Software Verification

PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000

REVISION NO.: 17

CSA S16-14 Example 002

WIDE FLANGE MEMBER UNDER COMPRESSION & BENDING

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The frame object axial and moment strengths are tested in this example.

A continuous column is subjected to factored loads and moments Cf = 2000 kN;

Mfx-top= 200 kN-m; Mfx-bottom= 300 kN-m. This example was tested using the CSA
S16-14 steel frame design code. The design capacities are compared with
Handbook of Steel Construction (9th Edition) results.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

2000 kN

Mxf = 200 kN-m

A A
3.7 m

W310x118
Mxf = 300 kN-m
Section A-A

Material Properties Loading Design Properties

E= 200,000 MPa Cf = 2000 kN fy = 345 MPa

ν= 0.3 Mfx-top = 200 kN-m
G= 76,923.08 MPa Mfx-bottom = 300 kN-m

TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED

➢ Section compactness check (compression & bending)
➢ Member compression capacity
➢ Member bending capacity with no mid-span loading

CSA S16-14 Example 002 - 1

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

RESULTS COMPARISON
Independent results are taken from Example 1 on page 4-114 of the Hand Book
of Steel Construction to CSA S16-01 published by the Canadian Institute of Steel
Construction.

Percent
Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference

Compactness Class 2 Class 2 0.00%

Axial Capacity, Cr (kN) 3849.5 3849.5 0.00%

Bending Capacity, Mr33 605.5 605.5 0.00%

(kN-m)

COMPUTER FILE: CSA S16-14 EX002

CONCLUSION
The results show an exact comparison with the independent results.

CSA S16-14 Example 002 - 2

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

HAND CALCULATION

Properties:
Material:
fy = 345 MPa
E = 200,000 MPa
G = 76923.08 MPa
Section: W310x118
Ag = 15000 mm2
r33 = 135.4006 mm, r22 = 77.5457 mm
I22 = 90,200,000 mm4
Z33 = 1,950,000 mm3
J = 1,600,000 mm4
Cw  1.966 •1012 mm6

ro 2  xo 2  yo 2  r222  r332  02  02  77.54572  135.40062

ro 2  24346.658mm2
Member:
lz= le33 = le22 = 3700 mm (unbraced length)
kz=k33 = k22 =1.0
  0.9

Loadings:
C f  2000 kN

M A  M xf ,top  200 kN-m

M B  M xf ,bottom  300 kN-m

CSA S16-14 Example 002 - 3

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

Section Compactness:
Localized Buckling for Flange:
145 145
 Cl .1    7.81
Fy 345

170 170
 Cl .2    9.15
Fy 345

bf 307
   8.21
2t f 2 • 18.7

Cl .1    Cl .2 ,
Flange is Class 2.

Localized Buckling for Web:

345 • 15000
C y  f y Ag   5175 kN
1000

1100  Cf  1100  2000 

Cl .1  1  0.39   1  0.39   50.30
Fy  Cy  345  5175 

h 276.6
   23.24
tw 11.9

  Cl .1 ,
Web is Class 1.

Section is Class 2

Member Compression Capacity:

Flexural Buckling
n = 1.34 (wide flange section)

CSA S16-14 Example 002 - 4

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

2 E 2 2 • 105
Fex    2643.428 MPa
 1 • 3700 
2 2
 k33l33 
   
 r33   135.4006 

2 E 2 2 • 105
Fey    867.045 MPa
 1 • 3700 
2 2
 k22l22 
   
 r22   77.5457 

Fe  min  Fex , Fey   Fey  867.045MPa

fy 345
   0.6308
Fe 867.045
1 1

   
 
Cr  Ag Fy 1   2 n n  0.9 •15000 • 345 • 1  0.63082•1.34 1.34

Cr  3849.5kN

Torsional & Lateral-Torsional Buckling

 2 EC  1
Fez   w
 GJ 
  k l 2  Ag ro 2
 zz 
 2 • 2 • 105 • 1.966 • 1012  1
Fez    76923.08 • 1.6 • 10 6

 1 • 3700 
2
 15000 • 24347
 
FeZ  1113.203MPa
Fe  Fez  1113.203MPa

fy 345
   0.5567
Fey 1113.203
1 1

   
 
2•1.34
Cr  Ag Fy 1   2n n  0.9 •15000 • 345 • 1  0.5567 1.34

Cr  4044.7 kN (does not govern)

CSA S16-14 Example 002 - 5

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

Section Bending Capacity:

M p33  Z33 Fy  1,950,000 • 345  672.75kN-m

Member Bending Capacity:

ω2 is calculated from the moment profile so is independent of cross section and is

calculated as:
4 • M max
2 
M max 2  4M a 2  7 M b 2  4M c 2
where: Mmax = maximum moment
Ma = moment at ¼ unrestrained span
Mb = moment at ½ unrestrained span
Mc = moment at ¾ unrestrained span

L  Lb Lb 3700  3700 3700

M a @ xa      925mm
2 4 2 4
x   925 
Ma  MB  M A  MB  •  a   300   200   300   •    175kN-m
 lz   3700 
L  Lb Lb 3700  3700 3700
M b @ xb      1850mm
2 4 2 2
x   1850 
M a  M B   M A  M B  •  a   300   200   300   •    50 kN-m
 lz   3700 
L  Lb Lb 3700  3700 3
M c @ xc     3700 •    2775mm
2 4 2 4
x   2775 
Ma  MB  M A  MB  •  a   300   200   300   •    75kN-m
 lz   3700 
Mmax = -300 kN-m @ 0 mm

CSA S16-14 Example 002 - 6

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

4 • 300
2   2.388
3002  4 •  175  7 •  50   4 • 752
2 2

ω2 = 2.388
2
  E 
Mu  2 EI 22GJ    I 22Cw
l22  l22 
2
2.388 •    • 2 • 105 
Mu  2 • 105 • 9.02 • 107 • 76923.08 • 1.6 • 106    9.02 • 10 • 1.966 • 10
7 12

3700  3700 

Mu  5491.227 kN-m

Since M u  0.67 • M p33

 M p 33 
M r 33  1.15M p 33 1  0.28   M p 33
 Mu 

 672.75 
M r 33  1.15 • 0.9 • 672.75 1  0.28  0.9 • 672.75
 5491.227 

M r 33  672.411  605.475

M r 33  605.5kN-m

CSA S16-14 Example 002 - 7