Salturusumu

Jerusalem Arabic Lexicon
Author(s): Moshe Piamenta

Source: Arabica, T. 26, Fasc. 3 (Sep., 1979), pp. 229-266
Published by: Brill
Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/4056631
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JERUSALEM ARABIC LEXICON
BY
MOSHE PIAMENTA
INTRODUCTION
JERUSALEM ARABIC as distinct from the non-specific and of a wider

range 'Arabic spoken in Jerusalem' falls under the gami, or Syrian
dialectal area. In compiling his comprehensive Arabic-French dic-
tionary, Barthelemy, who had held the office of French Consul in
Aleppo, which was under Ottoman rule, had based it primarily on
the Arabic of Aleppo, which included a large bulk of Turkish elements
due to a conglomeration of cultural, administrative, and geographic
factors. The last two of the five fascicles of his dictionary (pp. 599-919)
were posthumously edited by Henri Fleisch, who under 'addenda et
corrigenda' (ibid., p. 921-22) attested that the following sources had3
been adduced passim by the author, specifically for Jerusalem urban
(abbr. J) and rural (abbr. J-Campagne) Arabic, in square brackets:
Ba., Pal.3, Driv., Litt., Lohr, and S.H. (v. Denizeau's list, pp. XI-XIII).
Following the publication of the first fascicle by the author, F.-E.B.
in his review of Barthelemy in Me'langes, Universite' St. Joseph.
Beyrouth, 19 (1935), pp. 175-76 stated: 'Quant au vocabulaire lui-
meme, il est fourni surtout par la Syrie (Syrie moyenne et Syrie
du Nord) que l'auteur paralt connaitre mieux que le Liban'. Prior
to the publication of Denizeau's dictionary supplementing and up-
dating Barthelemy's in 1960, Mahmud Ali Ghul in his review of the 5th.
fascicle of Barthelemy's (ed. H. Fleisch) in BSOAS 19 (1957), p. 630,
stated: 'the vocabulary is far from adequate in the case of the dialect
of Jerusalem' [of which he is native], without denigrating the fact
that it is the largest and by far the best dictionary for the whole
Syrian dialectal area.
Inasmuch as Barthelemy uses a very elaborate transcription describ-
ing the phonetic system of the Arabic of Aleppo, inapplicable to items
for J and J-Campagne, one may find fault in his dictionary con-
sidering it less reliable for Jerusalem Arabic. Actually, his phonetic
system represents the phonemic system of Jerusalem Arabic, described
Arabica, Tome XXVI, Fascicule 3
230 M. PIAMENTA [2]
phonetically in Ba
on J and including
Whereas prior to national independence one's affiliation including
one's dialect in the Middle East was related to an urban center such
as Jerusalem, Beirut, Aleppo, Bagdad, etc. - masr and is-sam
referring to semantic 'halos', to the countries of 'Egypt' and 'Syria'
respectively, rather than to the capital cities 'Cairo' and 'Damascus'
proper - the large bulk being the 'culturally denigrated' fallUhTn and
Bedouins, the emergence of political entities, whether independent
or mandatory, changed one's affiliation to one's nationality or country
of domicile. This explains Denizeau's title being a modern version
of Barth6lemy's title of dictionary.
Jerusalem, a universally historical center of monotheistic religions
and world civilizations, of perpetually political unrest and turmoil,
has been as far as its 'indigenous' colloquial Arabic is concerned,
under the impact of various foreign substrata and strata of lexical
elements, of Hebrew, Aramaic, Syriac, Persian, Latin, Greek, Spanish,
Venetian (Italian), Turkish, French, and English. Peoples of various
religious affiliations have during the ages migrated to the holy city,
intermingled with, and wholly or partially been assimilated with its
inhabitants linguistically, indirectly influencing its perpetually mutable
colloquial Arabic, whose lexicon is far from being monolithic. On
the other hand, 'Jerusalem Arabic' speakers have from time to time
emigrated from the city whether individually or in groups under the
impact of security, economic, or other factors, transfering their
spoken language.
During thirty years of British mandatory regime in Palestine
(1918-1948), a hoard of Turkish lexical items had been gradually
replaced by Arabic ones, and few English items found their way to
the local dialect. Since then and under the impact of accelerated
acculturation and westernization, propagation of education, higher
standards of living, communication, science, and technology, and wit
the aid of mass media, oral literary Arabic has, with a blending with
the local Jerusalem dialect, transformed Jerusalem Arabic, inter alia
replacing gradually many foreign lexical items, into 'Standard Jeru-
salem Arabic' thus allowing space for a category of 'Sub-standard
Jerusalem Arabic' spoken generally by Jews, by non-indigenous
inhabitants of the city, and by illiterate Arabs, who have not been
under the impact of oral literary Arabic due to the lack of formal
[3] JERUSALEM ARABIC 231
education in literary Arabic, the 'Standard' form being the '6lite'

form and the most modern.
In the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, Jerusalem had undergone heavy
fighting, bloodshed and hardships, following which the city was
militarily, and later politically divided between Israel and Jordan.
The latter took hold of the old city, and the historical Jewish quarter
was devastated. The majority of the city's population, the Jewish
inhabitants were severed from the old city and east Jerusalem, while
many Arab families of long Jerusalem descent escaped during the
fighting to the neighbouring Arab countries, and a few left for Europe
and the U.S.A. These were replaced in a short time by Hebronite
Arabs of low income, who lived among the ruins of the Jewish quarter
and elsewhere. With their renowned diligence and money saving, and
due to family cooperation they presently (1979) lead the economy
of the Arab sector of the united city.
Before the 1948 war had come to an end, large diasporas of Jews
immigrated to Israel from various Arab and Muslim countries, mainly
North Africa, Yemen, and Iraq, many of whom populated west
Jerusalem and its rural precincts. 'Arabic spoken in Jerusalem' turned
into a non-specific sub-standard variety of distinct Judeo-Arabic
dialects from East, South, and West, spoken beside the specific
indigenous 'Jerusalem Arabic', which has meanwhile been adapted
by the Hebronite 'newcomers' to the Arab sector of the city.
Queerly, no Jordanian lexical item has left its trace in 'Jerusalem
Arabic' in spite of nineteen years of Jordanian rule over the city.
Even the Jordanian shibboleth, the allophone [g] of the phoneme /q/
that had replaced the local allophone ['] in some idiolects has soon
disappeared following 1967.
In 1967 Jerusalem was totally liberated (Israel-wise), and became
united as the capital of the State. The Jewish quarter of the old city
was restored and rebuilt. The total population of the greater city
counts 370,000 persons, of whom 105,000 are Arabs up to date.
The sub-standard Judeo-Arabic including a hoard of Hebrew
religious and cultural items, and spoken during the ages until 1948
by the older generations of Jews who had returned from the diaspora
in waves since the middle ages was generally replaced within thirty
years, following an interim of a bilingual state, by Hebrew, the official
language of Israel, and the mother-tongue of the following generation,
a language now fluently spoken also by many Arab inhabitants of
the city.
232 M. PIAMENTA [4]
During the mandato

followed under Israeli rule by the Ministry of Education, had included
and still includes classical and written Arabic language and literature
(as a second language, not yet compulsory) for the secondary level,
and Jerusalem Arabic in Hebrew transliteration for the elementary
and intermediary levels in general, thus encouraging the learning of
Arabic, both written and colloquial, with rudiments of Arabic literature
and Islam, as a preliminary to higher education in the departments of
Arabic language and literature in the various academic institutions
in Israel.
Following the synopsis on 'Jerusalem Arabic', we shall now turn

to our modest lexicon supplementing the dictionaries of Barthelemy
and Denizeau, based on later published texts including the first part
of Elihby's dictionary (v. infra) which I have utilized for Jerusalem
Arabic, inverting the order of items, as well as on my own unpublished
material recorded during the years, part of which I had made accessible
for Mr. Elihay when preparing his updated dictionary. In preparing
my lexicon I have meticulously combed both Arabic-French dic-
tionaries, checking against them every new item of mine, and purposely
discarding oral literary Arabic items which in due time have become
part and parcel of 'Standard Jerusalem Arabic'. I have also appended
to the lexicon a listing of works on or including Jerusalem Arabic
up to date.
* *
'abb, pl. 'abbayat, a father ) (ad B. s.v.).

'ibre, pI. 'ibar and 'ubar, < syringe )>, phonograph needle )), ( magnetic
needle ) (ad ibid. s.v. 'abre).
'abu diem, #parotitis>> (E. 154b). 'abu sa'd, un. n., and coll. n.,
# stork ) (ibid. 165a; ad B. s.v. 'abu).
'abukado, < avocado > (E. 30a) < Sp. avocado.
'atr- (in construct), ( trace (on utensil) # in 'il-ku bbiy 'atra hallb,
( the cup has a trace of milk ) (ad B. s.v. 'atar). 'atiri, and 'atari +
pr. suffix (ad ibid. s.v. 'ateri).
'otomatik, ( automatic)> (E. 33b) < Fr. automatique. 'utumatTki, s.m.
_ Same meaning.
I 'aga, yqi, or y1g', in

a(to beget )>, in 'agd
(ad B. s.v.). intr. v.,
(or courage) to)> (v.
'ihm, cleaning one's
presence (a man to a strange woman passing by, or when one
is behind the door of a bathroom, or a w.c.), which action is
expressed by II tnahnah, yitnahnah (v.D. s.v. II tnahnah).
I 'ahad, ydhod or yohod, tr. v., ((to take >. 'ahad 'ahde, <(to wipe dry
the floor incessantly)>. 'ahad s'ams, ((to expose oneself to the
sun )>, cf. 'ahdet 'ala wucco Ms'ams (B. s.v.). 'ahadto bi-l-lsdn-il-hilu,
or ahadto bi-l-imnih, <(I flattered him)>, aI gained him over)>,
cf. 'ahadto ballsen (ibid.).
VIII 'ittdhad, yittdhad in 'ittdihad-ilsaino, ((he was struck dumb )>.
'ittdhad nafaso, ((he was breathless)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
'aher, in sikkin 'ala dher darage, <(a first class knife * (ad ibid. s.v.).
mista'her, <(late )>. gtt mista'her, ( I was late )>.
'admane, ((being humane)> (v. ibid. s.v. 'adam7iye).
medane, pl. ma'dden, ((minaret)> (v. ibid. s.v. mddne).
'ard, in fi 'ard-il-gum'a, ((weekdays between two Sabbaths)> (E. 157a;
ad B. s.v.).
'ardiyye, ((background)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
'orobba, ((Europe>>. 'orobbi, ((European)> (v. ibid. s.v. 'arobba and
'arobbali).
'izin, ((permission )>, ((leave )>. 'iznak ma'ak, ((you are free )>, lit. your
leave is yours (ad ibid. s.v. 'az0n).
ma'zun, adj., (<on leave)>, n., ((official authorized by the cadi to
perform (civil) marriages)> (ad. ibid. s.v.).
'asdsan, adv., ((basically >, <(fundementally> (ad. ibid. s.v. 'asds).
'issa, adv., ((now.)> pace Fleisch: Galilee, not Jerusalem (ad ibid.
s.v. 'assa).
'askara, adv., ((openly )>, ((publicly >. 'askara habar, ((plainly speaking)>
(ad ibid. s.v.).
'asli, ( original)>, ((real>> in harir 'asli, ((real silk, not synthetic)> (ad.
ibid. s.v.).
'uff! interj. expressing displeasure (ad ibid. s.v.).
II t'af'af, yit'af'af, ((to grumble)>, ((to mutter in complaint about
something)> < 'uff (v. supra), cf. CA V ta'affafa.
'afandi, pl. -yye, (( aristocrat)> (used also ironically) (ad. ibid. s.v.).
I 'akal, ydkol or yokol, tr. v., fig., 'akal hawa, (( to be silenced with
234 M. PIAMENTA [6]
arguments *, ( to
il-hawa, <(don't k
unbearable action > (ad ibid. s.v. I 'akal).
VIII ittdkal, yittdkal, ((to be eaten up>*, ( to be rubbed*, to be cor-
roded)> (ad. ibid. s.v. VIII 'ttdkal [ !]).
'albom, pl. -dt, ( album)> (E. 45a) < Fr. album.
'alf, intensive pl., 'alafdt, 'ulufdt, ((thousand)> (ad. B. s.v.).
'illa, in milla (< md + 'illa, ((nothing but )), interj., ((what a ... ! )>.
milla hmdr! ((what a fool! lit. what an ass! < (you're) nothing
but an ass! (ad. ibid. s.v. 'alla).
'imm, pl. 'immaydt, ((mother)> (ad. ibid. s.v. 'amm).
'intay, 'intdye, ((female)> (ad. ibid. s.v. 'ante, alongside 'antdye).
'anten, pl. -dt, ( aerial )>, ((antenna > (E. 51b) < Fr. antenne.
'awaz, pl. -dt, ( object of derision)> (v. B. s.v. 'ewdz).
'ayy! interj. expressing physical pain.
'id, pI. 'iden, ((hand)>, '1do mdske, ((stingy)>, ((his hand holds)> (ad
ibid. s.v.).
II 'ayyar, yi'ayyer, intr. v., ((to have an erection >. With an indefinite
subject, m'ayyre ma'o, ((he is having an erection >. fig., ((he has
lost his temper >. Subject implied - ((nerves >.
'e-s? interr., ((what? >. mitil 'es, adv. of manner, ((well >, lit. like you
know, in la-hatta tkuin-it-tabha mistwiyye mitl 'es, ((until the
food is well cooked (like ... you know) > (ad. ibid. s.v.).
'aywa, a word functioning as a comma in conversation. It expresses
occasional pause (ad D. s.v.).
bawabig"i, ((slipper-maker )>. pace D. bawadbig4i (s.v.) ( !).

