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ABSTRACT
In this paper a dynamic simulator of Brazed Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers (PFHEs) ProSecnt is presented. A rigorous
model is used which allows one to represent the very broad range of configurations for this kind of equipment. A
DAE solver (DISCo) is used with a sparse direct solver (MA38) to handle the large number of equations.
Applications for control and design are highlighted through an industrial case study involving shutdown.
hi-tlli-IAf-Icn{lf -It.)+
hjArrcn{lf -1;)+ (2) plate
Stream 3
(outlet)
hiTliAfcn{lf -11:1)+
B
0.9 t=121.7s
B E
~ 0.8 slowest
Figure 2 Topology of streams
e.
~ 0.7
The exchanger is divided into a 150 cell grid (with
~
variable cell size) along the length, leading to a g 06 A
system size of 25,324 equations.
0.5
We will study the dynamic response of the heat fastest
exchanger when stream E is shut down in 5s, after 0.4 L-;-_ _ ~ ~ ~ _ _-----'
lOs of steady-state operation. The results from both o soo 1000 1500 2000
tirre (s)
the equipment manufacturer's point of view
(technological constraints) and the process engineer Figure 5 Exit mass vapour fraction of stream A
point of view (i.e., the influence on others streams)
In figure 6, we see the phase change front inside the
will be analysed.
exchanger from the initial vapour to the final Iiquid-
155 115
0 vapour state along the length of the fastest layer. The
w
0 114 c.5 influence of this moving front is visible on the maximum
~ 150 N
<.l o stacking plate temperature difference as well as on the
co E 113 g maximum between two adjacent plates.
gl45 e
e
:> 112 ~ 1,.--..--------------------,
iii 0.9
<; 140
o, 111 E
'"
C-
0.8
E s ci 0.7
.s ~ 0.6
135
0 5 10 15 20 25
time(s)
30 35 40 45 ~ 0.5
0.4
~ 0.3
Figure 3 Outlet temperatures during perturbation E 0.2
0.1
The figure 3 represents the first 50s of the a
perturbation. The response to the shutdown, though, -0.1 ....--+--+----+----+---<- --<_ _--'
is not immediate. The metal mass of PFllli works as a 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4 4.4 4.8
length (m)
a buffer.
155 255 Figure 6 Evolution of state change front
150 ~ 0 no
.~
145 C1 245 In figure 7 we show the evolution of the position and
stl 3540 240
value of maximum plate temperature difference. From a
e
.2130
co "- 8
235
230 value of about 28.4 0 at 1.32m it ends to 40.6 0 at O.l3m at
~~
<;125
0.
225 final steady-state.
-- r..
EI20 220 so 1.4
'"
-115
C2 215
110 210 1.2
45
105 205
o 500 1009 1500 2000
time IS) ig40
08g
e. .c
§35 06 g.
Figure 4 Exit temperatures versus time .!!!
~ 0.4
The figure 4 shows the complete response. The new 30
02
steady-state occurs after about 1250s for stream A
25 0
and even more quickly for others. The perturbation 0 SOO 1500 2000
t:J,gCfs)
propagates to others streams, especially those that
are liquid-vapour (B and A). This can dangerously Figure 7 Position and value of maximum plate
affect the process. temperature difference over time
5450 Computers and Chemical Engineering Supple ment (/999) 5447-5450