.
Organometallic compounds of Mg and Li – Use in synthesis of organic compounds.
(16 Lectures)
Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers and Epoxides:
Alcohols:
preparation, properties and relative reactivity of 1°, 2°, 3°alcohols, Bouvaelt -Blanc
Reduction; Preparation and properties of glycols: Oxidation by periodic acid and lead
tetraacetate, Pinacol-Pinacolone rearrangement;
Phenols:
Preparation and properties; Acidity and factors effecting it, Ring substitution
reactio ns, Reimer–Tiemann and Kolbe’s–Schmidt Reactions, Fries and Claisen
rearrangements with mechanism.
Ethers and Epoxides:

Preparation and reactions with acids. Reactions of epoxides with alcohols, ammonia
derivatives and LiAlH4
(14 Lectures)
6
Section-B
Carbonyl Compounds:
Structure, reactivity and preparation; Nucleophilic additions, Nucleophilic addition-
elimination reactions with ammonia derivatives with mechanism; Mechanisms of Aldol and
Benzoin condensation, Knoevenagel condensation, Claisan-Schmidt, Perkin, Cannizzaro
and Wittig reaction, Beckmann and Benzil-Benzilic acid rearrangements, haloform
reaction and Baeyer Villiger oxidation, α -substitution reactions, oxidations and
reductions (Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner, LiAlH4, NaBH4, MPV, PDC and PGC);
Addition reactions of unsaturated carbonyl compounds: Michael addition. Active methylene
compounds: Keto-enol tautomerism. Preparation and synthetic applications of diethyl
malonate and ethyl acetoacetate.
(16 Lectures)
Carboxylic Acids and their Derivatives:
Preparation, physical properties and reactions of monocarboxylic acids: Typical reactions of
dicarboxylic acids, hydroxy acids and unsaturated acids: succinic/phthalic, lactic, malic,
tartaric, citric, maleic and fumaric acids; Preparation and reactions of acid chlorides,
anhydrides, esters and amides; Comparative study of nucleophilic sustitution at acyl group
-Mechanism of acidic and alkaline hydrolysis of esters, Claisen condensation, Dieckmann
and Reformatsky reactions, Hofmann-bromamide degrad ation and Curtius rearrangement.
(10 Lectures)
Sulphur containing compounds:
Preparation and reactions of thiols, thioethers and sulphonic acids.
(4 Lectures)
Reference Books:
• Morrison, R. T. & Boyd, R. N. Organic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt.
Ltd. (Pearson Education).
• Finar, I. L. Organic Chemistry (Volume 1 ), Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.
(Pearson Education).
• Graham Solomons, T.W. Organic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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7
CH303: PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY-III
(Credits: 04)