bdr, pI. -dt, ((bar)> (E. 79b).
ba(b)bor, pl. bawabir, ( burner )>, <primus ) (ad B. s.v.).
'il-bahra, ((the Dead Sea)> (v. ibid. s.v. bhera).
buda' (pl.), ( chic )>, ( excellent )>.
beddl, (xpedal> (E. 105a) < Fr. pedale.
barbusv, p1. barabi,,, ((good for nothing (person) #>.
barri, ((wild *, e land (pertaining to))> (v. ibid. s.v. barrewi).
barrat- (in construct), alongside barrdt-, ((out of)> (ad ibid. s.v. barra).
I bired, yubrod, intr. v., ( to catch cold)> (v. B. s.v. I barad).
barize, ((ten piaster (ten agorah) coin > < Eg. Arabic bireza.
buirsa, stock exchange )> (E. 67b) < Turk. borsa <Fr. bourse.
'il-ibrd < CA 'al-burdq, 10 - < Alborak, name of the creature on

which Muhammad made his ascension to the seven heavens at
20 - The Wailing Wall (the Western Wall of the Temple) in
Jerusalem )>.
brek or brekk, pl. -dt (ibid. 75b), or breks (Eng. pl. form), pl. -dt,
?brake )>, a brake gear )>.
I baram, yubrom, intr. v., # to chatter)> (ad B. s.v.).
baranda, pl. -dt, # verandah >, (xbalcony)> (E. 137a) < Ind., and older
Sp. varanda.
barhuim, dim. form of ['i]brahlm, ( Abraham)> (ad B. s.v.).
bazawang, pl. -iyye, <(vulgar person ), ( procurer)> (ad D. s.v. bezawenk)
< Pers. pazavand.
I basbas, yibasbes, tr. v., ((to knead)>. basbas-il-'agtne ma'a-l-'addm
<(he kneaded the dough with oil >.
basvsti, pl. basagte, in Jewish circles in the old city of Jerusalem during
the Palestine mandatory regime: <(trouble maker >, ((thief)>,
<(swindler#>. This is actually the name of a large local Muslim
family residing in the precincts of the Jewish quarter, whose
young members would cause trouble to their Jewish neighbours
(v. Kosover, s.v., p. 151, no. 68).
bagkir, pl. basakir, ((towel)> (ad D. s.v.).
II bassat, yibasset, tr. v., ((to simplify)> (ad B. s.v.).
basale, ((onion >. biswds 'isret basale, ((he (or it) is not worth a nickel )>,
lit. - an onion's skin (ad ibid. s.v. basal).
I basam, yubsom, intr. v., ((to study diligently)> (ad D. s.v.).
bass7m, pl. -e, (? diligent student >.
II battah, yibatteh, intr. v., ((to do)>, an indefinite action of someone
arousing one's curiousity and interrogation: s'u 'am bitbatteh?
((what are you doing? >; a dummy verb in the second member
of a coordinated negative structure, e.g., Id bigtgel wa-la bibatteh,
((he does not work)>. ma suft wa-la battahet, (JI haven't seen)>
(ad B. s.v.).
batt7h, coll. n., ?(watermelons >. A dummy word in the second member
of a coordinated negative structure: Id kutob wa-la bat.th, (<no
books no nothing)). (derisively) bala muftd4 bala battih, <(forget
about the key ! >, lit. no key no watermelons (ad ibid. s.v.).
I batt, yibutt, tr. v., ( to overfeed >, < to fill one's stomach)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
battariyye, pl. -dt, ((battery (electricity) > (ad D. s.v.).
batal, pl. 'abtdl, ?(champion)> (E. 46b; ad ibid. s.v.).
buton. < beton >, (<concrete (masonry))> Fr. beton.
236 M. PIAMENTA [8]
mabtane, pl. mab@ten, in mabtanet-sed, pl. mab@ten-sed, # a large

fishing boat without mechanical power )).
VII nbazz, yinbazz, (to be pressed out )>. (curse) nbazzat 'enak! # may
your eye be pressed out ! )>;
bazz, inf., bazz 'yun <(exhausting one's eyes by work requiring visual
concentration )>, lit. pressing out of eyes (v. B. s.v. I bazz).
I ba'at, yib'at, intr. v., wara, <(to send someone in search of another
(ad ibid. s.v.).
I ba'ga', yiba'ge', tr. v., <(to waste)>, <(to squander> (v. D. s.v. bacza').
II bapja, yibaggi, tr. v., (vulgar) < to copulate )>.
boks, pl. -at, <( box (wooden))>, <(box (fist fighting, and a blow with
the hand and fist) >. la"-b boks, pl. la"Tbet boks, <(boxer (fighter))>
(E. 31b).
bulbol, pl. balabel, ((a male child's sexual organ )> (ad B. s.v.; v. ibid.
s.v. balbile).
buldozer, pl. -at, <(bulldozer )> (E. 106a).
ball7s, pl. -a, <(extortioner)> (v. B. s.v. I balas).
VII mbala', yinible' ma', in mus 'am tinible' ma'i, <(I cannot take it )>,
lit. it cannot be swallowed by me> (ad ibid. s.v.).
balkon, pl. -at and balakin, <(balcony)> < Fr. balcon (ad ibid. s.v.).
bulit, pl. -at, ((ticket)) (E. 216a; v. D. s.v. bilyet) < Fr. billet.
bahlawan, (<an acrobatic or gymnastic turn of the body in the air)>
(v. B. s.v. bahlawan).
bahlawang'i, pl. -yye, <(acrobat> (v. ibid.).
buri, pl. -yyat, ((loudspeaker of a phonograph)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
buiza, ((ice cream)) (ad ibid. s.v.).
bit 'adab, ((water closet)> (ad ibid. p. 934, 1. 10, also in Jerusalem).
bit dude, pl. byut dude, ((cocoon > (E. 94b).
bilidrdo, ((billiards)> (ibid. 71a) < It. biliardo.
bint, pl. banat, in bint-is'-sre', ((street girl )>. bint-il-hawa, ((love girl )>,
i.e. prostitute (ibid. 141a).
bandu', pl. banadi', in bandut' msaffa, ((cunning )>, ((mischievous >,
lit. a pure bastard (ad B. s.v. banduiq; v. D. s.v. mgarbal).
bannilra, un. n., pl. bananir, coll. bannur, ((glass or crystal marble
(boys' game))> (v. E. 93b).
'ibin, pI. bani- (in construct), (<son)>. bani 'ddmtn, ((men)>, ((human
beings >, <e mankind)> (ad B. s.v. bani 'adam, along-'abon); pl. wldd,
in wldd zawat, ( of good family )>, (( of rich family)> (ad ibid. s.v. zat).
bJblin, ((poplin (cloth) )>.
abu beddt, < rich man)>, lit. a man (possessor) of testicles (v. B. s.v.
bed, alongside bedo kbir/tqVl).
bayya' tazaker, pl. bayya'in tazaker, # ticket seller >, ((bus conductor >
(E. 216a).
bayen, part., 'ala, in bayen 'alek, ((you look ... > (ad B. s.v. I ban).
tag7ra, ironically, # something of little value)> (ad ibid. s.v.).

tahata (pl.) (sing. tahtani), # underwear> (v. ibid. s.v. teAteni).
traktor, pl. -at, <(tractor)> (E. 183a). bi?tgel 'a-t-traktor, # tractor driver #>.
turmoz, coil. n., <(lupines> (v. B. s.v. tdrmos).
tranzistor, pl. -dt, <(transistor)> (E. 182b).
test, pl. -at, ( (car) test)> (ibid. 180a).
te'a (repeated), a cry for calling fowl (v. B. s.v. ta'on).
I takk, yitukk, intr. v., <(to fall down (hair))> (ad D. s.v.).
takane, pl. -at, <(head of a narghile (hookah), usually encompassed by
a brass or silver crown)> (ad B. s.v. takana; v. ibid. s.v. c'ambar 20).
tallade, pl. -at, ( ice box >, ((frigidaire >, <(refrigerator >.
talafizion, telefizion, tilfizion, pl. -at, <(television >, ((TV set > (E. 178b).
I talfan, yitalfen, intr. v., # to phone >. darab, yudrob talafon or telefon,
tr. v., s.m. (ibid. 179a).
talafon, telefon, pl. -at, ((telephone >, ((phone > (op. cit.).
tilmiz, talamiz, pl. # student)> (v. B. s.v. talmtz).
tumm, timm, pl. tmdm, ((mouth>. min tummak la-bab-is-sama, #may
your wish come true! >, lit. from your mouth to the gate of
heaven; (vulgar) min tummak la- babo, <I have no regard to
what you say >, lit. from your mouth to its opening, i.e. my ars
tumm, pl. tmam, <(a certain quantity of water, renewable, applied
when washing or rinsing >. gasalto tummen, .# I washed it applying
water twice)> (v. ibid. s.v. zulm). (ad ibid. s.v. tdmm).
tammulz l1-klab, said to, or about someone wearing summer clothes
in winter. lit. July of dogs (ad B. s.v. tammulz).
tannfira, pl. tananir, ((skirt)>, ((petticoat)> (E. 167a).
twalet, #toilet >, ((toilet paper)> (ibid. 176a) < Fr. toilette.
tome, ((garlic)> (v. B. s.v. tulm).
ton, coll. n., . tunny >, ((tuna fish)> (E. 177a) < Fr. thon.
titi, titi, a dummy word optionally rhyming with mitil-ma ruhti mitil-ma
47ti, lit. you have come back the way you have gone - said to
238 M. PIAMENTA [10]
someone who has been turned down, or to someone repeating

himself and boring (ad D. s.v.).
tayase, taysane, ((stupidity*>, ((stupid conduct? (v. ibid. s.v. tesane).
I gahh, yiguhh, intr. v., ((to show off)>, <(to be luxurious #, ((to proud
oneself on)> (v. ibid. s.v. cahh).
gahha, ( ostentation )>, ( luxury >, <(sumptuousness)> (v. ibid. s.v. 6ahha).
#ah44h, pl. -a, ( ostentatious )>.
II tgad'an, yit#ad'an, ironically, <(to act bravely)>, inf., gad'ane,
((bravado)> (v. ibid. s.v. a4da').
mi#ddf, pl. ma4ad7f, < oar)> (v. D. II gaddaf).
mgarba', <(experienced )>, a diligent ) (v. B. s.v. mcarbaq).
magru21h, pl. mag"arth, <(wounded > (ad B. s.v.).
garze, gerzdy, g4urzdy, pl. -dt, and garazi, < jersey >, <(pullover )).
magari, (pl.), ((sewerage)>, ( drainage )>, ( canalization)> (E. 71a; v. B.
S. V. Magri)
gerikan, pl. -dt, <(Jerry can)> (E. 98b).
gift, pl. gfiute, ( double barrelled gun)> (v. B. s.v. cft).
I ga'am, yug'om, tr. v., in ga'am tummo, <(to mock >, lit. he disfigured
his mouth. (v. ibid. s.v. I c'aqam).
VI dga'am, yidga'am, intr. v., ((to mock someone )>. dga'am 'ala,
<(to show impertinence or insolence)> (v. ibid. s.v. VI tcaqam).
VII nga'am, yini4'em, <(to be twisted (mouth))> (v. ibid. s.v. VII
ncaqam).
gi'em, <(arrogant*>, <(insolent#>, <(impertinent)>; <(intractable*>, <(obsti-
nate > (v. ibid. s.v. kdqem).
III gakar, yigaker, inf., g'akdra, <(to tease )>, ((to plague )>, ((to vex )>,
< to spite)> (v. ibid. s.v. ca-kar).
gaak1rafi ..., < inspite of someone)> (v. ibid. s.v. caakara).
galbuta, pl. galabit, <(tendon)> (v. ibid. s.v. galmitta).
II gallah, yigalleh, <(to whet*>, ((to grind#>, <(to sharpen >, <(to pass
over the grindstone)> (v. ibid. s.v. II callah).
galta, pl. -dt, ((clot >, a blood clot)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
an gamb, <(at random)>, <(no choosing)> (when buying in market).
4ilh, pl. agwdah, <cloth#>. fig., masah guh, <(to flatter#>, lit. to smooth
cloth. inf., maseh guah, <(flattery)> (v. ibid. s.v. cth).
I gab, yig?b, tr. v., <(to bring#>. (impatiently) inte rah-itg'?bha-l-barr
willa la'? <(get to the point ! >, <(don't go round and round ! >,
lit. are you going to bring it (i.e. the boat) to the shore, or not?
(ad ibid. s.v.).
4tp, p1. -dt, < jeep )>. sayydrit #p, pl. sayyardt 4tp, s.m.
hbdb (pl.) 'ala, ((God bless (someone)!)> (ad D. s.v.).

