Book of Abstracts of International Conference On Thermofluids IX 2017 PDF

IX
Book of Abstracts for 9th International Conference On Thermofluids 2017

BOOK OF ABSTRACTS
9 International Conference On Thermofluids 2017
th
Hotel Inna Garuda, Yogyakarta

Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Jl. Graﬁka No 2, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
email : thermoﬂuid@ugm.ac.id
9-10 November 2017

Supported by:
Pusat Studi Energi Universitas Gadjah Mada
Badan Penerbit dan Publikasi Universitas Gadjah Mada
Book of Abstracts
International Conference on Thermofluids IX 2017
Inna Garuda Hotel Yogyakarta, 9th – 10th November 2017
Published by :
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Faculty of Engineering
Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISBN : 978-602-73461-5-4
This page is intentionally left blank
Book of Abstracts of International Conference on Thermofluids IX 2017
Editor in Chief :
Indro Pranoto, S.T., M.Eng., Ph.D.
ISBN: 978-602-73461-5-4
Editorial Board
Indro Pranoto, S.T., M.Eng., Ph.D.(Editor in Chief)
Prof. Dr. Ir. Indarto, DEA.
Prof. Ir. Samsul Kamal, M.Sc., Ph.D.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ir. Harwin Saptoadi, M.SE.
Dr. I Made Suardjaja, M.Sc., Ph.D.
Ir. Hermawan, M.Si.
Dr. Ir. Prajitno, M.T.
Dr. Ir. Suhanan, DEA.
Ir. Joko Waluyo, M.T., Ph.D.
Dr. Tri Agung Rohmat, B.Eng., M.Eng.
Dr. Deendarlianto, S.T., M.Eng.
Dr. Khasani, S.T., M.Eng.
Dr. Fauzun, S.T., M.T.
Dr. Jayan Sentanuhady, S.T., M.Eng.
Sugiyono, S.T., M.T., Ph.D.
Dr. Adhika Widyaparaga, S.T., M.Biomed.Sc.
Muhammad Agung Bramantya, S.T., M.T., M.Eng., Ph.D.
Akmal Irfan Majid, S.T., M.Eng.
Ardi Wiranata, S.T., M.Eng.
Cover Design dan Layout

Akbar Tetuko Bagaskoro
Penerbit
Departemen Teknik Mesin dan Industri, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada
Redaksi
Jl. Grafika No.2 Yogyakarta 55281
Tel/Fax: (0274)521673
Email : thermofluid@ugm.ac.id
Cetakan pertama, November 2017

Hak cipta dilindungi undang-undang
Dilarang memperbanyak karya tulis ini dalam bentuk dan dengan cara apapun tanpa izin tertulis dari
penerbit.
i
Scientific Committee
Prof. Indarto (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Prof. Samsul kamal (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Prof. Harwin Saptoadi (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Prof. Emilio Baglietto (Massachusets Institute of Technology, USA)
Dr.-Ing. Gustavo Montoya (Massachusets Institute of Technology, USA)
Assoc. Prof. Leong Kai Choong (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore)
Asst. Prof. Marcos (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore)
Assoc. Prof. Chong Wen Tong (University of Malaya, Malaysia)
Ricardo Da Soghe, Ph.D. (Energon Research Centre, Italy & ASME)
Prof. Agus Pulung Sasmito (McGill University, Canada)
Prof. Tetsuya Suekane (Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan)
Dr.-Ing. Marco Jose da Silva (Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Brazil)
List of Reviewers
Prof. Indarto (UGM) Dr . Nugroho Agung Pambudi (Kyushu Univ, Japan)
Prof. Harwin Saptoadi (UGM) Prof. Nandy Putra (UI)
Prof. Samsul Kamal (UGM) Prof. Budiarso (UI)
Prof. Akimaro Kawahara (Kumamoto Univ., Japan) Prof. Danardono A Sumarsono (UI)
Prof. Nobumasha Sekishita (Toyohashi Univ, Japan) Prof. Triyogi Yuwono (ITS)
Prof. Tetsuya Suekane (TIT, Japan) Prof. Sutardi (ITS)
Prof. Muhammad Azis (TIT, Japan) Prof. Djatmiko Ichsani (ITS)
Prof. Agus Pulung Sasmito (McGill Univ, Canada) Prof. Dwi Aries Himawanto (UNS)
Prof. Masamichi Kohno (Kyushu Univ, Japan) Prof. Arief Budiman (UGM)
Prof. Henry Nasution (UTM, Malaysia) Prof. Wahyudi Budi Sediawan (UGM)
Dr. Gustavo Montoya (MIT, USA) Dr. Prajitno (UGM)
Dr. Marco Jose da Silva (UTFPR, Brazil) Dr. Sutrisno (UGM)
Dr. Lokman Aziz Abdulkareem (HZDR, Germany) Dr. Suhanan (UGM)
Dr. Hutomo Suryo Wasisto (TU Braunschweig, Germany) Dr. Khasani (UGM)
Dr. Jundika Candra Kurnia (UTP, Malaysia) Dr. Joko Waluyo (UGM)
Dr. Cary Turangan (IHPC, Singapore) Dr. Tri Agug Rohmat (UGM)
Dr. Tandiono (IHPC, Singapore) Dr. Agung Tri Wijayanta (UNS)
Dr. Deendarlianto (UGM) Dr. Syamsul Hadi (UNS)
Dr. Jayan Sentanuhady (UGM) Dr. Wawan Aries Widodo (ITS)
Dr. Sugiyono (UGM) Dr. M. Syamsiro (Univ. Janabadra)
Dr. Fauzun (UGM) Dr. Pranowo (UAJY)
Dr. Adhika Widyaparaga (UGM) Dr. Wayan Nata Septiadi (Univ. Udayana)
Dr. Indro Pranoto (UGM) Dr. Ismail (Univ. Pancasila)
Dr.. M. Agung Bramantya (UGM) Dr. Zainal Arifin (UNY)
Dr. Wiratni Budhijanto (UGM) Anindityo Patmonoaji, M.Eng. (TIT, Japan)
Dr. Muhammad Mufti Azis (UGM) Adrian Rizki Irhamna, M.T. (ITB)
Dr. Teguh Ariyanto (UGM) Irfan Aditya Dharma, M.Eng. (UII)
Dr. Waskito Nugroho (UGM) Akmal Irfan Majid, M.Eng. (UGM)
Dr. Rachmawan Budiarto (UGM) Ardi Wiranata, M.Eng. (UGM)
Dr. Anhar Riza Antariksawan (BATAN) Arif Widyatama, M.Eng. (UGM)
Dr. Topan Setiadipura (BATAN) Aufaclav Frisky, M.Sc. (UGM)
Dr. Nasruddin (UI) Hanifrahmawan Sudibyo, M.Eng. (UGM)
Dr. Harinaldi (UI) Ikhsan Setiawan, M.Si. (UGM)
Dr. Warjito (UI) Fitrotun Aliyah, M.Eng. (UGM)
Dr. Iman K Reksowardojo (ITB) Yano Surya Pradana, M.Eng. (UGM)
Dr. Toto Hardianto (ITB) Yosephus Ardean KP, M.Eng. (UGM)
Dr. Pandji Prawisudha (ITB)
ii
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
Steering Committee
Prof. M. Noer Ilman (Head of Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, UGM)
Prof. Indarto (Professor in Fluid Dynamics & Energy Conversion, UGM)
Prof. Harwin Saptoadi (Professor in Energy Conversion, UGM)
Prof. Samsul Kamal (Professor in Heat and Mass Transfer, UGM)
Dr. Tri Agung Rohmat (Head of Energy Conversion Lab., UGM)
Dr. Adhika Widyaparaga (Head of Fluid Mechanics Lab., UGM)
Dr. Joko Waluyo (Head of Heat & Mass Transfer Lab., UGM)
Dr. Deendarlianto (Director of Center for Energy Studies UGM)
Dr. Jayan Sentanuhady (Head of Innovation Center for Automotive UGM)
Chair
Dr. Indro Pranoto
Vice-Chair
Akmal Irfan Majid, S.T., M.Eng.
Publication and Proceeding