SECTION - A
Phase Equilibria:
Concept of phases, components and degrees of freedom, derivation of Gibbs Phase Rule for
nonreactive and reactive systems; Clausius -Clapeyron equation and its applications to solid-
liquid, liquid-vapour and solid -vapour equilibria, phase diagram for one component systems,
with applications. Phase diagrams for systems of solid -liquid equilibria involving
eutectic, congruent and incongruent melting points, solid solutions. Three component
systems, water-chloroform -acetic acid system, triangular plots.
Binary Solutions:
Gibbs-Duhem -Margules equation, its derivation and applications to
fractional distillation of binary miscible liquids (ideal and nonideal), azeotropes, lever
rule, partial miscibility of liquids, CST, miscible pairs, steam distillation.
Nernst distribution law: its derivation and applications.
(30 Lectures)
SECTION - B
Chemical Kinetics:
Order and molecularity of a reaction, rate laws in terms of the advancement of a
reaction, differential and integrated form of rate expressions up to second order reactions,
experimental methods of the determination of rate laws, kinetics of complex reactions
(integrated rate expressions up to first order only): (i) Opposing reactions (ii) parallel
reactions and (iii) consecutive reactions and their differential rate equations (steady -
state approximation in reaction mechanisms) (iv) chain reactions. Temperature dependence
of reaction rates; Arrhenius equation; activation energy. Collision theory of reaction
rates, Lindemann mechanism, qualitative treatment of the theory of absolute reaction
rates.
(16 Lectures)
8
Catalysis:
Types of catalyst, specificity and selectivity, mechanisms of catalyzed reactions at
solid surfaces; effect of particle size and efficiency of nanoparticles as catalysts. Enzyme
catalysis, Michaelis -Menten mechanism, acid -base catalysis.
(8 Lectures)
Surface Chemistry:
Physical adsorption, chemisorption, adsorption isotherms. nature of adsorbed state.
(6 Lectures)
Reference Books:
• Peter Atkins & Julio De Paula, Physical Chemistry 9th Ed., Oxford University Press
(2010).
• Castellan, G. W. Physical Chemistry , 4thEd., Narosa (2004).
• McQuarrie, D. A. & Simon, J. D., Molecular Thermodynamics, Viva Books Pvt. Ltd.:
New Delhi (2004).
• Engel, T. & Reid, P. Physical Chemistry 3rdEd., Prentice-Hall (2012).
• Assael, M. J.; Goodwin, A. R. H.; Stamatoudis, M.; Wakeham, W. A. & Will, S.
Commonly Asked Questions in Thermodynamics. CRC Press: NY (2011).
• Zundhal, S.S. Chemistry concepts and applications Cengage India (2011).
• Ball, D. W. Physic al Chemistry Cengage India (2012).
• Mortimer, R. G. Physical Chemistry 3rd Ed., Elsevier: NOIDA, UP (2009).
• Levine, I. N. Physical Chemistry 6thEd., Tata McGraw-Hill (2011).
• Metz, C. R. Physical Chemistry 2nd Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill (2009).
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9
CH304: BASIC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(Credits: 02)

SECTION - A
Introduction:
Introduction to Analytical Chemistry and its interdisciplinary nature, Concept of sampling,
accuracy and precision, methods of expressing accuracy and precision, Types of error in
analytical measurements, significant figures, confidence limit.
(8 Lectures)
Analysis of Soil:
Types of soil, Concept of pH, Complexometric titrations: Chelation and Chelating agents,
use of indicators , Determination of pH of soil samples. Estimation of Calcium and
Magnesium ions as Calcium carbonate by complexometric titration.
(12 Lectures)
Analysis of Water:
Definition of pure water, sources responsible for contaminating water, water sampling
methods, water purification methods. Determination of pH, acidity and alkalinity of a water
sample. Determination of dissolved oxygen (DO), BOD, COD.
(10 Lectures)
Section-B
Analysis of Food Products:
Nutritional value of foods, idea about food processing and food preservations and
adulteration. Identification of adulterants in some common food items like coffee
powder, asafoetida, chilli powder, turmeric powder, coriander powder and pulses, etc.
Analysis of preservatives and colouring matter.
10
Chromatography:
Introduction, definition, types of chromatopraphy, column chromatography, paper
chromatography, Thin layer chromatography, theoretical principle of chromatographic
techniques, experimental details, development of the chromatogram, Qualitative and
quantitative analysis by chromatography.
(15 Lectures)
High Performance Liquid Chromatography:

Introduction to HPLC, principle, instrumentation, column efficiency and selectivity,
applications.
Ion -Exchange:
Introduction, principle, different types of ion-exchangers: cation exchangers, anion
exchanger, regeneration, selection of suitable systems, ion-exchange capacity, ion exchange
techniques, applications in analytical chemistry. Spectrophotometric determination of Iron
in Vitamin / Dietary Tablets. Spectrophotometric Identification and Determination of
Caffeine and Benzoic Acid in Soft Drink.
(15 Lectures)
Reference Books:
1. Willard, H. H. Instrumental Methods of Analysis,CBS Publishers.
2. Skoog & Lerry. Instrumental Methods of Analysis , Saunders College Publications, New
York.
3. Skoog, D.A.; West, D.M. & Holler, F.J. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry 6thEd.,
Saunders College Publishing, Fort Worth (1992).
4. Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis, W. H.Freeman.
5. Dean, J. A. Analytical Chemistry Notebook, McGrawHill.
6. Day, R. A. & Underwood, A. L. QuantitativeAnalysis, Prentice Hall of India.
7. Freifelder, D. Physical Biochemistry 2nd Ed., W.H. Freeman and Co., N.Y. USA
(1982).
8. Cooper, T.G. The Tools of Biochemistry, John Wileyand Sons, N.Y. USA. 16 (1977).
9. Vogel, A. I. Vogel’s Qualitative Inorganic Analysis7thEd., Prentice Hall.
10.Vogel, A. I. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis6thEd., Prentice Hall.
11. Robinson, J.W. Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis 5thEd., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New
York (1995).
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11
CH305: MATHEMATICS
(Credits: 04)

