UNIT I

Projection of Point:
Actual Projector Actual Projector
Quadrant I Above HP FV: Above XY line Quadrant II Above HP FV: Above XY line
In front of VP TV: Below XY line Behind VP TV: Above XY line
PPV: above XY line PPV: above XY line

Quadrant Below HP FV: Below XY line Quadrant IV Below HP FV: Below XY line
III Behind VP TV: Above XY line In front of VP TV: Below XY line
PPV: Below XY PPV: BelowXY line
line

1. Draw the projections of the following points on the XY line, keeping convenient distance
between each projector. Name the Quadrants in which they lie.
A- 20mm above HP and 30 mm in front of VP
B- 20 mm above HP and 30 mm behind VP
C- 20 mm below HP and 30 mm behind VP
D- 20 mm below HP and 30 mm in front of VP

2. Draw the projections of the following points on the XY line, keeping convenient distance
between each projector. Name the Quadrants in which they lie.
A- 30mm above HP and 35 mm in front of VP
B- 35 mm above HP and 40 mm behind VP
C- 40 mm above HP and on VP
D- 35 mm below HP and 30 mm in front of VP
E- 30 mm below HP and 25 mm behind VP
F- 35 mm below HP and 30 mm in front of VP
G- On HP and 30 mm in front of VP
H- On HP and 35 mm behind VP

3. Draw all the three views of a point P lying 60mm below HP, 70mm in front of VP and 40mm
from the RPP. Also state the quadrant in which it lies.
4. A point A is 30mm in front of VP and 40mm above HP. Another point B is 20mm behind VP and
35mm below HP. The horizontal distance between the points measured parallel to XY line is 60
mm. Draw the three projectors of the points. Join their front and top views.

5. A point A is 30 mm in front of VP, 20 mm above HP and 25 mm in front /behind/ from LPP.

Draw its projections and name the side view.

6. A point is 30 mm behind VP, 30 mm above HP and 25 m in front / behind/ from LPP. Draw the
projections and name the side view.

7. A point is 35 mm below HP, 20 mm behind VP and 25 m behind/infront/from RPP. Draw its

projections and name the side view.
8. A point A is 20mm above HP and 25mm in front of VP. Another point B is 25 mm behind VP
and 40 mm below HP. Draw their projections when the distance between their projectors parallel
to XY line is zero mm. Add the right side view only to point B.
Projection of straight Line
1. A line AB 80 mm has its end A 20 mm above HP and 30 mm in front of VP. It is parallel to
both HP and VP. Draw the projections of the line.
2. A line AB 80 mm has its end A 20 mm above HP and 30 mm in front of VP. It is parallel to
HP and perpendicular to VP. Draw the projections of the line.
3. A line AB 80 mm has its end A 20 mm above HP and 30 mm in front of VP. It is
perpendicular to HP and parallel to VP. Draw the projections of the line.
4. A line AB 80 mm has its end A 20 mm above HP and 30 mm in front of VP. It is parallel to
HP and inclined at 300 to VP. Draw the projections of the line.
5. A line AB 80 mm has its end A 20 mm above HP and 30 mm in front of VP. It is parallel to
VP and inclined at 300 to HP. Draw the projections of the line.

Projection of line when true length of line and inclination to both HP and VP are given
6. A line AB 80 mm has its end A 20 mm above HP and 30 mm in front of VP. It is inclined at
300 to HP and inclined at 450 to VP. Draw the projections of the line.

7. A line AB 80 mm long is inclined at 300 to HP and 400 to VP. The end A of the line is 30 mm
from both HP and VP. Draw the projections of the line and determine the distance between
the end projectors when measured parallel to the line of intersection of HP and VP. Also find
the distance of the end B from HP and VP.
 Projection of line when front view, top view and distance between end projectors are
known HP and VP are given
8. A line AB measures 80 mm in front view and 60 mm in top view. Its end A is 30mm above
HP and 25 mm in front of VP. The distance between the end projectors measured parallel to
the line of intersection of HP and VP is 45 mm. Draw the projections of the line AB and find
the true length of line and its inclinations with planes of reference. Measure the distance of
end B from HP and VP.

9. The distance between the end projectors through the end points of a line AB is 40 mm. The
end A is 20 mm above HP and 15mm in front of VP. The end B is 45 mm infront of VP. The
line AB appears 50mm long in the front view. Complete the projections. Find the true length
of the line and its inclinations with HP and VP.
 Projection of line when the true length of line and the distance of its ends from HP and
VP are known
10. A line AB 80 mm long has its end A 30 mm above HP and 15 mm in front of VP. The end B
is 60 mm above HP and 30 mm in front of VP. Draw the projections of the line and
determine,
i. the inclinations of the line AB with HP and VP
ii. The distance between the end projectors

Projection of line – midpoint problem

11. A line AB 100mm long is inclined at 300 to HP and 400 to VP. The midpoint M of line AB is
50mm from HP and 60mm from VP. Draw the projections of the line AB.

12. A line AB measuring 100mm has its end A on HP and 30 mm in front of VP. The midpoint
M of line is 30 mm from HP and 50 mm in front of VP. Draw the projections of line and
determine its inclinations with HP and VP. Also determine the distance of end B from HP and
VP.