REKAYASA

OTOMOTIF

Djoko W. Karmiadji
COURSE GOALS
This course has two specific goals:
i. To introduce students to basic concepts of

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automotive engineering such as: industry,
research and technology
ii. To develop analytical skills relevant to the
areas mentioned in (i) above in the field of
mechanical engineering.

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COURSE OBJECTIVES
Upon successful completion of this course, students should
be able to:

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1. Determine the solution of automotive engineering
problems.
2. Familiarize the regulation and standard of
automotive products.
3. Analyze the problem solution induces in automotive
engineering systems by emphasizing the regulation
and standard of automotive.
4. Apply sound analytical techniques and logical
procedures in the solution of automotive engineering
problems. 3
TEACHING STRATEGIES

The course will be taught via Lectures and
Tutorial Sessions, the tutorial being designed to

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complement and enhance both the lectures
and the students appreciation of the subject.

Course work assignments will be reviewed with
the students.
Attendance at Lectures and Tutorials is
Compulsory
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INDUSTRI OTOMOTIF
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HISTORY

Akhir Abad ke
ke--19
Craft Producer of Automobile

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Awal Abad keke--20
Mass Production

Pertengahan Abad ke ke--20
Lean Production

Awal Abad keke--21
Globalization of Automotive Industry
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FIRST AUTOMOBILE

The first practical automobile with a
petrol engine was built by Karl Benz

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in 1885 in Mannheim, Germany.

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FIRST AUTOMOBILE PATENT

Benz was granted a patent for
his automobile on 29 January
1886, and began the first
production of automobiles in
1888, after Bertha Benz, his wife,

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had proved with the first long-
distance trip in August 1888
(104 km (65 mi) from Mannheim
to Pforzheim and back) that the
horseless coach was absolutely Replica of the Benz Patent
Motorwagen built in 1885
suitable for daily use.

Bertha Benz, the first

long distance
automobile driver in
the world 8

Engine of the Benz Patent Motorwagen

FIRST MOTORCYCLE

Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm
Maybach in Stuttgart are credited

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as inventors of the first motorcycle,
the Daimler Reitwagen, in 1885.

Gottlieb Daimler

The Reitwagen (riding car), the Wilhelm Maybach

world's first internal combustion 9
motorcycle (1885)
ONE--CYLINDER PETROL MOTOR
ONE

Italy'sEnrico Bernardi, of the University
of Padua, in 1882, patented a 0.024
horsepower (17.9 W) 122 cc (7.4 cu in)

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one-cylinder petrol motor, fitting it into
his son's tricycle, making it at least a
candidate for the first automobile, and
first motorcycle. Bernardi enlarged the
tricycle in 1892 to carry two adults *

* Georgano, G. N. Cars: Early and Vintage, 1886–1930. (London:

Grange-Universal, 1985)

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Gallery Michigan auto industry: Henry Ford, US car manufacturer in 1900
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Lansing, MI, 1906. From L to R: experimental, curved dash, 2 cylinder,
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and 4 cylinder models.
Scrapbook, Vol. 1, 1886-1911. Roy Dikeman Chapin papers.
 UK car industry: a history in pictures

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Rolls-Royce Limited was founded by Henry Royce and Charles Stewart Rolls
in March 1906.
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By 1913, Henry Ford, the US carmaker had built a factory in
Manchester and soon became the leading UK car producer.
Between 1913 and 1923 the Model T was the UK's best-selling car 14
and production moved to Dagenham in Essex in 1932, where it
remains today.
MOTOR CARS IN AUSTRALIA
They were still something of a
curiosity in Australia and New
Zealand in the early 1900s, but by
1910, there were 102 different

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vehicle models (the majority of
them trucks and buses) being
driven and 12,000 vehicles had
been registered for land use. By
1915 the vehicle population in
Australia had reached 38,000 and
108 different brands - most of
them imported from overseas -
were competing in the market.

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 PRODUCTION LINE

The large-scale, production-line manufacturing
of affordable automobiles was debuted by
Ransom Olds at his Oldsmobile factory in 1902
based on the assembly line techniques pioneered

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by Marc Isambard Brunel at the Portsmouth Ransom E. Olds
Block Mills, England in 1802.

The assembly line style of mass production and
interchangeable parts had been pioneered in the
U.S. by Thomas Blanchard in 1821, at the
Springfield Armory in Springfield, Massachusetts.

This concept was greatly expanded by Henry
Ford, beginning in 1914. Henry Ford (ca. 1919)

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MASS PRODUCTION

In the automotive industry, its success
was dominating, and quickly spread
worldwide seeing the founding of
Ford France and Ford Britain in 1911,

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Ford Denmark 1923, Ford Germany
1925; Ford Model T, 1927, regarded as
the first affordable American

in 1921, Citroen was the first native automobile
European manufacturer to adopt
the production method.

