Lab Report # 08

NAME:
M. Hamza Abid
Reg.No:
13-ME-93
Section:
“C”
Submitted To:
Hafiz Abdullah Zafar
Objective: Change in boiling point of same fluid at different
pressures

Apparatus: Condensation Unit

Theory Background:

Boiling: Boiling is the rapid vaporization of a liquid, which occurs when a liquid
is heated to its boiling point, the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the
liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding
environmental pressure.

Boing Point: The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which the
vapor pressure of the liquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid and the
liquid changes into a vapor.

Vapor Pressure: Vapor pressure or equilibrium vapour pressure is defined as

the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed
phases (solid or liquid) at a given temperature in a closed system. The equilibrium
vapor pressure is an indication of a liquid's evaporation rate. It relates to the
tendency of particles to escape from the liquid (or a solid). A substance with a high
vapor pressure at normal temperatures is often referred to as volatile.
Vapour: Vapour is a substance in the gas phase at a temperature lower than
its critical point which means that the vapor can be condensed to a liquid by
increasing its pressure without reducing the temperature.

Condensation Unit: It is also an apparatus on which the boiling occurs by

different methods.

Condensation: Condensation is the change of the physical state of matter from

gas phase into liquid phase, and is the reverse of evaporation

Procedure:
1. Switch on the apparatus.
2. Water is heated up to its boiling point.
3. By default, the pressure was set to be atmospheric pressure.
4. Then we will change the pressure and observe what happens.

Observation:
First phase that we observed is the liquid phase. When pressure is decreased, a
disturbance is seen in the fluid. This means by decreasing the pressure the water
boils earlier that’s why it’s difficult to cook at higher altitude. And on increasing
the pressure, the water will boil at the temperature higher than its boiling point an
apparently nothing is visualized on the apparatus; Example is pressure cooker in
which the water does not boil on 100C. If we keep this process going on than the
entire water will boiled and converted in to Vapours.