TEST 20: YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT.

A former adviser to the Bank of England has demanded that the school leaving age
should be raised to 18 to fight youth unemployment. Talk about this subject taking into
account the following points:
 The ideal school leaving age.
 Professional training vs. University degree.
 Further effective measures to fight unemployment among adolescents.

Vocabulary
forecast .- previsión.

Phrases

La tasa de desempleo, incluido el paro juvenil, es superior a la media de la Unión

Europea.
The unemployment rate, including youth unemployment, is higher
than the European Union average.
______________________________________________________________________
La desestructuración familiar, el paro juvenil, la precariedad profesional, así como la
falta de formación y, por lo tanto, de inserción [...]

______________________________________________________________________

The school leaving age should be raised to 18 to combat rising youth unemployment.

Some people also suggests that firms in depressed regions such as Andalucia should be
allowed to hire young people without paying national insurance.

He will also warn that rising youth unemployment could be socially destabilising and
create a reservoir of discontent that republican dissidents could exploit.

Prior to his speech at the Children in Conflict conference at the Europa hotel,
Blanchflower said that while the coalition has a monetary policy, "they seem to have no
regional policy".

The one-time member of the Bank of England's monetary policy committee says he is
"extremely concerned that all the good work and great achievements in Northern Ireland
could be put at risk by youth unemployment".

In last week's budget George Osborne announced that Northern Ireland would be
designated as a special enterprise zone. Raising the school leaving age to 18 is "an
economic and social no-brainer", he says. "This doesn't mean necessarily that everyone
up to 18 years of age has to study for A-levels. In a place like Derry, which suffers
badly from youth unemployment, it might mean most kids staying on at school, learning
to up-skill with practical training.

"It's better to have youngsters in school than on the street. Anyone aged 16 or 17 should
be in some sort of training. In the United States they would be considered dropouts."

The economist, who is now based at Dartmouth College in the US, says: "This
government has no plan other than trying to fiddle with the figures and pretend there is
no problem."

Blanchflower points out that the ratio of young to older people on the dole is very high.

He says: "Overall unemployment is running at 8.4% but among the under-25s it is

23%."

One of the main reasons he agreed to attend the Belfast conference was, he said,
because he was concerned about how high youth unemployment in Northern Ireland
might impact on peace and power sharing.

The three-day conference will hear from a number of speakers on how poverty and
unemployment impacts on children in conflict zones. Among those attending will be the
Chief Constable of the PSNI, Matt Baggott.

A department for education spokesman last night said that the school leaving age in
England is due to rise to 18. It is first due to rise to 17 in 2013 and then 18 in 2015

La tasa de desempleo, incluido el paro The unemployment rate, including

juvenil, es superior a la media de youth unemployment, is higher
la Unión Europea. than the European Union average.

[...]
[...]
menos
labour market and to
cualificados, y para reducir
significantly reduce youth
considerablemente el paro juvenil, cuya
unemployment, which is on average
media es el doble de la tasa de
double the overall unemployment rate.
desempleo global.

[...]
progresos alcanzados en la reducción del
desempleo -en especial el paro juvenil y
paro a largo plazo- a lo largo
de 2016.
[...]
made in reducing unemployment -
particularly youth and long-term
unemployment - over the course of
2016 is encouraging.

La desestructuración familiar, el paro Family breakdown, youth unemployment

juvenil, la precariedad and lack of
profesional, así como la falta de formación job security, combined with poor
y, por lo tanto, de inserción education and the consequent difficulty of
[...] achieving
[...]
 [...]
[...]
deter employers from taking on
disuasivo, a pesar de todos los incentivos
apprentices, thereby
financieros, y a contribuir,
contributing to youth unemployment
por tanto, al paro juvenil, en vez de
rather than
mitigarlo.
helping to alleviate it.

In all Member
En todos los Estados
States, youth unemployment, especially
miembros, el paro juvenil, en particular
among
de los jóvenes procedentes de la
people of immigrant origin, is twice as
inmigración, dobla la tasa
high as the overall rate (18.7% for EU-25
[...]
in 2004).

[...]
[...]
in the revised Integrated Guidelines,
reflejarse en las directrices integradas
together with a stronger
revisadas, y hacer mayor
focus on tackling youth unemployment
hincapié en el paro juvenil y el trabajo
and
no declarado.
undeclared work.

[...]
[...]
principalmente entre los hombres, lo que
people, with young men being particularly
demuestra la necesidad creciente de
affected, highlighting a rising need for
medidas
support to tackle youth unemployment.
que ayuden a combatir el paro juvenil.

[...] [...]
de 1998 incluye medidas employment has clearly addressed the
dirigidas específicamente a prevenir el paro prevention of youth unemployment, as
juvenil e integrar a los parados de larga well as the integration of the long-term
duración. unemployed.

El pleno empleo, la Full employment,

temporalidad, el paro juvenil y el paro temporary work, youth unemployment
femenino requieren and women's unemployment
una política de empleo ambiciosa, que require an ambitious employment policy,
apueste which
[...] [...]