Dr. Adhika Widyaparaga
Ardi Wiranata, S.T, M.Eng.
Sponsorship & Fund Raiser

Dr. Joko Waluyo
Dr. Jayan Sentanuhady
ii
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE (STUDENT)
Executive Coordinator Event Planner

Muhammad Khautal Ardi Faisal Adinegoro
Nicholas Crhistian
Mevrindo Al Fiqie
Vice Coordinator
Handoko Prasetyo Public Relation
Ivan Chaijaya
Executive Treasurer Decoration and Documentation

Lyoni F. Malau Untara Vivi Cahya
Andhira Jyesta Lalita Hardya Prasetyo Putro
Akbar Tetuko Bagaskoro
Secretariat
Muhammad Djabbar Yulianto Sponsorship
Avyattana Akmal Abdat
Dimas Rengga Dhika Dixiana
Syifa Nur Wakhidah Refindo Putra
Rajendra Aryasena
Fajar Fitriani Equipment
Riko Aulia Rachman Wiandra Alif Audi
M. Deni Shafrisar Mirsalurriza Mukhajjalin
Muhammad Irsyad
Advisors
Arif Widyatama, S.T., M.Eng.
Ivan Chaijaya
iii
Foreword from The Chairman
Almost all major industries, such as petroleum (oil and gas industries), power plant, geothermal,
food, automotive, manufacturing have been relying on thermal physics and fluid mechanics as
their basic insight on the industrial processes, both partially or even entirely. A better
understanding on the knowledge of thermofluids will be useful to analyze the problems in flow
transportation system, energy flow, also heat and mass transfer during the industrial process.
Currently, the competition in the industrial world is tightening, which demands engineers and
scientists to work extra hard to solve and make breakthroughs in the complex world of thermal
physics and fluid mechanics. For Indonesia, as a developing country which still depend on oil and
gas fuels but has huge potential of geothermal reserves, to survive in the international industrial
competition, our engineers must push and think out of the box. For this to be accomplished, a
developing and improvement process in this object is needed.
On 9th -10th November 2017, the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering of
Universitas Gadjah Mada will hold International Conference on Thermofluids IX 2017. From this
conference, it is expected that all parties that learn, develop, and apply engineering sciences,
especially in the field of thermal and fluids engineering to support the research and development
in the field. Researchers, engineers, and Indonesian academics can communicate and share their
research and experiences during the event.The conference is organized by Department of
Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada and
has been conducted annually since 2009.
On behalf of the committee, I would like to express our outmost gratitude to all who have made
The International Conference on Thermofluids IX 2017. We have received numerous
contributions for this conference encompassing research and developments of in Energy
Conversion, Energy Management and Policy, Energy Efficiency, Fluid Mechanics, Phase
Change, Combustion Engineering, Energy Harvesting Systems, Multiphase Flow, Photovoltaics,
Biofuels, Renewable Energy, Heat and Mass transfer, Automotive Engineering. We thank all the
Authors, Reviewers, Moderators, and participants for their contribution.
We would also like to express our appreciation to our distinguished keynote speakers: Dr.
Deendarlianto from Universitas Gadjah Mada, Professor Masahiro Takei from Chiba University,
Dr. Henry Pariaman, S.T., M.T. (Chief of Technology PT Pembangkitan Jawa Bali Indonesia)
and Dr. Thomas Höhne from Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf.
The support of Universitas Gadjah Mada were essential to this event. For this, the committee are
very grateful.
Finally this event would not be possible without the tireless efforts of the committee members
who have worked hard as a team. We hope that this event will further stimulate research in thermal
and fluids engineering. Welcome and enjoy Yogyakarta, the city of education and culture.
Dr. Indro Pranoto

Committee Chairman
iv
Program and Presentation Shcedules
9th International conference of Thermofluid 2017
Thursday, November 9th 2017 GMT +7 (WIB)
07.00-08.00 : Registration
08.00-08.25 : Opening
08.25-08.40 : Photo Session
08.40-08.55 : Coffee Break
08.55-11.55 : Keynote Speakers Presentation
08.55-09.00 : Opening by Moderator
09.00-09.35 : Presentation by Dr. Thomas Höhne
(Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf,Germany)
09.35-09.40 : Question and Answer Session
09.40-09.45 : Transition
09.45-10.20 : Presentation by Dr. Deendarlianto
(Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
10.30-11.05 : Presentation by Prof. Masahiro Takei
(Chiba University, Japan)
11.15-11.50 : Presentation by Dr. Henry Pariaman, S.T., M.T.
(Chief of Technology PT Pembangkitan Jawa Bali Indonesia)
12.00-13.00 : Lunch Break
13.00-14.30 : Parallel Session
14.30-15.15 : Coffee Break
15.15-16.45 : Parallel Session (continue)
16.45-17.30 : Announcement and Closing
v
Parallel Session Schedules
Room A (Glagah)
Track :Heat Mass Transfer and Phase Change (HT)

Session 1 : 13.00 – 14.30
Session 2 : 15.15 – 16.45
Chairpersons :
Session 1: Dr. Suhanan
Session 2: Dr. Fauzun
TIME
CODE PAPER
(GMT +7)
Optimization of Wire Drawing Die's Cooling System

13.00 - 13.15 HT1
Ekadewi A. Handoyo, Antonio Hazman
Effect of Compressor Discharge Cooling Using

Condensate on Performance of Residential Air
13.15 - 13.30 HT2 Conditioning System
K. Sumeru, Cecep Sunardi, M.F. Sukri
The Effects of Liquid-Suction Heat Exchanger on the

