Final Researchhh

MUNTINLUPA SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL
999 Buendia Street, Brgy. Tunasan, Muntinlupa City
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

2nd Semester S.Y. 2018 – 2019
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS
INTRODUCTION
Background of The Study
This study was conducted to give light to the problem of
Gender Discrimination. Gender Discrimination is a kind of
discrimination that focuses on one’s gender. One of the
problems that researchers saw was the lack of information on
the subject. While searching for sources of information the
researchers have found that most studies and articles lacked
the information on why it’s happening. There was also a lack
of information as to what it does to the people who suffer
through Gender Discrimination and to the victims of the
LGBTQ+ community. The rising popularity of the LGBTQ+
community has made itself a vulnerable subject for the said
problem. The LGBTQ+ community includes all the people who
classify themselves as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender,
Queer, Or a gender they describe themselves as. The
researchers decided to compare the outcome of this study to
the outcomes of other studies. A study conducted by Kelleher
in 2009 mentioned that most victims of Gender Discrimination
Fall under the age range of 16-26 and that most of the victims
weren’t straight meaning they were part of the LGBTQ+
community. The researchers Focused on Three Questions for
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their Research with one primary objective. Those were, “How
do people become vulnerable to gender discrimination”,
“What Victims of Gender Discrimination see in other Victims”,
and “What are the effects of gender discrimination on the
person”. The Primary objective of this study was to Determine
the effects of gender discrimination and give light to the
problem.
Statement of the problem
Gender Discrimination has never been less evident than this
generation. In School the LGBTQ+ community aren’t safe
Thoreson(2017).The problem is not just evident to the given
community, Anyone can be a victim of Gender Discrimination.
Significance of the study
The findings of this study will be for the benefit of the
community. Abolishing the problem of gender discrimination
could lead to healthier community. This study may not directly
solve the problem of gender discrimination but it could into
the hand of someone who is capable of solving the problem
and find a ‘One-size-fits-all’ solution for everyone.
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Theoretical Framework
The Conflict Theory of Sexual Stratification by Collins, R.
(1971) established that as the result of a distinctive system of
stratification by sex, employment discrimination against women is
explained. The fundamental bases of sexual stratification are human
sexual drives in conjunction with male physical dominance.
Generally speaking, women are more disadvantaged by inequality
built by social structures. The Social Theory, which also emphasizes
the widely shared gender stereotypes develop from the gender
division of labour that characterizes a society. In western societies,
men's greater participation in paid positions of higher power and
status and the disproportionate assignment of nurturing roles to
women have created stereotypes that associate agency with men
and communion with women. In addition, the gendered division of
labour gives men and women differentiated skills. In other words,
social theory emphasizes that difference in gender roles leads to
stereotyping between genders. Role Congruity Theory, specified,
that attitudes are less positive toward female than male leaders and
potential leaders. Other consequences are that it is more difficult for
women to become leaders and to achieve success in leadership
roles. Evidence from varied research paradigms substantiates that
these consequences occur, especially in situations that heighten
perceptions of incongruity between the female gender role and
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leadership roles. Through the three theories above the researchers
were able to hypothesize that gender discrimination happens
because of Gender roles set by the society and building stereotypes
set for male and female, if one person didn’t follow that social
structure they will become vulnerable to judgement or harassment
by being different.
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Methodology
Research Design, Population, Locale
The study is a qualitative research design using a survey to
filter out the possible participants for the interview which will
then be used to gather the needed data. It shall be conducted
in Muntinlupa Science High School and will focus solely on the
Grade 11 students of the said school.
Samples, Sampling Technique
The samples were gathered via a pre-survey conducted on the
Grade 11 students of Muntinlupa Science Highschool. The
study limited the participants to 10 students to avoid
repetition from each section and to enable the researchers to
gather information from what people consider as the epitome
of gender discrimination in their classroom.
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Validation of Research Instrument
(Next pages)
Beforehand, the researchers validated their proposed study
through a science teacher Mr. Gerry Adrales together with Mr.
Alex Marcellano which, is a research teacher in Filipino and
lastly Mr. Stephen Bueno who is a Sociology
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Data Gathering Procedure
Beforehand, the researchers validated their proposed study through
a science teacher Mr. Gerry Adrales together with Mr. Alex
Marcellano which, is a research teacher in Filipino and lastly Mr.
Stephen Bueno who is a Sociology
The researchers first started with a pre-survey to determine