habs-il-bol, ( suppression of urine >, < ischuria)) (ad B. s.v.).
habas', <(turkey#>. dik habas, pl. dyuik habas, s.m. (v. B. s.v. habasi).
habel, pl. hbdl, in hbdl-iz-zal'uim, <(vocal chords * (ad ibid. s.v.).
hadd in min hadd ma, conj., a since #>. min hadd ma titla -is-sanms la-hadd
ma t01b, <(from sunrise until sunset > (ad ibid. s.v.).
hadid, ((iron ), fig., (zayy-il-) hadid, ((strong >, lit. (like) iron. 'a-l-hadide,
((pauper)>, <(have not#>, lit. on the piece of iron (ad ibid. s.v.).
hadse, pl. hawddes, ((accident)> (v. ibid. s.v. hddte).
hadis, pl. 'ahddis, <(talk)> (v. ibid. s.v. hadit).
I harr, yihurr, intr. v., ((to grunt (camel))> (E. 169b; ad B. s.v.).
hardbe, pl. hurob, <(not on speaking terms with someone >, <(at odds )>.
'inte hardbe ma'ha, or 'inte wiyyda huarob, <(you are not on
speaking terms with her )), <(you are at odds with her >.
huzzariyye, pl. -dt, ((riddle)> (v. B. s.v. hazzulra, huzzera).
II hassas, yihasses, tr. v., <(to search)> (ad B. s.v.).
hassdsiyye, pl. -dt, <(allergy )> (E. 47b).
I hasab, yihseb, tr. v., in hasabt-ihsdbi 'inno ..., < I considered that...)>
(E. 171b). 'ihseb-ihsdbna! <(take us into consideration!> (ibid.).
II hagsas, yiha?iess, intr. v., 'ala, (xto lose one's temper)> (ad B. s.v.).
hasbe almaniyye, <(rubella >, (<rubeola > (E. 32b; ad B. s.v. hasbe).
hasane, <(immunity)> (ibid. 165a).
ya hadret ! (deridingly) < 0, Mr! >.
I hatt, yi4utt, tr. v., reflexive: les hatta hdlek fi ha-l-bt? ((why are
you staying at home? >. biddis 'ahutt hdli fi ..., <(I don't want
to intervene )>, lit. I don't want to put myself in ... (ad B. s.v.).
4affe, pl. -dt, <x edge >. 'ala haffet 'abro, (<a very old man >, lit. on the
edge of his tomb (ad B. s.v.).
ha"dni, adj., <(just)>.
hu'ne, pl. hu'an, fig., (( nagger#> (v. ibid. s.v. h4qne).
haki, ((talk >. haki-l-bEl mahluzt (or madhiin) b-zibde, an expression
justifying infringement of obligation. Lit. night talk is mixed
with butter (or: butter is spread on night talk) - referring to a
conversation held while making love at night, which though
sweet, one ought not to rely on promises given while it is taking

place (ad ibid. s.v.).
I hall, yihill, intr. v., min, <(to finish (school day, working day))>
(v. B. s.v. 7).
ibMn haldl, (f. bint haldl), pl. wldd (f. bandt) 4alal, ((good fellow>-
said to someone appearing immediately after his (or her) name
is mentioned (ad B. s.v. halal).
halib(t)-is-samak, ((soft roe of male fish > (ad B. s.v. hal7b).
hles, in darab hlega, ((he's having an affair with her)>, lit. he hit her
sickle (ad ibid. s.v. hlese).
hal'uim, hal'uin, shortened form of rahet-il-hal'u7m/hal'utn, <(refreshment
for the throat, for the soft palate)> a Turkish delight made
of starch and sugar (v. ibid. s.v. raha; D. s.v. halqilm).
hamod, coll. n., (un. n., 4hmda) <(lemon )> (ad B. s.v.).
I hamal, yihmel, tr. v., (reproving) les 'inte hkmel-is-sullam bi-l-'ard ?,
<(take it easy, man ! >, lit. why are you carrying the ladder side-
wise?! (ad ibid. s.v.).
hamnuale, pl. -at, ( stretcher)> (E. 46b; ad B. s.v.).
hamawe, <(burning of the skin)> (ad B. s.v.).
II hanna, yihanni, tr. v., (resentfully) 4anni tyazak!, ((be delighted ! >,
<(feel gratified ! >, lit. colour your anus (pl.) with (red) henna!
(v. ibid. s.v. mhannifalso).
mahu'ar, milwar, pl. mahawer, ((axis >, pace B. s.v. ((circle ( !) )>.
helak!, ((stand up ! >. helak, 4hlak! ((cool it!> (ad ibid. s.v.).
hahdmi, pl. -yye, an abusive word for Jew < Hebr. haham, <(rabbi)>
(v. ibid. s.v. haham). On seeing an Ashkenazi orthodox Jew
clad in his kaftan, ((overcoat )>, and strayml, ((cap edged with
Arab children, under the mandatory regime in Palestine, would
cry in the streets of Jerusalem the following humiliating rhyme:
yahuldi hahdmi, bayy<'-is-sar(mi, ((Jew, rabbinical Jew! old-shoe
seller!)> (v. infra s.v. I heham).
hdne, pl. -at, <( square (on a book-keeping or printed page) > (ad ibid. s.v.).
hubez, pl. of paucity -at, ((bread >. hubez 'abyad, <(white bread )>.
hubez 'asmar, ((dark bread >. hubez taza, <(fresh bread )>, 'isret
hubez, <( crust > (v. ibid. s.v. habaz).
habbaze ('a-l-kahraba), <( (electric) toaster)> (E. 177b).
mhadde, pl. -at and mahad d, (pillow )>. wis-Umhadde, pl. wg'uh-imhaddat,
<(pillow case >, ( pillow cover)> (ad B. s.v.).
V tharrag, yitharra4, (
I hireb, yihrab, tr. v., ( to stop, to stall (motor, machine, car) >. hireb
ma'i-l-'utumbil, ((the car (which I was driving) stalled)> (ad ibid.
s.v.).
thurdo', inf., ( being perforated or pierced by a shell)> (ad D. s.v.

II thardaq).
harrdra, ((extra large)> (shoe, etc.).
hara'i, adj., <<shit ! >), ((bad)> (v. B. s.v. hara).
hasem, inf., ((discount )). ma'as bid un hasem, ((gross salary)> (E. 80a;
ad B. s.v.).
hattat, yihattet, inf. taht4t, in tahtit la-l-'alb, (( E.C.G. (electro-cardio-
gram) >. tahtit la-r-rds, ((E.E.G. (electro-encephalogram))> (E. 56a
and 29a; ad B. s.v.).
hataf, yuhtof, tr. v., ((to snatch >). hataf 'igro, ((he walked out >, lit.
grabbed his foot (ad B. s.v.).
II haffaf, yihaffef, tr. v., ( to taper and reduce (haircut))> (ad ibid. s.v.).
haflf, adj., ((light )>, fig., dammo haf-if, ((sympathetic )>, lit. his blood
is light. dammato 4faf, (pl.), s.m. 'a'lo hafTf, ((mentally unstable >,
lit. his mind is light. 'a'ldto hfaf, (pl.), s.m. nigmo hafTf, ((easily
frightened )>, lit. his star is light (ad ibid. s.v.).
II haffas, yihaffes, tr. v., ((to wreck (good luck))> (ad ibid. s.v.).
hallas, yihalles, tr. v., bihallisni, ((it is consistent with my interest
or wish >, eit is acceptable >, eit is favourable i>, (t is convenien
(ad ibid. s.v.).
halas, ((convenience )>, ((interest )). bti'raf haldsak, ((you know what
suits you)> - used also as a menacing expression: ((you will
be responsible for the consequences )>.
hdles adv., (not inflected), ((very >. hilwe hales, ((very beautiful)>
(ad ibid. s.v.).
II halla, yihalli, imp. (not inflected) halli, when preceding the inflected
imperfect verb ykun is concessive: ((even if it is )>, lit. let it be!
(ad ibid. s.v.).
hammas, yihammes, inf., tahmiTs. min per tahmisfi wussak, an expression
of reserve used to introduce the number 'five', or an odd multiple
of 'five' : ((I refrain from holding my hand open against your
face )>, i.e. I shall not ward off your eye, since I do not fear any
evil influence of it (ad ibid. s.v.).
hamse, pl. -at, ((brass or golden prophylactic decoration in the form
of a hand > (ad ibid. s.v.).
hunnci', an abusive word for ((food >, lit. choking. hunnd' ! ( may you
be choked!)> lit. Persian diphteria (v. ibid. s.v. hdnuiqa !).
mhanne', metaphor, <(dark red)), lit. choking, i.e. making the face
red with blood held back.
hal, ((mole >, ((birthmark on the face>> (ad ibid. s.v.).
bit hdlti, <(prison )>. bit haltak, s.m. (ad ibid. s.v. hale).
I heham, yi4hiem, intr. v., <(to move upper part of body back and
forth, or sideways, while praying in a standing or sitting position
(Jew) < Hebr. haham (v. supra, s.v. hahdmi).
hiyyer, f. hiyyre, ((generous #, <(beneficent )>, <(charitable >, (v. ibid. s.v.
hayyer).
hayrane, <(generosity #, ( beneticence >.
I dabb. yidibb, tr. v., <(to throw)>. dabb-is-si5t, <(to wail)>, <(to burst
with screams)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
dabha sadriyye, ((angina pectoris)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
II ddahdal, yiddahdal, <(to roll down)> (E. 93a; v. D. s.v. I dahdal).
madhale, pl. maddihel, <(street roller)> (v. ibid. s.v.).
madhal4i, pl. -yye, <(street roller driver )>.
daw&hel, (pl.), <(internal condition (psychology))>. bizem tihki-li 'an
kull dawahlak, (<you must tell me about all your internal condi-
tions )> (v. ibid. s.v. dwehil [p1.]).
mdarrag, adj., <(graded )> (ad B. s.v.).
mudarra4, pl. -dt, ((amphitheater )), ((auditorium )>.
dardwe, <(xpractice)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
duss, <(shower bath >, <(douche)> < Fr. douche.
V ddassa, yiddasga, <(to belch)> (E. 89b; ibid. s.v. V ddas'sa').
da'se, pl. -dt, ((pedal), da'set-il-benzin, ((accelerator)> (E. 105a; ad
D. s.v.).
da"dse, pi. -dt, s.m.
dd'i, part., ((blessing >, in id-dJ'i, (( )>, lit. the person blessing you (ad
B. s.v.).
I dan?, yidupp, tr. v., ((to copulate)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
'abu dpem (v. supra, s.v. 'abu).
mdagjem, <(suffering from protitis> (E. 155a).
daffe, pl. -dt, <(leaf (of door, window))> (ad B. s.v.).
daffdy, daffdye, pl. -dt, <(heater >, <(stove )).
midfdy, pl. madifi, s.m.
I da", yidu", intr. v., 'ala, <(to play (instrument))> (ad ibid. s.v.).
da"a da"a, ( step by step? (ad ibid. s.v.).