SECTION - A
Logarithm Relations and Curve Sketching:
Introduction, Fundamental properties and its numerical problems, System of logarithm
(natural and common), characteristic-mantissa their rules and numerical problems, table of
logarithm and anti-logarithm. Graphical representation: Linear equation with two variables,
simultaneous linear equation in two variables, quadratic functions and slope determination of
straight line.
(15 Lectures)
Differentiation and Partial Differentiation:

Basic concepts: sets, functions, limit and their numerical problems. Differential coefficient of
a function, derivatives of functions (xn, xy, x/y, ex, logarithmic and trigonometric) and
application of differentiation for determination of maxima and minima of algebraic functions.
Partial differentiation: Introduction, partial differentiation of functions (xy and logarithmic).
(15 Lectures)
SECTION-B
Integration:
Introduction, integration of some functions (xn, ex, xy, logarithmic and simple trigonometric).
Permutation, Combination And Factorial:

Problems concerning permutation, combination and factorial including circular permutation.
Probability: Random experiment and sample space, Types of events (simple and compound)
and their numerical problems.
(15 Lectures)
12
Matrices and Determinant:
Types and order of matrices (Null, Row, Column, Unit, Diagonal, Horizontal, Vertical and
square). Operation (addition, subtraction and multiplication) on these matrices using scalar
quantities, Laws of matrices multiplication and their problems. Transpose, cofactor and
inverse of matrices. Determinants: Introduction, expansion, properties and operations of
determinants and their numerical problems.
(15 Lectures)
Reference Books:
1. Thomas and Finney ,Calculas and Analytical Geometry
2. D. Somasundaram and B. Choudhary, A First Course in Mathematical Analysis,
Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 1997.
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13
CH306 : INORGANIC CHEMISTRY -II LAB
(Credits: 02)
Maximum Marks:70 (External-50, Internal-20)
Practical : 60 Lectures

Candidates are required to perform two experiments. Distribution of marks will be as
under:
1. Viva-voce - 10
2. Note-book - 10
3. Inorganic Experiments – 30 (15 marks each, 5 marks for initial write-up and 10
marks for performance)
4. Total marks -------- 50
EXPERIMETS
A) Iodo/Iodimetric Titrations
1) Determination of atomic mass of the alkali metal.
2) Determination of number of water molecules in blue vitriol.
3) Determination of percentage purity and available oxygen in potassium
dichromate.
B) Inorganic Preparations
4) Preparation of cuprous chloride,Cu2Cl2.
5) Preparation of Hg[Co(NCS)4].
6) Preparation of tris-thiourea chloride.
7) Preparation of [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2.
8) Preparation of Potash alum or chrome alum.
C) Complexometric Titrations
9) Estimation of Cu(II).
10) Estimation of Ni(II).
11) Estimation of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in determination of hardness of water.
Reference Books:
• Vogel, A.I. A Textbook of Q uantitative Inorganic Analysis, ELBS. 1978
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14
CH307 : ORGANIC CHEMISTRY -II LAB
(Credits: 02)
under:
1. Viva-voce - 10
2. Note-book - 10
3. Organic Experiments – 30 (15 marks each, 5 marks for initial write-up and 10
4. Total marks -------- 50
EXPERIMETS
1. Detection of extra elements in organic compounds (N, S and halogens).
2. Functional group test for nitro, amine and amide groups.
3. Qualitative analysis of unknown organic compounds containing simple functional groups
(alcohols, carboxylic acids, phenols and carbonyl compounds).
Reference Books
• Mann, F.G. & Saunders, B.C. Practical Organic Chemistry, Pearson Education (2009).
• Furniss, B.S.; Hannaford, A.J.; Smith, P.W.G.; Tatchell, A.R. Practical Organic
Chemistry, 5th Ed., Pearson (2012).
• Ahluwalia, V.K. & Aggarwal, R. Comprehensive Practical Organic Chemistry:
Preparation and Quantitative Analysis, University Press (2000).
• Ahluwalia, V.K. & Dhingra, S. Comprehensive Practical Organic Chemistry: Qualitative
Analysis, University Press (2000).
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15
CH308 : PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY -III LAB
(Credits: 02)
Practical: 60 Lectures
Instructions for Examiners and Candidates

