Mod Jeemain - Guru

JEEMAIN.
GURU
JEE-Mathematics
METHODS OF DIFFERENTIATION
The process of calculating derivative is called differentiation.
1. DERIVATIVE OF f(x) FROM THE FIRST PRINCIPLE :
y f(x  x)  f(x) dy

Obtaining the derivative using the definition Lim  Lim  f '(x)  is called calculating
 x x  0 x
x  0 dx
derivative using first principle or ab initio or delta method.
Illustration 1 : Differentiate each of following functions by first principle :
(i) f(x) = tanx (ii) f(x) = e sinx
tan(x  h)  tan x tan(x  h  x) 1  tan x tan(x  h) 

Solution : (i) f'(x) = lim = lim
h 0 h h 0 h
tanh
= lim . (1 + tan 2x) = sec 2x. Ans.
h 0 h
e sin( x  h )  e sin x e sin(x  h ) sin x  1   sin(x  h)  sin x 

(ii) f'(x) = lim = lim e sin x  
h 0 h h 0 sin(x  h)  sin x  h
sin x sin(x  h )  sin x

= e lim = esinxcosx Ans.
h 0 h
Do yourself -1 :
(i) Differentiate each of following functions by first principle:
1
(a) f(x) = nx (b) f(x) =
x
2. DERIVATIVE OF STANDARD FUNCTIONS :
f(x) f'(x) f(x) f'(x)

Node-6\E:\Data\2014\Kota\JEE-Advanced\SMP\Maths\Unit#04\Eng\04.MOD\MOD.p65
(i) xn nx n–1 (ii) ex ex

(iii) ax axna, a > 0 (iv) nx 1/ x
(v) log a x (1/x) logae, a > 0, a  1 (vi) sinx cosx
(vii) cosx – sinx (viii) tanx sec 2 x
(ix) secx secx tanx (x) cosecx – cosecx . cotx
(xi) cotx – cosec 2 x (xii) constant 0
1 1
(xiii) sin–1 x , 1  x  1 (xiv) cos–1 x , 1  x  1
2
1x 1  x2
1 1
(xv) tan –1 x , x R (xvi) sec –1 x ,| x|  1
1x 2 | x | x2  1
1 1
(xvii) cosec –1 x , | x|1 (xviii) cot –1 x , x R
2
| x | x 1 1  x2
E 77
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
3. FUNDA MENTAL THEOREMS :
If f and g are derivable functions of x, then,
d df dg d df
(a) (f  g)   (b) (cf)  c , where c is any constant
dx dx dx dx dx
d dg df
(c) (fg)  f g known as “PRODUCT RULE”
dx dx dx
 df   dg 
g   f 
d  f  dx   dx 
(d)  where g  0 known as “QUOTIENT RULE”
dx  g  g 2
dy dy du
(e) If y = f(u) & u = g (x) then  . known as “CHAIN RULE”
dx du dx
dy du
Note : In general if y = f(u) then  f '(u). .
dx dx
dy
Illustration 2 : If y = e x tan x + xlog ex, find .
dx
Solution : y = e x .tan x + x · log e x
On differentiating we get,
dy 1
= e x · tan x + e x · sec 2x + 1 · log x + x ·
dx x
dy
Hence, = e x (tanx + sec 2 x) + (logx + 1) Ans.
dx
log x dy
Illustration 3 : If y = + e x sin2x + log 5x, find .
x dx
Solution : On differentiating we get,
1
dy d  log x  d x d ·x  log x . 1 1
   + (e sin 2x )  (log 5 x) = x + ex sin2x + 2ex . cos2x + x log 5
dx dx x dx dx x2 e
dy  1  log x  1
Hence,  2  + e x
(sin2x + 2cos2x) + Ans.
dx  x  x log e 5
  2  dy
1 y  x
Illustration 4 : If x = exp  tan  2   , then
 equals -
 dx
  x 
(A) x [1 + tan (log x) + sec2 x] (B) 2x [1 + tan (log x)] + sec2 x
(C) 2x [1 + tan (log x)] + sec x (D) 2x + x[1 + tan(logx)]2
Solution : Taking log on both sides, we get
 y  x2 
log x = tan–1   tan (log x) = (y – x2) / x2
 x 2 
 y = x2 + x2 tan (log x)
On differentiating, we get
dy
 = 2x + 2x tan (log x) + x sec2 (log x)  2x [1 + tan (log x)] + x sec2 (log x)
dx
= 2x + x[1 + tan(logx)]2 Ans. (D)
78
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
dy
Illustration 5 : If y = log e (tan 1 1  x 2 ) , find .
dx
Solution : y = log e (tan 1 1  x 2 )

1 1 1
= . . .2x
1 2 2 2
tan 1x 1( 1x ) 2 1  x2
x x
= = Ans.
 tan 1

1  x2  1   1  x2 
2
 1  x2  tan 1
1x 2
 2  x 2  1  x2
Do yourself -2 :
dy
(i) Find if -
dx
(a) y = (x + 1) (x + 2) (x + 3) (b) y = e5x tan(x2 + 2)
4. LOGARITHMIC DIFFERENTIATION :
To find the derivative of a function :

(a) which is the product or quotient of a number of functions or
(b) of the form [f(x)] g (x) where f & g are both derivable.
It is convenient to take the logarithm of the function first & then differentiate.
dy
Illustration 6 : If y = (sin x)n x, find
dx
Solution : n y = n x. n (sin x)
1 dy 1 cos x dy  n(sin x) 
 n (sinx) + n x.  = (sinx) n x   cot x  n x  Ans.
y dx x sin x dx  x 
x1 / 2 (1  2 x)2 / 3 dy
Illustration 7 : If y = 3/4 4/5 find
(2  3x) (3  4 x) dx
1 2 3 4
Solution : n y = n x + n (1 – 2x) – n (2 – 3x) – n (3 – 4x)
2 3 4 5
1 dy 1 4 9 16
  –  
y dx 2 x 3(1  2x) 4(2  3x) 5(3  4 x)
dy  1 4 9 16 
 = y     Ans.
dx 2x 3(1  2 x) 4(2  3x) 5(3  4 x) 
Do yourself -3 :
dy dy 2 3 4
(i) Find if y = xx (ii) Find if y  e x .e x .e x .e x
dx dx
E 79
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
5. DIFFERENTIATION OF IMPLICIT FUNCTIONS : (x, y)  0

(a) To find dy /dx of implicit functions, we differentiate each term w.r.t. x regarding y as a function of x &
then collect terms with dy/dx together on one side.
(b) In the case of implicit functions, generally, both x & y are present in answers of dy/dx.
dy
Illustration 8 : If x y + y x = 2, then find .
dx
Solution : Let u = x y and v = yx
du dv
u + v = 2   0
dx dx
Now u = x y and v = yx
 n u = y nx and n v = x n y
1 du y dy 1 dv x dy
  + nx and = n y +
u dx x dx v dx y dx
du y dy  dv x x dy 
 = x y   nx  and dx  y   n y  y dx 
dx x dx
 x y y
y dy   x dy  dy  y ny  x . 
x
 x y    n x  + y x  ny  y dx  = 0   Ans.
x dx dx  y x x
 x nx  y . y 
sin x dy 1  y  cos x  y sin x

Illustration 9 : If y = , prove that  .
cos x dx 1  2y  cos x  sin x
1
sin x
1
1  cos x.....
sin x (1  y ) sin x
Solution : Given function is y = =
cos x 1  y  cos x
1
1y
or y + y 2 + y cos x = (1 + y) sin x
Differentiate both sides with respect to x,
dy dy dy dy
 2y  cos x  y sin x = (1 + y) cosx + sin x
dx dx dx dx
dy
(1 + 2y + cosx – sinx) = (1 + y) cosx + ysinx
dx
dy 1  y  cos x  y sin x
or  Ans.
dx 1  2y  cos x  sin x
Do yourself -4 :
dy
(i) Find , if x + y = sin(x – y)
dx
(ii) If x2 + xey + y = 0, find y', also find the value of y' at point (0,0).
80
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
6. PAR A METRIC DIFFERENTIATION :
dy dy / d 
If y  f( ) & x  g( ) where  is a parameter, then  .
dx dx / d 
dy 
Illustration 10 : If y = a cos t and x = a(t – sint) find the value of at t =
dx 2
dy a sin t dy
Solution :    1 Ans.
dx a(1  cos t) dx t