Performance of a Split Air Conditioner under Various
13.30 - 13.45 HT3 Evaporating Temperature
Andriyanto Setyawan
Preliminary Investigation of Wickless-Heat Pipe as

Passive Cooling System in Emergency Cooling Tank
13.45 - 14.00 HT4
Mukhsinun Hadi Kusuma, Nandy Putra, Anhar
Riza Antariksawan, Mulya Juarsa, Surip Widodo,
Tanti Ardiyati
Simulation of the Effect of the Condensing

Temperature on the Performance of a Split AC with R-
14.00 - 14.15 HT5 410a under Constant Cooling Capacity
Andriyanto Setyawan, Tandi Sutandi, Faldian
vi
The Effects of the Condenser Pressure Drop on the
Cooling Performance of an Air Conditioning Unit
14.15 – 14.30 HT6 using R-410A
Cecep Sunardi, Markus, Andriyanto Setyawan
14.30 – 15.15 Coffee and Pray Break
Simulation and validation of PCM melting in

concentric double pipe heat exchanger
Joko Waluyo, Fajar Anggara, Tri Agung Rohmat ,

15.15 - 15.30 HT7
Indro Pranoto, Fauzun, Suhanan, Muhammad
Nadjib , Pathur Razi Ansyah
Thermal Behavior of Melting Paraffin Wax Process in

Cylindrical Capsule by Experimental Study
15.30 - 15.45 HT8 Joko Waluyo , Pathur Razi Ansyah, Suhanan,

Muhammad Najib , Fajar Anggara
Effect of Refrigerant Charge Variation of R32 as Drop-

in Replacement for R22 in Air Conditioning System
15.45 - 16.00 HT9
Triaji P. Pramudantoro, Edi Sukamto, K. Sumeru,
Ade Suryatman Margana, M.F. Sukri
Study on the Heat Transfer Enhancement of Double

Pipe Concentric Heat Exchanger Enhancement Using
Twisted Tape And Nano-Fluids
16.00 - 16.15 HT10
Risdian Harsanta Putra, Suhanan, Ardi Wiranata,
Yosephus Ardean Kurnianto Prayitno,
Muhammad Reza Pradecta
Improvement Performance of The Double-Concentric

16.15 - 16.30 HT11 Pipes Heat Exchanger using Twisted Tape Insertions
and Nanofluids TiO2/TermoXT 32
vii
Yosephus Ardean Kurnianto Prayitno, Ardi
Wiranata, Muhammad Reza
Pradecta, Muhammad Vega Adhi Nugraha,
Suhanan
Experimental Performance of Adsorption Chiller with

Fin and Tube Heat Exchanger
16.30 – 16.45 HT12
A. Taufan, E. Djubaedah, A. Manga, Nasruddin
Room B (Kukup)
Track :Multiphase Flow (MF)

Session 1 : 13.00 – 14.30
Session 2 : 15.15 – 16.45
Chairpersons :
Session 1: Dr. M. Agung Bramantya
Session 2: Dr. Khasani
TIME
CODE PAPER
(GMT +7)
Visualization Study on Oil-Water Separation

Phenomena in a Liquid-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone
(LLCC) Separator
13.00 - 13.15 MF1
Irfan Aditya Dharma, Adhika Widyaparaga, Indro
Pranoto, Khasani
INTERFACIAL MOMENTUM AND TWO-PHASE

TURBULENCE OF THE MULTIGROUPS TWO-
13.15 - 13.30 MF2 PHASE BUBBLY FLOW
Dewanto Saptoadi
Visualization Study in the Transition Flow Pattern of

Stratified to Slug Flow of Air-Water Two Phase Flow
in a Horizontal Pipe
13.30 - 13.45 MF3
Andinusa Rahmandhika, Okto Dinaryanto, Arif
Widyatama, Akhmad Zidni Hudaya, Indarto,
Deendarlianto
viii
The Characteristics of the Pressure Gradient Air-Water
Stratified Two-Phase Flow in Horizontal Pipes
13.45 - 14.00 MF4
Yori Milzam Alqoshmal, Akhmad Zidni Hudaya,
Okto Dinaryanto, Arif Widyatama, Deendarlianto,
Indarto
Experimental Study on The Characteristics of Flow

Pattern Transitions of Air-Water Two-Phase Flow in A
Horizontal Pipe
14.00 - 14.15 MF5
Faris Humami¸Okto Dinaryanto, Akhmad Zidni
Hudaya, Arif Widyatama, Indarto, Deendarlianto
Induced Oil Droplet Coalescence Influence on

Watercut Improvement of Liquid-Liquid Cylindrical
Cyclone (LLCC) Oil-Water Separator
14.15 – 14.30 MF6
Adhika Widyaparaga, Muhamad Hanif
Ramadhan, Fakhri Ilham Faza, Reyhandy Bayu A
R, Naufal Imaduddin, Dyah Pribandaru N, Gilang
Prasetya Adi
Experimental Study of Interfacial Friction Factor on

the Air-Water Stratified Two-Phase Flow in a
Horizontal Pipe
15.15 - 15.30 MF7
Akhmad Zidni Hudaya,Okto Dinaryanto, Arif
Widyatama, Indarto, Deendarlianto
The Characteristics of the Sub Regime of Slug Flow in

16 mm Horizontal Pipe
15.30 - 15.45 MF8
Okto Dinaryanto, Arif Widyatama,
MayaPrestinawati, Indarto, Deendarlianto
Oxygen/Nitrogen Bubbles in Flotation Deinking using

a Commercial Surfactant and Fatty Acid of Morinda
citrifolia L
15.45 - 16.00 MF9
Trismawati,I.N.G.Wardana, Nurkholis Hamidi,
Mega Nur Sasongko
ix
The dynamics behavior of successive multiple droplets
impacting onto hot surface under high concentration of
ethylene glycol aquades solution
16.00 - 16.15 MF10
Teguh Wibowo, Arif Widyatama, Samsul Kamal,
Indarto, Deendarlianto
The effect of liquid viscosity to the gas-liquid two-

phase flow pattern in horizontal mini-channel
16.15 - 16.30 MF11
Sudarja, Farid Jayadi, Indarto, Deendarlianto,
Adhika Widya Paraga
The Effect of Horizontal Pipe Length to the Onset of

Flooding Position on the Air-water Counter current
Two-phase Flow in a 1/30 Scale of Pressurized Water
Reactor (PWR)
16.30 – 16.45 MF12
Apip Badarudin, Sinung Tirtha P., Yulia Venti Y.,
Marcellinus Sindhu H., Samuel, Radhi Ariawan,
Room C (Baron)
Track : Renewable Energy and Energy Harvesting (RE)

Session 1 : 13.00 – 14.30
Session 2 : 15.15 – 16.45
Chairpersons :
Session 1: Dr. Indraswari Kusumaningtyas
Session 2: Ardi Wiranata M.Eng.
TIME
CODE PAPER
(GMT +7)
Study The Potential of Wind Energy in East Sumba,