under:
1. Viva- Voce ------- 10
2. Note- books ------- 10
3. Physical Experiments - 30 (15 marks for each experiment)
(5 marks for initial write up, 10 marks for performance)
4. Total marks -------- 50
EXPERIMETS
1. Determination of critical solution temperature (CST) and critical solution concentration
(CSC) for phenol-water system.
2. Phase equilibria: To determine the distribution coefficient of Iodine between carbon
tetrachloride and water.
3. Chemical Kinetics: To determine the specific reaction rate of hydrolysis of methyl acetate
/ethyl acetate catalysed by hydrochloric acid at room temperature.
4. Adsorption : Verify the Freundlich adsorption isotherms for adsorption of acetic acid
on activated charcoal.
5. Thin layer chromatography : To separate a mixture of dyes by thin layer chromatography
using cyclohexane and ethyl acetate (8.5 : 1.5)
6. Determine the molecular weight of naphthalene by Rast `s method using camphor.
7. Refratometry: To determine the refractive index and molar refractivity of the given liquid
(methanol , ethanol , propanol)
Reference Books:
• Khosla, B. D.; Garg, V. C. & Gulati, A. Senior Practical Physical Chemistry, R. Chand &
Co.: New Delhi (2011).
• Garland, C. W.; Nibler, J. W. & Shoemaker, D. P. Experiments in Physical Chemistry
8th Ed.; McGraw-Hill: New York (2003).
• Halpern, A. M. & McBane, G. C. Experimental Physical Chemistry 3rd Ed.; W.H. Freeman
& Co.: New York (2003).
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16
17
SEMESTER-IV
CH401: Inorganic Chemistry-III
(Credits: 04)

Section A
Coordination Chemistry:
Werner’s theory, valence bond theory (inner and outer orbital complexes), electroneutrality
principle and back bonding. Crystal field theory, measurement of 10 Dq (Δo), CFSE in weak
and strong fields, pairing energies, factors affecting the magnitude of 10 Dq (Δo, Δt).
Octahedral vs. tetrahedral coordination, tetragonal distortions from octahedral geometry
Jahn-Teller theorem, square planar geometry. Qualitative aspect of Ligand field and MO
Theory. IUPAC nomenclature of coordination compounds, isomerism in coordination
compounds. Stereochemistry of complexes with 4 and 6 coordination numbers. Chelate
effect, polynuclear complexes, Labile and inert complexes.
(30 Lectures)
Section B
Transition Elements:
General group trends with special reference to electronic configuration, colour, variable
valency, magnetic and catalytic properties, ability to form complexes. Stability of various
oxidation states and e.m.f. (Latimer & Bsworth diagrams). Difference between the first,
second and third transition series. Chemistry of Ti, V, Cr Mn, Fe and Co in various oxidation
states (excluding their metallurgy)
18
(14 Lectures)
Lanthanoids and Actinoids:
Electronic configuration, oxidation states, colour, spectral and magnetic properties,

