HOME AUTOMATION USING ARDUINO

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a low cost and flexible home control and environmental monitoring system. It employs an embedded micro – web server
in Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller, with IP connectivity for accessing and controlling devices and appliances remotely. These devices
can be controlled through a web application or via Bluetooth Android based Smart phone app. The proposed system does not require a
dedicated server PC with respect to similar systems and offers a novel communication protocol to monitor and control the home
environment with more than just the switching functionality. To demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this system, devices such as
light switches, power plug, temperature sensor, gas sensor and motion sensors have been integrated with the proposed home control system.

The rapidly advancing mobile communication technology and the decrease in costs make it possible to incorporate mobile technology into
home automation systems. We propose a mobile and internet based home automation system that consists of a mobile phone with android
capabilities, an internet based application, and a home server. The home appliances are controlled by the Arduino which receives commands
from the server computer, which operates according to the commands received from the mobile application via the wireless network or the
internet. In our proposed system the home server is built upon a Wi-Fi technology which receives commands from the client and the
command is processed via Arduino, which allows a user to control and monitor any parameters related to the home by using any Java
capable cell phone or via the internet.

In this paper we present a survey for different types of home automation system. This proposed system has a vast scope and a limitless
application and if implemented to its full functionality can help minimize energy consumption.

Keywords: Smart Home, Home Automation, Android Smartphone, Arduino

INTRODUCTION

We propose a mobile and internet based home automation system that consists of a mobile phone with android capabilities, an internet based
application, and a home server. The home appliances are controlled by the Arduino which receives commands from the server computer,
which operates according to the commands received from the mobile application via the wireless network or the internet. In our proposed
system the home server is built upon a Wi-Fi technology which receives commands from the client and the command is processed via
Arduino, which allows a user to control and monitor any parameters related to the home by using any Java capable cell phone or via the
internet. This paper presents an innovative low cost design and implementation of automated ambience control using user mood or based on
weather conditions, interactive voice based response, appliance control, and, home security together with the design of android application
to enable the cell phone to send commands and receive alerts through the server.

In the present day, security systems play an important role in the protection of lives and investment. This is achieved by the incorporation of
various subsystems into the security system with a single control unit such as surveillance, intruder control, access control, fire detection,
etc. A smart home is one that is equipped with lighting, heating, and electronic devices that can be Today’s world is digitized. Starting from
our handheld devices to computers to smart appliances, our world is digitized. Thus a smart home would be the next step for a better future.
The system efficiently controls the lights and appliances, thus minimizing power consumption.

The system makes use of the internet to control the house appliances and the lights. Apart from merely switching off and switching on the
lights, the system can control it efficiently using ambient light sensors and can adjust the lights setting of the home. It enables the user to
control various aspects of their appliances from a remote location through a hand held device. It hence makes a versatile system which
expands the mobility of the user. The system emphasizes on controlling lights based on human mood, weather or lighting conditions which
gives the user a diverse range of controlling options. Controlled remotely by smartphone or via the internet.
Today’s homes require sophistication control in its different gadgets which are basically electronic appliances. This has revolutionized the
area of home automation with respect to an increased level of affordability and simplicity through the integration of home appliances with
smart phone and tablet connectivity. Smart phones are already feature-perfect and can be made to communicate to any other devices in an ad
hoc network with a connectivity options like Bluetooth. With the advent of mobile phones, Mobile applications development has seen a
major outbreak. Utilizing the opportunity of automating tasks for a smart home, mobile phone commonly found in normal household can be
joined in a temporary network inside a home with the electronic equipment. Android, by Google Inc. provides the platform for the
development of the mobile applications for the Android devices. Home automation system is a mobile application developed using Android
targeting its vast market which will be beneficial for the masses.