South East Nusa, Indonesia
13.00 - 13.15 RE1
Harry Indrawan, Almas Aprilana
The Effect of Oxidation of Biodiesel B100 in Deposit

13.15 - 13.30 RE2
Formation On Specific Temperature
x
Suryantoro M.T, Sugiarto B., YubaidahS , Attharik
M.I
Thermodynamics Analysis of Single-Flash Wellhead

Geothermal Power Plant at Jailolo Field, Halmahera
13.30 - 13.45 RE3
Khasani
The Potency of Biohydrogen and Biomethane

Utilizations as Electricity Supply from Two Steps of
POME fermentation Process based on Economic
13.45 - 14.00 RE4 Analysis analysis of 1 m3 Biohythane System
Prima Zuldian, Zulaicha Dwi Astuti, S.D Sumbogo

Murti, Adiarso
The Structured and Unstructured CFD Characteristic

Studies of 3-D Backward Wind Turbine Blades
14.00 - 14.15 RE5
Sutrisno, Deendarlianto, Tri Agung Rohmat,
Indarto, Setyawan B.W, Sigit Iswahyudi, A.
Dhanu, and Djatmiko
Utilization Distillate Low Grade Bioethanol as Fuel

Mixing on SI Engine (From Carburetor to Injection)
14.15 – 14.30 RE6
Setia Abikusna, Bambang Sugiarto, Ratna
Monasari
Study On Low Cost Methanol Production Utilizes

Syngas of Biomass
15.15 - 15.30 RE7 Joni Prasetyo, Astri Pertiwi, SD Sumbogo Murti,

Tyas Puspitarini, Nurdiah Rahmawati, Fusia
Mirdayanti, Adiarso, Shirota R, Yuta Sudo,Reiji
Noda
Study on the Activities of Indonesian Clay as Catalyst

15.30 - 15.45 RE8
for Biomass Gasification
xi
Yuta SUDO, SD Sumbogo Murti, SUN Yan, Imron
Masfuri, Novio Valentino, Atti Sholihah, Adiarso,
Reiji NODA
Metal Detection Sensor Using Energy Harvesting

Power Source
15.45 - 16.00 RE9
Kyoo Nam Choi
Experimental Investigation of Vitamin C Yield of

Tomatoes and Vitamin C Essence by Spray Drying and
Dehumidifying The Drying Air: Product Quality and
16.00 - 16.15 RE10
Energy Consumption
E A Kosasih, M Rafdi, Firdaus
The Near Wake Interference Effect on the Performance

of Counter-rotating Wind Turbine (CRWT)
16.15 - 16.30 RE11
Verdy A. Koehuan, Sugiyono, Samsul Kamal
Room D (Parangkusumo)
Track : Fluid Dynamics (FD)

Session 1 : 13.00 – 14.30
Session 2 : 15.15 – 16.45
Chairpersons :
Session 1: Dr. Sugiyono
Session 2: Prof. Indarto
TIME
CODE PAPER
(GMT +7)
Numerical Analysis of Plasma Actuator for Drag

Reduction and Lift Enhancement on NACA 4415
Airfoil
13.00 - 13.15 FD1
Fadli C. Megawanto, Harinaldi, Budiarso, James
Julian
xii
RPIM Meshless method for Numerical Solution of
Natural Convection in Porous Square Cavity
13.15 - 13.30 FD2
Pranowo, Albertus Joko Santoso
Drag Reduction Analysis of Wing Airfoil E562 with

Forward Wingtip Fence at Cant Angle Variations of 75
Degree and 90 Degree
13.30 - 13.45 FD3
Setyo Hariyadi S.P, Sutardi，Wawan Aries
Widodo
The Application of Digital Image Analysis to Study the

Characteristic of Bubble Size Distribution Produced by
Orifice Type Microbubble Generator
13.45 - 14.00 FD4
Wibawa Endra Juwana, Wibawa Endra Juwana,
Arif Widyatama, Akmal Irfan Majid,Wiratni,
Online Electrical Measurement for Thrombus

Detection in Circulation Flow Path
14.00 - 14.15 FD5
Madoka Koishi, Daisuke Kikuchi, Jianping Li,
Masahiro Takei
Backward Phenomenon on Natural Circulation Flow

Based on Power Differences in FASSIP-01 Loop
14.15 – 14.30 FD6
Mulya Juarsa, Anhar R. Antariksawan, Surip
Widodo,M. Hadi Kusuma, Agus Nur Rohman,
Giarno
A Simple Finite Volume Scheme for Subcritical

Shallow Water Flows on Staggered Grids
15.15 - 15.30 FD7
Sudi Mungkasi, Bambang Supriyadi
Fundamental Research on Velocity Distribution

15.30 - 15.45 FD8 Imaging by Electrical Capacitance Tomography for
Blood Flow
xiii
Hiroyuki Oshima, Yusuke Hirose, Daisuke
Kawashima, Yoshiyuki Yamane, Yuhi Tanaka,
Masahiro Takei
An Investigation into the Use of GAMA Water Tunnel

for Visualization of Vortex Breakdown on the Delta
Wing
15.45 - 16.00 FD9
Sutrisno, Tri Agung R., Zainuri A., Firdaus R.S.,
Reza Mahardika, Wega F.N
OPTIMIZATION OF SUPERSONIC SEPARATION

(3S) DESIGN USING RAIN WATER ALGORITHM
16.00 - 16.15 FD10
Totok R. Biyanto, Gabriella P. Dienanta, Tita O.
Angrea, Intan T. Utami, Lilik Ayurani, M. Khalil,
Ade S. Nugroho,Titania N. Bethiana
An Experimental Study on the Performance of Venturi

Microbubble Generator with Inlet Angle 20o and Outlet
12o
16.15 - 16.30 FD11
Akmal Irfan Majid,Fellando Martino
Nugroho,Wibawa Endra Juwana, Wiratni
Budhijanto, Deendarlianto
Sloshing Analysis of the Independent Tank Type C

Due to the LNG Ship Motions Using Computational
16.30 – 16.45 FD12 Fluid Dynamic
Aries Sulisetyono
xiv
Room E (Parangtritis)
Track : Combustion and Energy Conversion (EC)

Session 1 : 13.00 – 14.30
Session 2 : 15.15 – 16.45
Chairpersons :
Session 1: Dr. Tri Agung Rohmat
Session 2: Dr. Jayan Sentanuhady
TIME
CODE PAPER
(GMT +7)
Coal Combustion Characteristic In Vibrating Grate

Stoker Simulator
13.00 - 13.15 EC1
Taopik Hidayat, Cahyadi, Yulianto S Nugroho
Hydraulic Network Analysis on Manifold with CFD

and Discrete Modelling, Case Study: A Prevention of
Fuel Over Flow in Primary Reformer
13.15 - 13.30 EC2
Cholila Tamzysi, Sutijan, Rochmadi, Tri Agung
Rohmat
Multistage Turbine Gas Performance Prediction using