lanthanide contraction, separation of lanthanides (ion-exchange method only).
(6 Lectures)
Bioinorganic Chemistry:
Metal ions present in biological systems, classification of elements according to their action
in biological system. Geochemical effect on the distribution of metals. Sodium / K-pump,
carbonic anhydrase and carboxypeptidase. Excess and deficiency of some trace metals.
Toxicity of metal ions (Hg, Pb, Cd and As), reasons for toxicity, Use of chelating agents in
medicine. Iron and its application in bio-systems, Haemoglobin; Storage and transfer of iron.
(10 Lectures)
Reference Books:
• Purcell, K.F & Kotz, J.C. Inorganic Chemistry W.B. Saunders Co, 1977.
• Huheey, J.E., Inorganic Chemistry, Prentice Hall, 1993.
• Lippard, S.J. & Berg, J.M. Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry Panima Publishing
Company 1994.
• Cotton, F.A. & Wilkinson, G, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry. Wiley-VCH, 1999
• Basolo, F, and Pearson, R.C., Mechanisms of Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons,
NY, 1967.
• Greenwood, N.N. & Earnshaw A., Chemistry of the Elements, Butterworth-
Heinemann,1997.
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19
CH402: Organic Chemistry-III
(Credits: 04)

Section A
Nitrogen Containing Functional Groups:
Preparation and important reactions of nitro and compounds, nitriles and isonitriles Amines:
Effect of substituent and solvent on basicity; Preparation and properties: Gabriel phthalimide
synthesis, Carbylamine reaction, Mannich reaction, Hoffmann’s exhaustive methylation,
Hofmann-elimination reaction; Distinction between 1°, 2°and 3°amines with Hinsberg
reagent and nitrous acid. Diazonium Salts: Preparation and their synthetic applications.
(18 Lectures)
Alkaloids:
Natural occurrence, General structural features, Isolation and their physiological action
Hoffmann’s exhaustive methylation, Emde’s modification, Structure elucidation and
synthesis of Hygrine and Nicotine. Medicinal importance of Nicotine, Hygrine, Quinine,
Morphine, Cocaine, and Reserpine.
(6 Lectures)
Terpenes:
Occurrence, classification, isoprene rule; Elucidation of stucture and synthesis of Citral,
Neral and α-terpineol.
(6 Lectures)
Section B
Polynuclear Hydrocarbons:
Reactions of naphthalene phenanthrene and anthracene Structure, Preparation and structure

elucidation and important derivatives of naphthalene and anthracene; Polynuclear
hydrocarbons.
20
(8 Lectures)
Heterocyclic Compounds:
Classification and nomenclature, Structure, aromaticity in 5-numbered and 6-membered rings

containing one heteroatom; Synthesis, reactions and mechanism of substitution reactions of:
Furan, Pyrrole (Paal-Knorr synthesis, Knorr pyrrole synthesis, Hantzsch synthesis),
Thiophene, Pyridine (Hantzsch synthesis), Pyrimidine, Structure elucidation of indole,
Fischer indole synthesis and Madelung synthesis), Structure elucidation of quinoline andm
isoquinoline, Skraup synthesis, Friedlander’s synthesis, Knorr quinoline synthesis, Doebner-
Miller synthesis, Bischler-Napieralski reaction, Pictet-Spengler reaction, Pomeranz-Fritsch
reaction Derivatives of furan: Furfural and furoic acid.
(22 Lectures)
Reference Books:
• Morrison, R. T. & Boyd, R. N. Organic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.
(Pearson Education).
• Finar, I. L. Organic Chemistry (Volume 1), Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson
Education).
• Finar, I. L. Organic Chemistry (Volume 2: Stereochemistry and the Chemistry of Natural
Products), Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education).
• Acheson, R.M. Introduction to the Chemistry of Heterocyclic compounds, John Welly &
Sons (1976).
• Graham Solomons, T.W. Organic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.• Kalsi, P. S.
Textbook of Organic Chemistry 1st Ed., New Age International (P) Ltd. Pub.
• Clayden, J.; Greeves, N.; Warren, S.; Wothers, P.; Organic Chemistry, Oxford University
Press.
• Singh, J.; Ali, S.M. & Singh, J. Natural Product Chemistry, Prajati Parakashan (2010).
21
CH403: Physical Chemistry-IV
(Credits: 04)
The question paper will consist of three sections: A, B and C. Sections A and B will