II da"ar, yida"er, intr. v., <(to meet an obstacle (of door, etc.)))
(ad ibid. s.v.).
dukst,<( corpulent)>, ((buxom >.

damm, ( blood ). 'id-damm md bi'leb mayy, ( I am meticulous about
my blood relationship *, lit. blood does not turn into water.
dammo ma 'a'-' 'ala dammi, (xhe and I have no empathy for
each other >, lit. his blood did not come on mine (ad ibid. s.v.).
dahhin, pl. -e, ((wall painter)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
VII nddr, yindar, intr. v., in nddr fikro, ((he turned his mind? (v. ibid.
s.v. nddr 'aqlo).
dor, pl. dwdr, ((time (first, second, etc.) ), (<floor)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
dawar, ((loss of balance . gab-li-d-dawar, ((he (or it) brought my end )),
(xI wandred beyond #. suft-id-dawar bi-'yuini, < I lost my balance ,
lit. I saw the loss of balance with my own eyes (ad D. s.v.).
dawwdr, ((bend (of street) >).
maddr, in 'ala maddr-is-sane, ( all year round? (ad ibid. s.v.).
dawwdse, pl. -at, ((pedal)> (ibid. 105a).
rds, (xedge)), in 'ala rds-ilsani, <(it is on the edge of my tongue >, i.e.
I cannot recall the word (ibid. 231a).
ra'is, pl. ru'asa, ((boss? (ibid. 67b).
ra'y, pl. 'drd', ((opinion #. su ra'yak nitla' sawa ?, <(what do you think
about us going out together?)? (v. B. s.v. rdy).
riyye, pl. -dt, <(lung)>. nafaht riyti w-ana ('a)'ul-lo, (I was exhausted
by telling him), lit. I blew up my lung (i.e. lungs) telling him
(v. ibid. s.v. itye).
rnrdy, pl. mury, ((mirror ? (ad D. s.v.).
rabbih, pl. -a, ((one who earns well .
rabta, pl. -dt, (( necktie ? (v. D. s.v. rabtet raqbe).
rabbdta, pl. -dt, ((shoe string)> (ad B. s.v.).
marguha, murgeha, pl., marag'th, ((see-saw >, <(swing)) (ad ibid. p. 937,
1. 11).
reg4m, ( dieting )). biddi 'a'mel reg4m, ((I want to go on a diet)) (E. 106b).
marahid (pl. of mirhdd), <(public water closet? (ibid. 73b).
I raham, yirham, tr. v., ((to have mercy on>). yirham 'aba(!) (i.e.
'abdh, [f. 'abdha], CA accusative form ((his [or her] father), <(my
Goodness!?) - said when ridiculing a traditionally cultured
person wearing, usually with bad taste, modern European dress,

or resorting to European forms of etiquette, lit. may God have
mercy on his (or her) father who hasn't seen him (or her) in such
a condition. (ad B. s.v.).
I raha, yirhi, intr. v., ((to be loose)>. hIdi btirhi, ((this (woman) is
loose, easygoing)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
rddyo, redyo, pl. -(h)dt, ((radio >, un n. ( radio set ?.
I rass, yiruss, tr. v., fig., ((to copulate #. rasseto kalam, e(I used harsh
words with him)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
rsas, in 'alam-Irsas, pl. 'ldm-irsas, ((pencil > (ad ibid. s.v. rsas).
raffas, pl. -at, <(upholstery spring)> (in bed, armchair, etc.) (ad ibid.
s.v. ruffas).
I rafa', yirfa', tr. v., ((to raise >. rafa't rdsna, ( you have exalted us)>
lit. you have raised our head (E. 86a; ad D. s.v.).
II ra"a, yira"i, tr. v., ((to promote #, inf., tir'dy, ( promotion > (E. 126a.
ad D. s.v.).
I rikeb, yirkab, tr. v., <(to copulate? (ad B. s.v. rdkeb).
I rakad, yurkod, intr. v., <(to run *, pace B.: J(erusalem Arabic)
((to leap >, <(to jump)>(!) (ibid. s.v.). inf., rkad, rkad, ((running>>.
rakad rkad, <(he ran swiftly)). rkad!, <(run, quickly!)> (ad ibid.
I ragad).
I rah, yiriih, intr. v., 'ala, in (the subject is an indefinite pronoun)
rahat 'alek ((you missed your chance? (ad ibid. s.v.), inf., roha
in roha bala ra'a, ((may So-and-So go and never come back ! >,
i.e. die (ad ibid. s.v.).
rusetta, pl. -at, (imedical prescription > (ad ibid. s.v. recetta).
zatan, adv., <(essentially >, <(at all events? (ad ibid. s.v. zdti).
zbun, pl. zabayen, <(client >. zbuin-il-'awafi, <(nagging client >, unwel-
comed person >, lit. (euphemistically) a client who is good for
one's health (ad ibid. s.v.).
zahhafe, pl. -at, ((sledge >, <(ski)>.
II zahlal, yizahhel, intr. v., <(to make space for someone to sit on a
bench, and the like? (ad ibid. s.v.).
VII nza'al, yiniz'el, ma', <(to be on bad terms with someone ?. biddis
'aniz'el ma'a-l-giran, <(I don't wish to be on bad terms with the
neighbours?) (ad ibid. s.v.).
za'anef, (pl. of zi'infe), <(fins (of fish) >, <(flippers (of whale, seal, etc.) >.
I zagwal, yizagwel, tr. v., ((to dazzle ).

II dzagwal, yidzaywal, passive of I.
II zaffat, yizaffet, fig., ( to make worse)).
V dzaffat, yidzaffat, fig., ((to become worse )>.
zift, fig., abad )). 'azfat, adj., ((worse )>.
zifzif, coil. n., <(sieved sand of coarse grain, used for cement mixture)>
(Kosover, p. 262, no. 355. s.vj.
I za", yizu", tr. v., halo (reflexive), ((to intervene (to one's disgust)))
(ad B. s.v. I zaqq).
zdki, ((sweet (scent))>, ((good (taste, food) )>.
I zamzam, yizamzem, tr. v., ((to gather (skirt))> (ad ibid. s.v.).
mnzamzam, ((gathered (skirt) )>.
II zannad, yizanned, intr. v., ((to have an erection (penis))> (ad D. s.v.).
zunnar, pl. zananir, ((belt )>, ((band worn round the waist )>, a traverse
band)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
zingo, zingo, ((zinc )> < It. zinco.
zayy, adj., ((like )>, ((such as ). zayy-ma, conj., ( as )>, pace B.: J(erusalem
Arabic) ( because)> ( !). (ad B. s.v.).
sbii', pl. 'asabl', ((week )>. (yom-)is-sbu' in Jewish tradition, ((the

seventh day of mourning)> (ad ibid. s.v. satra).
sutra, pl. sutar, ((jacket)> (ad ibid. s.v. satra).
stara, pl. satayer, ((curtain )> (ad ibid. s.v.).
I satwa, yisatwi, ((to cook something well done )> (v. ibid. s.v. I sawa,
and VIII stawa, and infra, s.v. II sawwa).
sahhdb, pI. -at, ((zipper)>.
I sahsal, yisahsel, intr. v., ((to waddle)>, ((to droop (trousers, skirt))>
(v. ibid. s.v. I zahzal, and II dzahzal).
II sahham, yisahhem, tr. v., fig., ((to make worse)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
sahhan, pl. -at, ((heater)>.
sadad, ((draw (in game))> (ad ibid. s.v.).
sidde, pl. sidad, ((garret)> (ad ibid. s.v. sadde).
I sara, yisri, tr. v., ((to circulate)>. matrah-ma yisri yimri, ((I hope
you'll enjoy it, i.e. your food or drink >, lit. wherever it circulates,
let it be pleasant! (ad ibid. s.v.).
tis'tre, ((price list)), ((price fixing (by authorities))).
I saff, yisiff, tr. v., ((to copulate)) (ad ibid. s.v.).
safar-tas, pl. -dt, ((food pyramid: three food containers one on top
of the other, hooked by a handle)> < Turk. sefer tas (v. ibid. s.v.
matbaqiye).
I sakk, yisukk, tr. v., ( to beat (hot iron) # (ad ibid. s.v.).
sakte 'al biyye, ((heart failure #.
skuiti, <(taciturn)), ((one who minds his own business)) (v. ibid. s.v.).
II sakkar, yisakker, tr. v., <( to turn off (radio set, microphone, tele-
vision set) , <(to hang up (phone)# (ad ibid. s.v.).
sikrabor, pl. -at, <(sick report )>.
salsTsyo, (( sausages#> < It. salsiccia.
silk, pl. 'aslak, ( wire #, <(spoke#) (E. 151b).
saldm, <(national anthem>, 'is-salam-il-malaki, <(the royal anthem)>
(ad B. s.v.).
II tsamsam, yitsamsam, <(to be annoyed *, to be pestered)> (v. ibid.
s.v. I samsam).
sammd'a, p1. -at, (xearphone . <(earpiece , <(stethoscope)> (E. 36b.
ad B. s.v.; v. D. s.v. smd'a).
semJt, ((sheep-like jumping game: while a player stoops like a sheep,
all the rest jump over his back; the last one stoops in turn, and
so on (v. B. s.v. suimena).
sandwis, pl. -at, <(sandwich )>.
sane, pl. snin, (x year ). sitt7n sane (w-sab'1n yom), ((eat and drink for
tomorrow you shall die>, lit. sixty years (and seventy days).
(ad B. s.v.).
ms5gar, ((registered (letter))> (ad ibid. s.v. I zokar, alongside mzokar).
stuidyo, pl. -hdt, <xstudio )>.
II sawwa, yisawwi, tr. v., sawwa 'a-n-nar, <(to cook on fire (ad ibid.
s.v.; v. supra, s.v. satwa).
sir, <(traffic)) (ad ibid. s.v.).
sader, pl. sawader, <(tent )> (v. ibid. s.v. cader).

sakus, pl. sawakis, <(hammer)> (v. ibid. s.v. cikugi).
sa s, pI. -yye, <(sergeant)> (v. ibid. s.v. dwMs).
sawriyye, <( embroidered hand handkerchief)> < Turk. 9evre.
say, pl. -at, <(tea)) (v. ibid. s.v. ciy).
sabriyye, gibriyye, pl. sabdri, (xdagger # (v. D. s.v. s'abriyye).
II sabbat, yivabbet, intr. v., 'ala, ((to climb , <(to creep up > (ad B. s.v.
I sabat, and V tsabbat 'ala).
II sabbak, yisabbek, tr. v., <(to entangle by borrowing money from
A and letting B pay one's debt, then letting C pay one's debt
to B, and so forth (ad ibid. s.v.).
gabbik, pl. -e, ( one who entangles)> s.v. II sabbak.
V tsabbah, yitsabbah, intr. v., 1-, ((to seem to someone c.
I gadd, yisidd, intr. v., 'ala, <(xto urge)). gaddet 'aleha tihki, ( I urged
her to speak)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
I garad, yusrod, intr. v., ( to be absent minded)> (v. ibid. s.v. sarad 30).
V tsarrad, yitsarrad, ((to roam >, < to tramp about )>, passive of II sarrad
(ad ibid. s.v.).
sarsaf, pl. sardaef, <( bed sheet)) (v. ibid. s.v. 5ar3af).
I s'ara', yis'ra', intr. v., ((to give judgement )>, <(to pass a sentence >
(ad ibid. s.v.).
gurfe, pl. -dt, ((balcony >.
II tsarmat, yitsarmat, ((to prostitute oneself)> (v. ibid. s.v. sarmuita 20).
sisme, pl. sigam, (( water closet >, ((latrine )> (v. ibid. s.v. cagme).
sisne, pl. sisan, pejorative, ((type)), ((character)> (v. ibid. s.v. tesne).
I sa'ar, yus'or, intr. v., ma', ((to identify oneself with)> (E. 139b;
ad B. s.v.).
sa'r-il-bandt, fig., <xrosy coloured cotton-like and thread-shaped con
fectionery sugar)>, lit. (metaphor) girls' hair (v. ibid. s.v. gaz'l,
gazl-ilbandt).
I sa wat, yisva'wet, tr. v., ((to scorch after plucking feathers of a fowl,
and before cooking)> (v. ibid. s.v. I salwat).
II tsvawat, yitsacwat, ((to be scorched (fowl, milk))> (v. ibid. s.v. II
tsalwat).
sayte, pl. -dt, ( function )>. 'il-'uton sagilto 'inno ydaffi, (ithe function
of cotton is to keep one warm)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
sagdIl, ((active)) (ad ibid. s.v.).
sa'ha, pl. -dt, ((slice (watermelon))> (v. ibid. s.v. I saqah).
sa'fe, pl. svu'af, ((stunner (girl))> (E. 173b; ad ibid. s.v. saqfe).
sa "a, pI. su 'a, ((apartment)> (v. D. s.v. saqq/siqq).
a'liub, in bi-s-sa'lub, ((up side down )), ((reverse side >, pace B.
J(erusalem Arabic) bsaqlfzb (undefined).
sekk, pl. -at, ((check )>, ((cheque)> (v. ibid. s.v. cakk).
sukaldta, s?okoldta, (xchocolate)> (v. ibid. s.v. cekaldta).
salabi, ((elegant )), <(beautiful> (v. ibid. s.v. calabi).
salbane, ( elegance >, ((beauty)> (v. ibid. s.v. calbane).
salaf, 'ard s'alaf, # field of stubble )>).
samento, svirnento, (x cement#) (v. ibid. s.v. c5imento).
I sammar, yi ammer, intr. v., (e to have an erection (penis))> (ad ibid.

s.v.).
same' 'ahmar, ((sealing wax )>, lit. red wax (ad ibid. s.v.).
sammali, ((left handed ) (E. 39b; v. D. s. v. sivmldwi).
sant7re, pl. sanat7r, <(tiny thorn or piece of wood thrust in one's skin)>
(E. 214b).
santa, sante, pl. -at and sunat; santay, pl. -at, ((handbag>), <(satchel)>,
((suit case)), <(post bag)), (briefcase)) (ad B. s.v. santa; v. ibid.
s.v. canta and cantatye).
sans, <(luck)) (v. D. s.v. II sannas) < Fr. chance.
I sangal, yisangel, tr. v., ((to fasten with a small hook)> (door, window,
case lid, box cover, etc.) (v. B. s.v. I cangal).
sangal, pl. sandgel, <((small) hook)> (v. B. s.v. cangal).
Svii? interr., <(what? )). svu ale(h)? <(what's bad in that? )>. su fiha ? s.m.
(E. 36a; ad ibid. s.v. su).
swal, pl. -at, <(sack (straw, barley, flour, etc.))) (v. ibid. s.v. c(wal).
sort, (( short (trousers) )>.
w-'isi, <(etc. )>.
I sabb, yisubb, tr. v., <(to cast (metal, cement))) (ad ibid. s.v.).
V tsabbab, yitsabbab, intr. v., 'ala, <(to feast one's eyes on (woman))>
(ad ibid. s.v.).
sabb, <(casting)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
suboh, << morning)>. 'a-s-suboh, ((in the morning)>. wusvsv-is-suboh, <(at
sunrise)>, lit. the face of the morning. bukra-s-suboh, ((tomorrow
morning )> (ad ibid. s.v. sabgh).
sabbdra, <(salt (as preservative))> (v. ibid. s.v. II sabbar 30).
masahh, pl. -at, <(sanatorium )), <(convalescent home)> (E. 73a).
fa44iyye, <(health department)> (Kosover, p. 120).
sahhdra, pl. sahahir, <(wooden box to load vegetables)> (ad B. s.v.).
I sihi, yisha, intr. v., ((to return to one's senses >. Imperative preceding
imperfect: 'isha (f. 'ishi, pl. 'ishu) and 'isha (f. 'ishi, pl. 'ishu),
<(don't ... )>, lit. (( mind you ! 'ishu tihku, <e don't you tell (anyone) ! >.
'ishu tkuinu 'amlin mu'anmara, <(mind you if you have made a
conspiracy!)> (ad ibid. s.v. sahi).
masharg', pl. -yye, <(joker >, <(jester)> (v. ibid. s.v. mashara).
saratan, <(cancer)> (v. ibid. s.v. saratan7ye).
VII nsatah, yinisteh, intr. v., <(to be drunk)>, lit. to lie down at full
length )>.
mastfzl, < intoxicated )) (ad D. s.v.).

