4(a)

Structural safety evaluation of the inner conductors in GIB

(Gas Insulated Bus) using electromagnetic structural coupled analysis
Chan Park1, Taehun Song1 and Taekyung Kim2
1
Hyundae Heavy Industries, High Voltage Circuit Breaker R&D Dep‘t, Yongin-si, Korea
2
Hyundae Heavy Industries, High Voltage Circuit Breaker Design Dep‘t, Ulsan-si, Korea
17-10, Mabuk-ro 240beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, chan@hhi.co.kr

Abstract— This paper presents an electromagnetic-structural finite element P0 I1I 2 (1)

analysis considering the electromagnetic force generated in the GIB(Gas Fmag l
Insulated Bus) by a large current. The GIB is electrical busbar part of a 2S a
GIS(Gas Insulated Switchgear) installed in power plants and substations. Since Electromagnetic forces of conductors are evaluated by the Biot-Savart
the electromagnetic forces generated by currents flowing through inner law because conductors are metal with AC current flowing in them. Forces
conductors in the GIB are so large, they have to be considered in the structural of conductors could be determined as shown in Table 1.
safety evaluation of a GIB. The magnetic force was calculated by the virtual
work method and structural analysis on a GIB under loaded condition was
performed. By modifying the designs based on this structural safety evaluation III. SIMULATION MODEL AND COUPLED ANALYSIS
results, the safety factor has been enhanced from 1.2 to 3.75. The first simulation was carried out by the electromagnetic analysis
Index Terms—electromagnetic-structural coupled analysis, FEA, GIB, GIS.
method assuming the most severe condition of the test
specifications.(current; A-phase=130kA, B-,C-phase=-65kA) As a result,
I. INTRODUCTION
the forces were calculated at each node of the electromagnetic analysis
The importance of the GIS which protects the power grid is also model. Error between simulation results and theoretical calculation results
increasing gradually. Especially, the GIB which is electrical busbar part of not considering the detailed shape of the conductors was less than 5 percent.
the GIS has many conservative safety standards when it comes to product Then the force data were mapped to each node of a structural analysis
development and installation. Among the standards, it is essential to assess model. And its mapping ratio is 97% or more.[1, 2] The mapping ratio is a
the structural safety of the inner conductor and tank considering the ratio between the amounts of magnetic force calculated in the
magnetic force generated by high current flow during operation. However, electromagnetic analysis and that of force mapped under loaded condition
it is difficult to perform every single test for the product that requires in the structural analysis. Therefore, higher the mapping ratio, more
excitations of high voltage and high current. The electromagnetic analysis accurately the force are mapped to structural analysis model.
coupled with a structural model is mainly used in order to replace it.
Internal structure of the GIB varies depending on the class of each IV. STRUCTURAL SAFETY EVALUATION RESULTS
product. GIB 362kV 50kA 60Hz class discussed in this paper is a three-
Based on the analysis results, regions with low safety factor were
phase in single enclosure type. Since there are three other phase conductors
identified. With considerations on these regions, a case study was
in a tank, electromagnetic forces are continuously generated on the
performed to rearrange the supports. As a result, the minimum safety factor
conductors. Therefore when designing a GIB, supports should be placed.
increased approximately by three times as shown in Table 1.
Electromagnetic forces were calculated considering the fault current
Table 1. Results of Case Study to Rearrange the Supports
according to test specifications. Sequentially, a structural analysis was
Relocation Stress Deference
performed in order to assess the structural integration of the GIB tank and Safety Factor
[-/+] [MPa] [%]
conductors with considerations on the electromagnetic forces under loaded
-10 148.45 0.97 23.71
condition. By modifying the design on the basis of the evaluation results,
-5 137.14 1.05 14.28
the structural safety has been improved.
Then analysis using MAXWELL and ANSYS was also conducted in 0 120.00 1.20 0
the actual designs of 362kV GIB parts. +5 74.07 1.89 38.28
+10 38.40 3.75 68
Fig. 2. shows the analysis results of the model with the rearranged
supports. In addition, an electric field analysis result for the deformed shape
satisfied our insulation level criteria.
As results of this study a core technology needed for the development of
the future GIB with design optimization algorithm has been secured.

Fig. 1. 362kV GIB 3D model.

II. CALCULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCE

362kV GIB is in a form that three inner conductors are attached to
insulating supports in the tank as shown in Fig. 1. Although arrangement of
the conductors is dependent on the purpose of their use, the model Fig. 2. Coupled analysis result of the supports-rearranged model: stress.
described in this paper is in a symmetrical form. The materials of the parts
except the insulating supports are aluminum.
REFERENCES
When the magnitude of currents flowing in each conductor and
[1] S. Biro, O. Weilharter, B. Stermecki, IEEE Transaction on Magn.,, vol. 46, Iss.8,
distances between each conductor are known, magnetic forces can be COMPUMAG, 2009, pp. 2807-2810.
calculated by the following equations described in Eq (1). [2] O. C. Zienkiewicz, The Finite Element Method, 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994

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