Section A
Conductance:
Arrhenius theory of electrolytic dissociation. Conductivity, equivalent and molar conductivity
and their variation with dilution for weak and strong electrolytes. Molar conductivity at
infinite dilution. Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions. Debye-Hückel-Onsager
equation, Wien effect, Debye-Falkenhagen effect, Walden’s rules. Ionic velocities, mobilities
and their determinations, transference numbers and their relation to ionic mobilities,
determination of transference numbers using Hittorf and Moving Boundary methods.
Applications of conductance measurement: (i) degree of dissociation of weak electrolytes, (ii)
ionic product of water (iii) solubility and solubility product of sparingly soluble salts, (iv)
conductometric titrations, and (v) hydrolysis constants of salts.
(20 Lectures)
Electrical & Magnetic Properties of Atoms and Molecules:

Basic ideas of electrostatics, Electrostatics of dielectric media, Clausius-Mosotti equation,
Lorenz-Laurentz equation, Dipole moment and molecular polarizabilities and their
measurements. Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, magnetic susceptibility and its measurement,
molecular interpretation.
(10 Lectures)
Section B
Electrochemistry:
22
Quantitative aspects of Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, rules of oxidation/reduction of ions
based on half-cell potentials, applications of electrolysis in metallurgy and industry.
Chemical cells, reversible and irreversible cells with examples. Electromotive force of a cell
and its measurement, Nernst equation; Standard electrode (reduction) potential and its
application to different kinds of half-cells. Application of EMF measurements in determining
(i) free energy, enthalpy and entropy of a cell reaction, (ii) equilibrium constants, and (iii) pH
values, using hydrogen, quinone-hydroquinone, glass and SbO/Sb2O3 electrodes.
Concentration cells with and without transference, liquid junction potential; determination of
activity coefficients and transference numbers. Qualitative discussion of potentiometric
titrations (acid-base, redox, precipitation).
(30 Lectures)
Reference Books:
• Atkins, P.W & Paula, J.D. Physical Chemistry, 9th Ed., Oxford University Press (2011).
• Castellan, G. W. Physical Chemistry 4th Ed., Narosa (2004).
• Mortimer, R. G. Physical Chemistry 3rd Ed., Elsevier: NOIDA, UP (2009).
• Barrow, G. M., Physical Chemistry 5th Ed., Tata McGraw Hill: New Delhi (2006).
• Engel, T. & Reid, P. Physical Chemistry 3rd Ed., Prentice-Hall (2012).
• Rogers, D. W. Concise Physical Chemistry Wiley (2010).
• Silbey, R. J.; Alberty, R. A. & Bawendi, M. G. Physical Chemistry 4th Ed., John Wiley &
Sons, Inc. (2005).
23
CH404: Fundamentals of Polymer Chemistry
(Credits: 02)