2
1t 3 2
Illustration 11 : Prove that the function represented parametrically by the equations. x  3 ; y 2 
t 2t t
dy
satisfies the relationship : x(y’)3 = 1 + y’ (where y’ = )
dx
1t 1 1
Solution : Here x =  3  2
t3 t t
Differentiating w.r. to t
dx 3 2
 4  3
dt t t
3 2
y 2

2t t
Differentiating w.r. to t
dy 3 2
 3  2
dt t t
dy dy / dt
  t  y'
dx dx / dt
1t 1y'
Since x =  x or x(y')3 = 1 + y' Ans.
t3 (y ') 3
Do yourself -5 :
dy 
(i) Find at t  if y = cos4t & x = sin4t .
dx 4
(ii) Find the slope of the tangent at a point P(t) on the curve x = at2 , y=2at.
7. DERIVATIVE OF A FUNCTION W.R.T. ANOTHER FUNCTION :

dy dy / dx f '(x)
Let y= f (x) ; z = g (x) then  
dz dz / dx g '(x)
8. DERIVATIVE OF A FUNCTION AND ITS IN VERSE FUNCTION :
If g is inverse of f, then
(a) g{f(x)} = x (b) f{g(x)} = x
g'{f(x)}f'(x)=1 f '{g(x)}g'(x) = 1
Illustration 12 : Differentiate loge (tan x) with respect to sin–1(e x).

d
(log e tan x)
d(log e tan x) dx cot x.sec 2 x e  x 1  e2 x
Solution : = = = Ans.
d(sin 1 (e x )) d sin x cos x
sin 1 (e x ) e x .1 / 1  e 2 x
dx
E 81
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
1
Illustration 13 : If g is inverse of f and f'(x) = , then g'(x) equals :-
1  xn
(A) 1 + x n (B) 1 + [f(x)] n (C) 1 + [g(x)] n (D) none of these
Solution : Since g is the inverse of f. Therefore

f(g(x)) = x for all x
d
 f(g(x))  1 for all x
dx
1
 f'(g(x)) g'(x) = 1      g'(x) = = 1 + (g(x)) n Ans. (C)
f '(g(x))
Do yourself -6 :
(i) Differentiate xnx with respect to nx.
(ii) If g is inverse of ƒ and ƒ (x) = 2x + sinx; then g’(x) equals:
3 1 1
(A)  x 2  (B) 2 + sin–1x (C) 2 + cos g(x) (D)
1  x2 2  cos(g(x))
9. HIGHER ORDER DERIVATIVES :
Let a function y = ƒ (x) be defined on an interval (a, b). If ƒ (x) is differentiable function, then its derivative ƒ '(x) [or
(dy/dx) or y'] is called the first derivative of y w.r.t. x. If ƒ '(x) is again differentiable function on (a, b), then its
derivative ƒ "(x) [or d2y/dx2 or y"] is called second derivative of y w.r.t. x. Similarly, the 3rd order derivative of y
d3 y d  d2 y 
w.r.to x, if it exists, is defined by    and denoted by ƒ '''(x) or y''' and so on.
dx 3 dx  dx 2 
dy dy / d  d2 y d  dy  dx
Note : If x = f() and y = g() where '' is a parameter then  &   
dx dx / d dx 2 d   dx  d
dn y d  d n 1 y  dx
In general dx n  d   dx n 1  d
 
Illustration 14 : If f(x) = x 3 + x 2 f'(1) + xf''(2) + f'''(3) for all x  R. Then find f(x) independent of f'(1), f''(2) and
f'''(3).
Solution : Here, f(x) = x 3 + x 2 f'(1) + xf''(2) + f'''(3)

put f'(1) = a, f''(2) = b, f'''(3) = c .......(i)
3 2
 f(x) = x + ax + bx + c
 f'(x) = 3x 2 + 2ax + b or f'(1) = 3 + 2a + b .......(ii)
 f''(x) = 6x + 2a or f''(2) = 12 + 2a .......(iii)
 f'''(x) = 6 or f'''(3) = 6 .......(iv)
from (i) and (iv), c = 6
from (i), (ii) and (iii) we have, a = –5, b = 2
 f(x) = x 3 – 5x 2 + 2x + 6 Ans.
82
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
d2 y
Illustration 15 : If x = a (t + sin t) and y = a(1 – cos t), find .
dx 2
Solution : Here x = a (t + sin t) and y = a (1–cos t)
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. t, we get :
dx dy
= a(1 + cos t) and = a (sin t)
dt dt
t t
dy 2 sin .cos
a sin t
 =  2 2  tan  t 
 
dx a 1  cos t  t 2
2 cos 2
2
Again differentiating both sides, we get,
 t
d2 y  t  1 dt 1 1 1 sec 2  
 2
= sec  t / 2  
2
= sec 2     = 
dx 2  2  2 dx 2 a 1  cos t  2a  t
2  cos 2 
 2
d2 y 1  t
Hence, =  sec 4   Ans.
dx 2
4a  2
Illustration 16 : y = f(x) and x = g(y) are inverse functions of each other then express g'(y) and g''(y) in terms
of derivative of f(x).
dy dx
Solution :  f '(x) and  g '(y)
dx dy
1
 g '(y)  ...........(i)
f '(x)
Again differentiating w.r.t. to y
d  1  d  1  dx f ''(x)  1 
g ''(y )   . .
dy  f '(x )  dx  f '(x)  dy = (f '(x)) 2  f '(x) 

f ''(x)
 g ''(y)   ...........(ii)
(f '(x)) 3
d2y
2
d x 2
Which can also b e remembered as 2
= – dx 3 Ans.
dy  dy 
 dx 
 
Do yourself : 7
2
(i) If y = xex then find y''. (ii) Find y" at x = /4, if y = x tan x.
(i i i ) Prove that the function y= ex sin x satisfies the relationship y'' – 2y' + 2y = 0.
10. DIFFERENTIATION OF DETERMINANTS :
f(x) g(x) h(x)

If F (x)  l (x) m(x) n(x) , where f, g, h. l, m, n, u, v, w are differentiable functions of x then
u(x) v(x) w(x)
f (x) g (x) h ' (x)
' '
f(x) g(x) h(x) f(x) g(x) h(x)
F '(x)  l (x) m (x) n(x) + l '(x) m '(x) n '(x) + l (x) m(x) n(x)
u(x) v(x) w (x) u(x) v(x) w(x) u '(x) v '(x) w '(x)
E 83
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
x x2 x3
2
Illustration 17 : If f(x) = 1 2x 3x , find f'(x).
0 2 6x
x x2 x3
2
Solution : Here, f(x) = 1 2x 3x
0 2 6x
On differentiating, we get,
d d d x x2 x3 x x2 x3
(x) (x ) 2
x3  1 2x 3x 2
dx dx dx d d d
 f'(x) = + 1  2x   3x 2  +
1 2x 3x 2 dx dx dx d d d
0  2  6 x 
0 2 6x 0 2 6x dx dx dx
1 2x 3x 2 x x2 x3 x x2 x3
22
or f'(x) = 1 2x 3x  0 2 6x  1 2x 3x
0 2 6x 0 2 6x 0 0 6
As we know if any two rows or columns are equal, then value of determinant is zero.
x x2 x3
2
= 0 + 0 + 1 2x 3x  f'(x) = 6 (2x 2 – x 2)
0 0 6
Therefore, f'(x) = 6x 2 Ans.
Do yourself : 8
2x x2 x3
ex x2 2
(i) If ƒ(x)  , then find ƒ '(1). (ii) If ƒ(x)  x  2x 1 3x  1 then find ƒ ' (1).
nx sin x
2x 1  3x 2 5x
11. ˆ P ITAL ' S R ULE :