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1921 Citroën B2 Torpedo
LEAN PRODUCTION

Essentially, lean is centered on preserving value with less work

Lean principles come from the Japanese manufacturing
industry

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Toyota's view is that the main method of Lean is not the tools,
but the reduction of three types of waste: muda ("non-value-
adding work"), muri ("overburden"), and mura
("unevenness"), to expose problems systematically and to use
the tools where the ideal cannot be achieved.

Toyota Production System (TPS) (hence the term Toyotism is
also prevalent) and identified as "Lean" only in the 1990s

TPS has two pillar concepts: Just-in-time (JIT) or "flow", and
"autonomation" (smart automation)
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FUEL AND PROPULSION TECHNOLOGIES

Most automobiles in use today are propelled by
a internal combustion engine, fueled by
deflagration of gasoline (also known as petrol)

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or diesel.

Efforts to improve or replace existing
technologies include the development of hybrid
vehicles, plug-in electric vehicles and hydrogen
vehicles.

Vehicles using alternative fuels such as ethanol
flexible-fuel vehicles and natural gas vehicles
are also gaining popularity in some countries. 19
FUTURE CAR TECHNOLOGIES

Automobile propulsion technology under development
include gasoline/electric and plug-in hybrids, battery
electric vehicles, hydrogen cars, biofuels, and various

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alternative fuels.

Research into future alternative forms of power include
the development of fuel cells, Homogeneous Charge
Compression Ignition (HCCI), Stirling engines,[47] and
even using the stored energy of compressed air or liquid
nitrogen.

New materials which may replace steel car bodies
include duraluminum, fiberglass, carbon fiber, and
carbon nanotubes.

Communication is also evolving due to connected car
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systems.
INDUSTRI OTOMOTIF
MUNCULNYA PERGESERAN
TEKNOLOGI BARU PASAR

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GLOBALISASI INDUSTRI
OTOMOTIF

INOVASI
KOLABORATIF 21
GLOBALISASI INDUSTRI OTOMOTIF

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Joint Venture Bertujuan untuk:
untuk:
•Kerjasama Teknologi

Merger •Peningkatan volume

•Penurunan Biaya

Akuisisi •Penetrasi Pasar

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TREND INDUSTRI MASA DEPAN

Platform global kombinasi dengan sumber
daya lokal

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Distribusi global pusat - pusat enjiniring

Industri skala besar menggunakan suatu

modul global, dengan kemampuan
mengakomodasikan variasi regional pada
produk akhir
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 INDUSTRI OTOMOTIF DALAM POLA KETERKAITAN
Dasar Kimia Sedang/Kecil Aneka Logam & Mesin

Ferro Industri Industri Industri Manufaktur

Komponen Komponen Komponen Utama
Bahan
Metal Metal
Metal
Non Ferro Mesin &

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Industri
Peralatan Industri Komponen
Komponen Elektronik
Minyak Industri
Metal
Gas Alam Bahan
Industri
Mineral Bakar
Bahan Cat Industri
& Cat
Kendaraan
Bermotor
Industri Industri Industri
Plastik Bahan Komponen Komponen
Plastik Plastik Plastik

Industri Industri Industri

Karet Bahan Komponen Komponen
Karet Karet Karet & Ban

Industri Industri 24
Silikat Keramik Kaca &
& Kaca Keramik
STRUCTURE OF AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

Brands
Engine,

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Body Parts
25 cos.

1st Trier, 11 cos.

Axle, Brake, Clutch, Transmission,

236 Companies
Steering, Shock absorber etc.

2nd Trier, 225 companies

Component Manufacturer, 2nd Trier
Pressed Parts, Glass, Radiator, Muffler, Electric, Rubber &
Plastic Parts, Casting.
Supporting Industries, 25
3rd Trier Industries
REKAYASA OTOMOTIF

Specialized Areas

• Body & Chassis

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• Power Train, Understand and be
Able to Use a Range of
Thermodynamic
Technologies in Order
• Electronic to Keep Pace Within a
• Control System Fast-Moving and
Forward-Thinking
• Fuel Technology and
Industry
Emission
• Fluid Mechanics
• Aerodynamics 26
INDUSTRI OTOMOTIF

Design

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Parts &
Components
Development

Vehicles
Production

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DEVELOPMENT OF ONE VEHICLE MODEL

Design Engineering Production Marketing

Pre-study
Design/Styling
Model Mass Production
Gambar Kontur
Quality Inspection
Model 1X1
Prototype Construction Drawing Production
“0” Series

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Testing & Real Road Test

Production Planning
Production Control

Marketing

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