Section A
Classification of Polymers:
Addition- condensation, (Chain/step growth polymers) organic-inorganic, natural- synthetic,
polar-nonpolar with suitable examples, types of polymers.linear, branched, hyperbranched,
star branched dendrimers, semiladder, ladder, crosslinked, and layer-latties- polymers.
Nomenclature of polymers, names based on source, based on structure (IUPAC and Non
IUPAC) Trade names.
(15 Lectures)
Polymerisation Methods:
Bulk, solution, suspension, precipitation, emulsion, inverse emulsion, dispersion, melt,
interfacial (phase transfer catalyzed interfacial polymerization) and solid state
polymerization. (examples-PET, PC) Batch and contineous, merits and limitationsof each
process and comparison of various polymerization processes with suitable
commercialexamples. (Polymerization in ionic liquids, in super critical media and MW
induced. Approach to combinatorial polymer synthesis).
(15 Lectures)
Section B
Molecular Weight:
Concept of molecular mass, polydisperse nature and degree of polymerization, number
average, weight average, viscosity average molecular weights and their statistical equations,
molecular weight distribution. Determination of molecular weights of polymers by vapour
phase osmometers, end group analysis, viscometry and G P C.
(10 Lectures)
Synthetic Polymers:
24
Synthesis, properties and Application of Hydrocarbon plastics and elastomers Low density
(branched) polyethylene, polypropylene,high density (linear) polyethylene, polypropylene,
other olefin polymers,natural rubber and other isoprene polymers, rubbers derived from
butadiene acrylic acid copolymers, polybutadienes, polychloroprene (neoprene), styrene-
butadiene acrylonitrile copolymers.carbon polymers- polystyrene and other related polymers,
copolymers of polystyrene, acrylic polymers, polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA),
polyacrylamide, polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyvinyl alcohol, poly vinyl chloride, fluoro
carbon polymers.polyamides , Nylon 6, Nylon 66, Nylon 610 etc.polyesters , polyether, poly
ethylene terephthalate (PET), polyurethanes.
(20 Lectures)
Reference Books:
1. G. Odian: Principles of Polymerization, 4th Ed. Wiley, 2004.
2. F.W. Billmeyer: Textbook of Polymer Science, 2nd Ed. Wiley Interscience, 1971.
3. P. Ghosh: Polymer Science & Technology, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 1991.
4. V. R Gowariker, Polymer Science, New Age Publication, 1986
5. Inc. New York, 1981.
25
CH405: Environmental Sciences
(Credits: 04)

Section A
Dimensions of environment, physical, biological and social: population and environment;
impact of human activities on environment Natural resources and their depletion, agriculture
and industry as major sectors of development; air, water, soil and noise pollution-sources and
consequences.
(30 Lectures)
Section B
Ozone layer depletion and its effects; greenhouse effect-global warming and climatic changes
and their effect on agriculture, plants and animals; Pollution related diseases; conventional
and non conventional energy sources and their; conservation.
(30 Lectures)
References Books
 Essentials of Environmental Sciences by G.S.Dhaliwal and S.S. Kukal
 Principals of Ecology by Kalu and Dhaliwal Treatise on Ecology by Bhatia
Environmental Studies by By V K Khosla and Kanta Khosla
26
CH406 : INORGANIC CHEMISTRY -III LAB
(Credits: 02)
Candidates are required to perform two experiments. Distribution of marks will be as under:
1. Viva-voce - 10
2. Note-book - 10
3. Inorganic Experiments – 30 (15 marks each, 5 marks for initial write-up and
10 marks for performance)
4. Total marks -------- 50
Experiments
Gravimetric Analysis:
1. Estimation of nickel (II) using Dimethylglyoxime (DMG).
2. Estimation of copper as CuSCN
Inorganic Preparations:
1. Tetraamminecopper (II) sulphate, [Cu(NH3)4 ]SO4.H2O
2. Cis and trans K[Cr(C2O4)2.(H2O)2] Potassium di oxalatodiaquachromate (III)
3. Hexamminecobalt (III) ion
4. Potassium tris(oxalate)ferrate(III)
Chromatography of Metal Ions:

