The topic for our discussion is Industrial Revolution: Rise of socialism.

Industrial Revolution is the name give to a series of changes that took place in the field of industry and led to several changes like production by machines,
from production by hand, from small scale production to large scale production. It started in the 18th century in Europe and marked its modern age and it
affected all aspects of man's life although it took place in the field of industry.

THERE WERE SEVERAL REASONS WHY EUROPE WAS THE FIRST PLACE TO BE INDUSTRIALIZED. THE REASONS ARE THE FOLLOWING:

1. RESOURCES LIKE COAL AND IRON WERE EASILY AVAILABLE IN ENGLAND WHICH WERE TWO MOST IMPORTANT THINGS REQUIRED FOR INDUSTRIALIZED.

2. IT GOT CHEAPER RAW MATERIALS FROM ITS COLONIZED EMPIRE WHICH ALSO SERVED AS A MARKET FOR IT.

3. WITH THE ABOLITION OF SERFDOM, A LARGE NO. OF PEOPLE BACAME FREE THUS CHEAP LABOUR WAS EASILY AVAILABLE.

4. AN ATMOSPHERE OF SCIENTIFIC ENQUIRY AND AN IMPROVED TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN THE FORM OF ROADS AND CANALS HELPED EUROPE TO BECOME
INDUSTRIALIZED.

SO THESE WERE THE MAJOR REASONS WHY EUROPE BECAME INDUSTRIALIZED FIRST. NOW WE MOVE ON TO ITS IMPACTS WHICH ARE THE FOLLOWING:

1. IT LED TO RISE OF CAPITALISM WHICH WAS AN ECONOMIC SYSTEM WHERE THE MEANS OF PRODUCTION WERE COMPLETELY OWNED BY PRIVATE
INDIVIDUALS AND OPERATED FOR PROFIT.

2. IT LED TO RISE OF 2 NEW SOCIAL CLASSES- CAPITALISTS AND WORKERS.

3. IT LED TO EMERGENGE OF NEW TOWNS AND CITIES AS PEOPLE FROM VILLAGES SHIFTED TO CITIES IN SEARCH OF JOBS. IT ALSO LED TO MANY INVENTIONS
AND DISCOVERIES LIKE THE STEAM ENGINE, THE SPINNING JENNY, THE COTTON GIN, THE ELECTRIC BULB...etc...ALL THESE INVENTIONS HELPED TO INCREASE
AGRICULTURE AND ALSO AID OTHER INDUSTRIAL FIELDS.

SO THIS WAS ALL ABOUT INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION...NOW WE MOVE ON TO SOCIALISM.

✅✅SOCIALISM IS AN ECONOMIC SYSTEM WHERE THE MEANS OF PRODUCTION WERE OWNED BY THE STATE AND OPERATED FOR SOCIAL WELFARE.

✅✅SOCIALISTS WERE AGANST PRIVATE PROPERTY AND SAW IT AS THE ROOTS OF ALL SOCIAL ILLS OF THE TIME. INDIVIDUALS OWNED PROPERTY THAT GAVE
EMPLOYEMENT BUT THE OWNERS WERE ONLYCONCERNED WITH THEIR PERSONAL GAINS AND NOT WITH THE WELFARE OF THOSE WHO MADE THE
PRPOERTY PRODUCTIVE. SOCIALISTS WERE AGAINSTS THIS AND WANTED THIS TO BE CHANGED, HENCE THEY CAMPAIGNED FOR IT. THIS WAS THE MOST
IMPORTANT REASON THAT LED TO THE RISE OF SOCIALISM.

✅✅SOCIALISM AS AN ECONOMIC SYSTEM GOT FULL SUPPORT FROM THE WORKERS. SEVERAL SOCIALISTS LIKE KARL MARX, FREDERICK ENGELS, LOUIS
BLANC, ROBERT OWEN AND ORGANISATIONS LIKE THE SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC PARTY, THE LABOUR PARTY AND THE SOCIALIST PARTY WERE IN FULL SUPPORT
OF SOCIALISM. ONE OF THE IMPORTANT INTERNATIONAL PARTIES- THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL WAS FORMED TO SUPPORT SOCIALISM.

✅✅SEVERAL MOVEMENTS LIKE THE PARIS COMMUNE OF 1871, THE CHARTIST MOVEMENT, THE TRADE UNION MOVEMENT HELPED SOCIALISM TO WIN OVER
CAPITALISM. THESE MOVEMENTS DEMANDED SOCIAL RIGHTS AND LIBERTY FOR THE WORKERS.

SO THIS WAS ABOUT SOCIALISM AND THE SUPPORT IT GAINED.NOW WE MOVE ON TO MARXIST SOCIALISM WITHOUT WHICH SOCIALISM IS INCOMPLETE.

✔✔ KARL MARX WAS A GERMAN POLITICAL, PHILOSOPHER AND ECONOMIST WHO ALONG WITH HIS ASSOCIATE FREDERICK ENGELS WROTE THE
COMMUNIST MANIFESTO AND DAS KAPITAL WHER HE TALKED ABOUT SOCIALISM AND SAID THAT WORKERS HAVE TO OVERTHROW CAPITALISTS AND THE
RULE OF PRIVATE PROPERTY. THEY HAD TO CONSTRUCT A SOCIETY WHERE ALL PROPRTY WAS SOCIALLY CONTROLLED. MARX SAID THAT THE CONDITION OF
WORKERS COULD NOT IMPROVE AS LONG AS THE PROFIT WAS USED BY THE OWNWER. HE WAS CONVINCED THAT WORKERS WOULD TRIUMPH IN THEIR
CONFLICTS WITH THE CAPITALISTS. HENCE, A COMMUNIST SOCIETY WAS THE NATURAL SOCIETY OF THE FUTURE.

SO THIS WAS ALL ABOUT MARXIST SOCIALISM, NOW WE MOVE ON TO FEATURES OF SOCIALISM WHICH ARE THE FOLLOWING:

# ALL THE PROPERTY AND MEANS OF PRODUCTION BELONG TO THE STATE.

# SOCIAL WELFARE IS THE CHIEF MOTIVATING FORCE BEHIND ALL ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES

# GOVT. IS THE ONLY PRODUCER.

# ALL ECONOMIC DECISIONS ARE TAKEN BY A CENTRAL AUTHORITYUNDER WHOSE GUIDANCE ALL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC GOALS ARE ACHIEVED.

# THERE IS ECONOMIC EQUALITY AS THERE IS EQUAL OPPORTUNITY GIVEN TO EVERY INDIVUAL AND ALSO BCOZ THER IS NO INHERITANCE OF WEALTH AND
PROPERTY.....

[SO THIS WAS ALL ABOUT OUR TOPIC. WE END HERE.... THANK YOU]