L ' HO
0 
(a) This rule is applicable for the indeterminate forms of the type , . If the function f(x) and g(x) are
0 
differentiable in certain neighbourhood of the point 'a', except, may be, at the point 'a' itself and
g'(x)  0, and if
lim f(x)  lim g(x )  0 or lim f(x )  lim g(x)   ,
x a x a x a x a
f(x) f '(x)
then lim  lim
x a g(x) x  a g '(x)
f '(x)
provided the limit lim exists (L' Hôpital's rule). The point 'a' may be either finite or improper
x a g '(x)
(+  or –).
0 
(b) Indeterminate forms of the type 0.  or  –  are reduced to forms of the type or by algebraic
0 
transformations.
(c) Indeterminate forms of the type 1, 0 or 00 are reduced to forms of the type 0 ×  by taking logarithms
or by the transformation [f(x)](x) = e (x).nf(x).
84
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
sin x
Illustration 18 : Evaluate lim
x 0
x
log e x
sin x sin x log e x lim
Solution : lim x = lim e  e x 0 cos ecx
x 0 x 0
1/ x
lim
x  0  cos ecx cot x
= e (applying L'Hôpital's rule)
2
sin 2 x  sin x   x 
lim  lim     
x cos x  2  0 
= e x0
= e x  0  x   cos x 
= e 1  e0  1 Ans.
Illustration 19 : Solve lim log sin x sin 2x.
x 0
Solution : Here lim log sin x sin 2x

x 0 
log sin 2x   
= lim  form 
x 0 log sin x  
1
 2 cos 2x
= lim sin 2x {applying L'Hôpital's rule}
x 0 1
 cos x
sin x
  2x  
  cos 2x cos 2x
sin  2x  
= lim = lim 1 Ans.
x 0  x  x 0 cos x
  cos x
sin x 
1/ n
 en 
Illustration 20 : Evaluate nlim  
   
.
1/ n
 en 
Solution : Here, A = lim   (0 form)
n    
1  en  n log e  log   
 log A = lim log   = lim
   form 
n  n  n  n 
log e  0
= lim {applying L'Hôpital's rule}
n  1
1/ n
 en 
1
logA = 1  A = e or nlim  
   
= e Ans.
Do yourself : 9
tan x  x ex  x  1
(i) ˆ
Using L' Hopital 's rule find (a) lim (b) lim
x 0 x3 x 0 x2
sin x  tan x 1 n(1  x)
(ii) ˆ
Using L' Hopital 's rule verify that : (a) lim =  (b) lim 1
x 0 x3 2 x 0 x
INTERESTING FACT :
In 1694 John Bernoulli agreed to accept a retainer of 300 pounds per year from his former student L'Hôpital
to solve problems for him and keep him up to date on calculus. One of the problems was the so-called 0/0
problem, which Bernoulli solved as agreed. When L'Hôpital published his notes on calculus in book form in
1696, the 0/0 rule appeared as a theorem. L'Hôpital acknowledged his debt to Bernoulli and, to avoid claiming
authorship of the book's entire contents, had the book published anonymously. Bernoulli nevertheless accused
L'Hôpital of plagiarism, an accusation inadvertently supported after L'Hôpital's death in 1704 by the publisher's
promotion of the book as L'Hôpital's. By 1721, Bernoulli, a man so jealous he once threw his son Daniel out of
the house for accepting a mathematics prize from the French Academy of Sciences, claimed to have been the
author of the entire work. As puzzling and fickle as ever, history accepted Bernoulli's claim (until recently), but
still named the rule after L'Hôpital.
E 85
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
12. ANALYSIS AND GR APHS OF SOME IN VERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS :
2 tan 1 x | x | 1
1  2x 
 1
(a) y  f(x)  sin      2 tan x x 1
 1  x 2  
1 y
  (   2 tan x) x  1
/2
Important points :
  
(i) Domain is x  R & range is   , 
 2 2 D
(ii) f is continuous for all x but not differentiable
at x = 1, –1 x
–1 1
2
 for | x | 1
1  x 2 D
dy 
(iii)  non existent for | x | 1
dx 
 2 /2
 for | x | 1
1  x2
(iv) Increasing in ( –1 , 1) & Decreasing in ( , 1)  (1,  )
 1  x2  2 tan 1 x if x 0
(b) Consider y  f(x)  cos 1    
 1  x2   2 tan 1 x if x0
Important points :
f(x)
(i) Domain is x  R & range is [0, )
(ii) Continuous for all x but not differentiable
at x = 0
/2
2
 2
for x 0
1  x
dy  x
–1 0 1
(iii) dx   non existent for x 0


  2 for x 0
1  x2
(iv) Increasing in (0,  ) & Decreasing in ( ,0)

2 tan 1 x | x | 1
2x 
1
(c) y  f(x)  tan     2 tan 1 x x  1
1  x2  1
 (   2 tan x) x 1
Important points : f(x)
   /2
(i) Domain is R – {1, – 1} & range is   , 
2 2
(ii) It is neither continuous nor differentiable
at x = 1, –1 x
-1 0 1
2
 | x|1
dy 1  x 2
(iii) 
dx  – /2
 non existent | x |  1
(iv) Increasing  x in its domain

(v) It is bounded for all x
86
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
 1 1
 (   3 sin x) if 1  x  
2

1 1
(d) y  f(x)  sin 1 (3x  4 x 3 )  3 sin 1 x if  x
2 2

   3 sin 1 x 1
if  x 1
 2  y
Important points : 2
  
(i) Domain is x  [ 1, 1] & range is   ,  D
 2 2
(ii) Continuous everywhere in its domain I
3 1
1 1 
(iii) Not derivable at x , 2 2 x
2 2 –1 0 1 3 1
2 2
 3 1 1 I
 if x  ( , )
2 2 2 D
(iv) dy   1  x
dx  3 1 1
 if x  ( 1,  )  ( ,1)
 1  x
2 2 2 
2
 1 1  1 1 
(v) Increasing in   ,  and Decreasing in  1,     ,1 
2 2  2 2 
 1 1
3 cos x  2  if 1  x  
2

1 1
(e) y  f(x)  cos 1 (4 x 3  3x)  2   3 cos 1 x if  x
2 2

3 cos 1 x 1
if  x 1
 2
Important points :
y
(i) Domain is x  [ 1, 1] & range is [0, ]

(ii) Continuous everywhere in its domain
1 1 I
(iii) Not derivable at x   , D D
2 2
/2
 3  1 1
 if x   , 
dy  1x
2  2 2
(iv)   I
dx 3  1  1 
 if x   1,     ,1 
 1  x 2  2  2  x
–1 1 O 1 3
– 3 – 2
2 2 2
 1 1
(v) Increasing in   ,  &
 2 2
 1 1 
Decreasing in  1,     ,1 
 2  2 
GENERAL NOTE :
Concavity is decided by the sign of 2nd derivative as :
d2 y d2 y
0  Concave upwards ; 0  Concave downwards
dx 2 dx 2
E 87
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
d  2  1 1  x  
Illustration 21 :  sin  co t  =
dx   1  x  
1 1
(A)  (B) 0 (C) (D) –1
2 2
 1 1  x   
Solution : Let y = sin2  cot 1  x  . Put x = cos 2    0, 
  2
 1  cos 2  
 y = sin2 cot–1  1  cos 2   = sin2 cot–1 (cot )
 
1  cos 2  1x 1 x
 y = sin2  = = = 
2 2 2 2
dy 1
  . Ans (A)
dx 2
 2x 
Illustration 22 : If f(x) = sin–1   then find
1  x2 
1
(i) f'(2) (ii) f'   (iii) f'(1)
2
 
Solution : x = tan, where    y = sin–1(sin2)
2 2
 
  2 2
 2      2 tan 1 x x 1
 
   1
y = 2   2   f(x) =  2 tan x 1  x  1
 2 2 1
 (   2 tan x) x  1
 
(   2 )   2   
2

 2
 2
x 1
 1x
 2
 f'(x) =  2
1  x  1
 1x
 2
 x  1
 1  x2
2 1 8
(i) f'(2) =  (ii) f'    (iii) f'(1 +) = – 1 and f'(1 –) = +1   f'(1) does not exist Ans.
5 2 5
Do yourself : 10
(i) If y = cos–1(4x3 – 3x)
 3  3
Then find (a) ƒ '    , (b) ƒ ' (0), (c) ƒ '   .
 2   2 
88
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
Miscellaneous Illustrations :
dy 1  y2
Illustration 23 : If 1  x 2  1  y 2  a(x  y ) , then prove that  -
dx 1  x2
Solution : Put x = sin   = sin –1(x)
y = sin   = sin –1(y)
 cos + cos = a(sin – sin)
               