Computational Fluid Dynamic
13.30 - 13.45 EC3
Putra Adnan Fadilah, M.Agoes Moelyadi
The Effects of Flow Straightener Inclination to

Distribution on Flue Gas Flow
13.45 - 14.00 EC4
Dewi Puspitasari, Pramadhony, Ellyanie, Marwani
Integrated Analysis of the Excess Air on Steam Power

Plant CFB Boiler Using Mathematical and CFD
Modeling
14.00 - 14.15 EC5
Hariyotejo Pujowidodo, Ahmad Indra
Siswantara,Asyari Daryus, Gun Gun Ramdlan
Gunadi
Problem solving on high unburned carbon losses at

Ombilin Steam Powerplant Used Dirty Air Test and
14.15 – 14.30 EC6 Isokinetic Coal Sampling
Eko Supriyanto, Odi Sefriadi, Nurcahyo
xv
Performance of Water Hammer Protection Systems in

Pumping Station of Water Supply Utility, PT. PDAM
15.15 - 15.30 EC7 Surabaya
Firdaus Z. Nugraha, Nur Ikhwan
Field Performance Measurement of Small-Scale

Three-Dimensional (3-D) Wind Turbines
15.30 - 15.45 EC8
Sutrisno, Sigit Iswahyudi, Setyawan Bekti Wibowo,
Widia Kartika, Fadhil Qomar
Experimental Study Effect of Flange Addition on

Mechanical Power of Diffuser Augmented Counter
Rotating Wind Turbine
15.45 - 16.00 EC9
Hermawan, M. A. Bramantya, Nur Kholis Majid,
Andre Febrianto
Study on Utilization of Gas Exhaust Diesel Power

Generation For Micro Turbine Organic Rankine Cycle
16.00 - 16.15 EC10 (ORC)
Almas Aprilana, Harry Indrawan
Turbulence Model and Validation of Air Flow in

Crossflow Turbine Nozzle
16.15 - 16.30 EC11
Hariyotejo Pujowidodo, Ahmad Indra Siswantara,
Budiarso, Gun Gun R Gunadi, and Asyari Daryus
Experimental Study of The Effect of Diffuser Length

to Mechanical Power Generated by Counter Rotating
Wind Turbine With Variation of Addition of Inlet
16.30 – 16.45 EC12 Nozzle
M. A. Bramantya, Hermawan, Andre Febrianto,

Nur Kholis Majid
xvi
Room F (Samas)
Track : Thermodynamics and Energy Conversion (TD)

Session 1 : 13.00 – 14.30
Session 2 : 15.15 – 16.45
Chairpersons :
Session 1: Dr. Adhika Widyaparaga
Session 2: Dr. I Made Miasa
TIME
CODE PAPER
(GMT +7)
Comparison Of Steam Losses Between Mechanical,

Thermostatic And Thermodynamic Steam Trap With
Condensate Removal Device Brand Steampro
13.00 - 13.15 TD1
Amor Candrasa Nur Nawaksa, Rosyida
Permatasari
Multi-Objective Optimization of a Herringbone Wavy

Fin-and-Tube Condenser Design Using Entropy
13.15 - 13.30 TD2 Generation Minimization Method
Matheus M. Dwinanto, Suhanan,Prajitno
Preliminary Investigation of Natural Circulation

Stability in FASSIP-01 Experimental Facility using
RELAP5 Code
13.30 - 13.45 TD3
Anhar R. Antariksawan, Surip Widodo, Mulya
Juarsa, Giarno,M. Hadi Kusuma, Nandy Putra
Meshless Radial Basis Function Simulation of Natural

Convection in a Trapezoidal Cavity Heated from
Below
13.45 - 14.00 TD4
Eko Prasetya Budiana, Indarto, Deendarlianto,
Pranowo
The Performance Comparison Between Stack from

14.00 - 14.15 TD5 Coconut Fibre and Plastic in Thermo-acoustics
Refrigeration
xvii
Muhamad Yulianto, Edy Hartulistiyoso, Jamhari
Abidin
Influence of Evaporator Temperature and Condenser

Temperature on Organic Rankine Cycle Efficiency
14.15 – 14.30 TD6
Muswar M, M. IdrusAlhamid, Nasruddin, Dieter R,
Zaky S, Edi M
Experimental Study on Performance of Standing-Wave

Thermoacoustic Engine at Different Tilted Angles and
Resonator Length
15.15 - 15.30 TD7
Rinasa Agistya Anugrah, Adhika Widyaparaga, I
Made Miasa, Joko Waluyo, Sugiyanto
Influence of Stack Porosity on Performance and

Adsorption Incidental in Close-Open Thermoacoustic
Engine
15.30 - 15.45 TD8
Eddy S. Sijabat, Adhika Widyaparaga, Joko
Waluyo, Samsul Kamal, Sugiyanto
The Experimental Study of Influence of Resonator

Length on the Standing Wave Thermoacoustic Engine
15.45 - 16.00 TD9
FranidoPrihandoto, AdhikaWidyaparaga, Joko
Waluyo, Sugiyanto
Effects of Barrel Length and Diameter Ratio to Jet

Diffusion Flame of Dimethyl Ether and Liquefied
Petroleum Gas
16.00 - 16.15 TD10
I Made K.Dhiputra, Riesta Anggarani, Lutfi Aulia,
Dimitri Rulianto
Performance of Residential Air Conditioning Using

Nanoparticles as Additive in the Synthetic Lubricant
16.15 - 16.30 TD11
Tandi Sutandi, K. Sumeru,R. Imbang Tritjahjono,
M.F. Sukri
xviii
Contents
Editorial Board …….………...…………… ............................................................................ i

Foreward from The Chairman ………………........................................................................... iv
Program and Presentation Schedule ......................................................................................... v
Parallel Session Schedules..................................... ............................................................. ...... vi
Contents ............... ................................................. ................................................................... xix
I. HEAT MASS TRANSFER AND PHASE CHANGE
1. Optimization of Wire Drawing Die's Cooling System
Ekadewi A. Handoyo, Antonio Hazman 2
2. Effect of Compressor Discharge Cooling Using Condensate on Performance of

Residential Air Conditioning System
K. Sumeru, Cecep Sunardi, M.F.Sukr 3
3. The Effects of Liquid-Suction Heat Exchanger on the Performance of a Split Air

Conditioner under Various Evaporating Temperature
Andriyanto Setiawan 4
4. Preliminary Investigation of Wickless-Heat Pipe as Passive Cooling System in
Emergency Cooling Tan
Mukhsinun Hadi Kusuma, Nandy Putra, Anhar Riza Antariksawan, Mulya Juarsa, 5
Surip Widodo, Tanti Ardiyati
5. Simulation of the Effect of the Condensing Temperature on the Performance of a