the participants for the interview. The researchers gave each
student in each classroom a piece of paper. They were asked
to write down the name of classmates whom they think might
be a victim of gender discrimination. After the survey the
researchers compiled and categorize the results based on their
sections. The names were then listed and the votes were
tallied. The person with the most mentions from each section
shall participate in the interview. Each participant was then
excused and asked if they were willing to participate in the
interview. All of them said yes and the interview was then
conducted. It was 1-1 to ensure that the answers were heard
only by the researchers. The place was also private. The
students were first asked to clarify whether or not they were
actually discriminated. They were asked about their
experiences, what people did to them, how that di that affect
them, and what do they think is the reason why others were
discriminated. Each interview was recorded for references.
After all the interviews were conducted the audio was then
transcribe to clarify the answers of the participants. The
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answers were then coded based on their relevance to the

question and were given a code appropriate for their answers.
Data Analysis
After the interview was conducted, the answers of the
participants were organized per question and their relevance
to the questions of the researchers. The answers were coded
and tallied to find the most repeated pattern of the
participants. The answers with the highest frequency was then
compared to the studies that the researchers saw correlate to
the answers.
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The results of this study could not have been gathered if it
weren’t for the participation of the respondents and their
willingness to answer questions that were possibly sensitive for
them. A thorough analysis of the various answers given by the
respondents who were seen as victims of gender discrimination
which focused on how and why people like them get discriminated.
The Researchers conducted a Pre-survey to filter out possible
respondents for the interview section of the study. The pre-survey
was only used so that the researchers could have an idea on who
might possible be a victim of Gender Discrimination. The researchers
have 4 specific questions in mind that were all answered in the
interview conducted.
Research Question No.1 The basis of judgement of people.
Within this question the researchers asked the participants what
they think is the reason as to why they are judged. The researchers
looked for what do other people base their discrimination on and
what do they think other people who discriminate them see.
Table 1. Basis of judgement
Answer Frequency
- Body Language 6
- Interests 2
- Body Features 1
- Misunderstanding 1
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Research Question No. 2 What victims see are the reasons why
others are being discriminated
For this question the researchers wanted to see what the victims
see. The participants were asked what they see is the reason why
other people are being discriminated.
Table 2. What victims see are the reason why
Answer Frequency
-Different 5
- Exclusion 1
-Body Language 1
-Stereotyping 1
-Vengeance 1
-Nothing 1
Research Question No. 3 The ways in which people are
discriminated.
Table 3 shows the answers by the respondents on question
no. 3 which discusses the different ways these victims can suffer
through gender discrimination. This is important as it is what
directly affects the victim and are the possible ways one can inflict
their plans to discriminate said person
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Table 3.Methods Of Gender Discrimination
Answer Frequency
- Verbal 7
- Cyber 1
- Physical 1
- Mental 1
Total: 10
Research Question No.4 Its Effects of gender discrimination
The last question the researchers had in mind was how their
personal experiences shaped them and affected their lifestyles. This
is important as it shows that gender discrimination does in fact
shape their victims and can easily be a traumatic experience for
anyone that experienced it. Table 4 shows the ways the respondents
were discriminated.
Table 4.Effects of Gender Discrimination