Automation of the surrounding environment of a modern human being allows increasing his work efficiency and comfort. There has been a
significant development in the area of an individual’s routine tasks and those can be automated. In the present times, we can find most of the
people clinging to their mobile phones and smart devices throughout the day. Hence with the help of his companion – a mobile phone, some
daily household tasks can be accomplished by personifying the use of the mobile phone. Analyzing the current smart phone market, novice
mobile users are opting for Android based phones. It has become a second name for a mobile phone in layman terms. Home Automation
System (HAS) has been designed for mobile phones having Android platform to automate an 8 bit Bluetooth interfaced microcontroller
which controls a number of home appliances like lights, fans, bulbs and many more using on/off relay. This project presents the automated
approach of controlling the devices in a household that could ease the tasks of using the traditional method of the switch. The most famous
and efficient technology for short range wireless communication- Bluetooth is used here to automate the system. The HAS system for
Android users is a step towards the ease of the tasks by controlling one to twenty four different appliances in any home environment.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Now a day’s many more digital appliances are populated in our homes, it is necessary that all of them have to be networked in such fashion
that they can be monitored and controlled from anywhere, at any time, by an authenticated person, this is called Smart Home Automation
System (SHAS). Dhawan S. Thakur and Aditi Sharma, This paper proposes a Voice control and Zigbee based Home Automation System, in
this system user has to give a voice command to control the in-home appliances. Here Zigbee is used to communicate between base station
and remote station. Both base station and remote station are placed in such a range that the Zigbee communication is possible.

This system cannot be used outside the range of Zigbee communication. Akanksha Singh, Arijit Pal, Bijay Rai, This paper proposes a GSM
based Home Automation System where user can control the in-home appliances by sending the SMS to an HAS placed in home
environment. In this system user sends the message to the GSM modem which is interfaced with the microcontroller. Microcontroller in-turn
turns on the required devices through the switching module. A GSM and ZigBee based communication and control for home appliances has
been presented by many of researchers the drawback of these systems is that in ZigBee, range plays important role and in GSM, at remote
places there should be proper coverage of GSM mobile signal. The above mentioned systems have made momentous endowment to the
design and development of home automation systems. Rajeev Piyare, This paper proposes an Arduino based Home Automation System, in
this system various sensors are used to sense the data and this data is updated on a webpage through the Arduino processor and even user
can control the device through internet. Drawback of this system is Arduino does not have Ethernet shield and compatibility of operating
system for programming. To overcome this entire drawback we have used a Raspberry Pi as a core processing unit so as to satisfy the need
of IoT.

Home automation is a challenging one not only to the developer but also to the consumer. Developer has to choose the component as per the
customer requirement. Due to all the customer demands are not equal hence they have to compromise with the existing products. Through
detailed study of “Home Automation Using Internet of Thing” proposed by Shopan Dey, Ayon Roy and Sandip Das, it is found that they
have used Raspberry pi module to connect ESP8266-01 module to the internet. Through this module they are controlling various devices
through web page and also through android application. Venkatesan and Dr. U. Ramachandraiah in their paper have implemented Zigbee
module in Arduino mega through which they are controlling devices. They have used various sensors for various purpose. Also they have
provided real time notification, feedback on web-server in which customers can see what is happening in their home. With the help of logic
gates, a Raspberry pi, 555 timer and flip-flop also the devices are controlled from web app. Paper proposed by Shashank Shiva Kumar Jha,
Vishwateja Mudiam Reddy, Tapan Pokharna, Naresh Vinay shows how this is operated and controlled.

“Programmable Infrared Accessory Light Switch” by Warsuzarina Mat Jubadi and Normaziah Zulkifli shows how TV remote is used to
control room light and other appliances. Here IR remote and one IR receiver is used and programmed in such a way that it stores the
frequency of the existing remote and use them directly to control appliances. So, here we introduce Arduino Uno with ESP8266-01 module.
This is not only cost-effective but also prove to be the easiest one when it comes in term of programming and also implementation.
 Table- Comparison of Different communication module

From table 1, it is observed that Esp8266-01 works on 802.11 b/g/n protocol whereas Zigbee uses 802.14.5 protocol. Zigbee consumes least
power as 3mW whereas Wi-Fi and Bluetooth consumes nearly 100mW. But if we compare speed of Esp8266 has maximum speed up to
11mbps but Zigbee has only 250kbps. Clearly esp8266 defeat Zigbee and Bluetooth not only in cost but also in speed.