Split AC with R-410a under Constant Cooling Capacity
Andriyanto Setyawan, Tandi Sutandi, Faldian 6
6. The Effects of the Condenser Pressure Drop on the Cooling Performance of an
Air Conditioning Unit using R-410A
Cecep Sunardi, Markus, Andriyanto Setyawan 7
7. Simulation and validation of PCM melting in concentric double pipe heat
exchanger
Fajar Anggara, Joko Waluyo, Tri Agung Rohmat, Muhammad Nadji, Pathur Razi 8
Ansyah
8. Thermal Behavior of Melting Paraffin Wax Process in Cylindrical Capsule by

Experimental Study
Pathur Razi Ansyah, Joko Waluyo , Suhanan, Muhammad Najib, Fajar Anggara 9
xix
9. Effect of Refrigerant Charge Variation of R32 as Drop-in Replacement for R22
in Air Conditioning System
Triaji P. Pramudantoro, Edi Sukamto, K. Sumeru, Ade Suryatman Margana, M.F. 10
Sukri
10. Study on the Heat Transfer Enhancement of Double Pipe Concentric Heat
Exchanger Enhancement Using Twisted Tape And Nano-Fluids
Risdian Harsanta Putra, Suhanan, Ardi Wiranata, Yosephus, Ardean Kurnianto 11
Prayitno, Muhammad Reza Pradecta
11. Improvement Performance of The Double-Concentric Pipes Heat Exchanger

using Twisted Tape Insertions and Nanofluids TiO2/TermoXT 32
Yosephus Ardean Kurnianto Prayitno, Ardi Wiranata, Muhammad Reza Pradecta, 12
Muhammad Vega Adhi Nugraha, Suhanan
12. Experimental Performance of Adsorption Chiller with Fin and Tube Heat
Exchanger
A. Taufan, E. Djubaedah, A. Manga, Nasruddin 13
II. MULTIPHASE FLOW
1. Visualization Study on Oil-Water Separation Phenomena in a Liquid-Liquid

Cylindrical Cyclone (LLCC) Separator
Irfan Aditya Dharma, Adhika Widyaparaga, Indro Pranoto, Khasani 15
2. Interfacial Momentum and Two-Phase Turbulence of The Multigroups Two-
Phase Bubbly Flow
Dewanto Saptoadi 16
3. Visualization Study in the Transition Flow Pattern of Stratified to Slug Flow of
Air-Water Two Phase Flow in a Horizontal Pipe
Andinusa Rahmandhika Okto Dinaryanto, Arif Widyatama, Akhmad Zidni Hudaya, 17
4. The Characteristics of the Pressure Gradient Air-Water Stratified Two-Phase

Flow in Horizontal Pipes
Yori Milzam Alqoshmal, Akhmad Zidni Hudaya, Okto Dinaryanto , Arif Widyatama, 18
Deendarlianto, Indarto
xx
5. Experimental Study on The Characteristics of Flow Pattern Transitions of Air-
Water Two-Phase Flow in A Horizontal Pipe
Faris Humami, Okto Dinaryanto, Akhmad Zidni Hudaya, Arif Widyatama, Indarto, 19
Deendarlianto
6. Induced Oil Droplet Coalescence Influence on Watercut Improvement of Liquid-

Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (LLCC) Oil-Water Separator
Adhika Widyaparaga, Muhamad Hanif Ramadhan, Fakhri Ilham Faza,Reyhandy Bayu 20
A R, Naufal Imaduddin, Dyah Pribandaru , Gilang Prasetya Adi
7. Experimental Study of Interfacial Friction Factor on the Air-Water Stratified

Two-Phase Flow in a Horizontal Pipe
Akhmad Zidni Hudaya, Okto Dinaryanto, Arif Widyatama, Indarto, Deendarlianto 21
8. The Characteristics of the Sub Regime of Slug Flow in 16 mm Horizontal Pipe
Okto Dinaryanto, Arif Widyatama, Maya Prestinawati, Indarto, Deendarlianto 22

9. Oxygen/Nitrogen Bubbles in Flotation Deinking using a Commercial Surfactant
and Fatty Acid of Morinda citrifolia L.
Trismawati, I.N.G.Wardana, Nurkholis Hamidi, Mega Nur Sasongko 23
10. The dynamics behavior of successive multiple droplets impacting onto hot surface
under high concentration of ethylene glycol aquades solution
Teguh Wibowo, Arif Widyatama, Samsul Kamal, Indarto, Deendarlianto 24
11. The effect of liquid viscosity to the gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern in
horizontal mini-channel
Sudarja, Farid Jayadi, Indarto, Deendarlianto, Adhika Widyaparaga 25
12. The Effect of Horizontal Pipe Length to the Onset of Flooding Position on the
Air-water Counter current Two-phase Flow in a 1/30 Scale of Pressurized Water
Reactor (PWR)
Apip Badarudin, Sinung Tirtha P., Yulia Venti Y., Marcellinus Sindhu H., Samuel, 26
Radhi Ariawan, Indarto, Deendarlianto
xxi
III. RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENERGY HARVESTING
1. Study The Potential of Wind Energy in East Sumba, South East Nusa, Indonesia
Harry Indrawan, Almas Aprilana 28
2. The Effect of Oxidation of Biodiesel B100 in Deposit Formation On Specific

Temperature
Suryantoro, M.T, Sugiarto, B., Yubaidah, Attharik, M.I 29
3. Thermodynamics Analysis of Single-Flash Wellhead Geothermal Power Plant at
Jailolo Field, Halmahera
Khasani 30
4. The Potency of Biohydrogen and Biomethane Utilizations as Electricity Supply
from Two Steps of POME fermentation Process based on Economic Analysis
analysis of 1 m3 Biohythane System
Prima Zuldian, Zulaicha Dwi Astuti, S.D Sumbogo Murti, Adiarso 31
5. The Structured and Unstructured CFD Characteristic Studies of 3-D Backward
Wind Turbine Blades
Sutrisno, Deendarlianto, Tri Agung Rohmat, Indarto, Setyawan B.W., Sigit Iswahyudi, 32
A. Dhanu, Djatmiko
6. Utilization Distillate Low Grade Bioethanol as Fuel Mixing on SI Engine (From

Carburetor to Injection)
Setia Abikusna, Bambang Sugiarto, Ratna Monasari 33
7. Study On Low Cost Methanol Production Utilizes Syngas of Biomass
Joni Prasetyo, Astri Pertiwi, SD Sumbogo Murti, Tyas Puspitarini, Nurdiah 34

Rahmawati, Fusia Mirdayanti, Adiarso, Shirota R, Yuta Sudo, Reiji Noda
8. Study on the Activities of Indonesian Clay as Catalyst for Biomass Gasification
Yuta SUDO, SD Sumbogo Murti, SUN Yan, Imron Masfuri, Novio Valentino, Atti 35
Sholihah, Adiarso, Reiji NODA
9. Metal Detection Sensor Using Energy Harvesting Power Source
Kyoo Nam Choi 36