I saff, yisuff, intr. v., <(to stand in line)) (ad B. s.v.).
V tsaffah, yitsaffah, tr. v., ((to read (newspaper) >) (ad ibid. s.v.).
II saffaf, yi?affef, tr. v., <(to put in order)>, <(to arrange (on shelf))>
(ad ibid. s.v.; v. ibid. I saff).
mus sdfi, < gross)> (E. 80a; ad B. s.v.).
I sa'a, yts'i, tr. v., <(to water)>, fig., (reminiscing) sa'alla a-hadik(t)-
il-'iyydrm, <(how beautiful were the days of old ! >), lit. may God
water those days (that have dried up by now)! (ad ibid. s.v.).
msallabe, (< Church in the valley of the Cross, in the quarter of Rehavia
in Jerusalem)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
saldhiyye, ( Church of St. Anne, was temporarily turned into a mosque
by the sultan SalMh-id-Din, within Lions' Gate of old Jerusalem )).
santuir, pl. sanatr, ((metal-stringed musical instrument resembling
the qanuin)> (v. ibid. s.v. santir).
sahyan, yipahyen, intr. v., ((to disregard utterly )>.
msahyen, (< one who disregards utterly )>.
I darab, yutdrob, tr. v., in darab talafon, ((to call (by phone) )>. darab
mi'dd, <(to make an appointment >. darab 'a(la), ((to play (musical
instrument) > (ad ibid. s.v.).
darta hamye, < a violent fart)> (v. ibid. s.v. d. mekne).
du'f damm, <(anemia>) (E. 52a).
daww, n. <(light)>. wussak wa-la daww-il-'amar, (I haven't seen you
for ages)>, lit. your face and not moonlight (ad B. s.v. wacc).
daww-il-jule, <(firefly >, ((glowfly)) (E. 92a).
II dayya', yidayye', tr. v., 'ala, <(to miss)). dayya't-il-madrase 'alayy,
<(I missed school)) (ad B. s.v.).
fd?e, pl. -dt, <(silvered red copper bowl without a handle )>. fig., 'it-ta-se
day'a, ((chaos)), <(anarchy)>, <(disorder)>, lit. the bowl is lost (i.e.
in the public bath. Imagine the chaos !). An interlocutor may
add deridingly: 'Wl-it-tase .day'a. 'ay-il-hammdm kullo .daye', s.m.,
lit. he (i.e. you) says 'the bowl is lost', but I say 'all the bath
is lost' (hyperbole);
tdst-ir-ra#fe, or tdst-ir-ru'be, <(magic bowl of earthenware, with
secret inscriptions on, filled with water and kept uncovered
overnight in one's courtyard, and used as folk therapy for the

benefit of the frightened >, lit. # the bowl against fright > (ad ibid.
s.v.).
I tabb, yitubb, tr. v., ((to turn over (utensil) #. To complete the proverb
attested in B. s.v.: tubb-ig-garra 'ala tumma, btitla'-il-bint la-
'imma, <(a daughter is her mother's copy in character >, lit.
turn over a jar, and you'll find that a daughter grows to be like
her mother)> (rhyme).
tubg4i, pl. -yye, ((artillery man)>, fig., ((a man who commits adultery
with boys)> < Turk. topqu.
tubzi, <(coarse-dressed stone with smooth frames on sides>) (Kosover,
p. 261, no. 353, s.v.).
V ittabba', yittabba', ((to be stained > (ad B. s.v.).
II tabba', yitabbe', tr. v., <(to influence a woman in love making)>
(v. D. s.v. 20).
tahha, <(bit >. wa-la tahha, ((not a bit >).
turra, <(the Turkish sultan's monogram)>. turra willa kditeb?, <(heads
or tails?*) being a translation of Turk. yazz ms tura ms? (in
inverted order) <(inscription or monogram?N>. Variant of Turk.
tura is Turk. tugra (pronounced tu&ra > CA tugrd'). (v. B.
adducing tarra 'alla naqs, alongside s.v. tarra).
'it-tus's, (( last )).
tuzlok, pl. tazdlek, (( gaiter )) < Turk. tozluk.
IV 'at'am, yit'am, tr. v., <(to yield (fruit) )>.
ta'em madrase, pl. trimet madrase, ((school uniform)> (E. 38a).
I tile', yitla', intr. v., kull yom btitla'-li tal'a sikel, ((everyday you
come up with a new demand)> (ad B. s.v.).
II talla', yitalle', tr. v., <(to bring up)>, (to educate)>, 'ana talladt-
irga1, ((I've brought up men)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
t5tah, a family name, of all creeds (ad ibid. s.v.).
I td', yitu', tr. v., <(to reach something high)> (v. ibid. s.v. I tal).
tfil. <(stature )>. martak b-tgla w-'arda 'a4at, ((your wife herself (lit. in
her stature and breadth) came)) (ad ibid. s.v.);
'ala tIl, adv., <(straight *. 'imst 'ala ttl, ((walk straight, i.e. don't
turn, or don't stop !> (ad ibid. s.v.).
tawtle, f., # tall)>, (with suppressed indefinite subject) in, fawtle 'ala
snainak, <(you cannot cope with it)>, lit. it is tall for your teeth
(to reach 'high up') (ad ibid. s.v.; v. D. hwile 'a-daqnak, s.m.,
alongside s.v. daqn).
tin, pl. 'atndn, ((ton)> < Fr. tonne.
I tpr, yitir, intr. v., <(to fly off)>. 'is-sufra rah-itir, # the table is
overburdened with many things*, lit. the table (itself) is about

to fly off;
stanna, turat-id-dinya?, < cool it! are you afraid you'll miss it? *,
lit. wait! has the world flown off?!
tayer, n., pl. tawayer, ( tyre >, ((tire )>.
II tayyaz, yi ayyez, intr. v., 'ala, < to disregard someone > (ad ibid. s.v.).
tiz, pl. tydz, < anus )>, fig., fizen bi-lbds, # very close friends >, lit. like
two anuses in a pair of drawers)> (ad ibid. s.v.). min rtz-il-lel,
((since dawn >, <(early in the morning)> (v. D. s.v. adducing man
t.z-ad-daw).
zubor, pl. zbdr, (xpenis # (v. B. s.v. zabor alongside zabb).

zabra'uiti, pW. -yye, <(having a large penis >.
mazbiut, ((indeed (E. 49b).
VII nzarr, yinzarr, intr. v., 'ala, (( to be oppressed (young girl in a
conservative society) (v. D. s.v. I zarr).
zirr, pl. zrdr, (( clove (garlic) > (E. 93a), ((button (electric) )>.
w-iz-zardta!, I I couldn't care less ! >( v. B. s.v. .darta).
I za'bar, ycia'ber, intr. v., 'ala, inf., za'bara, <(to talk loudly and
harshly to someone*> (ad ibid. s.v.).
Z'et-u-m'tq [-u-naFttd-il-hil, ( riffraff)> (ad ibid. s.v. z'et).
II .affar, yizaffer, tr. v., ( to cook or lay meat in a utensil, thereby
making it unusable for dairy food or drink, according to Jewish
law? (ad ibid. s.v.).
V d.affar, yid;affar, passive of II, ((to become unusable for dairy
food or drink (utensil))> (v. II .affar); ((to eat, or to have eaten
meat, thereby being unable to eat or drink a dairy product for a
small number of hours, as prescribed by Jewish law)? (ad ibid. s.v.).
m.affar, ( to be in a state as explained s.v. V d.affar, supra>
II ?ammar, yizammer, intr. v., # to play the horn >, fig., ( to pass away E
(ad ibid. s.v.).
am(m)ftr, pl. zanamtr, ((horn (of car)#>, ((alarm bell? (E. 104b; v. D.
s.v.).
zawwar, yizwwer, intr. v., 'ala, ((to force someone to do? (v. B. s.v.
zor 20).
'abdta, in bi-l-'abdta, ((by force )), unjustly > (v. D. s.v.).
II 'abba, yit'abbi, t
able words >, lit.
<(coffee that ma
ta'ttm, ((blackout)> (E. 113b; ad ibid. s.v. II 'attam).
I 'ag'ag, yi 'ag e ', intr. v., < to stick (flieson sweetmeat) > (ad ibid. s.v.).
I 'adal, yi'del, tr. v., ((to turn someone's eyes to a certain direction )>.
When struggling with death, a Muslim asks those surrounding
him: 'i'idliini 'a-l-'ible!, <(turn my eyes to the direction of the
Ka'ba >, fig., aI can't take (bear) this )> (ad ibid. s.v.).
Larais, 'arase, pl. 'ardyes, ((bride >. fig., <(doll)> (E. 63b). 'ariis-il-hasse,
((the heart of a lettuce)> (ad ibid. s.v.; v. D. s.v. lablilb).
I 'tiref, yi'raf, tr. v., ((to know >. (warning) ba'raf sugli ma'ak, a I know
how to handle you)>, lit. I know my business with you. bti'raf
gu'lak, s.m., lit. you know your business with me. (vulgar) 'drfo
w-ndyko, # I know him (i.e. his character) perfectly well)>, lit.
I know him, and I have copulated him (v. ibid. s.v. 'agan).
Preceding an imperfect, ((to be able (to do))> < Turk. bilmek,
mus dref 'aftah-il-bdb, dI'm unable to open the door)> (ad B. s.v.).
ta'rffe, ((half a piaster > (ad ibid. s.v.).
m'arra', ((perspiring on surface (cooked food))> (ad ibid. s.v. II 'arra').
'izz, in b-'izz-in-nhdr, <in broad daylight # (ad ibid. s.v. 'azz).
m'azzar, ((insolent >, ((impertinent )>.
'isre, #intimacy >, ((companionship >, <erelations >, ((community of
husband and wife)> (ad ibid. s.v. tdsre).
'asabiyye, ((nervousness)>. talla' 'asabiyti, <he drove me mad> (ad
ibid. s.v.).
9aJfuriyye, ((lunatic asylum >.
'afrate, pl. -dt, #devilry >, # dirty trick )>.
a'el, pl. -dt and "ful, ((mind)>. 'a'lo 'adim, ((old fashioned mind,>
lit. his mind is old. 'a'lo b-raso, ((wise>>, a intelligent#>, ((under-
standing*>, lit. his mind is in his head. 'a'lo mayydl la-l-miisiqa,
((he likes music )>, ( music minded >. 'a'lo taralafli (or - taratalli),
((he is crazy)> < Gr. trellos. 'a'ldto bihud.du, s.m., lit. his mind (pl.)
shakes >. min kull 'a'lo, ((he is serious about ... >, ((seriously)>
(ad ibid. s.v.).
III 'akas, yi'akes, tr. v., ((to stand in a girl's way, flirting her)> (ad
ibid. s.v.).
I 'all, yi'ill, tr. v., ((to make sick#>. 'all 'albi, <(he made my heart
sick)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
'eltdn, in a pair, flan-u-'eltan, ((this and that (persons))> (v. ibid. s.v.
flan).
tal-, ((ration of barley and straw #>. (proverb) mfit ya hmdr la-yigik-il-
'ali', ((we shall have to wait till Doomsday for relief)>, lit. die,
you ass, until the ration comes up! (ad ibid. s.v.).
mcallem, <(boss )> (E. 67b; ad ibid. s.v.).
'ala, prep., ( on)>. 'alena? (the verb btidhak is suppressed) ((are you
trying to fool me? * (lit. us). 'ala hamd n y- farcan?, s.m., lit.
are you (laughing) at Haman, 0 Pharaoh? (ad ibid. s.v.).
'umr + pr. suffix + definite noun, ( the hell with )>, e.g. cumro-l-kibrtt,
( the hell with the matches ! # (ad ibid. s.v.).
'amelfanni, pl. 'ummdlfanniyy&n, ((technician)> (E. 178b).
ma'na, ( moral #, n., (ad B. s.v. ma'na), ma'nawiyydt, (pl), s.m.
m'awwag, <( crooked >.
l-'ade, adj., e( usual e, a ordinary ). adv., <e usually e, e ordinarily )). il-cade-
s-sirriyye, <(masturbation)>, lit. the secret habit (ad ibid. s.v.).
'aww7d, pl. -e, ((lute player ) (v. ibid. s.v. 'awwdd).
I 'am, yi'ilm, intr. v., ((to be topsyturvy ). il-matbah cayem, ((the
kitchen is topsyturvy)> (ad ibid. s.v.; v. ibid. s.v. I karkab).
II 'awwam, yi'awwem, tr. v., ((to fill up (with blood all over) ) (v. D.
s.v., 20).
II 'ayyad, yi'ayyed, tr. v., cind, ((to celebrate a holiday with the
family of So-and-So)> (ad B. s.v.).
cxd, pl. cyad, ((holiday >, ((feast )>. -d.il-curs', ((Jewish feast of Taber-
nacles)> (v. ibid. s.v. mdalle, alongside Vid lmd1alle).
I 'af, yi'Tf, tr. v., ((to feel disgust at*>. 'ayef-it-takane, ((I feel dis-
gusted >, lit. I have put off the head of my hookah (v. supra,
s.v. takane). 'syef-it-turbds' s.m., lit. I have taken off my fez
(tarboosh). c'yef samay, s.m., lit. I feel disgusted at the sky
above my head (v. D. s.v. I c'f dino).
in, pl. cyfin, ((eye)>. Prophylactic phrase to ward off the evil eye:
fi 'en-il-cadu, lit. in the eye of the enemy )> (v. B. s.v. hamse bcen-
IX gbarr, yivbarr, intr. v., ((to be hazy >. 'id-dunya mugbarra, ((it
(lit. the world) is hazy)) (E. 30a).
I garbal, yitarbel, tr. v., ((to sift )>. zayy bedit l-imgarbel, ((to shuttle )>,
lit. (simile) like the testicles of a sifter. (ad B. s.v. mgarbel).
gassale, pl. -at, (4 w

