VIVEKANANDA INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

FUNDAMENTALS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

PRACTICAL FILE

Submitted to Submitted By

Preeti Rathee Name - Srishti Maheshwari

Assistant Professor Section -

VSIT Roll No. -

 INDEX

SNO. TOPIC DATE SIGN

 DOS
( Disk Operating System )

Disk Operating System , most often reveal themselves in abbreviated form as DOS, refer to
an operating system software used in most computers that provides the abstraction and
management of secondary storage devices and the information on them. (eg., file system fo
organizing files of all sorts).

DOS commands are small programs, which are made to perform a particular job. Every DOS
command performs different task. It is not possible to work on the computer without these
commands.

Internal
Commands
DOS
Enternal
Commands

Two types of DOS commands are:

1. Internal command - In DOS systems, an internal command is any command that resides
in the COMMAND.COM file. If we delete COMMAND.COM, we can no longer command
DOS to do anything at the command file. This includes the most common DOS commands , such
as COPY, DIR, DEL etc

2. External Command – In DOS systems, an external command is any command tht resides
in its own file in DOS directory. If any of those files are deleted accidently or deliberately , one
can still execute all of DOS internal commands and any external commands that are still left on
dis. Some of its examples are FORMAT, XCOPY, BACKUP etc.
 Internal Commands

1. MKDIR COMMAND
Use-
This command is used to make new folder/directory.
Syntax-
MKDIR/MD <DIRECTORY_NAME>

2. RMDIR COMMAND
Use-
This command is used to remove a directory.
Syntax-
RMDIR <DIRECTORY_NAME>
3. CD /CD.. COMMAND
Use-
This command is used to change the current folder/directory.
 CD- goes to the highest level, the root of directory.
 CD.. – goes back one directory.
Syntax-
CD<DIRECTORY/FOLDER NAME>
CD..

4. DEL COMMAND
Use-
This command is used to delete or erase a file.
Syntax-
DEL <FILE_NAME>
5. DIR COMMAND
Use-
This command allows us to see the available files in a directory.
Syntax-
DIR <DIRECTORY_NAME>

6. ECHO COMMAND-
Use-
This command is used to print the statement by default to the screen.
Syntax-
ECHO <MESSAGE>
7. COPY CON COMMAND
Use-
This command is used for creating a quick batch file.
Syntax-
COPY CON <FILE_NAME>

8. TYPE COMMAND
Use-
This command is used to display of all the contents of a file that has
been already created.
Syntax-
TYPE <FILE_NAME>
9. DATE COMMAND
Use-
 To display the system date and allow the user to change it.
 mm-dd-yy(month, date and year in two digits)
Syntax-
DATE

10. TIME COMMAND

Use-
 To display the system time and allows the user to change it.
 hh-mm-ss-ms a/p(hours, minutes, seconds, micro seconds am/pm)
Syntax-
TIME
11. PATH COMMAND
Use-
Displays or sets path for executable file. Path command without
parameters tells the current location.
Syntax-
PATH

12. REN COMMAND

Use-
We can rename the existing file using REN/RENAME command.
Syntax-
REN/RENAME <OLD_FILE_NAME> <NEW_FILE_NAME>
13. VOL COMMAND-
Use-
This command displays the volume label and serial number about the designated file.
Syntax-
VOL

14. EXIT COMMAND

Use-
The exit command is used to withdrawal from the currently running application.
Syntax-
EXIT