Answer Frequency
-Low Self Esteem 4
-Problem with Socializing 3
-Mental 1
-Not Sure 2
Total: 10
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Discussion of Results
Careful analysis of data gathered through the interview
suggests that Gender Discrimination does in fact exist and has its
impact on the lives of students. The study was limited only to the
students of Muntinlupa Science High School and their Grade 11
batch and specifically on their experiences and their opinions. The
researchers came about with two main reasons as to why the
students were being discriminated, the most dominant effect of
their experiences, and the primary way people discriminate them.
The results of the interview suggested that two reasons why people
get discriminated are both because of their body languages and
their differences in respect to social norms. Both of these correlate
to Kelleher’s study in 2009 that suggested that people should act
accordingly to their gender roles, and Eagly’s social role theory that
suggests that everyone has a given role in society which
encapsulates how they act. One of the participants said that
“Because I'm “boyish” and magaslaw sometimes siga, I have more
guy friends than girls. And I play a lot of sports even basketball” and
“Mukha daw akong bading, yung kilos ko may onting kembot”.
These statements show that they’re body languages is a
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characteristic that they share. The most significant effect that these
experiences leave them was mostly the
reduced self-esteem of the participants in their
environment. A study conducted by Thoreson in
2017 suggested that students who are typically discriminated based
on their gender feel that they’re unsafe. The fact that their self-
esteem has been reduced could be one of the reasons why students
feel like they aren’t safe in the environment they’re in. The most
common way that the participants were discriminated was in a
verbal way. They would describe their experiences with people
mostly calling them names and such.
Conclusion
The purpose of this study was solely to give awareness
about the rising problem of gender discrimination and the methods
used by the researchers were what they deemed the best approach
to a volatile discussion. This study uses a qualitative research design
and is in line with phenomenology. The participants were the grade
11 students of Muntinlupa Science High School. With what the
researchers have found, the varied experiences, the different
methods in which students were being discriminated via their
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gender; it shows that there are major aspects that could directly link
why students are being discriminated based on their gender. In
other words, the researchers linked that the primary reason on why
people get discriminated, based on the respondents, is because of
their
difference. The fact that people are getting discriminated by their
gender because they are different. The researchers have linked this
finding to the Social Role Theory because the researchers concluded
that, the difference the respondents are talking about, are the
different aspects found in certain people that don’t correlate on the
social normality set upon them. In other words, time has changed,
but being different from what society deems to be normal is what
gets people to be discriminated based on their gender. In totality
the researchers concluded that the main reasons why people are
discriminated are both based on their actions and based on the
deviation people have shown. Deviation to what society deems to
be normal. Because society thinks that men are men and women are
women and that’s where it all starts.
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Recommendations
The researchers hope that this study could fall in the hands
of someone who could be willing and capable of eradicating the
problem of gender discrimination. They believe that the social
norms set by the past should no longer be implemented in the
present, and that someone should be able to change what society
deems normal. It is recommended that future researchers need not
to be hesitant when tackling this problem and that additional
respondents and a much diverse community be used in a research
that could be similar to this.
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Appendices
Appendix A. Letter of Validation (next pages)
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Appendix B. Validation of Research Instruments (next pages)
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Appendix C. Raw Transcript of Interview
1. Interviewer: First question; majority of your classmates said you
were judged based on your sexual preference, why do you think so?
Respondent: Dahil sa tingin ko, ang sex ko ay male ngunit kung pano
ako gumalaw ay parang ahh... di naaayon sa aking sex