Homes of the 21st century will become more and more self- controlled and automated due to the comfort it provides, especially when
employed in a private home. A home automation system is a means that allow users to control electric appliances of varying kind. Many
existing, well-established home automation systems are based on wired communication. This does not pose a problem until the system is
planned well in advance and installed during the physical construction of the building. But for already existing buildings the implementation
cost goes very high.

The Internet of Things (IoT) sometimes referred to as the Internet of Objects, will change everything including ourselves. The Internet has
an impact on education, communication, business, science, government, and humanity. Clearly, the Internet is one of the most important and
powerful creations in all of human history and now with the concept of the internet of things, internet becomes more favorable to have a
smart life in every aspect. Internet of Things is a new technology of the Internet accessing. By the Internet of Things, objects recognize
themselves and obtain intelligence behavior by making or enabling related decisions thinks to the fact that they can communicate
information about themselves. These objects can access information that has been aggregated by other things, or they can add to other
services. with the internet of things, anything’s will able to communicate to the internet at any time from any place to provide any services
by any network to anyone. this concept will create a new types of applications can involve such as smart vehicle and the smart home, to
provide many services such as notifications, security, energy saving, automation, communication, computers and entertainment.

By developing the IoT technology, testing and deploying products it will be much close to implementing smart environments by 2020. In the
near future, storage and communication services will be highly pervasive and distributed: people, machines, smart objects, surrounding
space and platforms connected with wireless/wired sensors, M2M devices, RFID tags will create a highly decentralized resources
interconnected by a dynamic network of network. In the IoT, the communication language will be based on interoperable protocols,
operating in heterogeneous environments and platforms. IoT in this context is a generic term and all objects can play an active role to their
connection to the Internet bycreating smart environments, where the role of the Internet has changed.

Wi-Fi’s technology in home automation has been used primarily due to the networked nature of deployed electronics where electronic
devices such as TVs, mobile devices, etc are usually supported by Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi have started becoming part of the home IP network and due
the increasing rate of adoption of mobile computing devices like smart phones, tablets, etc. For example a networking to provide online
streaming services or network at homes, may provide a mean to control of the device functionality over the network. At the same time
mobile devices ensure that consumers have access to a portable ‘controller’ for the electronics connected to the network. Both types of
devices can be used as gateways for IoT applications. By the concept of the internet of things, homes and buildings may operate many
devices and objects smartly, of the most interesting application of IoT in smart homes and buildings are smart lighting, smart environmental
and media, air control and central heating, energy management and security. many more digital appliances are populated in our homes, it is
necessary that all of them have to be networked in such fashion that they can be monitored and controlled from anywhere, at any time, by an
authenticated person, this is called Smart Home Automation System (SHAS). Dhawan S. Thakur and Aditi Sharma, This paper proposes a
Voice control and Zigbee based Home Automation System, in this system user has to give a voice command to control the in-home
appliances. Here Zigbee is used to communicate between base station and remote station. Both base station and remote station are placed in
such a range that the Zigbee communication is possible. This system cannot be used outside the range of Zigbeecommunication. Akanksha
Singh, Arijit Pal, Bijay Rai, This paper proposes a GSM based Home Automation System where user can control the in-home appliances by
sending the SMS to an HAS placed in home environment. In this system user sends the message to the GSM modem which is interfaced
with the microcontroller. Microcontroller in-turn turns on the required devices through the switching module. A GSM and ZigBee based
communication and control for home appliances has been presented by many of researchers the drawback of these systems is that in ZigBee,
range plays important role and in GSM, at remote places there should be proper coverage of GSM mobile signal. The above mentioned
systems have made momentous endowment to the design and development of home automation systems. Rajeev Piyare, This paper proposes
an Arduino based Home Automation System, in this system various sensors are used to sense the data and this data is updated on a webpage
through the Arduino processor and even user can control the device through internet. Drawback of this system is Arduino does not have
Ethernet shield and compatibility of operating system for programming.