El paro juvenil es dos veces más alto que el Youth unemployment is twice as high as
desempleo total e incluye muchos jóvenes total unemployment, and includes many
con titulación young higher education
superior que no logran graduates who are unable
[...] [...]

Con tasas de paro juvenil que doblan al The unemployment rate for young people
índice de desempleo general en la Unión is twice as high as the overall
Europea, unemployment rate.
parece que la situación incluso podría
agravarse más.

La tasa de desempleo es aún alta, con altos

The unemployment rate is still high, with
índices de paro juvenil, a pesar de los
high rates of youth unemployment,
numerosos mecanismos públicos dedicados
despite large-scale public youth job
a la creación
creation schemes.
de empleo para los jóvenes.

un esfuerzo
a renewed endeavour to build employment
renovado para crear posibilidades de empleo
pathways for young people and reduce
para los jóvenes y reducir el paro juvenil,
youth unemployment, as called for in the
tal como lo exige el Pacto Europeo para la
European Youth Pact
Juventud

Aunque a la mayor parte de la juventud

Although the majority of young people in
europea le va bien, el paro juvenil y la
Europe are doing well, youth
exclusión de los jóvenes se han convertido
unemployment and exclusion have become
en fenómenos
permanent social phenomena.
sociales crónicos.

R. Considerando las R. whereas there are high

elevadas tasas de paro juvenil en levels of youth unemployment in certain
significativos major Latin American countries and EU
países de América Latina y la UE Member States

[...] [...]
parcial y la aplicación de implementing a preventative
soluciones preventivas al paro juvenil y de approach to tackling youth and long-
larga duración son term unemployment have been the
los mayores avances en los mercados most notable areas of progress in labour
laborales. markets.

En Alemania se han instaurado vías de

In Germany insertion pathways are
inserción dirigidas a
developed to tackle youth unemployment
abordar específicamente el paro juvenil
especially among immigrants.
entre inmigrantes.

The youth unemployment rate increased

La tasa de paro juvenil se elevó al 16,1%
to 16.1% in 2002, i.e. 0.5 percentage point
en el 2002, es decir, 0,5 puntos porcentuales
higher than in 2001, while the
más que en el 2001, mientras que
unemployment
[...]
[...]

los altos niveles de paro juvenil y de larga the high levels

duración of long-term and youth unemployment
exigen abandonar las políticas pasivas en call for a shift
favor de las políticas activas, from passive to active labour market
[...] policies, with
[...]

[...]
[...]
the EU average, with the unemployment
tasa de desempleo femenino superior al
rate for women more than double the
doble de la tasa de desempleo masculino y
rate for men, and youth unemployment
con una tasa de paro juvenil muy elevada.
very high.

[...]
[...]
empleo de Europa, que
introduced the New
ha visto cómo prácticamente desaparecía el
Deal for the unemployed, the largest jobs
paro juvenil de larga duración y ha
programme in Europe that has seen long-
aumentado la inversión
term youth unemployment
en nuestros servicios
virtually abolished in my country.
[...]

The long-term unemployment rate

El desempleo de larga duración siguió
continued
retrocediendo, mientras
to fall, but the youth unemployment ratio
que la tasa de paro juvenil subió del 2,9
increased from 2.9% in 2000 to 3.2% in
% en 2000 al 3,2 % en 2001.
2001.

33. Considera que, ante el envejecimiento

Considers that, viewed in the light of an
de la población, el problema
ageing population, the problem of
de una tasa de paro juvenil
permanently high youth unemployment
persistentemente
is becoming
elevada constituye un problema cada vez
increasingly serious
más grave

[...] [...]
a políticas activas del mercado laboral, labour market policies, including a
reforzándose el reinforcement of the preventive
planteamiento preventivo del paro juvenil approach to tackling youth and long-
y de larga duración. term unemployment.

Es especialmente importante que los It is particularly important that the social

interlocutores sociales lleguen a acuerdos partners can agree on
sobre measures to reduce youth
medidas para reducir el paro juvenil. unemployment.

How effective can the action

¿Qué resultado pueden tener el paro
plans of the Member States and the
estructural, el paro de larga
employment
duración, el paro juvenil y los esfuerzos
policy with its 22 guidelines be in
realizados con la política del empleo
addressing
[...]
[...]

20. Critica que la estrategia para el Caribe 20. Criticises the fact that the strategy for
se ocupe demasiado poco de la solución del
problema del paro juvenil y de la
frustración creciente entre los jóvenes;
expresa su preocupación ante la posibilidad
de que la inminente crisis en la industria
agrícola del Caribe contribuya a exacerbar
esta situación
the Caribbean pays far too little attention
to the task of dealing with the problem of
youth unemployment and the growing
frustration among young people; is
concerned that the impending crisis in the
Caribbean farming industry will serve to
exacerbate this situation