s.m., lit. electric washer (ad ibid. s.v.).
I ga, yi.uss, tr. v., (4 to cram )>. (annoyed) (y)ju?? bdlak!, < may God
cram your mind ! (ad ibid. s.v.).
#ata ldmba, pl. puti lamba, O lamp shade > (E. 33a; ad B. s.v. gata).
giles, adj., ( sickening > (v. D. s.v. glt).
gummdy, ( hide and seek (game) #>.
ger, an expression of emphasis, preceding an imperfect: gjr 'aWkzk,
( I will (!) report you )>. The suppressed negative main clause is
md bisir, < nothing will happen)> but ... := r ... (ad B. s.v.).
fdbrika, pl. fabdrek, ( factory)> < It. fabbrica.

I fatt, yifitt, tr. v., fig., (4 to spend (money))> (ad ibid. s.v.).
fatte, a dish of bits of bread soaked in warm chick-peas soup with
boiled chick peas, olive oil, lemon juice, chopped parsley and
garlic, seasoned with salt and pepper (v. D. s.v.).
I fata4, yiftah, tr. v., < to turn on (radio set, microphone, television
set, etc.) >, ( to pick up (phone receiver))> (ad B. s.v.).
fitrtna, pl. -at, (4 shop window)> (E. 158a), (( glass case)> < It. vetrina.
I far4a, yifargi, tr. v., (4 to show Y>. il-mara mus' 1azem tfar it 'in la-
rigg4lha, ( a woman ought not to show a favourable countenance
(lit. an eye) to her man)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
fdreg, pl. fawdreg, a dish of intestines stuffed with seasoned rice,
minced meat, etc. (ad ibid. s.v.).
I farfas, yifarfes', intr. v., (< to feel easy >.
farfa?e, ( ease )>, (4 comfort )>, (( leisure >.
I farra', yifarre', tr. v., ( to disperse. mfarre'-il-gama 'at, ( God, the
Mortifier >, lit. the Disperser of groups (of people) (ad ibid. s.v.).
I fised, yifsad, intr. v., ana hayef tifsad-it-tabha, ( I'm afraid the
scheme (lit. the cooking) will spoil)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
fasfitls, pl. fasafis, < tiny >, (4 very small)> (v. ibid. s.v. fasfuise).
fa'ls, in rah fa'is, (4 he was crushed >.
fa"sis, coll. n., ( a kind of cucumber )>, fig., 'ana wa't-is-s?ujol md 'indi
hydr-u-fa"f7s, (( as far as work is concerned, I am strict with
everyone >, lit. during work I don't discriminate between a
better kind of cucumber and another (ad ibid. s.v. faqquis; v. D.
s.v. faqqiis-el-ehnuir).
I fa'a', yif'a', intr. v., ( to burst out)> ma'. (indefinite subject suppress-
ed :) fa"at ma'i, # I burst out)>, <(I flared up )>, lit. it burst when it
came to me (v. B. I wazwaz, alongside mwazuze ma'i).
faktha, ((running away )> (ad ibid. I fakah, intr. v., 10).
fiker, pl. 'afkar, <(ethought)), #(mind)>. fikri, < I think)). la-'ejmta, fikrak,
biddna ndall mahbusfn?, #until when, do you think, are we going
to stay in jail ?)> (ad ibid. s.v. faker).
'ala fikre, <(by the way, ... > (ad ibid. s.v. fakre).
falte, ((libertinism )> (ad B. s.v.).
fdlte, ( debauched woman)> (ad D. s.v. fdlet).
faltdne, s.m.
famllya, pl. -at, ((family)> < It. famiglia.
I falag, yifleg, tr. v., <(to paralyze )>, fig., ((to terrify >.
VII nfalag, yinifle4, passive of I (ad ibid. s.v.).
II fannad, yifanned, tr. v., ((to refute > (ad ibid. s.v.).
fanar, pl. -at, ((lighthouse )>. fig., yihreb fandrak, ((may God destroy
your light (house)!> (ad ibid. s.v.).
finir, coll. n., ( plywood >.
fiuta, pl. fuwat, ((diaper)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
fawwal, (cook of broad beans and chick peas with sesame oil, olive
oil, lemon juice, garlic, and seasoning)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
fitamin, pl. -at, ((vitamin >> (E. 136b) < Fr. vitamine.
fiCrus, fayruls, pl. -at, ( virus)> (ibid.).
fiza, pl. -dt and fiyaz, ((visa )>.
Q-
'add, in 'addo marrten, ( double)> (ibid. 214b; ad B. s.v. qadd).

'ird, pl. 'ruid, ((monkey)>, fig. 'ird-imzahla' ((agile)>, ((smart)>, lit.
slipped monkey (ad B. s.v. qard 10 and 20). 'ird-u--hares, ((desolate
place)>, lit. (there's none but) a monkey and a guard (ad ibid.).
'urs-it-talaf6n, ((telephone dial)> (E. 151b; ad ibid. s.v. qars).
'ar'a, pl. -at, (( bald-head)>, fig., himyat 'ari'to, ((he became furious>>,
lit. his bald-head became hot (ad ibid. s.v. qar'a).
II t'ar'ar, yit'ar'ar, intr. v., ((to giggle >).
'arraye, pl. -dt, (( oil lamp lighted according to Jewish law - now
replaced by candles - by married women, on Sabbath eve, being
one of the three commandments with which women must abide.
Oil is also dedicated to synagogues to light in such lamps, in
memory of one's dead (ad ibid. s.v. qarrdye).
'(a)zdz, coil. n., (xglass )>. 'azaze mkabbre, ((magnifying glass)> (E. 142a;
ad B. s.v. gzeze [ !1).
II 'as., yi'uss, tr. v., ( to sweep off water poured on the floor before
drying)) (v. ibid. s.v. qass 40).
ass?isiyye, pl. -dt, (( bottle ). 'aSsisiyyet ma ward, ((rose water bottle )).
VII n'asa', yini'se', (to be dislocated (neck, wrist, ankle))? (v. ibid.
s.v. V tqassa').
I 'ata', yi'ta', tr. v., ((to cut)). wisso bi'ta'-ir-rize', ((he has an ugly,
or frowning face)>, lit. his face cuts off one's living (ad ibid. s.v.
I qata').
'ita, pl. 'ita', (( piece ). 'it'at telefon, < telephone token ) (E. 52b;
ad B. s.v.).
ma'ta', pl. ma'@te', ( musical phrase)> (ad ibid. s.v. maqta').
'uzmdt, <(rusks)) (ad ibid. s.v. bgq?mt@).
II 'a"ad, yi'a"ed, tr. v., in 'a"ad-in-nafs, < to stimulate one's appe-
tite ) (ad ibid. s.v. II qa"'ad).
I 'afal, yi'fel, tr. v., ((to turn off (radio set, etc.)?) (ad ibid. s.v. I qafal).
'afa, <( back>>. b-'afa fldn, <(in the absence of So-and-So ) (ad D. s.v.
qafa).
I 'alab, yi'leb, tr. v., ( to turn up side down #. 'alab hili'to, ( he changed
his nature #, <(he became grumpy ) (ad B. s.v. I qalab).
'alb, pl. 'lub, <(heart)>. (dissatisfaction) zayy 'albi, <(I don't like it)>,
lit. like my heart. 'albo matfi, <(he has no desire #, lit. his heart
is extinguished. 'albo maldn 'alafldn, (( he's angry with So-and-So ),
lit. his heart is full on So-and-So. 'albo min-il-hdmod idwi, < he
is suffering from anguish ), lit. his heart is twisting from sourness
(ad ibid. s.v. qalb).
'dleb, pl. 'awdleb, ((mould >. hattha 'a-l-'dleb, <(he copulated her *,
lit. he put her on the mould (ad ibid. s.v. qdleb).
II 'allat, yi'allet, tr. v., <(to cross (border))> (v. D. s.v. qallat).
I 'al'at, yi'al'et, tr. v., ((to disgust)> (ad B. s.v. I qal'at).
II t'al'at, yit'al'at, passive of I (ad ibid. s.v. II tqal'at).
'alam hiber, pl. 'ldm hiber, <(fountain pen)), lit. ink pen. 'alam hiber
ndsef, pl. 'ldm hiber ndaef, ( refill pen ), lit. dry ink pen (ad ibid.
s.v. qalam).
'amis, pl. 'umsdn, ((shirt )). 'am7s tahtdni, pl. 'umrsdn tahdta, <(under-
shirt)) (ad ibid. s.v. qamls).
m'annat, <(well cooked with oil (food), water having been evaporated?
(ad ibid. s.v. II qannat).
I '"d, yi'ful, tr. v., <(to say)). When not fulfilling one's order in the
pretext that someone has said such-and-such, 'al-li ..., (( he said
to me ... #, one reacts cursing one's inferior: t'ul-lak 'die (pun,
t'ul-: 'ale) and implying # may a machine run over you !> (ad
ibid. s.v. I qal).
I 'am, yi'uim, intr. v., fi, <(to devour)). 'am fi-l-moz, < he devoured
the bananas# (ad ibid. s.v. I qam).
I 'am, yi'tm, tr. v., ((to clear away (table) )> (ad ibid. s.v.).
kani (w-)mani, (affairs)>, <(problems)>. bidnads kani mani, ((we don't

want any affairs )>.
kaw'uik, kaws'uik, (< rubber)> < Fr. caoutchouc.
kubbaniyye, pl. -at, Jewish settlement, a town quarter or otherwise,
prior to the emergence of Israel> (ad ibid. s.v.).
I kiber, yikbar, intr. v., in kiber-il-baher, ((the sea became stormy)>
(ad ibid. s.v.).
kabar, pl. kbulra, <(cloak-like cotton wrap > (v. D. s.v. kibr).
kabbara, pl. -at, ((magnifier)> (E. 142a).
kuttab, pl. katatib, ((traditional school for Muslim or Jewish boys)>
(ad B. s.v. kattab).
kart, pl. -at and kruite, ((card)> < Fr. carte. kart 'azime, <(invitation
card )>, ((wedding card)> (ad D. s.v.).
I karhan, yikarhen, intr. v., ((to act as pimp )>.
karahangi, pl. -yye, ((pimp)> (ad B. karhane 30).
kordela, kordella, pl. -at, ((ribbon)> < It. cordella.
kriza, ((fit of nerves)>, sabatha kriza, e she has had a fit of nerves)>
(E. 135).
krafatta, pl. -at, (( necktie)> < It. cravatta.
kurkar, ( psammite, not calcareous, used for building, to fill in gaps
in the walls (Kosover, p. 261, no. 352, s.v.; v. D. s.v.).
kusbe, <(residuum of sesame, or sesame oil cake)> (v. B. s.v. ksebe,
adduced alongside kusbe as 'Egyptian dialect form'; v. D. s.v.
kisbe).
I kasah, yiksah, tr. v., < to drink a number of cups (liquors))> (v. ibid.
s.v. kasha).
II kassah, yikasseh, tr. v., ((to expel)> (v. B. s.v. I kastah). (discardingly)
kasha!, <(the hell with him ! )>.
II kassad, yikassed, intr. v., 'ala, causative of I kasad, ((to harm
someone's business)> (v. ibid. s.v. I kasad).
I kasar, yikser, tr. v., <(to break >. kasar-is'-sarr <((he broke a dispute
or quarrel >, lit. he broke evil (ad ibid. s.v.).
VII nkasar, yinikser, passive of I. nkasar-is'-.arr, # the dispute is