OBJECTIVES

The main objective of this project is to design and develop a prototype of a home automation controllable from an Android mobile
application. Application must be able to perceive and act and to have various types of operation in order to obtain the purpose for which this
technology was invented: maximizing user’s comfort offering an easy way to personalize home.

The steps that should be taken to achieve the expected result are the following:

1) Determine the scope of the application and delimit the points that each mode of operation must deal with.

2) Select the components and software.

3) Electronic design.

4) Program the board.

5) Program the mobile application.

6) Build the house model.

7) Place and weld the components in the model.

8) Test and debug the application.

In hardware terms the most important part is the local controller, an Arduino board, which will be the core of the application, the one that
will be communicated with the mobile application and where the sensors and actuators will be connected. The sensors needed to capture
desired environmental variables are temperature, lighting, movement and water level sensors and to control these variables a fan, some LED,
an acoustic warning and a water pump are required. Finally, to make effective the necessary communication between the board and the
mobile will be needed a Bluetooth device.

As for software, one of the advantages of using an Arduino board as a local controller is that it has its own development environment or IDE
(Integrated Development Environment) that provides facilities for software development. For the other programming part, will be necessary
another software to program the mobile application.
METHODOLOGY

Proposed model of Home automation system

Fig: Proposed model of Home automation system

The end user can use their mobile phone to log into the system. An initial check is performed for whether the hardware device is ON or not.
Only if the Hardware is authorized and ON then the user is Authenticated. Once the authentication is done successfully the user is able to
send the control signals to the Hardware machine. At the hardware machine the SL driver program will continuously track for the change in
the status & will accordingly send the signals to the Circuit. When a user select a change in the status for any of the device [ i. e .. ON or
Off], the data from the handheld is sent to the Web Server in a string format, where the Web – site is hosted. On the server the status is
stored in the database in their respective device field. At the Hardware end, the circuit drive program a web page is [retrieve.aspx] is used to
retrieve the status of the devices in a timely pattern [every 10sec]. These changes come in to form of cookies [ temporary internet files] from
the webserver & are stored on the computer in the name of the web site. Hence every 10 sec as the page refreshes the new cookie values are
updated. The cookie values are read from the program using the VB component GETINERNETCOOKIE after a fixed delay. As the
program receives any change in the Device values it send the control signal [binary data] accordingly to the required data pin of the parallel
port.

An “IOT based ICMS for Home Automation” is a low cost and flexible system which provides various services for remotely accessing and
operating on home appliances such as lights and fan on/off automatically as well as manually through android application on smart phones,
monitoring room temperature , LPG gas leakage, gate and door open/close .

The similar kind of project can be deployed for other real life applications hospitals and schools also. The components are connected to
embedded micro-web server, with IP connectivity either through LAN or Wi-Fi module for accessing, controlling and monitoring devices
and appliances remotely using Android based Smart phone application. This system receives commands from remote devices that are
manipulated by user. The system in turn dispatch commands to respective appliances that will perform the actions. This system also keeps
track of the status of the devices.

Through android application authorized user can access the system using Internet, by using router and hardware interface module. The
primary function of the router for the proposed architecture is to provide data translation services between the Internet through sending and
receiving requests and responses respectively. The main component is a web server based on Ethernet embedded with microcontroller. The
main task of the server is to get the request, process it and then provide response back to the user. Hardware interface modules are directly
connected with sensors and actuators through cables. It has the capabilities to control power management systems like lightings and security
systems such as home door locks, and gate. PIC microcontrollers (Programmable Interface Controllers) are electronic circuits that can be
programmedto carry out a vast range of tasks. They can be programmed to be timers or to control a production line and many more. They
are found in most electronic devices such as alarm systems, computer control systems, phones, in fact almost any electronic device.

Proposed Home Automation System Functions The proposed home automation system has the capabilities to control the following
components in users home and monitor the following alarms:

• Temperature and humidity

• Gas leakage detection

• Control appliances

• The proposed home automation system can control the following appliance:

• Lights on/off/dim

• Fan on/off
• On/off different appliance

• Leakage of gas

Hardware Description

This hardware implementation contains 4 different parts.