10. Experimental Investigation of Vitamin C Yield of Tomatoes and Vitamin C
Essence by Spray Drying and Dehumidifying The Drying Air: Product Quality
and Energy Consumption
E A Kosasih, M Rafdi,Firdaus 37
xxii
11. The Near Wake Interference Effect on the Performance of Counter-rotating
Wind Turbine (CRWT)
Verdy A. Koehuan, Sugiyono, Samsul Kamal 38
IV. FLUID DYNAMICS
1. Numerical Analysis of Plasma Actuator for Drag Reduction and Lift

Enhancement on NACA 4415 Airfoil
Fadli C. Megawanto, Harinaldi, Budiarso, James Julian 40
2. LRPIM Meshless method for Numerical Solution of Natural Convection in
Porous Square Cavity
Pranowo, Albertus Joko Santoso 41
3. Drag Reduction Analysis of Wing Airfoil E562 with Forward Wingtip Fence at
Cant Angle Variations of 75 Degree and 90 Degree
Setyo Hariyadi S.P., Sutardi, Wawan Aries Widodo 42
4. The Application of Digital Image Analysis to Study the Characteristic of Bubble
Size Distribution Produced by Orifice Type Microbubble Generator
Wibawa Endra Juwana, Arif Widyatama, Akmal Irfan Majid, Wiratni, Indarto, 43
Deendarlianto
5. Online Electrical Measurement for Thrombus Detection in Blood Flow

Circulation
Madoka Koishi, Daisuke Kikuchi, Jianping Li, Masahiro Takei 44
6. Backward Phenomenon on Natural Circulation Flow Based on Power Differences
in FASSIP-01 Loop
Mulya Juarsa, Anhar R. Antariksawan, Surip Widodo, M. Hadi Kusuma, Agus Nur 45
Rohman, Giarno
7. A Simple Finite Volume Scheme for Subcritical Shallow Water Flows on

Staggered Grids
Sudi Mungkasi, Bambang Supriyadi 46
8. Fundamental Research on Velocity Distribution Imaging by Electrical
Capacitance Tomography for Blood Flow
Hiroyuki Oshima, Yusuke Hirose, Daisuke Kawashima, Yoshiyuki Yamane, Yuhi 47
Tanaka, Masahiro Takei
xxiii
9. An Investigation into the Use of GAMA Water Tunnel for Visualization of Vortex
Breakdown on the Delta Wing
Setyawan B.W., Sutrisno, Tri Agung R, Zainuri, Firdaus R.S., Reza Mahardika, Wega 48
F.N
10. Optimization of Supersonic Separations (3S) Design Using Rain Water Algorithm
Totok R. Biyanto 49
11. An Experimental Study on the Performance of Venturi Microbubble Generator
with Inlet Angle 20o and Outlet 12o
Akmal Irfan Majid , Fellando Martino Nugroho, Wibawa Endra Juwana, Wiratni 50
Budhijanto, Deendarlianto
12. Sloshing Analysis of the Independent Tank Type C Due to the LNG Ship Motions
Using Computational Fluid Dynamic
Aries Sulisetyono 51
V. COMBUSTION AND ENERGY CONVERSION

1. Coal Combustion Characteristic In Vibrating Grate Stoker Simulator
Taopik Hidayat , Cahyadi , Yulianto S Nugroho 53

2. Hydraulic Network Analysis on Manifold with CFD and Discrete Modelling, Case
Study: A Prevention of Fuel Over Flow in Primary Reformer
Cholila Tamzysi, Sutijan, Rochmadi,Tri Agung Rohmat 54
3. Multistage Turbine Gas Performance Prediction using Computational Fluid
Dynamic
Putra Adnan Fadilah, M.Agoes Moelyadi 55
4. The Effects of Flow Straightener Inclination to Distribution on Flue Gas Flow
Dewi Puspitasari, Pramadhony, Ellyanie, Marwani 56

5. Integrated Analysis of the Excess Air on Steam Power Plant CFB Boiler Using
Mathematical and CFD Modeling
Sudarja, Farid Jayadi, Indarto, Deendarlianto, Adhika Widyaparaga 57
6. Problem solving on high unburned carbon losses at Ombilin Steam Powerplant
Used Dirty Air Test and Isokinetic Coal Sampling
xxiv
Eko Supriyanto, Odi Sefriadi, Nurcahyo 58
7. Performance of Water Hammer Protection Systems in Pumping Station of Water
Supply Utility, PT. PDAM Surabaya
F Zakaria Nugraha, Nur Ikhwan 59
8. Field Performance Measurement of Small-Scale Three-Dimensional (3-D) Wind
Turbines
Sutrisno, Sigit Iswahyudi, Setyawan Bekti Wibowo, Widia Kartika, Fadhil Qomar 60
9. Experimental Study Effect of Flange Addition on Mechanical Power of Diffuser
Augmented Counter Rotating Wind Turbine
Hermawan, M. A. Bramantya, Nur Kholis Majid, Andre Febrianto 61
10. Study on Utilization of Gas Exhaust Diesel Power Generation For Micro Turbine
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)
Harry Indrawan, Almas Aprilana 62
11. Turbulence Model and Validation of Air Flow in Crossflow Turbine Nozzle
Hariyotejo Pujowidodo, Ahmad Indra Siswantara,, Budiarso, Gun Gun R Gunadi, 63

Asyari Daryus
12. Experimental Study of The Effect of Diffuser Length to Mechanical Power

Generated by Counter Rotating Wind Turbine With Variation of Addition of
Inlet Nozzle
M. A. Bramantya, Hermawan, Andre Febrianto, Nur Kholis Majid 64
VI. THERMODYNAMICS AND ENERGY CONVERSION

1. Comparison Of Steam Losses Between Mechanical, Thermostatic And
Thermodynamic Steam Trap With Condensate Removal Device Brand Steampro
Amor Candrasa Nur Nawaksa, Rosyida Permatasari 66
2. Multi-Objective Optimization of a Herringbone Wavy Fin-and-Tube Condenser
Design Using Entropy Generation Minimization Method
Matheus M. Dwinanto, Suhanan, Prajitno 67
3. Preliminary Investigation of Natural Circulation Stability in FASSIP-01
Experimental Facility using RELAP5 Code
Anhar R. Antariksawan, Surip Widodo, Mulya Juarsa, Giarno, M. Hadi Kusuma and 68
Nandy Putra
xxv
4. Meshless Radial Basis Function Simulation of Natural Convection in a
Trapezoidal Cavity Heated from Below
Eko Prasetya Budiana, Indarto, Deendarlianto, Pranowo 69
5. The Performance Comparison Between Stack from Coconut Fibre and Plastic in
Thermo-acoustics Refrigeration
Muhamad Yulianto, Edy Hartulistiyoso, Jamhari Abidin 70
6. Influence of Evaporator Temperature and Condenser Temperature on Organic
Rankine Cycle Efficiency
Muswar M, M. Idrus Alhamid, Nasruddin, Dieter R, Zaky S, Edi M 71
7. Experimental Study on Performance of Standing-Wave Thermoacoustic Engine
at Different Tilted Angles and Resonator Length
Rinasa Agistya Anugrah, Adhika Widyaparaga, I Made Miasa, Joko Waluyo, 72
Sugiyanto
8. Influence of Stack Porosity on Performance and Adsorption Incidental in Close-