over>), an expression used also when a glass or clay utensil is
broken, as a good omen, lit. evil is broken, i.e. not threatening
(ad ibid. s.v.).
mkassar, ((poor (language))> (E. 102b; ad B. s.v.).
I kaskas, yikaskes, intr. v., 1-, ((to curse )>, denominative verb < kuss,
pl. ksas, ((vagina)>, (vulgar curse) saying literally: k. 'immak,
or k. 'uhtak, etc., <x ... the vagina of your mother, or - of your
sister, etc. ) (ad ibid. s.v. kass).
kasra, ((grimace )>, ((frown)> (ad D. s.v. I kasvara).
kis'er, adj., ((frowning )).
kull, in 'it-kull wi-l-kaltl, ((all without exception c. kull hdda, or kullit-
hida (not inflected), adv., ((so)). kull hada zfir (f. zfire)?, (so
small? >. 'ihna mus kullit-hada fu'ara, ((we are not so poor.
cf. ha-l-'add(e), ((to such an extent)> (ad B. s.v. kall).
kawal;s (pl.), ((side scene )>. wara-l-kawalts, ((behind the scenes )>,
((backstage)> < Fr. coulisse (> Ar. sg. form, not in use).
kilme, pi. -at, ((word )>. min kilme la-kilme, or kilme min hon -u-kilme
min hon (or hunak), ... ((a word from one interlocutor, a word
from another, (and a tense atmosphere broke up))>, lit. from a
word to a word, or: a word from here, and a word from there,
... kilimto m.i bits9r tinten, (( his word cannot be disputed)), lit.
his word could not be two >). 20 ( Commandment )>. wihydt-il-'as'ir
kilmdt, ( I swear by the Ten Commandments)> (ad ibid. s.v. kalme).
kamb, pl. -dt, and knuibe, <(camp)> kamb tayardn, ((air field)>, syn. of
matdr.
kantin, pl. -dt, and kanatin, (( canteen)>.
kn-s, pl. kanayes ( !), ((synagogue >.
kndse wi-hrdse, (municipality tax for collecting sweepings and guard-
ing)), a term used before the emergence of Israel (ad ibid. s.v.
knase).
kiwdn, pl. kawawin, ((gramophone record)) (v. ibid. s.v. q(a)win;
D. s.v. kwdne).
kiibya, (<copy pencil>), ((pencil of indelible writing)) < It. coppia.
'alam kuibya, s.m. wara' kiibya, ((copy paper >).
korba, pl. -dt, ((bend (road) ) adv., 'agani korba, (xhe by-passed me )>.
laff-il-k5rba, ((he made a turn)) < It. curva.
kotoniyye, pl. -dt, ((colony (American, German, Greek) >, a European
settlement in a Palestinian town before the emergence of Israel.
20 - A Jewish ( colony)> (moshdv, moshavd, or kibbuiz) in Palestine

under the mandatory regime.
gitdr, gitdra, pl. -at, (( guitar > (E. 92a).

gull, gulle, pl. gldl, and gluil, ((clay marbles>) (boys' game))> (ibid.
93b; ad B. s.v. gall).
I idla, yildli, intr. v., <(to shine )>.

III layam, yildyem, tr. v., (( to suit >, ( to fit )>.
malban, ((prepared and dried grape syrup, leather-like)> (v. ibid. s.v.).
luzze', (( gum))> (v. ibid. s.v. lzdq).
malzame, pl. maldzem, (( section)>, <(signature of a book = 16 octavo
sheets ) (ad ibid. s.v.).
I lasa', yilsa', tr. v., <(to bite (of fire)>) (ad ibid. s.v.).
lateh, ( complete idiot )>. latha, s.m. (ad ibid. s.v.).
I li'eb, yil'ab, intr. v., <(to play)>. li'bat 'eno 'aleha, ((he coveted her)>,
lit. his eye (i.e. eyes) played on her (ad ibid. s.v.).
mla"ab, <(cunning)> (v. ibid. s.v. III ld'ab).
lu"'(a)biyye, pl. -dt, <((toy)>) (v. ibid. s.v. Ia'be).
II la"am, yila"em, intr. v., 1-, ((to bribe > (ad ibid. s.v.).
luks, pl. -dt, ((strong gas light >, <( street gas lamp)> < Lat. lux.
lang, lanj, ((brand new >).
lans, pl. -dt, <(motor boat)> < launch.
malha, pl. maldhi, <(discotheque)> (E. 107a).
I lahwag, yilahwe', tr. v., <(to snatch )>.
II tlahwag, yitlahwag, intr. v., <(to do with haste)> (ad B. s.v.).
log, pl. -dt, (( gallery )>, <(balcony >, (( box)> (theater, cinema) (E. 194a) <
lodge.
16h, pl. lwdh, (( block (wood) >, fig., (( block (person) )> (ad B. s.v.).
II layyas, yilayyes, tr. v., ((to shut up)>. layyas tummo, s.m., lit. he
coated his mouth. layyas ard-il-b6t, ((he smeared the floor with
a wet duster)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
mds5ni, pl. -yye, <(Free Mason)> (E. 67b).

makinist, pl. -iyye, ((machinist )>, <(mechanic )>.
II tmamhan, yitmamhan, ((to be blameworthy, in suspect of bad

moral behaviour)> (v. D. s.v. VI tmnahan).
mamhiun, (f. mamhfne), pl. mamahin, <( one who behaves morally bad
in terms of sexual behaviour)) (ibid. s.v.).
I tmahhah, yitmah4ah, intr. v., 1-, denominative verb < rnuhh,
( brains >. titmahhah UtS!, (e don't act cunningly with me ! )).
mahta, un. n., <( mucus >. 'abu mahta, ((suffering from a chronic
secretion of mucus )>.
mazzTka, ((music)> (v. B. s.v. mazzTke; infra s.v. mozika, and misi'a) <
It. musica.
I masah, yimsah, tr. v., ((to level (spoonful))> (ad ibid. s.v.).
II massah, yimasseh, tr. v., <(to use toilet paper or otherwise)> (ad
ibid. s.v.).
timsah, pl. tamasih, <(crocodile >, fig., gild timsdh, ((non-sensitive ), lit.
having a crocodile-like skin. mtamseh, s.m. (ad ibid. s.v.).
miskawi, <(fragrant like musk )>. mismes miskawi, <e vanilla-red cheeked
apricot with sweet pit)> (v. D. s.v.).
I misHi, yimsi, intr. v., in misyat batno, <(he suffered (is suffering)
from diarrhoea )), lit. his interior parts (have) moved.
II massa, yima''i, tr. v., in massat batno, ((it made him suffer from
diarrhoea));
intr. v., maski!, ((move on ! >, <(let's go ! )>.
V tmassa, yitmassa, ((to empty one's bowels)) (ad B. s.v.).
musran, pl. masarin, <(intestine )). musrdn zayed, ( vermiform appendix )),
musran 'a'war, s.m.
II madda, yimaddi, tr. v., ((to sharpen)) (ad ibid. s.v.).
matara, pi. -at, ((water flask )), ((water bottle)) (ad ibid. s.v.).
mupgeta, pl. -dt, ((slingshot >.
I magyab, yimagyeb, intr. v., <(to go out of the way)) (ad ibid. s.v.).
makkuik, pl. makakik, ((shuttle sewing machine))> (ad ibid. s.v.).
II tmal'az, yitmal'az, intr. v., 'ala, <(to talk with someone with a
teasing tone)> (v. ibid. s.v. II tmalkaz).
malyoner, pl. -iyye, (( millioner > < Fr. millionaire.
moto(r) saykel, pl. -at, <(motorcycle > (E. 34b).
modern, not inflected, ((modern)> < Fr. moderne. nas modern, ((modern
people )>, ((people wearing Western clothes, and adapting Western
manners and customs )>.
model, pl. -at, <(model)> Fr. modele,
mannus', pl. manan7s, ((vagina)> (v. B. s.v. mammusi).
mdliyye, <(financial situation)). maliyti mu btismah-li, <#my financial

situation does not allow me)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
mayy, mnayye, pl. of paucity -at, ( water )>. mayyet ma ward, (tautology)
< rose water >) (ad ibid. s.v. ma, alongside mu ward).
mozika, < music)>, ((music band playing European instruments in
official and wedding ceremonies)> < It. mnusica.
muis 'a, milsiqa, (( music (in general) >.
maykrofon, pl. -at, <( microphone )>.
naylon, ((nylon )>, fig., (( luxurious )>.

I nata', yinta', tr. v., ((to pull out >. ndte' 'er, (( he has a large penis )>,
lit. he has pulled out a penis (ad ibid. s.v.).
mand7l, mand7le, pl. manad7l, ( imprinted muslim fabric of which
Muslim women's veils, and Christian and Jewish women's head
kerchiefs are made )>. (proverb) ragga'na la-l-.hayek mandilo, ((here
we go again, repeating the old story! *>, lit. we gave back the
weaver his fabric (ad ibid. s.v.).
narse, ners, pl. -dt, <(nurse)) (E. 38a).
nawasef (pl.), ((not cooked food >, lit. dry (ibid. 44a).
mansiiri, <(cheap, strong fabric used for bedding, manufactured
originally at Mansuira, Egypt )>.
naddardti, pl. -yye, <( optician >, <(optometrist)) (ibid. 34b).
X standaf, yistandef, intr. v., ((to condescend)>. ma byistandef yihki
ma'i, <((he does not condescend to speak to me)> (ad B. s.v.).
I natt, yinutt, intr. v., auxiliary verb in an adv. meaning < instantly)>.
natt 'al-lo, <( instantly, he said to him > (ad ibid. s.v.).
na'ge, pl. -at and n'ag, fig., < delicate and beautiful girl)> (ad ibid. s.v.).
'ay na'am, a parenthetical pause expression in the course of conversa-
tion (ad ibid. s.v. na'am).
nafar, pl. 'anfar, <(person > (ad ibid. s.v.).
nafs, in nafso hadra, ((an elderly person having sexual vigour ), lit.
his soul is green. nafso 'azize, <( dignified-)>, lit. his soul is dear
(to him). (ad ibid. s.v.).
nafas, pl. 'anfas, (( breath )). (synecdoche) <( living soul >, (< person )),
<(creature >. bahre' 'anfaso, ((I'll kill him ! >, lit. I shall burn his
breaths (ad ibid. s.v.).
nafus, nifuls (pl.), and war'it-nifuls, <(birth certificate)> under the
Ottoman regime (Kosover, p. 187, no. 187); (xcertificate of Turkish
(Ottoman) citizenship)> (ibid. p. 348, no. 187).
II naffa1, yinaffed, tr. v., (x to shake out)). fig., mnaffej 'a'lato, ((he
is out of his mind ), lit. he has shaken out his mind (ad B. s.v.).
II tnaftar, yitnaftar, intr. v., 'ala, <( to assume an imperious attitude
toward someone ).
I na'ar, yun'or, tr. v., < to copulate)) (ad ibid. s.v.).
na'asa, ( fault )).
nu'ta, pl. nu'at, ((police station # (v. ibid. s.v. naqta 20).
I na'a', yin'a', tr. v., <(to soak ). When relying on a document which
is not valid, one is told: 'in'a'o w-israb mayyto, < soak it in water,
and drink its solution ), i.e. it is worthless (ad ibid. s.v.).
nukati, nukatgi, pl. -iyye, <(joker ) (E. 229b).
I nakas, yunkos, tr. v., fig., <(to provoke)), <(to stir) (ad B. s.v.). inf.,
nakge, ((provocation )>.
nkdy, nkdye, pl. -dt, <(spite ), ((grudge)) (ad ibid. s.v. nakd ye).
VIII ntala, yintli < CA imtala'a, ((to become full>), ((to be filled)>.
nammuira, ((sweet pastry made of flour and semolina with heavy
syrup, and decorated with peanut halves ) (v. ibid. s.v. nammora).
namuis, coll. n., <(mosquitos (ad ibid. s.v. nammuis).
II nammal, yinammel, intr. v., <(to have pins and needles (in one's
body) ) (v. D. s.v. tanmil).
VIII ntahak, yinthek, intr. v., with its subject 'ard ( (honour)>), <(to
be injured)> in CA (sic !). In Jerusalem Arabic, VIII ntlk, yintak ( !),
with the same subject (((to be copulated)). intahak > intak
'arda, <(she was raped . fig., intahak > intdk cardo, (xhe fail
lit. he was defamed.
nawbe, nobe, pl. -dt, in nobe 'asabiyye, ((nervous fit)>. nawbe 'albiyye,
((heart attack)) (v. D. s.v.).
I nonas, yinones, intr. v., ((to flicker)> (E. 114a; v. B. s.v.).
VIII ntdk, yintdk, ((to be copulated)) (v. supra, s.v. VIII ntahak).
I hastdr, yihaster, ((to be hysteric)> (E. 121a).

