DESIGN OF STATE FEEDBACK CONTROLLER AND OBSERVER USING

MATLAB

Expt.No:
Date:
AIM:

To design state feedback controller and full order observer for a given LTI system to achieve
desired specifications

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:

MATLAB

MODEL OF THE SYSTEM:

(Will be provided individually during lab session. But practice with the material provided,
before coming to the lab)

SPECIFICATIONS:

(Will be provided individually during lab session)

DESIGN CALCULATIONS:

(Refer the reference books and the materials provided)

INFERENCE:

RESULT:

Sample Viva Questions:

1. List the difference between transfer function analysis and state space analysis?
2. List the advantages of state feedback analysis.
3. Define eigen value and explain its physical significance
4. What are eigen vectors? Explain their physical significance.
5. Define controllability and observability.
6. List the need for observers
7. If we do not know the actual initial states of the system, how do we make estimation
error as zero?
8. What are reduced order observers?
9. Define gain margin and phase margin.
10. If state feedback design is a regulator, how can we reduce steady state error in servo
response?
 CLOSED LOOP CONTROL OF BUCK CONVERTER

Expt.No:

Date:

AIM:

To simulate Buck converter in MATLAB and design suitable controller/compensator to

control the output voltage of buck converter in such a way desired closed loop
specifications are achieved.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

PC with MATLAB

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF BUCK CONVERTER:

𝑅 = 24Ω, L = 0.1H and C = 100μF

𝑉𝐷𝐶 = 12𝑉
Continuous Mode of Operation
Average output voltage of Buck converter is

𝑉0 = δVDC

where, 𝛿 is the duty cycle.

𝑇𝑂𝑁
𝛿=
𝑇𝑂𝑁 + 𝑇𝑂𝐹𝐹

Usually duty cycle is controlled by varying the amplitude of message signal in Pulse
Width Modulation Technique. Here a message signal is compared with a carrier signal
and output is ON when value of message signal is greater than carrier signal. Carrier
signal will be usually a triangular or saw tooth signal.

SIMULINK DIAGRAM OF BUCK CONVERTER IN CLOSED LOOP:

PROCEDURE:

1) Develop a Buck converter circuit in Simulink as shown above.

2) Under open loop set the duty cycle to 0.5 and make a step change of duty cycle
from 0.5 to 0.6 at time t=______ s.
3) Estimate the transfer function of the converter around 𝛿=0.5 from the transient
response.
4) Design compensator/ controller to achieve desired specifications.
5) Connect the buck converter in closed loop and check for the desired closed loop
response

BUCK CONVERTER:

Simulink Diagram:
 Open Loop Step Response

From the response

 Peak Time = _____s

 Max. Peak Overshoot = ____%

So,

Transfer function is G(s)

CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM

CLOSED LOOP SPECIFICATIONS

(Will be given in the laboratory)

COMPENSATOR / CONTROLLER DESIGN:

INFERENCE:

ESULT:

Sample Viva Questions:

(Scope of the questions will be based on basic working of Buck converter and more on the
closed loop response and controller design)

1. What is a buck converter?

2. Define duty cycle.
3. Define transfer function.
4. How will you identify transfer function of the buck converter from step response?
5. How will you choose a compensator/controller from the specifications?
6. What is modelling uncertainty?
7. What happens when the buck converter become unstable in closed loop? Will the
output become infinity?
8. Did you observe same closed loop dynamics in all the set voltage?
9. What happens when the load resistance is doubled and when it is reduced by two.