Interviewer: So number 2; have you ever been discriminated based
on that?
Respondent: Yes
Interviewer: So in what way were you discriminated?
Respondent: Verbal and Social media, cyber ganon
Interviewer: Ok so what are the significant effects on your lifestyle?
Respondent: Low self esteem
Interviewer: Yun lang
Respondent: Yeah
Interviewer: Ok so why do you think people are discriminated?
Respondent: Uhmm... homophobic, di nila gusto, di lang nila talaga
gusto.
Interviewer: Thank you again for your cooperation
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2. Interviewer: Majority of your classmate said you were judged
based on your sexual preference. Why do you think so?
Respondent: Since na fan ako ng Kpop siguro dahil nga dun syempre
simula nung grade 7 yun na tawag sakin hanggang ngayon akala pa
rin nila naganu nako.
Interviewer: Have you ever been actually discriminated based on
that?
Respondent: Hindi pa naman Not actually
Interviewer: Next question, In what way were you discriminated?
Interviewer: Ikaw ba paano ka nadidiscriminate?
Respondent: Siguro yung pangaasar narin yun lang yung alam kong
ginagawa langnila eh, mga pangaasar
Interviewer: Fourth question, what are the significant effects of your
experience on your lifestyle?
Respondent: Wala naman naging effect sakin yung mga
pinaggagagawa nilakasi di ko naman pinapansin
Interviewer: Kahit konti wala?
Respondent: Wala
Interviewer: What do you think is the reason why people are
discriminated?
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Respondent: Siguro kasi parang iba sa kanila tapos parang tingin nila
iba yung tao sa sarili nila parang kinukumpara nila yung sarili nila sa
ibang tao kaya siguro may discrimination na nangyayari
Interviewer: Thank you
3. Interviewer: Question number one, Majority of your classmate
said you were judged based on your sexual preference. Why do you
think so? So we had a pre survey and the results of our pre-survey
suggested that you were one of the people who were judged based
on their sexual preference or based on their gender, so why do think
so?
Respondent: siguro kasi ano…, malambot ako kumilos tapos ano…,
siguro isa narin sa factor na pagiging fan ko ng Kpop which is parang
ang mindset ng tao ay parang pang babae lang ganon
Interviewer: Ok so with number 2, with what you have said, have
you ever been actually discriminated for those very reasons you
have mentioned?
Respondent: ahh oo, dati ah pero ngayon di na masyadokasi mas
lumalawak na yung pagiging fan ng Asian culture parang nagiging
wide nasya and nagiging normal na, noon kasi dornal yan eh, ngayon
parang wide na.
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Interviewer: Ok so how are you discriminated, like in what way were
you discriminated?
Respondent: Ano siguro Inaasar-asar na ano, bading ganyan, parang
verbal ganun pero ok naman siya sakin
Interviewer: What were the significant effects of these experiences
on your lifestyle? Did they change anything?
Respondent: Noon meron parang naging malayo ako sa tao parang
ayaw kong makipagusap kasi parang once nanakipagusap ka
sasabihan ka ng ganun pero sa ngayon kasi pagsinasabihan ako ng
ganyan parang wala nalang sakin kasi alam ko naman sa sarili ko na
di ako ganun, so parang nagkaroon ng effects pero nawala lang din
Interviewer: Last question is, what do you think are the other reason
why people are discriminated?
Respondent: Siguro kasi parang ano, iniisip ng ibang tao na hindi ka
belong sa kanila, parang tingin nila iba ka, parang iniisip nila na hindi
ka pwede makisama samin or di ka kalevel naming ganon, kaya
parang dinidiscriminate nila base sakin ikilos nila or ginagawa nila
pero di nila alam na pagnakaclose na nila dun nila marerealize na
mali pala yun, kasi di naman nila alam yung totoo.
Interviewer: Ok thank you for your time
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4. Interviewer: Ok sir good morning, first question, majority of your
classmates said you were judged based on your sexual preference
why do you think so?
Respondent: Ughh...ok lang magtagalog?
Interviewer: Ok lang
Respondent: Panong sexual preference?
Interviewer: Based on your gender?
Respondent: Ahh... siguro sa pano ko kumilos tsaka siguro dahil sa
pano ko magsalita
Interviewer: Next question; have you ever actually been
discriminated based on that?
Respondent: Oo madalas din since elementary
Interviewer: Next question: in what way were you discriminated?
Respondent: Ahh... ayun kase anlamya ko daw kumilos tapos sabi
nila di raw match yun sa histsura ko
Interviewer: 4th question; what are the significant effects on your
lifestyle?
Respondent: Siguro mas naging mahiyain ako
Interviewer: Last question: why do you think people are
discriminated?
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Respondent: Ahh... dinidiscriminate sila kasi, Yung society natin may
tinatakdang roles para sa every individual, so kunware paglalaki ka
