Hypoxia
Low oxygen content in the tissue
Hypoxemia
Low oxygen content in the blood
How much oxygen does the body use per
minute at rest?
250ml
How much oxygen does the body use
under conditions of demand?
5.0 liters
Anaerobic metabolism
metabolism without the use of oxygen
when does anaerobic metabolism occur?
when the body does not have enough
oxygen
oxygen demand is >supply
what is produced during anaerobic
exercise?
Lactic acid. affects PH and damages the
cells
symptoms of hypoxia
increased RR, HR, cardiac output, BP,
WOB
Dyspnea, nausea, irritability, anxiety,
fear
Extreme cases: cardiac arrhythmia's,
cardiac arrest, Clubbing
Treating Hypoxia
determine the source of the hypoxia to
properly treat.
Oxygen and hypoxia
oxygen is used to treat the symptoms of
hypoxia not the cause
4 types of hypoxia
Pulmonary, anemic, circulatory,
histotoxic
PULMONARY HYPOXIA
caused by lung dysfunction, resulting in
lower oxygen being delivered to the
pulmonary capillary bed.
5 types of pulmonary hypoxia
V/Q mismatch, pure hypoventilation,
shunt, diffusion defect, decreased
inhaled oxygen level.
V/Q mismatch
low and high
the relationship of (V) to (Q)
Pure hypoventilation
Wasserman's number
inadequate Ve without lung pathology
Shunt
Physiologic and anatomic
ANEMIC HYPOXIA
a decreased level of viable (usable)
Hemoglobin (Hb) available for oxygen
transport
2 types of anemic hypoxia
Lack of hemoglobin and loss of viable
hemoglobin
Lack of hemoglobin
reduced hemoglobin. blood loss,
decreased or faulty RBC production,
destruction of RBC
Loss of Viable Hemoglobin
Carbon monoxide poisoning
CIRCULATORY HYPOXIA
Decreased blood circulation through the
pulmonary system
Types of circulatory hypoxia
poor cardiac output, shock, hemorrage
poor cardiac output
heart failure, valve or heart muscle
disease. Heart muscle damage.
HISTOTOXIC HYPOXIA
cell poisoning where body tissue cannot
utilize available oxygen
Types of Histotoxic hypoxia
cyanide poisoning, profound electrolyte
disorders