 2 cos  cos   2a cos  sin 
 2   2   2   2 
   
 cot  a
 2 
     2 cot 1 (a)
 sin–1x – sin –1y = 2cot –1(a)
differentiating w.r.t. to x.
1 1 dy
 0
1x 2
1  y dx
2
dy 1  y2
  hence proved Ans.
dx 1  x2
Illustration 24 : Find second order derivative of y = sinx with respect to z = e x.

dy dy / dx cos x
Solution :  
dz dz / dx ex
d2 y d  cos x  dx e x sin x  cos xe x 1

    . = 2
. x
dz 2 dx  e x  dz ex e  
d2 y

 sin x  cos x 
 2 Ans.
dz e2 x
d2 y dy
Illustration 25 : If y = (tan –1 x) 2 then prove that (1 + x 2) 2 +2x (1 + x 2) = 2
dx 2 dx
Solution : y = (tan –1 x) 2
Differentiating w.r.t. x
dy 2 tan 1 x

dx 1  x2
 1  x  dy
2
dx
 2 tan 1
(x)
Again differentiating w.r.t. x
2
d y dy 2 d2 y dy
 1  x  dx
2
 2x   1  x 
2
2
 2x(1  x 2 ) 2 Ans.
dx 2
1  x 
2
dx 2
dx
E 89
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
–1 1  x2  1 1  1  x2
Illustration 26 : Obtain differential coefficient of tan with respect to cos–1
x 2 1  x2
–1 1  x2  1 –1
1  1  x2
Solution : Assume u = tan , v = cos
x 2 1  x2
The function needs simplification before differentiation Let x = tan
 sec   1   1  cos     
 u = tan –1   = tan –1   = tan –1  tan  =
tan   sin   2 2
1  sec  1  cos    
v = cos –1 = cos –1 = cos –1  cos  = u = v
2 sec  2 2 2
du
 = 1. Ans.
dv
ANSWERS FOR DO YOURSELF

1 1
1 : (i) (a) (b) 
x x2
2 : (i) ( a ) 3x 2 + 12x + 11 ( b ) 5e5x tan (x2 + 2) + 2xe5x sec 2(x2 + 2)
3 : (i) xx (nx + 1) ( i i ) y(1 + 2x + 3x2 + 4x3)
cos(x  y)  1  2x  e y 
4 : (i) (ii) y '   y  , –1
cos(x  y)  1  xe  1 
1
5. (i) –1 (ii)
t
6 : (i) 2(x nx)(nx) (ii) D
7 : (i) y'' = 4y + 2xy' (ii)  + 4
8 : (i) e( sin 1 + cos 1) – 1 (ii) 9
1 1
9. (i) (a) (b)
3 2
10 : ( i ) (a) – 6 (b) 3 (c) –6
90
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
EXERCISE - 01 CHECK YOUR GRASP

SELECT THE CORRECT ALTERNATIVE (ONLY ONE CORRECT ANSWER)
sec x  tan x dy
1. If y  then equals -
sec x  tan x dx
(A) 2 sec x (sec x – tan x) (B) –2sec x (sec x – tan x)2
(C) 2 sec x (sec x + tan x)2 (D) –2 sec x (sec x + tan x)2
1  x2  x4
dy
2. If y = = ax + b, then values of a & b are -
2 and
1 x  x dx
(A) a = 2 , b = 1 (B) a = –2 , b = 1 (C) a = 2 , b = –1 (D) a = –2 , b = –1
d
3. Which of the following could be the sketch graph of y =
dx
 x nx  ?
y
y y y
x' x x' x
(A) (B) x'
0 1
x (C) 0 1/e (D) 0 e
x' x
0
y'
y' y' y'
4. Let f(x) = x +3 ln(x – 2) & g(x) = x + 5 ln(x - 1), then the set of x satisfying the inequality f'(x) < g'(x) is -
 7 7 7
(A)  2, 
2
(B) 1, 2    2 , 

 (C) (2, )
2

(D)  , 
1 1 1
   m  n    m  n   m  n    m  n
5. Differential coefficient of  x m  n  .  x n   .  x  m  w.r.t. x is -
     
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) –1 (D) xlmn
1 1 1 dy np
6. If y  n m p m
 m n p n
 m p n p then at x = e m is equal to -
1x x 1x x 1x x dx
mnp mn / p np / m
(A) e (B) e (C) e (D) none of these
 x2  y2  dy
7. If cos–1  2  = log a then =
 x  y2  dx
x y y x
(A)  (B)  (C) (D)
y x x y
100
n 101  n  f 101 
8. If f(x) =  x  n ; then =
n 1 f ' 101 
1 1
(A) 5050 (B) (C) 10010 (D)
5050 10010
FG  IJ is -
H 4K
|sin x|
9. If f(x)  | x| , then f ' 
F I F 2 log 4  2 2 I F I 1/ 2
F 2 log 4  2 2 I
(B) GH JK
1/ 2
(A) G J GH 2   JK GH 2   JK
H 4K 4
F I 1/ 2
F 2 log   2 2 I F I 1/ 2
F 2 log   2 2 I
(C) GH JK GH 2 4  JK (D) GH JK GH 2 4  JK
4 4
E 91
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
x x x x x x dy
10. If y = ......... then -
ababab dx
a b a b
(A) (B) (C) (D)
ab  2ay ab  2by ab  2by ab  2ay
x 2 dy
11. If y  x then =
dx
2 2 2 2
x x 1 x 1
(A) 2 n x.x x (B) (2 n x  1).x (C) ( n x  1).x (D) x .n (ex 2 )
dy
12. If xm . yn = (x + y)m+n, then is -
dx
x y xy
(A) xy (B) (C) (D)
y x xy
dy
13. If x (1  y )  y (1  x)  0 , then equals -
dx
1 1 1 1
(A) 2 (B)  2 (C)  (1  x)  (D) none of these
(1  x) (1  x) (1  x)2
dy
14. If x2 ey + 2xyex + 13 = 0, then equals -
dx
2xe y  x  2y(x  1) 2xe x  y  2y(x  1) 2xe x  y  2y(x  1)
(A)  (B) (C)  (D) none of these
x(xe y  x  2) x(xe y  x  2) x(xe y  x  2)
y  ...........to  dy
15. If x  e y  e , x > 0 then is -
dx
x 1 x 1 x 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
1 x x x x
1 1 dy
16. If x =  – and y =  + , then =
  dx
x y x y
(A) (B) (C) (D)
y x y x
   2
x 1 1  x
17. The derivative of sin 1   w.r.t. cos   , (x > 0) is -
 1  x2   1  x2 
1 1
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) (D) 
2 2
x 10
18. Let g is the inverse function of f & f '(x)  . If g (2) = a then g'(2) is equal to -
1  x  2
5 1  a2 a 10 1  a 10
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 10 a 10 1  a2 a2
d2 F
19. Let f(x) = sinx ; g(x) = x2 & h(x)=loge x & F(x) = h[g(f(x))] then is equal to -
dx 2
(A) 2 cosec3x (B) 2 cot (x2)–4x2 cosec2 (x2)
(C) 2x cot x2 (D) –2 cosec2x
x 1
20. If ƒ (x) = x 2  1 , g(x) = and h(x) = 2x – 3, then ƒ '(h'(g'(x)) =
x2  1
1 2 x
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) (D) 2
x 1 5 x 1
92
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
21. If ƒ & g are the functions whose graphs are as shown, let u(x) = ƒ (g(x)); w(x) = g(g(x)), y
then the value of u'(1) + w'(1) is - 5
ƒ (2,4)
4
(6,3)
1 3 3
(A)  (B) 
2 2 2
g
1
5
(C)  (D) does not exist 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
4
22. f'(x) = g(x) and g'(x) = - f(x) for all real x and f(5) = 2 = f'(5) then f2 (10) + g2 (10) is -
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 8 (D) none of these
f '(1) f ''(1) f '''(1) ( 1) n f '''''''''.......(n times ) (1)