dapatganitokinikilosmo, kapagbabae ka dapatganitokinikilos mo...so
pag di natin namimeet yung gantong mga bagay ahh tapos parang di
tayo sumusunod doon sa patterns na sinet ng society tapos
nadidiscriminate tayo dahil sa di nakasanayan ng lipunan.
Respondent: Because I'm “boyish” and magaslaw sometimes siga, I
have more guy friends than girls. And I play a lot of sports even
basketball
that?
Respondent: Yes, but I only take it as a joke
Interviewer: In what way were you discriminated?
Respondent: They usually call me names
Interviewer: What are the significant effects of your experience on
your lifestyle?
Respondent: It didn't affect me. I am who I am and it's clear to me
that I'm a woman because god created me as one and I love it
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discriminated?
Respondent: Because of the way they move act or speak
Interviewer: Thank you
Respondent: Oo, kasi yung facial feautures ko ganito
that?
Respondent: Oo, kasi ganito ako eh
Respondent: Inaasar nila ako tapos kinocompare ako sa ibang taona
mas ganun sakin
your lifestyle?
Respondent: Binabago ko sarili ko para magustuhan nila
discriminated?
Respondent: aka kasi dahil sa tingin ng iba naiiba yung taong yun
Interviewer: salamat po
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7. Interviewer: Good morning, first question, majority of your
classmate said you were judged based on your sexual preference.
Why do you think so?
Respondent: Pwede ba tagalog?
Interviewer: Pwede po
Respondent: Kasi ano, nagkakaroon ng confusion
Interviewer: Second question, have you ever been actually
discriminated based on that?
Respondent: oo
Interviewer: Third question, In what way were you discriminated?
Respondent: uhhm, Physically and Emotionally
Interviewer: Fourth question, what are the significant effects of your
experience on your lifestyle?
Respondent: Mahihiya tsaka akona parang ako na yung maa-outcast
Interviewer: Last question, what do you think is the reason why
people are discriminated?
Respondent: Reason? Interviewer: Ulitin ko po, ano sa palagay mo
ang rason kung bakit nadi-discriminate yung ibang tao?
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Respondent: Feeling kasi nung iba, iba sila or merong may mali sa
kanila
Interviewer: Thank you po!
Respondent: I believe it is because of my actions
that?
Respondent: yes a lot of times
Respondent: Uhhm, they name called me different names, maybe
judged me based on my physical looks and actions
your lifestyle?
Respondent: So uhm, I tried to cope change, I try to… tina-try ko
minsan mag cope up tinatry ko minsan mag-adapt para sa kanila sa
mga sinasabi nila o kaya sinasabi ko na tinatry kong magbago para
sa kanila
discriminated?
Respondent: A lot of people says nawala naming idi-discriminate
kung walang magpapa-discriminate, pero mas naniniwala ako na ang
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dahilan ng pagkakaroon ng discrimination is really the difference
and sadyang yung mga taong ayon hindi pa kasi nila tanggap ang
mga pagbabago na meron ang mga tao na ang mga tao ay may, di pa
nila tanggap ang pagkakaiba ng isa't-isa.
Interviewer: Thank you po, thank you for your time
Respondent: Una sa lahatkasi ahh, mukha daw akong bading, akala
nila dati bading ako kasi yung kilos ko may onting kembot
that?
Respondent: yes
Respondent: Iniisip nila gay ako, part ako ng LGBT
your lifestyle?
Respondent: Una parang nahihiya na kong makipag-socialize,
syempre discriminated ng ibang tao dahil sa ganon, lagi ka nalang
nasa bahay.
discriminated?
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Respondent: Una sa lahat dahil sa stereotyping na sinasabi ngayon
nila na kapag malambot kumilos tapos may ugaling konting
pagkababae, iniisip na agad nila na gay siya o parte na sya ng LGBT
community.
Interviewer: thank you po!
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Appendix D. Coding Cycle 1
Student Transcript of Interview Code
1st Cycle
Majority of your classmate said you were judged based on your
Q1 sexual preference. Why do you think so?
“Dahil sa tingin ko ang sex ko ay male ngunit
kung pano gumalaw ay parang hindi na ayon sa
S1 aking sex” BODY LANGUAGE
“Since fan ako ng Kpop siguro dahil nga dun
syempre simula nung grade 7 yun na tawag
sakin hanggang ngayon akala pa rin nila na
S2 ganun ako” INTERESTS
“siguro kasi malambot ako kumilos siguro isa
narin sa factor yung pagigingfan ko ng Kpop
which is parang ang mindset ng tao ay parang
S3 pang babae lang” INTERESTS
“Siguro pano ako kumilos at paano ako mag
S4 salita” BODY LANGUAGE
“Because I'm “boyish” and magaslaw
S5 sometimes siga, I have more guy friends than BODY LANGUAGE
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girls. And I play a lot of sports even basketball”
S6 “Oo, kasi yung facial feautures ko ganito” BODY FEATURES
S7 “Nagkakaroon ng confusion” MISUNDERSTANDING
S8 “I believe it is because of my actions” BODY LANGUAGE