(i)A 16X2 LCD display for displaying status of the system and IP address of the local Wi-Fi network

(ii) Relay for switching the load automatically,

(iii) Arduino as decision maker and

(iv) esp8266 version 1 for connecting to local Wi-Fi.

(i) Arduino UNO

The UNO proves to be Arduino’s flagship board for beginner and also for advanced users. The system needs a micro-controller to process
data and connects different modules for control. This purpose was solved by Arduino Uno which has ATMEGA328p processor. It has 6
analog input pins and 14 digital input/output pins[13]. It can operate with either 5V from USB plug or 12V from external power supply. In
Arduino Uno pin 1 and 0 are used as default transmission and receiving pin (Figure).

Arduino UNO 4-Channel Relay

(ii) 4-Channel

Relay 4-Channel relay is connected to the Arduino Uno and its output is connected to the home appliances in a sequence as (i) fan (ii) light
(iii) room-heater and (iv) TV set. Relay takes low current and voltage and triggers the switch which is connected to a high voltage. 4 input
pins of relay are connected to Arduino which takes5V supply from it and can trigger up to 10A, 250V supply (Figure).

(iii)ESP8266-01

The ESP8266-01 is a highly compact board, used as a peripheral for any board through serial (RX/TX) and also as a standalone board. The
board requires 3.3 V and can be programmed with any FTDI operating at 3.3 V. The pins include power (+3.3 V and GROUND), RX / TX,
CH_PD to enable the chip and 2 General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) [14].

(iv)WIFI

Wi-Fi(wireless fidelity) is a wireless communication technology which is used here to provide a hotspot through which ESP8266-01
module can connect. The router will assign a unique IP address to the module for establishing a connection between smart phone and
ESP8266-01.

(v)Gas Sensor

Gas sensor module detects various types of gas in an area. Here the change in value of resistance is used to calculate the gas concentration.
Gases like Methane, Propane, ibutane, Alcohol, Smoke, LPG and also hydrogen can be detected using this module. There are 2 output pins
(digital one and analog one).

(vi)Temperature Sensor

It can measure temperature as well as humidity present in a room. Its range is less than 20 meters. It has a negative temperature coefficient
(NTC) element and a humidity-sensitive element which is used to measure temperature between 0-50 degree Celsius.
Software Description

Software Design We have used three different Software for programming and controlling. IDE is an open-source software which is not only
used for writing programme but also for uploading code to Arduino. Android application for ESP8266-01 is available in the play
store(Android smart phone) provides a platform to control different loads. This will only work if it is connected to the IP address and the
port which is provided by the ESP8266-01 module as shown in Fig.5.User can customize the application like load name, number of loads,
its ON duration etc. For controlling ESP8266-01 through web browser or computer for real time notification ESPlorer is used.

Implementation

Initially through Arduino programming, the system checks the modules as well as their connections. If any kind of error is detected by the
system then it will indicate the ERROR status. If no error is found then the system will indicate the status OK and proceed for establishing
the connection with the local Wi-Fi. Here the system will again check whether the ESP826601 module is connected to the internet. If there
is no connection then the system will indicate the ERROR status or else the display will show status SYSTEM ONLINE and show the IP
address. The system will wait for the signal and switch the load accordingly after receiving the command and update the display.

A low cost and efficient smart home system is presented in our design. This system has two main modules: the hardware interface module
and the software communication module. At the heart of this system is the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller which is also capable of
functioning as a micro web server and the interface for all the hardware modules. All communication and controls in this system pass
through the microcontroller. the smart home system offers feature such as environmental monitoring using the temperature, humidity, gas
and smoke sensors. It also offers switching functionalities to control lighting, fans/air conditioners, and other home appliances connected to
the relay system. Another feature of this system is the intrusion detection which it offers using the motion sensor and all these can be
controlled from the Android smart phone app or web application.