23. If f(x) = xn, then the value of f(1)     .......  -
1! 2! 3! n!
(A) 2n – 1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 2n
24. A function y = f(x) has second order derivative f"(x) = 6(x – 1). If its graph passes through the point (2, 1) and at
that point the tangent to the graph is y = 3x – 5, then the function is -
(A) (x + 1)3 (B) (x + 1)2 (C) (x – 1)2 (D) (x – 1)3
x2 x 3 xn
25. If ƒ (x) = x +   ........ , then ƒ (0) + ƒ '(0) + ƒ ''(0) + ........ + ƒ''''...... n times(0) is equal to -
1! 2 ! (n  1)!
2
n(n  1) (n 2  1)  n(n  1)  n(n  1)(2n  1)
(A) (B) (C)   (D)
2 2  2  6
cos x x 1
2 f '(x)
2 sin x x 2x
26. Let f (x) = . Then Limit 
tan x x 1 x 0 x
(A) 2 (B) –2 (C) –1 (D) 1
f(4)  f(x 2 )
27. If f is differentiable in (0, 6) & f'(4) =5 then Lim =
x 2 2x
(A) 5 (B) 5/4 (C) 10 (D) 20
f(x )  g  x 
28. If f(4) = g(4) = 2 ; f’ (4) = 9 ; g’ (4) = 6 then Limit is equal to -

x 4 x 2
3
(A) 3 2 (B) (C) 0 (D) none of these
2
SELECT THE CORRECT ALTERNATIVES (ONE OR MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWERS)
29. The slope(s) of common tangent(s) to the curves y = e–x & y = e–x sinx can be -

(A) e  / 2 (B) e  (C) (D) 1
2
30. If y + n(1 + x) = 0, which of the following is true ?
1
(A) ey = xy' + 1 (B) y' =  (C) y' + ey = 0 (D) y' = ey
(x  1)
E 93
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
x
31. If y = 2 3 , then y' equals -
x x
(A) 3x n3 n2 (B) y(log2y) n3 n2 (C) 2 3 . 3x n6 (D) 2 3 . 3x n3 n2
d2 y
32. If y = 3t2 & x = 2t then equals-
dx 2
3
(A) 3t (B) 3 (C) (D) None of these
2
33. If g is inverse of ƒ and ƒ (x) = x2 + 3x – 3 (x > 0) then g'(1) equals-
1 1 ƒ '(1)
(A) (B) –1 (C) (D)
2 g(1)  3 5 (ƒ(1)) 2
CHE CK Y OU R G R ASP ANSWER KEY EXERCISE-1
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. B C C D B D C B A D D C B A C
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. A C B D C B C B D A B D A A , B A,B,C
Que. 31 32 33
Ans. B , D C A,C
94
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
EXERCISE - 02 BRAIN TEASERS
SELECT THE CORRECT ALTERNATIVES (ONE OR MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWERS)
1. If y = fofof (x) and f (0) = 0, f '(0) = 2, then find y'(0) -
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9
d  3 d2 y 
2. If y2 = p(x) is a polynomial of degree 3, then 2 y is equal to -
dx  dx 2 
(A) p'''(x) . p'(x) (B) p''(x) . p'''(x) (C) p(x) . p'''(x) (D) none of these
d2 y dy
3. If y is a function of x then 2
y  0 . If x is a function of y then the equation becomes -
dx dx
2 3 2 2
d x dx d2 x
 dx  d2 x  dx  d2 x  dx 
(A) x 0 (B)  y   0 (C)  y   0 (D)  x   0
dy 2 dy dy 2  dy  dy 2  dy  dy 2  dy 
dy
4. If y = tanx tan 2x tan 3x then is equal to-
dx
(A) 3 sec2 3x tan x tan 2x + sec2x tan 2x tan 3x + 2 sec2 2x tan 3x tan x
(B) 2y (cosec 2x + 2 cosec 4x + 3 cosec 6x)
(C) 3 sec2 3x – 2 sec2 2x – sec2 x
(D) sec2x + 2 sec2 2x + 3 sec2 3x
x x dy
5. If y  e  e then equals -
dx
x x
e  e e x
 e x 1 1
(A) (B) (C) y2  4 (D) y2  4
2 x 2x 2 x 2 x
dy
6. Let y  x  x  x  ...... then -
dx
1 x 1 y
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2y  1 x  2y 1  4x 2x  y
dy
7. If 2x + 2y = 2 x+y then has the value equal to -
dx
2y 1 2 x (1  2 y )
1–2 y
(A)  (B) (C) (D)

2x 1  2x 2 y (2 x  1)
8. The functions u = ex sin x ; v = ex cos x satisfy the equation -
du dv d2 u d2 v
(A) v u  u2  v2 (B) 2
 2v (C)  2u (D) none of these
dx dx dx dx 2
9. Two functions f & g have first & second derivatives at x = 0 & satisfy the relations,
2
f(0)  , f'(0) = 2 g'(0) = 4g (0), g''(0) = 5 f''(0) = 6 f(0) = 3 then -
g(0)
f x 15
(A) if h (x) = then h'(0) = (B) if k(x) = f(x) . g(x) sinx then k'(0) = 2
g x 4
g 'x 1
(C) Limit  (D) none of these
x 0 f 'x 2
E 95
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
dy
10. If y2 + b2 = 2xy, then equals -
dx
1 y xy  b 2 xy  b 2
(A) (B) (C) 2 (D)
xy  b 2 yx y  x y
dy
11. If y  x  y  x  c , then is equal to -
dx
2x x c2
y  y2  x2
(A) 2 (B) 2 2 (C) (D)
c y y x x 2y
12. 
Lim  x x
x
  xx  is -
x 0
(A) equal to 0 (B) equal to 1 (C) equal to –1 (D) non existent

13. Select the correct statements -
2x 2  3 for x  1
(A) The function f defined by f(x) =  is neither differentiable nor continuous at x = 1.
3x  2 for x  1
(B) The function f(x) = x2|x| is twice differentiable at x = 0
(C) If f is continuous at x = 5 and f(5) = 2 then Lim f(4x2–11) exists.

x 2
(D) If Lim (f(x)+g(x)) = 2 and Lim (f(x) – g(x)) = 1 then Lim f(x). g(x) may not exist.
x a x a x a
n
14. Let   Lim x m  nx  where m, n  N then -
x 0
(A)  is independent of m and n (B)  is independent of m and depends on m

(C)  is independent of n and depends on m (D)  is dependent on both m and n
log sin 2 x cos x
15. Lim has the value equal to -
x 0 x
log x cos
sin 2 2
2
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) none of these
BRAIN TEASER S ANSWER KEY EXERCISE-2
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. C C C A,B,C A,C A,C,D A,B,C,D A,B,C A,B,C B,C
Que. 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. A,B,C C B,C A C
96
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
EXERCISE - 03 MISCELLANEOUS TYPE QUESTIONS
TRUE / FALSE
u u '(x)  u(x) ' p q

1. Let u(x) and v(x) are differentiable functions such that (x) = 7 If = p and   = q then =1
v v '(x)  v(x)  p q
2. If f(x) = |x – 2|, then f'(f(x)) = 1 for x > 20
c
3. If f(0) = a, f'(0) = b, g(0) = 0 and (fog)'(0) = c, then g'(0) =
b
1
4. The differential coefficient of f(logx) w.r.t. logx where f(x) = logx is
log x
5. f'(sinx) = (f(sinx))'
dy 6
6. If x = t 2 + 3t – 8, y = 2t 2 – 2t –5, then at (2, –1) is
dx 7
MATCH THE COLUMN
Following questions contains statements given in two columns, which have to be matched. The statements in
Column-I are labelled as A, B, C and D while the statements in Column-II are labelled as p, q, r and s. Any given
statement in Column-I can have correct matching with ONE statement in Column-II.
1. Column-I Column-II
Graph of f(x) Graph of f'(x)
(A) (p)
(B) (q)
(C) (r)
(D) (s)
E 97
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
2. Column-I Column-II
(A) If f(x) = x 3 + x + 1, then f'(x 2 + 1) at (p) 1

x = 0 is
(B) If f(x) = log x 2 (log x ) , then f'(e e) is equal to (q) 0
 x
(C) For the function y = n tan    (r) 28
4 2
dy
if = secx + p, then p is equal to
dx
(D) If f(x) = |x 3 – x 2 + x – 1| sin x, then (s) 4
4f'(28f(f())) is equal to
ASSERTION & RE ASON
These questions contain Statement I (assertion) and Statement II (reason).