“Mukha daw akong bading, yung kilos ko may
S9 onting kembot” BODY LANGUAGE
S10 “Because of the movement” BODY LANGUAGE
Q2 Have you ever been actually discriminated based on that?
S1 Yes YES
S2 “Not actually” NONE
“Oo dati ah pero ngayon di na masyado kasi
mas lumalawak na yung pagiging fan ng Asian
culture parang nagiging wide na siya and
S3 nagiging normal na” YES
S4 Oo madalas din nung elementary YES
S5 “ Yes, but I only take it as a joke” YES
S6 “Oo, kasi ganito ako eh” YES
S7 “oo” YES
S8 “Yes, a lot of times” YES
S9 “yes” YES
S10 “No” NONE
Q3 In what way were you discriminated?
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S1 “Verbal and sa social media more on cyber” CYBER
S2 “Yung pangaasar na rin yun lang yung alam VERBAL
kong ginagawa lang nila eh, mga pangaasar”
“Inaasar-asar na bading ganyan, parang verbal
S3 ganun pero ok naman siya sakin” VERBAL
“ Inaasar nila ako na ang lamya ko daw kumilos
S4 tas yung pagsasalita ko daw” VERBAL
S5 “They usually call me names” VERBAL
“ Inaasar nila ako tapos kinocompare ako sa
S6 ibang tao na mas ganun sakin” VERBAL
S7 “Physically and Emotionally” PHYSICAL
“They name called me different names, maybe
judged me based on my physical looks and
S8 actions” VERBAL
S9 “Iniisip nila gay ako, part ako ng LGBT” NONE
S10 “Calling names” VERBAL
Q4 What are the significant effects of your experience on your lifestyle?
S1 “Low self-esteem” LOW SELF ESTEEM
“Wala naman naging effect sakin yung mga
pinaggagagawa nila kasi di ko naman
S2 pinapansin” NONE
S3 “Noon meron parang naging malayo ako sa tao LOW SELF ESTEEM
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ayaw kong makipagusap kasi parang once na
nakipagusap ka sasabihan ka ng ganun pero sa
ngayon kasi pag sinasabihan ako ng ganyan
parang wala nalang sakin kasi alam ko naman
sa sarili ko na di ako ganun nagkaroon ng
effects pero nawala lang din”
S4 “Mas naging mahiyain ako” LOW SELF ESTEEM
“It didn't affect me. I am who I am and it's clear
to me that I'm a woman because god created
S5 me as one and I love it.” NONE
S6 “ Binabago ko sarili ko para magustuhan nila” MENTAL
S7 “Mahihiya tsaka ako na yung maa-outcast” SOCIALIZING
S8 “Tinatry ko minsan mag-adapt para sakanila” SOCIALIZING
S9 “Parang nahihiya na kongmakipag-socialize” SOCIALIZING
S10 “Low self-esteem” LOW SELF ESTEEM
Q5 What do you think is the reason why people are discriminated?
S1 “Homophobic di lang talaga nila gusto” NONE
“Siguro kasi parang iba sa kanila parang tingin
nila iba yung tao sa sarili nila parang
S2 kinukumpara nila yung sarili nila” DIFFERENT
“Siguro kasi parang iniisip ng ibang tao na hindi
S3 ka belong sa kanila, parang tingin nila iba ka, EXCLUSION
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parang iniisip nila na hindi ka pwede makisama
samin or di ka kalevel naming kaya parang
dinidiscriminate nila base sa kinikilos nila or
ginagawa nila pero di nila alam na
pagnakaclose na nila dun nila marerealize na
mali pala yun”
“Since nga sa society natin may tinatawag na
roles para sa every individual katulad ng
pagbabae ka dapat babae galaw mo so kapag di
nasusunod yon tapos di sumusunod sa patterns
na sinet ng society parang mas
S4 nadidiscriminate.” DIFFERENT
S5 “ Because of the way they move act or speak” BODY LANGUAGE
“Baka kasi dahil sa tingin ng iba naiiba yung
S6 taongyun” DIFFERENT
“Feeling kasi nung iba, iba sila or merong may
S7 mali sa kanila” DIFFERENT
“Di pa kasi nila tanggap ang pagkakaiba ng DIFFERENT/
S8 isa'tisa” ACCEPTANCE
S9 “Stereotyping” STEREOTYPING
S10 “Because they are also discriminated” VENGEANCE
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Appendix E. Definition of Codes
Body language - How one moves and speaks.
Cyber – Discrimination via social media and other platforms.
Exclusion – The act of separating someone from the group
Different – Different in society’s eyes.
Interests – What a person likes.
Low self-esteem – An effect of gender discrimination that lowers
one’s self confidence.
Mental – An effect that takes toll on one’s mental status.
Misunderstanding – The person makes a mistake in identifying
another person.
Physical – Discrimination by physically hurting a person.
Verbal – Discrimination in lingual form.
Socializing – Difficulty in in opening/speaking up in public or to
other people.
Stereotyping – Assuming that one person is a specific character
without any prior knowledge to said person.
Vengeance – The person has also been discriminated before.
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Appendix F. References
-UNISON (2010)
-UNESCO (2017)
-Gender Discrimination comes in many forms for today’s working
women. (Parker and Funk, 2017)
-Minority stress and health: Implications for lesbian, gay, bisexual,
transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) young people (Cathy
Kelleher, 2009)
-Discrimination against LGBT Students in the Philippines (Ryan
Thoreson, 2017
42