Principles involved in chromatographic separations. Paper chromatographic separation
of following metal ions:
1. Ni (II) and Co (II)
2. Fe (III) and Al (III)
Reference Book:
1. Vogel, A.I. A text book of Quantitative Analysis, ELBS 1986.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
27
CH407 : ORGANIC CHEMISTRY -III LAB
(Credits: 02)
Practical: 60 Lectures
Instructions for Examiners and Candidates
under:
1. Viva- Voce ------- 10
2. Note- books ------- 10
3. Organic Prepration - 30 (15 marks for each experiment)
(5 marks for initial write up, 10 marks for performance)
4. Total marks -------- 50
EXPERIMETS
1. Benzil-Benzilic acid rearrangements:
a. To prepare a pure sample of benzil starting from benzoin.
b. To prepare a pure sample of benzilic acid from benzil.
2. To prepare a pure sample of benzil monohydrazone from benzil.
3. Claisen Schmidt reaction: To prepare a pure sample of Dibenzalacetone.
4. Oxime of any one of the following compounds:
a. Benzophenone
b. Cyclohexanone
5. Preparation of Bromoacetanilide from Acetanilide.
6. Preparation of Iodoform from Acetone/Alcohol.
7. Preparation of Nitroacetanilide from Acetanilide
8. Selective reduction of meta-dinitrobenzene to meta-nitroanilne
9. Semicarbazone of any one of the following compounds: acetone, ethyl methyl
ketone, cyclohexanone, benzaldehyde.
Reference Books:
• Mann, F.G. & Saunders, B.C. Practical Organic Chemistry, Pearson Education (2009)
• Furniss, B.S.; Hannaford, A.J.; Smith, P.W.G.; Tatchell, A.R. Practical Organic
Chemistry, 5th Ed., Pearson (2012)
• Ahluwalia, V.K. & Aggarwal, R. Comprehensive Practical Organic Chemistry:
Preparation and Quantitative Analysis, University Press (2000).
• Ahluwalia, V.K. & Dhingra, S. Comprehensive Practical Organic Chemistry:
Qualitative Analysis, University Press (2000).
28
CH408 : PYSICAL CHEMISTRY -IV LAB
(Credits: 02)
Candidates are required to perform two experiments. Distribution of marks will be as under:
1. Viva-voce - 10
2. Note-book - 10
3. Physical Experiments – 30 (15 marks each, 5 marks for initial write-up and 10
4. Total marks -------- 50
Experiments
Conductometry:
1. Determination of cell constant
2 . Determination of equivalent conductance, degree of dissociation and dissociation constant
of a weak acid.
3. Perform the following conductometric titrations:
i. Strong acid vs. strong base
ii. Weak acid vs. strong base
iii. Mixture of strong acid and weak acid vs. strong base
iv. Strong acid vs. weak base
Potentiometry:
1. Perform the following potentiometric titrations:
i. Strong acid vs. strong base
ii. Weak acid vs. strong base
iii. Dibasic acid vs. strong base
iv. Potassium dichromate vs. Mohr's salt
Reference Books:
• Khosla, B. D.; Garg, V. C. & Gulati, A. Senior Practical Physical Chemistry, R. Chand &
Co.: New Delhi (2011).
• Garland, C. W.; Nibler, J. W. & Shoemaker, D. P. Experiments in Physical Chemistry
8th Ed.; McGraw-Hill: New York (2003).
• Halpern, A. M. & McBane, G. C. Experimental Physical Chemistry 3rd Ed.; W.H.
Freeman & Co.: New York (2003).
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29

Syllabus and Scheme of Examination For B.Sc. (Honors) Chemistry II Year

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Syllabus and Scheme of Examination

2016-17, 2017-18 & 2018-19 Session

Choice Based Credit System

CH301 Inorganic 4 75 60 15 3 hrs

CH303 Physical Chemistry -III 4 75 60 15 3 hrs

CH404 Fundamentals of 2 50 40 10 3 hrs

CH406 Inorganic Chemistry 2 70 50 20 3 hrs

CH407 Organic Chemistry Lab- 2 70 50 20 3 hrs

CH301: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY-II

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES

General Principles of Metallurgy

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES

Ethers and Epoxides:

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES

High Performance Liquid Chromatography:

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES

Differentiation and Partial Differentiation:

Permutation, Combination And Factorial:

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTER

Instructions for Examiners and Candidates

CH401: Inorganic Chemistry-III

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTER

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES

Lanthanoids and Actinoids:

Electronic configuration, oxidation states, colour, spectral and magnetic properties,

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTER

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES

Reactions of naphthalene phenanthrene and anthracene Structure, Preparation and structure

Classification and nomenclature, Structure, aromaticity in 5-numbered and 6-membered rings

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTER

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES

Electrical & Magnetic Properties of Atoms and Molecules:

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTER

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTER

INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES

Chromatography of Metal Ions:

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