(A) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true ; Statement-II is correct explanation for Statement-I.
(B) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is true ; Statement-II is NOT a correct explanation for statement-I.
(C) Statement-I is true, Statement-II is false.
(D) Statement-I is false, Statement-II is true.
1. Statement-I : Let f(x) is a continuous function defined from R to Q and f(5) = 3 then differential coefficient
of f(x) w.r.t. x will be 0.
Because
Statement-II : Differentiation of constant function is always zero.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
2
1  2x  1  1  x 
2. Statement-I : Derivative of sin  2  with respect to cos  1  x 2  is 1 for 0 < x < 1.
1x 
Because
2
1  2x  1  1  x 
Statement-II : sin    cos  1  x 2  for –1  x  1.
1  x2 
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
x
3. Consider ƒ (x) = & g(x) = ƒ ''(x).
2
x 1
Statement-I : Graph of g(x) is concave up for x > 1.
Because
dn ( 1) n n !  1 1 
Statement-II : (ƒ (x))    ,
dx n 2  (x  1)
n 1
(x  1)  n  N
n 1
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS

Comprehension # 1
f(x  y)  f(x) f(y )  1

Let = + xy,, xy  R. f(x) is differentiable and f'(0) = 1. Let g(x) be a derivable function
2 2
 xy  g(x)  g(y)
at x = 0 and follows the functional rule g   = (k  R, k  0, 2)
 k  k
Let g'(0) =   0
98
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
On the basis of above information, answer the following questions :
1. Domain of n(f(x)) is-
(A) R + (B) R – {0} (C) R (D) R –
2. Range of y = log 3/4 (f(x))
3 
(A) (–, 1] (B)  ,   (C) (–, ) (D) R
4 
3. If the graphs of y = f(x) and y = g(x) intersect in coincident points the  can take values-
(A) 3 (B) 1 (C) –1 (D) 4
Comprehension # 2
Limits that lead to the indeterminate forms 1 , 0 0, 0 can sometimes be solved taking logarithm first and
ˆ
then using L' Hopital 's rule
lim g ( x ) nf ( x )
Let Lim (f(x)) g ( x ) is in the form of 0, it can be written as e x  a  eL
x a
nf(x) 
where L = lim is ˆ
form and can be solved using L' Hopital 's rule.
1 / g(x)
x a 
On t he basis of above i nformat ion, a nswer t he fol low i ng que st ions :
1. Lim x 1 /(1  x ) -
x 1
(A) –1 (B) e –1 (C) –2 (D) e –2

n
2. Lim ( nx)1 / 2 x  x 1 / x   n  N -
x 
(A) 2 (B) 0 (C) e 1/2 (D) e
3. Lim (sin x )2 sin x

x 0
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 2 (D) does not exist
C o mp re he n s i o n # 3
Left hand derivative and right hand derivative of a function f(x) at a point x = a are defined as
lim f(a)  f(a  h) f(a  h)  f(a)
f' (a –) = h  0  = hlim
 0  and
h h
f(a  h)  f(a) f(a)  f(a  h) f(a)  f(x)
f'(a + ) = hlim = hlim = xlim
0   0   a  respectively
h h a x
Let f be a twice differentiable function. We also know that derivative of an even function is odd function
and derivative of an odd function is even function.
1. If f is odd, which of the following is Left hand derivative of f at x = –a
f(a  h)  f(a) f(h  a)  f(a) f(a)  f(a  h) f( a)  f(–a  h)

(A) hlim
0 
(B) lim  (C) hlim
0 
(D) hlim
0 
h h 0 h h h
2. If f is even, which of the following is Right hand derivative of f' at x = a
f '(a)  f '( a  h) f '(a)  f '(–a  h)

(A) hlim
0 
(B) hlim
0 
h h
–f '(–a)  f '(–a  h) f '(a)  f '(–a  h)
(C) hlim
0 
(D) hlim
0 
h h
E 99
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
f(  x)  f(  x  h) f(x)  f(x  h)
3. The statement hlim = hlim implies that for all x  R
0 h  0 h
(A) f is odd (B) f is even
(C) f is neither odd nor even (D) nothing can be concluded
C o mp re he n s i o n # 4
An operator  is defined to operate on differentiable functions defined as follows.
ƒ3 x  h   ƒ3 x 
If ƒ (x) is a differentiable function then   ƒ  x    lim
h 0 h
g(x) is a differentiable function such that the slope of the tangent to the curve y = g(x) at any point (a, g(a))
is equal to 2e a (a+1) also g(0)=0.
1.   g  x   at x=n2 is –
(B) n  4e 2  n 2 2 (C) 96 n  4e  n 2
2 2
(A) 24 n2 {2 n2+ 2} (D) 192n(4e) n 2 2
2.  ( (x + 2)) x = 0
(A) 2 5 ·3 9 (B) 2 9 ·3 5 (C) 2 4 ·3 5 (D) 2 6 ·3 4
g  x 
3. lim
x 0 n  cos 2x 
(A) –12 (B) 12 (C) 24 (D) –24
M ISCEL L AN E OU S TYP E Q U ESTION ANSWER KEY EXERCISE-3
 Tr u e / Fals e
1. T 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. T
 Matc h th e C o lu mn
1 . (A)  (q); (B)  (s); (C) (p); (D) (r) 2 . (A)  (s); (B)  (q); (C) (q); (D) (s)
 A s s er ti o n & R eas o n
1. A 2. C 3. A
 C o mp r eh e ns i o n B as ed Qu es ti o ns
Comprehensi on # 1 : 1. C 2. A 3 . A,C
C o mp re he n s i o n # 2 : 1 . B 2. A 3. A
C o mp re he n s i o n # 3 : 1 . A 2. A 3. B
C o mp re he n s i o n # 4 : 1 . C 2. D 3. A
100
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
EXERCISE - 04 [A] CONCEPTUAL SUBJECTIVE EXERCISE
a  bx 3 / 2 dy a
1. If y = and vanishes at x = 5 then find .
x5 / 4 dx b
x4  4 dy
2. If y  2 then find
x  2x  2 dx x
1
2
2 dy
3. If f'(x) = 2x 2  1 and y = f(x ) then find dx at x = 1.
2
1 + nt 3 + 2 nt dy  dy 
4. If x = 2 and y = . Show that y = 2x   + 1.
t t dx  dx 
d
5.
f (x)
If fn(x) = e n 1 for all n  N and f0(x) = x then show that
dx
fn (x)  f1 (x).f2 (x).........fn (x) .
x2 1
6. If y   x x 2  1  n x  x 2  1 prove that 2y = xy' + ny', where y' denotes the derivative of y w.r.t. x.
2 2
1
7. Let f(x) = x +
1
2x 
1
2x 
2x  ........
Compute the value of f(100).f'(100).
u 1  1   1  dy
8. If y  tan 1 & x  sec 1 2
, u   0,   ,1 ; prove that 2 1  0
1  u2 2u  1  2  2  dx
x  1x  dy
9. If y = tan–1 + sin  2 tan 1  , then find for x  (–1, 1).
1 1x 2
 1x  dx
10. If x = 2 cost – cos2t & y = 2 sint – sin2t, find the value of (d2y / dx2) when t  (  / 2) .
ax 2 bx c y' 1 a
  