“Gender Discrimination on the lives of the 2018-2019 Grade 11
Batch of Muntinlupa Science High School Students”
Bernabe, Aleck Jade F.
Coladilla, Ethan Jeremiah
Patuga, Francisco Jr M.
Alday, Ma. Khrislyn Anne G.
Escopete, Reigne Aubrey A.
43

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
First and foremost, thanks to the God, the Almighty, for His
blessings throughout our research work to complete the research
successfully.
We are at most grateful to our parents for their love,
prayers, caring and sacrifices for educating and preparing us for our
future. This work would not have been possible without their
financial support. Thank you for the unending understanding
throughout the process of our research.
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our
research adviser, Mrs. Ana Liza Canilang, for giving us the
opportunity to do research and providing invaluable guidance
throughout this research. We would also like to thank Mr. Stephen
Bueno for his guidance and suggestions for making our research
much better. To Mr. Henry Canonizado, our class adviser, our
deepest gratitude goes to him for his non-stop guidance and
support.
We are extending our thanks to all the participants and
respondents in this research. Without them, this research wouldn’t
be possible.
Finally, our thanks go to all the people who have supported
us to complete the research work directly or indirectly.
44

ABSTRACT
This paper focuses on the problem of Gender Discrimination

on the Grade 11 students of Muntinlupa Science High School.
Gender discrimination, which is the act of judging and/or mockery
towards people based on what they call gender preference. Most
studies lack the information provided by those who are actually
victims of gender discrimination which is one of the reasons we
decided to do this paper in an unorthodox way.
The study is to be done with the Grade 11 Batch of

Muntinlupa Science High School. The sampling technique used by
researchers was a pre-survey sampling and the number of students
gathered for a 1-to-1 interview were 10, 1 from each class. After the
results were gathered they later then coded and analyzed the
statements in order to provide a strong conclusion regarding the
matter. The questions that were answered by the researchers
pertain to the why’s, what’s, and, who’s of the problem. A short
glimpse of the results suggest that most people who suffer from
gender discrimination are those who are deemed to be different
and those who have a peculiar body language and the most
common side effect of these experiences are the decrease in self-
esteem and difficulty in socializing.
The researchers hope that this study could fall in the hands
of someone who could be willing and capable of finding a solution
for gender discrimination.
45

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page……………………...……….……i
Acknowledgement…………….…….…ii
Abstract……………………….…....…..….iii
Table Contents…….…………..….……..iv
INTRODUCTION
Background Of The
Study………………………………………………………………………………..(1-2)
Statement Of The
Problem………………………………………………………………………………….2
Significance Of The
Study……………………………………………………………………………………..2
Theoretical
Framework………………………………………………………………………….3-4
METHODOLOGY
Research Design, Population,
Locale…………………………………………………………………………………...5
Samples, Sampling
Technique…………………………………………………………………………….5
Validation Of Research
Instrument…………………………………………………………………………6-8
Data Gathering
Procedure……………………………………………………………………(10-11)
Data
Analysis………………………………………………………………………………11
RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS

Results………………………………………………………………………….(12-14)
Discussion…………………………………………………………………….(15-16)
Conclusion…………………………………………………………………….(16-17)
Recommendation……………………………………………………………….18
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A………………………………………………………………….(19-20)
Appendix B………………………………………………………………….(21-24)
Appendix C………………………………………………………………….(25-35)
Appendix D……………………………………………………………….…(36-40)
Appendix E………………………………………………………………………...41
Appendix F………………………………………………………………………...42
46

Letter of Consent
February 15, 2019
Good day!
We would like to conduct an interview about our research
paper entitled “Gender Discrimination on the lives of the 2018-2019
Grade 11 Batch of Muntinlupa Science High School Students.”
Participating in the said interview would help us in our study to
determine the effects of gender discrimination and help fellow
researchers base their study on ours to come up with a solution to
eliminate the said issue. Your cooperation will be highly appreciated
and credit will be given to whom it is due. The confidentiality of the
names are important so in that regard we cannot mention their
names but we assure you that nobody will be forced to participate.
Sincerely yours,
Bernabe, Aleck Jade F.
Coladilla, Ethan Jermiah
Patuga, Francisco Jr. M.
Alday, Ma. Khrislyn Anne G.
Escopete, Reigne Aubrey A.
Noted by:
Dr. Emelita D. Bautista Mrs. Ana Liza C. Canilang

OIC-Principal Research Instructor
47

48

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MUNTINLUPA SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

999 Buendia Street, Brgy. Tunasan, Muntinlupa City

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS

Background of The Study

This study was conducted to give light to the problem of

Gender Discrimination. Gender Discrimination is a kind of

discrimination that focuses on one’s gender. One of the

problems that researchers saw was the lack of information on

the subject. While searching for sources of information the

researchers have found that most studies and articles lacked

the information on why it’s happening. There was also a lack

of information as to what it does to the people who suffer

through Gender Discrimination and to the victims of the

LGBTQ+ community. The rising popularity of the LGBTQ+

community has made itself a vulnerable subject for the said

problem. The LGBTQ+ community includes all the people who

classify themselves as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender,

Queer, Or a gender they describe themselves as. The

researchers decided to compare the outcome of this study to

the outcomes of other studies. A study conducted by Kelleher

in 2009 mentioned that most victims of Gender Discrimination

weren’t straight meaning they were part of the LGBTQ+

community. The researchers Focused on Three Questions for

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS

do people become vulnerable to gender discrimination”,

“What Victims of Gender Discrimination see in other Victims”,

and “What are the effects of gender discrimination on the

person”. The Primary objective of this study was to Determine

the effects of gender discrimination and give light to the

Statement of the problem

Gender Discrimination has never been less evident than this

generation. In School the LGBTQ+ community aren’t safe

Thoreson(2017).The problem is not just evident to the given

community, Anyone can be a victim of Gender Discrimination.

Significance of the study

The findings of this study will be for the benefit of the

community. Abolishing the problem of gender discrimination

could lead to healthier community. This study may not directly

solve the problem of gender discrimination but it could into

the hand of someone who is capable of solving the problem

and find a ‘One-size-fits-all’ solution for everyone.

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS

The Conflict Theory of Sexual Stratification by Collins, R.

(1971) established that as the result of a distinctive system of

stratification by sex, employment discrimination against women is

explained. The fundamental bases of sexual stratification are human

sexual drives in conjunction with male physical dominance.

Generally speaking, women are more disadvantaged by inequality

built by social structures. The Social Theory, which also emphasizes

the widely shared gender stereotypes develop from the gender

division of labour that characterizes a society. In western societies,

men's greater participation in paid positions of higher power and

status and the disproportionate assignment of nurturing roles to

women have created stereotypes that associate agency with men

and communion with women. In addition, the gendered division of

labour gives men and women differentiated skills. In other words,

social theory emphasizes that difference in gender roles leads to

stereotyping between genders. Role Congruity Theory, specified,

potential leaders. Other consequences are that it is more difficult for

women to become leaders and to achieve success in leadership