Working

The basic block diagram of the smart home system is shown in figure. A micro-controller is used to obtain values of physical conditions
through sensors connected to it. These integrated sensors such as the temperature sensor read temperature values, the gas sensor detects
smoke and cooking gas to avoid fire outbreak. The automatic switching on and off of the light is controlled by the Light Dependent Resistor
(LDR) which determines the day light intensity. Also to incorporate security in our design, a motion detector is integrated using Passive
Infrared Sensor (PIR) to detect movement in the home when the security system is turned on.

A relay switch is used to send control signals from the micro-controller to the electronic device used to achieve the switching on and off
action. A web portal is designed with a one-factor authentication system (username and password) to check authenticity of the home user. It
acts as an input device to control the home appliances and also acts as an output device to read the values of the physical conditions.

Block Diagram of the Smart Home System

A low cost and efficient smart home system is presented in our design. This system has two main modules: the hardware interface module
and the software communication module. At the heart of this system is the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller which is also capable of
functioning as a micro web server and the interface for all the hardware modules. All communication and controls in this system pass
through the microcontroller. As we can see in figure 2, the smart home system offers feature such as environmental monitoring using the
temperature, humidity, gas and smoke sensors. It also offers switching functionalities to control lighting, fans/air conditioners, and other
home appliances connected to the relay system. Another feature of this system is the intrusion detection which it offers using the motion
sensor and all these can be controlled from the Android smart phone app or web application.

Arduino can sense the surroundings by receiving input signal from a variety of sensors and can affect its environment via actuators. An
analog temperature sensor is a chip that tells you what the ambient temperature is. The DHT11 is a basic, ultra low-cost digital temperature
and humidity sensor. It uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor to measure the surrounding air, and spits out a digital signal on
the data pin and is illustrated in figure 3. It is fairly simple to use, but requires careful timing to grab data

Advantages of Home automation systems:

In recent years, wireless systems like Wi-Fi have become more and more common in home networking. Also in home and building
automation systems, the use of wireless technologies gives several advantages that could not be achieved using a wired network only.

1) Reduced installation costs: First and foremost, installation costs are significantly reduced since no cabling is necessary. Wired solutions
require cabling, where material as well as the professional laying of cables (e.g. into walls) is expensive.

2) System scalability and easy extension: Deploying a wireless network is especially advantageous when, due to new or changed
requirements, extension of the network is necessary. In contrast to wired installations, in which cabling extension is tedious. This makes
wireless installations a seminal investment.

3) Aesthetical benefits: Apart from covering a larger area, this attribute helps to full aesthetical requirements as well. Examples include
representative buildings with all-glass architecture and historical buildings where design or conservatory reasons do not allow laying of
cables.

4) Integration of mobile devices: With wireless networks, associating mobile devices such as PDAs and

with the automation system becomes possible everywhere and at any time, as a device's exact physical location is no longer crucial for a
connection (as long as the device is in reach of the network).

EXPECTED OUTCOMES

 To construct a wireless home automation system controlled by a smart phone specially an android device.

 Try to find a way to amplify the bluetooth and wi-fi module signal to work in greater distance.

 Test each and every component before using them especially the relays for safety purpose.

 To construct a home automation system which is economical, user friendly, and environmental friendly.

After the successful connection to the server, the data of sensor are sent to the web server for monitoring of the system. The
figure 4 shows the web server page which will allow us to monitor and control the system. By entering the assigned IP address in
the web browser this web server page will appear. The web server gives the information about the temperature in different places
of the house and motion state in the house. It also gives the status of the various.

All the required data is stored in the cloud (Gmail). The stored data can be analyzed at anytime and anywhere. The figure 5
shows the temperature in degree Celsius stored at different time intervals. And also it shows the state of the motion detector
along with the time. It also provides information about time of motion detected and how many times as well. All this
information is stored in the cloud which can be checked by the user any time when away from home.
 FUTURE SCOPE

Future scope for the home automation systems involves making homes even smarter. Homes can be interfaced with sensors including
motion sensors, light sensors and temperature sensors and provide automated toggling of devices based on conditions. More energy can be
conserved by ensuring occupation of the house before turning on devices and checking brightness and turning off lights if not necessary.
The system can be integrated closely with home security solutions to allow greater control and safety for home owners. The next step would
be to extend this system to automate a large scale environment, such as offices and factories. Home Automation offers a global standard for
interoperable products. Standardization enables smart homes that can control appliances, lighting, environment, energy management and
security as well as the expandability to connect with other networks.