hamm, pl. hmium, <(worry)>. haddk hammi, (I couldn't care less ), lit.
(ironically) that is my worry and nothing else. asdtzet hammi,
<(teachers for whom I couldn't care less)) (ad B. s.v.).
mhandam, (xelegant)) (E. 45a).
hawiyye, pl. -&t, (xidentity)>, <(identity card)> (ibid. 139b).
mahujl, <( excellent)) (ad B. s.v.).
hek, adv., <(so>>. hek l-iwldd willa balds', <<very good children!)> lit.
so ought the children to be, or let them not be at all!
giha, pl. -dt, in min ha-l-giha, # in this respect)> (v. ibid. s.v. #ehha).
wd#ha, pl. -dt, < shop window)) (E. 158a).
wara, prep., ((behind >. waray 'ele, < I maintain a family)), lit. behind
me is a family (ad B. s.v.). min wardk, ((because of you# (v. ibid.
s.v. gara, alongside man gardk).
II wassah, yiwasseh, intr. v., fig., < to use bad language ). kaltm wuseh,
<(bad language)) (ad B. s.v.).
II wassa', yiwasse', intr. v., 1-, (vulgar), pun, twassi'-lo wtlla ywassi'-
lakl?, < would you make room for him, i.e. allow him (to copulate
you), or would you let him widen you, i.e. your arse ? # (ad ibid. s.v.).
wuso', ((space )>, # amplitude >, ((breadth ).
wast, ((middle ). (fi) wast-i-ivm'a, x weekdays between two Sabbaths))
(E. 157a).
b-wiss, b-wug?, ( in the presence of ), ((in front of)), e opposite #, # vis-a-
vis #. ma agas min wis's 'a'ul-lo 'itla' barra, ( I didn't have the
face to tell him 'go out !'# (ad B. s.v. w96).
V twatta, yitwatta, intr. v., passive of II, in btitwatta ndr taht-ir-ruzz,
<(a low fire is kindled under the rice (to cook))) (ad ibid. s.v.).
wa't zha, adv., # then #, ((at that time ).
walad, pl. wldd, ((son, regardless of age)>. wldd-itl-miyte, ((Jews*, an
abusive phrase, lit. sons of corpses (or corpse), a nickname used
by vulgar Gentiles before the emergence of Israel.
II walla', yiwalle', intr. v., ((to be combustible ) (E. 107b).
I wann, yiwinn, intr. v., ((to ring #, ((to burn (of ears) #, believed to
be a sign that someone is talking about you at the moment
(v. B. s.v. I tann).
wine, win?, pI. -at, ((winch)> (ad D. s.v.).
werko, ( tax ) (v. ibid. s.v. wergo) < Turk. vergi.
win? interr., adv., ((where? ). Attracting one's attention: wenak ?
((listenh! , lit. where are you? (v. B. s.v. yd, alongside ydhu).
ya..., ya..., conj., (?either ..., or... . yd 'imma..., yd 'imma..,

s.m. (ad ibid. s.v.).
yd 'a,tfa! interj., ((Oh!>, ((Goodness!)), (woman to woman) ya-hti
min-ir-r'-t!, <(Oh! men, men ! )). ya-lla, ((quick!, ((come on! >,
<(go on! )), (xgo away ! ), ((take it easy ! )), lit. 0, God! When
preceding the imperfect, ya-lia, ((I wish #, adv. sense, ( hardly >
(ad ibid. s.v.).
yay ! interj., (surprisingly), (( Oh! < CA yd hayy! O, Living!)> (ad
ibid. s.v.).
ya-ba ! interj., <((father !#) (v. ibid. s.v. yabo).
ya-mmaa! interj., ((mother!) (v. ibid. s.v. yamo).
yarpul, pl. yarap7l, ( double flute)) (v. ibid. s.v. 'argfzl).
yuisef 'afandi, <(mandarines )), un. n., yiisfe, (ad B. s.v. yuisef).
yom, pl. 'ayydm, 'iyyam, <(day>). yom 'an yom bizid, <(from day to
day it is increasing)> (v. D. s.v.). I-'ayydm-il-'adiyye, ((weekdays
between two Sabbaths)> (E. 157a).
LISTING OF WORKS
ON OR INCLUDING JERUSALEM ARABIC 2
Dictionaries
BARTHALEMY, A., Dictionnaire arabe-franfais (Dialectes de Syrie: Alep, Damas, Liban,

Je'rusalem). 5 fascicles. Paris, 1935-1954.
DAHEN, Hiyya, and ALLON, Shelomo, Mil6n 'Ivri-'Arvi la-Lash6n ha-'Arvit ha-
Meduberet be-'Eres Yisra'el (A Hebrew-Arabic Dictionary of Arabic Spoken in
'Erea Yisra'el), Kiryat-Sepher Publishing House, Jerusalem, 1978.
DENIZEAU, Claude, Dictionnaire des parlers arabes de Syrie, Liban et Palestine (Supple'ment
au Dictionnaire arabe-franfais de A. BARTHtLEMY), ... Paris, 1960.
ELIHIY, Y[6hanin], Milon 'Ivrf-'Arvi la-Safah ha-'Arvit ha-Meduberet (A Hebrew-
[Palestinian] Colloquial Arabic Dictionary), Vol. I, '-L, Vol. II, M-T, Yanetz
Publishing House, Jerusalem, 1977-1978.
Descriptive Studies
Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society, passim.

KosOVER, Mordecai, Arabic Elements in Palestinian Yiddish, The Old Ashkenazic
Jewish Community in Palestine, Its History and its Language, Publ. by Rubin
MAss, Jerusalem, 1966.
Palestine Exploration Fund Quarterly, passim.
PIAMENTA, Moshe, The Use of Tenses, Aspects, and Moods in the Arabic Dialect of
Jerusalem, (Ph.D. diss., Hebrew University of Jerusalem, in Hebrew, with table
of contents and summary in English, Jerusalem, 1957); First ed. publ. by the Office
2. Updated till 1979. v. Charles A. FERGUSON, #Syrian Arabic Studie8i), MEJ

9.187-94 (1955); Harvey SOBELMAN (ed.), Arabic Dialect Studies, A Selected Bib.iography,
Center for Applied Linguistics of the Modern Language Association and the Middle
East Institute, Washington D.C. 1962. Works listed on pp. xi-xm of Denizeau's
dictionary are not included in our list.
of the Adviser for Arab Affairs, Prime Minister's Office, Jerusalem, 1964; second
ed. in 200 copies publ. by Reshafim Publishing House, Tel Aviv, 1968 (with fully
vocalized Hebrew transliteration of text).
Id., The Use of the Imperfect (Without b-) in the Arabic Dialect of Jerusalem, (in Hebrew,
with English and Hebrew title page and introduction), Jerusalem, 1958 (mimeo-
graphed). Chapter from doctoral thesis.
Id., Studies in the Syntax of Palestinian Arabic, The Israel Oriental Society, Oriental
Notes and Studies, No. 10, Jerusalem, 1966.
Id., s(Fossilized and semi-fossilized verbs in the Arabic dialect of Jerusalem ), The Adam-
Noah Braun Memorial Volume, Essays in Jewish Studies, Jerusalem, 5730-1969,
pp. 470-492 (in Hebrew).
Id., ( Birth greetings in the Arabic dialects *, Folklore Research Center Studies, Vol. 1,
The Magnes Press, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 1970, pp. 239-258 (in
Hebrew).
Id., e haz% 'Unfortunate', a decaying element in colloquial Arabic ), Arabic and Islamic
Studies, Bar-Ilan Departmental Researches, No. 1, B.I. University Dept. of Arabic,
Ramat Gan, 1973, pp. XLVI-XLViII (with a summary in Hebrew, p. 260).
Id., < Jerusalem sub-standard Arabic linguistic analysis of an idiolect)), Jerusalem Studies
in Arabic and Islamic, The Magnes Press, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, I
(1979), pp. 263-285.
Id., e Selected syntactic phenomena of Jerusalem Arabic narrative style in 1900 * (v. LITT-
MANN), Prof. S. D. Goitein, Jubilee Volume, The Magnes Press, The Hebrew Univer-
sity, Jerusalem, 1979 (in press).
Id., Islam in Everyday Arabic Speech, A Socio-Cultural Study of Current Invocations
and Ejaculations, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 1979 (a bulk of Jerusalem Arabic material
is adduced).
Zeitschrift des deutschen Palaestina Vereins, passim.
Textbooks
BEN ZE'Ev, Y[israel], Ha-'Arvit ha-Meduberet, Vol. I, Jerusalem, 5704-1943/44; vol. II,
Jerusalem, 5708-1947/48 (in Hebrew).
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Jerusalem Arabic Lexicon

Author(s): Moshe Piamenta

JERUSALEM ARABIC as distinct from the non-specific and of a wider

Arabica, Tome XXVI, Fascicule 3

education in literary Arabic, the 'Standard' form being the '6lite'

During the mandato

Following the synopsis on 'Jerusalem Arabic', we shall now turn

'abb, pl. 'abbayat, a father ) (ad B. s.v.).

I 'aga, yqi, or y1g', in

bawabig"i, ((slipper-maker )>. pace D. bawadbig4i (s.v.) ( !).

'il-ibrd < CA 'al-burdq, 10 - < Alborak, name of the creature on

mabtane, pl. mab@ten, in mabtanet-sed, pl. mab@ten-sed, # a large

tag7ra, ironically, # something of little value)> (ad ibid. s.v.).

someone who has been turned down, or to someone repeating

hbdb (pl.) 'ala, ((God bless (someone)!)> (ad D. s.v.).

sweet, one ought not to rely on promises given while it is taking

thurdo', inf., ( being perforated or pierced by a shell)> (ad D. s.v.

da"a da"a, ( step by step? (ad ibid. s.v.).

dukst,<( corpulent)>, ((buxom >.

person wearing, usually with bad taste, modern European dress,

I zagwal, yizagwel, tr. v., ((to dazzle ).

sbii', pl. 'asabl', ((week )>. (yom-)is-sbu' in Jewish tradition, ((the

sader, pl. sawader, <(tent )> (v. ibid. s.v. cader).

I sammar, yi ammer, intr. v., (e to have an erection (penis))> (ad ibid.

w-'isi, <(etc. )>.

mastfzl, < intoxicated )) (ad D. s.v.).

overnight in one's courtyard, and used as folk therapy for the

overburdened with many things*, lit. the table (itself) is about

zubor, pl. zbdr, (xpenis # (v. B. s.v. zabor alongside zabb).

'abdta, in bi-l-'abdta, ((by force )), unjustly > (v. D. s.v.).

gassale, pl. -at, (4 w

fdbrika, pl. fabdrek, ( factory)> < It. fabbrica.

'add, in 'addo marrten, ( double)> (ibid. 214b; ad B. s.v. qadd).

kani (w-)mani, (affairs)>, <(problems)>. bidnads kani mani, ((we don't

VII nkasar, yinikser, passive of I. nkasar-is'-.arr, # the dispute is

20 - A Jewish ( colony)> (moshdv, moshavd, or kibbuiz) in Palestine

gitdr, gitdra, pl. -at, (( guitar > (E. 92a).

I idla, yildli, intr. v., <(to shine )>.

mds5ni, pl. -yye, <(Free Mason)> (E. 67b).

II tmamhan, yitmamhan, ((to be blameworthy, in suspect of bad

mdliyye, <(financial situation)). maliyti mu btismah-li, <#my financial

naylon, ((nylon )>, fig., (( luxurious )>.

I hastdr, yihaster, ((to be hysteric)> (E. 121a).

ya..., ya..., conj., (?either ..., or... . yd 'imma..., yd 'imma..,

BARTHALEMY, A., Dictionnaire arabe-franfais (Dialectes de Syrie: Alep, Damas, Liban,

Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society, passim.

2. Updated till 1979. v. Charles A. FERGUSON, #Syrian Arabic Studie8i), MEJ

KAPLIWATZKY, Jochanan, Palestinian Colloquial Arabic, 2 vols., 1941-44 (in Hebrew).

STEPEAN, St[ephan] H., Arabic Self-Taught, Jerusalem, 1935.

WAHBA, 'A[ssaf] G[eorge], Al-MukWlamdt al-Ma'liifa bi-al-Lsuoa al-'Arabiyya al-Darija

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