b

c 
11. If y     1 , Prove that [JEE 98]
(x  a )(x  b)(x  c) (x  b)(x  c) (x  c) y x  a  x b  x c  x 
y
d2 y 2(x 2  y 2 )
arcsin
2 2 x2  y2  , x > 0.
12. If x y e . Prove that
dx 2 (x  y) 3
13. Let f(x)  x 2  4 x  3, x  2 and let g be the inverse of f. Find the value of g' at f(x) = 9
d2 y dy
14. If y = xn[(ax)–1 + a–1], prove that x(x + 1) 2 + x = y – 1
dx dx
2
 dy 
15. If x  sec   cos  ; y  sec n   cos n  , then show that (x 2  4)    n 2 (y 2  4)  0 .
 dx 
1  x2
16. (a) Differentiate y  cos 1 n-1x, stating clearly where function is not differentiable.
w. r. t. tan
1  x2
(b) If y  sin 1 (3x  4 x 3 ) find dy/dx stating clearly where the function is not derivable in ( –1,1).
E 101
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
17. Suppose f and g are two functions such that f, g : R  R,

f(x) = n 1  1  x 2  
and g(x) = n x  1  x 2 
  1  '
then find the value of x.eg(x)  f    + g'(x) at x = 1.
  x 
(a  b cos x )x  c sin x
18. Determine the values of a, b and c so that Lim 1
x 0 x5
Solve using L' Hoˆp it a l 's rule or series expansion. (Q.18 – Q.21)
x cos x  n(1  x)
19. Lim
x 0 x2
1 1 
20. Lim  2  
x 0  x sin 2 x 
a x  xa
21. If Lim  1 find 'a'.
x a xx  aa
22. Lim log tan 2 x (tan 2 2x)

x 0
(x  a) 4 (x  a ) 3 1 (x  a ) 4 (x  a)2 1
4 3 4 2
23. If f(x)  (x  b) (x  b) 1 then f '(x)  . (x  b) (x  b) 1 Find the value of  .
4 3 4 2
(x  c) (x  c) 1 (x  c) (x  c) 1
CON CEP TUAL SU BJ ECTIVE E X ER CISE ANSWER KEY EXERCISE-4(A)
1  2x 3 1
1. 5 2. 3 3. 2 7. 100 9. 2
10.  13.
2 1x 2 8
1 6 . (a) Not differentiable at x = 0 (b) Not derivable at x  1 / 2 17. zero
1 1
1 8 . a = 120; b = 60; c = 180 19. 20.  21. a = 1 22. 1 23. 3
2 3
102
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
EXERCISE - 04 [B] BRAIN STORMING SUBJECTIVE EXERCISE
1 d2 f dy d2 y
1. If x = and y = f(x), show that : 2
 2z 3  z4 2
z dx dz dz
2. Prove that if |a1 sin x + a2 sin 2x +.....+ an sin nx ||sin x| for x R, then|a1 + 2a2 + 3a3 +.....+ nan | 1
 x d2 y dy
3. Show that the substitution z = n  tan  changes the equation  cot x  4 y cosec 2 x  0 to
 2  dx 2 dx
(d2y/dz2) + 4y = 0
4. Find a polynomial function f(x) such that f(2x) = f'(x) f''(x).
5. If Y = sX and Z = tX, where all the letters denotes the function of x and suffixes denotes the differentiation w.r.t.
X Y Z
s1 t1
x then prove that X1 Y1 Z1  X 3
s2 t2
X2 Y2 Z2
dy x 2 1  y6
6. If 1  x 6  1  y 6  a 3 .(x 3  y 3 ) , prove that  .
dx y 2 1  x6
7. If  be a repeated root of a quadratic equation f(x) = 0 & A(x), B(x), C(x) be the polynomials of degree
A (x) B(x) C(x)
3, 4 & 5 respectively, then show that A (  ) B(  ) C ( ) is divisible by f(x), where dash denotes the derivative.
A '( ) B '(  ) C '(  )
1 1 1 1 1
8. If y  tan  tan 1 2
2
 tan 1 2  tan 1 2 +......... upto n terms.
x  x 1 x  3x  3 x  5x  7 x  7x  13
Find dy/dx, expressing your answer in 2 terms.
 g(x) , x0
 1/ x
9. Let g(x) be a polynomial, of degree one & f(x) be defined by f(x) =  1  x 
 2  x  , x 0
Find the continuous function f(x) satisfying f'(1) = f(–1)

f(x  y)  f(x) f(y)  a
1 0 . Let   xy for all real x and y. If f(x) is differentiable and f'(0) exists for all real permissible
2 2
values of 'a' and is equal to 5a  1  a 2 . Prove that f(x) is positive for all real x.
1 2
1 1 . Find the value f(0) so that the function f(x) =  , x  0 is continuous at x = 0 & examine the differentiability
x e2 x  1
of f(x) at x = 0.
a sin x  bx  cx 2  x 3
1 2 . If Lim exists & is finite, find the value of a, b, c & the limit.
x 0 2x 2 .n(1  x)  2x 3  x 4
BRAIN STOR MIN G SUBJ ECTIVE E X ER CISE ANSWER KEY EXERCISE-4(B)
 2 1 3
3 1 1   3  6  n 2  x if x0
4x  
4. 8. 2
 9. f(x)= 
9 1  (x  n) 1  x2  1  x  1/ x
  if x 0
 2  x 
1 1 . f(0) = 1, differentiable at x = 0, f'(0+) = –(1/3); f'(0–) = –(1/3) 12. a = 6, b = 6, c = 0 ; 3/40
E 103
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
EXERCISE - 05 [A] JEE-[MAIN] : PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
f(x)  1
1. If f(1) = 1, f'(1) = 2, then lim  [AIEEE - 2002]
x 1 x 1
(1) 2 (2) 1 (3) 3 (4) 4
log x n  [x]
2. lim , n  N, (where [x] denotes greatest integer less than or equal to x)-
x  [x]
[AIEEE - 2002]
(1) Has value -1 (2) Has values 0 (3) Has value 1 (4) Does not exist
dy
3. If y = log y x, then = [AIEEE-2002]
dx
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
x  log y log x(1  y ) x(1  log y ) y  log x
dy
4. If x = 3cos – 2cos 3  and y = 3sin – 2sin3, then = [AIEEE-2002]
dx
(1) sin (2) cos (3) tan (4) cot

n
5. 
If y = x  1  x 2  then (1 + x 2)y 2 + xy 1 = [AIEEE-2002]
(1) ny 2 (2) n2 y (3) n2y 2 (4) None of these
f '(1) f "(1) f '"(1) ( 1) n f n (1)

6. If f(x) = x n, then the values of f(1) –    ...  is- [AIEEE-2003]
1! 2! 3! n!
(1) 1 (2) 2 n (3) 2n–1 (4) 0

7. Let f(x) be a polynomial function of second degree. If f(1) = f(–1) and a, b, c are in A.P. then f'(a), f'(b) and
f'(c) are in- [AIEEE-2003]
(1) Arithmetic-Geometric Progression (2) Arithmetic progression (A.P.)
(3) Geometric progression (G.P.) (4) Harmonic progression (H.P.)
y  .....to  dy
8. If x = e y  e , x > 0, then is - [AIEEE-2004]
dx
x Node-6\E:\Data\2014\Kota\JEE-Advanced\SMP\Maths\Unit#04\Eng\04.MOD\MOD.p65
1 1x 1x
(1) (2) (3) (4)
1x x x x
dy
9. If x m.y n = (x + y) m+n, then is- [AIEEE-2006]
dx
xy x y
(1) (2) xy (3) (4)
xy y x
10. Let y be an implicit function of x defined by x 2x – 2x x cot y – 1 = 0. Then y'(1) equals :-
[AIEEE-2009]
(1) log 2 (2) –log2 (3) –1 (4) 1
11. Let f : (–1, 1)  R be a differentiable function with f(0) = – 1 and f'(0) = 1. Let g(x) = [f(2f(x) + 2)] 2. Then
g'(0) :- [AIEEE-2010]
(1) 4 (2) –4 (3) 0 (4) –2
104
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
d2x
12. equals :- [AIEEE-2011]
dy 2
1 1
 d 2 y   dy  2  d 2 y   dy 3  d2 y   d2 y   dy 
3
(1)  2    
(2)  2    (3)  2  (4)   2   
 dx   dx   dx   dx   dx   dx   dx 
dy
13. If y = sec(tan–1 x), then at x = 1 is equal to : [JEE-(Main)-2013]
dx
1 1
(1) (2) (3) 1 (4) 2
2 2
P RE VIOU S Y EARS QU E STION S ANSWER KEY E XE R CISE -5 [A]
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. 1 1 3 4 2 4 2 3 4 3
Que. 11 12 13
Ans. 2 2 1
E 105
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
EXERCISE - 05 [B] JEE-[ADVANCED] : PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
1. (a) If ln(x + y) = 2xy, then y'(0) = [JEE 2004 (Scr.)]

