Relation Between Load, Shear and Moments:

-These relations provide a method constructing shear and moments

diagrams without writing shears and moments equations.
Example 1:
*The Beam loaded consists of two segment joined by a frictionless
hinge at which the bending is zero?

EMh=0
=(5ft)R1-(150lb/ft)(8ft)(4ft)
=(5ft)R1=(150lb/ft)(8ft)(4ft)
=R1=960lb
Shear:
VA=0
VB=0-(150lb/ft)(3ft)
= - 450 lb
VB2= VB+R1
=- 450lb + 960lb/
= 510 lb
VH=510lb-150lb/ft(5ft)
= - 240 lb
VC= - 240lb- 450lb
= - 690 lb

x/510=(5 – x)/240
x= 3.4 ft
Load:
MA=0
MB= -1/2(450lb)(3ft)
=-675 lb
MX= 675 lb+1/2(510ft)(3.4ft)
=192 lb
MH=192 lb – ½(240 lb)(5ft-3.4ft) Therefore, MH is the answer
=0
MC=0- (240lb +690lb)(3)(1/2)
= -1395 lb

Example 2.)
*Find which bending is zero.

EMH=0
=12R1-6000(6)
12R1= 6000(6)
R1= 3000 lb
EMA=0
 =12VH-6000(6)
VH= 3000lb
EMD=0
=12R2-3000(18)-600(12)(6)
12R2=3000(18)+600(12)(6)
R2= 8100 lb
Shears:
VA =0
VB=3000lb
VB2=3000lb-6000lb
= - 3000lb
VH= - 3000lb
VC= - 3000lb +8100lb
= 5100lb
VD=5100lb-400(12)
= - 2100 lb

x/5100=(12-x)/2100
x=8.5 ft

Moments:
MA = 0
MB= 3000lb(6ft)
= 18,000lb*ft
MH= 18,000lb – 3000lb(6ft)
 =0
MC= - 6000(6/2ft)
= - 18,000lb*ft
Mx= - 18,000lb+1/2(5100)(8.5ft)
=3675 lb*ft
MD= 3675 lb*ft- ½(2100)(12-8.5ft)
=3675 lb*ft- ½(2100)(3.5ft)
=0
Example 3.)
*illustrate the graph and find out the load and moment.

Load:
AB= 46kN/2= 23 kN
B= 46 kN + 42 kN
=88 kN, No load at BC
C= 42kN -22kN
=20 kN
CE=(22kN+30kN)(1/4)
=13 kN, 200 at point D
E= (26 kN +30 kN)
=56 kN
EF= 26(1/2)
=13 kN

Moments:
MA= 0
MB=0 – ½ (46)(2)
=-46 kN.m

MC= -46+ 42(1)

=-4 kN.m
MD-= -4 + ½(22)(1.6)
=13.6 kN.m
ME = 13.6 – ½(30)(2.4)
= - 22.4 kN.m
MF= -22.4 +1/2(26)(2)
=3.6 kN.m
Beam Deflection:
-The design of a beam is determines by its rigidity rather than by it’s
strength
-The permissible tolerance are stricted to a maximum deflection to a
maximum deflection of L/360 of their length in order to avoid cracks in the
plaster.

*The proper procedure

1.) Compute Tc/A by using the relations
Tc/A= 1/EI (area)ca * xc
2.) From the relations between similar triangles, determine EF in terms of
Tc/A we obtain.
EF=X/L * Tc/A
3.) Compute Tb/A from the relation
Tb/A= 1/EA (area)ba * xb
4>) Since EF is the sum of d and Tb/A the value of deform is given by d=EF-
Tb/A.
Tc/A/L = E/F/X
Example 1.)
*Compute the midspan value of EI for the beam loaded as shown in fig.
EMr2=0
=6R1-(720N)(3m)(3.5m)
6R1=(720N)(3m)(3.5m)
R1=1260 N

EMr1=0
-6R2+(720N)(3m)(2.5m)
6R2=(720N)(3m)(2.5m)
R2=900 N
EIy”=(1260N)x–1/2(720N)( x- 1)^2 + 1/2(720N)(x – 4)^2
EIy”=(1260N)x– (360N)(x - 1)^2 + (360N)(x – 4) ^2
EIy’=630x^2-180(x – 1)^3 + 180(x – 4)^3 + C1
EIy=210x^3– 45(x–1)^4 + 45(x–4)^3 + C1(x) + C2

A x=0 , y=0, therefore C2=0

0=210(6)^3– 45(6–1)^4 + 45(6–4)^3 + C1(6)+0
C1= - 2932.5 N*m^2

Therefore,
EIy=210x^3– 45(x–1)^4 + 45(x–4)^3 -2932.5(x)
At midspan, x= 3m
EIymidspan= 210(3)^3-45(3-1)^4 + 45(3–4)^3 -2932.5(3)
EIymidspan= -3892.5 N*m^3

thus,= EIymidspan= 3892.5 N*m^3 answer

Example 2.)
*Find the maximum deflection for the cantilever beam loaded as shown
in fig. if the cross section is 50 mm wide by 150 mm high .Use E= 69 GPa

RA= 5kN/m(1m)
= 5kN
MA=5kN(1m)(2.5)
=12.5kN.m
tB/A= 1/EI(Area AB)XB
tB/A= 1 *[(1/2 )(3)(15)(1)- 3(12.5)(1.5) -1/3(1)(2.5)(0.25)](1000)^4
(69,000) [ ( (50) (150^3) )/12]
tB/A= -34.99 mm or – 35 mm
answer is maximum deflection is = 35 mm

Example 3.)
*For the beam in fig. Find the value of EI(deflection) at 2ft from R2.

EMR2 = 0
= 6R1 - 100lb/ft (4ft)(4 ft)
6ftR1= 100lb/ft (4ft)(4 ft)
R1= 266.67 lb
EMR1= 0
= - 6ftR2 + 100(4ft)(2ft)
6ftR2 = 100(4ft)(2ft)
R2 = 133.33 lb

Area:
R1= 266.67 lb (4ft)
R1= 1066.68 lb. ft
R2= 133.33lb (2 ft)
R2=266.67 lb. ft
Full Area: - (133.33 lb)(6ft)= - 799.98 lb. ft or - 800 lb. ft
tA/C = 1/ EI (AreaAC) XA
tA/C = 1/EI [1/2(4ft)(1066.68 lb. ft)(8/3)+1/2 (2ft)(266.67lb.ft)(4ft +2/3)-
1/3(4ft)(800lb.ft)(3)]
tA/C= 3733.37/EI
tB/C= 1/ EI (AreaAC) XB
tB/C=1/EI[1/2 (2)(266.67)(2/3)]
tB/C=177.78 /EI
Ratio proportion:
y/2=(3733.33/EI)/6
y= 1244.44/EI
(deflection)B = y- tB/C
(deflection)B = 1244.44/EI- 177.78/EI
Answer =EI (deflection)B =1066.66 lb. ft^3