Using this system as framework, the system can be expanded to include various other options which could include home security feature
like capturing the photo of a person moving around the house and storing it onto the cloud. This will reduce the data storage than using the
CCTV camera which will record all the time and stores it. The system can be expanded for energy monitoring, or weather stations. This kind
of a system with respective changes can be implemented in the hospitals for disable people or in industries where human invasion is
impossible or dangerous, and it can also be implemented for environmental monitoring.

CONCLUSIONS

In this paper, a novel architecture for low cost and flexible home control and monitoring system using Android based Smart phone is
proposed and implemented. The proposed architecture utilizes a micro web server and Bluetooth communication as an interoperable
application layer for communicating between the remote user and the home devices. Any Android based Smart phone with built in support
for Wi-Fi can be used to access and control the devices at home. When a Wi-Fi connection is not available, mobile cellular networks such as
3G or 4G can be used to access the system. The system also uses the Google speech recognition engine thus eliminating the need for an
external voice recognition module. Prospective future works include incorporating SMS and call alerts, and reducing thewiring changes for
installing the proposed system in pre-existing houses by creating a wireless network within the home environment for controlling and
monitoring the smart home environment.

The proposed approach design and implementation of an Ethernet-based Smart Home intelligent system for monitoring the electrical
energy consumption based upon the real time tracking of the devices at home an intel galileo 2nd generation development board, which can
be used in homes and societies. The proposed system works on real time monitoring and voice control, so that the electrical devices and
switches can be remotely controlled and monitored with or without an android based app. It uses various sensors to not only monitor the real
time device tracking but also maintaining the security of your house. It is monitored and controlled remotely from an android.

Here we have focused on different process of operating or controlling electrical and electronic appliances remotely with the help of
Arduino. This method of controlling such applications is referred to as automation. The experimental setup which we designed has its focal
point on controlling different home appliances providing 100% efficiency. Due to advancement in technology, Wi-Fi network is easily
available in all places like home, Office Building and Industrial Building so proposed wireless network easily controlled using any Wi-Fi
network. The wiring cost is reduced. Since less wiring is required for the switches. This also eliminates power consumption inside the
building when the loads were in off conditions. This system is also platform independent allowing any web browser in any platform to
connect ESP8266-01.

This proposed system has a vast scope and a limitless application and if implemented to its full functionality can help minimize energy
consumption. Also this project can be used to understand the effect of lights on human which in turn can help us build a smart home in near
future. The system can be modularized and multiple other components can be attached to the system which will help us achieve complex
functionalities. The system itself would be a smart artificial brain which would then help us in making an energy efficient world with low
costs. This system in a future perspective can be used to design an interactive home automation system wherein the system will respond to
human speech making it more realistic to interact with your home. It can extend a security feature which can use openCV to detect hand
motions, which in emergency may be used to turn on a remote alarm. Also the system can be made to adapt to environmental changes and
take necessary decisions based on the external conditions. Also, with the use of artificial intelligence we can make the system learn the
changes that needs to be adapted in a particular situation. Thus, making the system completely reliable and managing a hi-tech home with
least efforts.

For low cost and flexible home control and monitoring system using Android based Smart phone is proposed and implemented. The
proposed architecture utilizes a micro web server and Bluetooth communication as an interoperable application layer for communicating
between the remote user and the home devices. Any Android based Smart phone with built in support for Wi-Fi can be used to access and
control the devices at home. When a Wi-Fi connection is not available, mobile cellular networks such as 3G or 4G can be used to access the
system. The system also uses the Google speech recognition engine thus eliminating the need for an external voice recognition module.
Prospective future works include incorporating SMS and call alerts, and reducing the wiring changes for installing the proposed system in
pre-existing houses by creating a wireless network within the home environment for controlling and monitoring the smart home
environment.

REFERENCES

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