(A) 1 (B) –1 (C) 2 (D) 0
 1  x  c  1
 b sin  ,  2  x  0
  2 
 1
(b) f(x) =  , at x  0
 2
 e ax / 2  1 1
 , 0x
 x 2
If f(x) is differentiable at x = 0 and  c  < 1/2 then find the value of 'a' and prove that 64b2 = 4 – c2.
[JEE 2004, 4]
2. (a) If y = y(x) and it follows the relation x cos y + y cos x = , then y"(0) :-
(A) 1 (B) –1 (C)  (D) –
(b) If P(x) is a polynomial of degree less than or equal to 2 and S is the set of all such polynomials
so that P(1) =1, P(0) = 0 and P'(x) > 0  x  [0, 1], then :-
(A) S =  (B) S = (1 – a)x2 + ax, 0 < a < 2
(C) (1 – a)x2 + ax, a  (0, ) (D) S = (1 – a)x2 + ax, 0 < a < 1
(c) If f(x) is a continuous and differentiable function and f(1/n) = 0,  n  1 and n  I, then :-
(A) f(x) = 0, x  (0, 1] (B) f(0) = 0, f ' (0) = 0
(C) f ' (x) = 0 = f " (x), x  (0, 1] (D) f(0) = 0 and f ' (0) need not to be zero
[JEE 2005 (Scr.)]
(d) If f(x – y) = f(x) · g(y) – f(y) · g(x) and g(x – y) = g(x) · g(y) + f(x) · f(y) for all x, y  R. If right
hand derivative at x = 0 exists for f(x). Find derivative of g(x) at x = 0. [JEE 2004 (Scr.)]
1/ x
3. For x > 0, Lim((sin x)  (1 / x) sin x ) is :- [JEE 2006, 3]
x 0
(A) 0 (B) –1 (C) 1 (D) 2
d2 x
4. equals :- [JEE 2007, 3]
dy 2
1 1 3 2 3
 d2 y   d 2 y   dy   d 2 y   dy   d 2 y   dy 
(A)  2  (B)   2    (C)  2    (D) –  2   
 dx   dx   dx   dx   dx   dx   dx 
5. (a) Let g(x) = n f(x) where f(x) is a twice differentiable positive function on (0, ) such that
f(x + 1) = x f(x). Then for N = 1, 2, 3
 1 1 
g"  N   – g"   =
 2  2 
 1 1 1   1 1 1 
(A) –4 1    ....... 2 
(B) 4 1    ....... 2 
 9 25 (2N  1)   9 25 (2N  1) 
 1 1 1   1 1 1 
(C) –4 1    ....... 2  (D) 4 1    ....... 2 
 9 25 (2N  1)   9 25 (2N  1) 
106
E
JEEMAIN.GURU
JEE-Mathematics
(b) Let f and g be real valued functions defined on interval (–1, 1) such that g"(x) is continuous,
g(0)  0, g'(0) = 0, g"(0)  0, and f(x) = g(x) sin x.
Statement-1 : Lim
x 0
[g(x) cot x – g(0)cosecx] = f "(0)
and
Statement-2 : f ' (0) = g(0)
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation of statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true. [JEE 2008, 3+3]
x
6. If the function f(x) = x 3  e 2 and g(x) = f –1 (x), then the value of g'(1) is [JEE 2009, 4]
  sin      d
7. Let ƒ( )  sin  tan 1    , where     . Then the value of (ƒ( )) is
  cos 2    4 4 d(tan )
[JEE 2011, 4]
P RE VIOU S Y EARS QU E STION S ANSWER KEY E XE R CISE -5 [B]
1. (a) A ; (b) a = 1 2. (a) C ; (b) B ; (c) B, (d) g' (0) = 0 3. C 4. D

5. (a) A ; (b) A 6. 2 7. 1
E 107

Mod Jeemain - Guru

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Mod Jeemain - Guru

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

JEEMAIN.

1. DERIVATIVE OF f(x) FROM THE FIRST PRINCIPLE :

y f(x  x)  f(x) dy

Illustration 1 : Differentiate each of following functions by first principle :

(i) f(x) = tanx (ii) f(x) = e sinx

tan(x  h)  tan x tan(x  h  x) 1  tan x tan(x  h) 

e sin( x  h )  e sin x e sin(x  h ) sin x  1   sin(x  h)  sin x 

sin x sin(x  h )  sin x

2. DERIVATIVE OF STANDARD FUNCTIONS :

f(x) f'(x) f(x) f'(x)

(i) xn nx n–1 (ii) ex ex

Solution : y = log e (tan 1 1  x 2 )

To find the derivative of a function :

5. DIFFERENTIATION OF IMPLICIT FUNCTIONS : (x, y)  0

sin x dy 1  y  cos x  y sin x

7. DERIVATIVE OF A FUNCTION W.R.T. ANOTHER FUNCTION :

(a) g{f(x)} = x (b) f{g(x)} = x

Illustration 12 : Differentiate loge (tan x) with respect to sin–1(e x).

Solution : Since g is the inverse of f. Therefore

9. HIGHER ORDER DERIVATIVES :

Solution : Here, f(x) = x 3 + x 2 f'(1) + xf''(2) + f'''(3)

from (i) and (iv), c = 6

from (i), (ii) and (iii) we have, a = –5, b = 2

10. DIFFERENTIATION OF DETERMINANTS :

f(x) g(x) h(x)

11. ˆ P ITAL ' S R ULE :

Solution : Here lim log sin x sin 2x

(iv) Increasing in (0,  ) & Decreasing in ( ,0)

(iv) Increasing  x in its domain

Solution : Put x = sin   = sin –1(x)

y = sin   = sin –1(y)

 cos + cos = a(sin – sin)

Illustration 24 : Find second order derivative of y = sinx with respect to z = e x.

d2 y d  cos x  dx e x sin x  cos xe x 1

Again differentiating w.r.t. x

The function needs simplification before differentiation Let x = tan

ANSWERS FOR DO YOURSELF

10 : ( i ) (a) – 6 (b) 3 (c) –6

EXERCISE - 01 CHECK YOUR GRASP

(A) 2 sec x (sec x – tan x) (B) –2sec x (sec x – tan x)2

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) –1 (D) xlmn

f '(1) f ''(1) f '''(1) ( 1) n f '''''''''.......(n times ) (1)

(A) 2 (B) –2 (C) –1 (D) 1

28. If f(4) = g(4) = 2 ; f’ (4) = 9 ; g’ (4) = 6 then Limit is equal to -

CHE CK Y OU R G R ASP ANSWER KEY EXERCISE-1

EXERCISE - 02 BRAIN TEASERS

1. If y = fofof (x) and f (0) = 0, f '(0) = 2, then find y'(0) -

(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9

(A)  (B) (C) (D)

(A) equal to 0 (B) equal to 1 (C) equal to –1 (D) non existent

(B) The function f(x) = x2|x| is twice differentiable at x = 0

(C) If f is continuous at x = 5 and f(5) = 2 then Lim f(4x2–11) exists.

(A)  is independent of m and n (B)  is independent of m and depends on m

BRAIN TEASER S ANSWER KEY EXERCISE-2

EXERCISE - 03 MISCELLANEOUS TYPE QUESTIONS

u u '(x)  u(x) ' p q

Graph of f(x) Graph of f'(x)

(A) If f(x) = x 3 + x + 1, then f'(x 2 + 1) at (p) 1

ASSERTION & RE ASON

These questions contain Statement I (assertion) and Statement II (reason).

(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D

COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS

f(x  y)  f(x) f(y )  1