Open Thermoacoustic Engine
Eddy S. Sijabat, Adhika Widyaparaga, Joko Waluyo, Samsul Kamal, Sugiyanto 73
9. The Experimental Study of Influence of Resonator Length on the Standing Wave
Thermoacoustic Engine
Franido Prihandoto, Adhika Widyaparaga, Joko Waluyo, Sugiyanto 74
10. Effects of Barrel Length and Diameter Ratio to Jet Diffusion Flame of Dimethyl
Ether and Liquefied Petroleum Gas
I Made K.Dhiputra, Riesta Anggarani, Lutfi Aulia, Dimitri Rulianto 75
11. Performance of Residential Air Conditioning Using Nanoparticles as Additive in
the Synthetic Lubricant
Tandi Sutandi, K. Sumeru, R. Imbang Tritjahjono, M.F. Sukri 76
xxvi
HEAT MASS TRANSFER AND PHASE CHANGE
1
Optimization of Wire Drawing Die’s
Cooling System in Wire Production Process At “XYZ” Wire Company
Ekadewi A. Handoyo1, a) and Antonio Hazman1
1Mechanical Engineering Department – Petra Christian University

a)Corresponding author: ekadewi@petra.ac.id
Abstract. Wire drawing die wear is measured by the dilatation of diegap diameter. Many
factors that contribute to wire drawing die wear, one of them is temperature of the wire during
drawing process. Therefore, die cooling sistem have to be considered to reduce die wear.PT
“XYZ” use water-cooled by cooling tower-as die coolant. The existing cooling tower is
capable to lower the water temperature to 35oC with cooling effectiveness 33.8% at 900 RPM,
and diebox water inlet flow rate is at 0.125 L/s with temperature of 35oC. Diegap temperature
or wire temperature can be known using numerical simulation with ANSYS Workbench and
ANSYS Fluent. After designing the mesh, then it is necessary to test if the results is
independent of the mesh size. The simulation result was validated by comparing the die outer
surface temperature with the measurement. The simulation shows that the diegap temperature
is at 159.3oC with the existing cooling system. ASM International recommends that the
diegap temperatur should be at 137oC to give the longest die lifetime. Therefore, the cooling
system needs optimization. The optimization was done using ANSYS Fluent by changing the
water temperature and/or water flow rate entering the diebox. Based on this research, it is
recommended to change existing diebox shape to cylindrical for better heat exchange process
or to install new cooling tower.
2
Effect of Compressor Discharge Cooling
Using Condensate on Performance of Residential Air Conditioning System
K. Sumeru1, a), Cecep Sunardi1, b) and M.F. Sukri2, c),
1Department of Refrigeration & Air Conditioning, Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Bandung 40012,
Indonesia
2Efficient Energy Technology (GrEET) Research Group, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka,
Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia

a)Corresponding author: sumeru@polban.ac.id
b)cepsunardi@gmail.com
c)
mohdfirdaus@utem.edu.my
Abstract. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the system performance of a

residential air conditioner using condensate as a compressor discharge cooler. The condensate
is water produced by the evaporator surfaces. The use of condensate is to reduce the energy
consumption and improve the performance of the air conditioning system. The experimental
investigation has been carried out on a split-type air conditioner with cooling capacity of 2.5
kW. Theutilization of condensate as a discharge cooler decreased the compressor discharge
pressure and consequently, reduced the compressor power consumption by 6.3%. In addition,
the effect of the decrease in the compressor discharge pressure resulted in the decrement in
the temperature of condenser outlet by 2.2oC. The decrease in temperature of condenser oulet
leads to the increment in the subcooling and increases in the cooling capacity.
3
The Effects of Liquid-Suction Heat Exchanger on the Performance of a Split Air
Conditioner using R22 under Various Evaporating Temperature
Andriyanto Setyawana
1Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Department, Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Bandung 40012,
Indonesia
a)andriyanto@polban.ac.id
Abstract. An experimental study on the effect of the liquid-suction heat exchanger on the
performance of a split air conditioner using R22 has been conducted. The air conditioning
machine has been tested under various evaporating temperature, from -5C to +4°C. The test
showed that the use of LSHX increases the superheat, discharge temperature, and discharge
pressure. It is also shown that the LSHX has no significant effect on the cooling capacity and
increases the work of compression, resulting in the lower COP and EER. It signifies that the
LSHX is only useful for the safe operation of compressor rather than for improving the
cooling performance.
4
Preliminary Investigation of Wickless-Heat Pipe as Passive Cooling System in Emergency
Cooling Tank
Mukhsinun Hadi Kusuma1,2,a), Nandy Putra1, Anhar Riza Antariksawan2, Mulya Juarsa2,
Surip Widodo2, Tanti Ardiyati3
1Heat Transfer Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering

Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok 16424, Indonesia
2Centre for Nuclear Reactor Safety and Technology, National Nuclear Energy Agency of
Indonesia (BATAN), Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia

3Center for Nuclear Facility Engineering, National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia
(BATAN), Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia

a)Corresponding author: luluikal@batan.go.id
Abstract. To improve the thermal safety of a nuclear power plant, a wickless-heat pipe is
proposed as a passive cooling system on an emergency cooling tank. Heat pipe will keep the
water in the emergency cooling tank on normal operating temperature. The objective of this
preliminary research is to investigate the characteristics of the wickless-heat pipe.
RELAP/SCDAPSIM/MOD3.4 thermal-hydraulic code was used to analyze the
characteristics of the wickless-heat pipe. The simulation results will be used as a basis for
designing the future experimental investigations of the proposed wickless-heat pipe. The
influence of the hot water temperature in the emergency cooling tank and the mass flow rate
of coolant on the water jacket were investigated. The hot water temperature in the emergency
cooling tank was varied, i.e. 60, 70, and 80°C. The mass flow rate of condenser coolant in the
water jacket was varied, i.e. 2, 4, and 8 L/min. The initial pressure of the heat pipe was -74
cm Hg. De-mineralized water, which serves as heat pipe working fluid, was charged with
filling ratio of 80%. The working fluid in the heat pipe can circulate naturally in stable
condition if cooling water could absorb the latent heat in condenser. The simulation results
showed that for constant hot water temperature, the increasing of condenser coolant
volumetric flow rate will decrease the temperature of evaporator and condenser. While for
constant condenser coolant volumetric flow rate, the increasing of hot water temperature will
increase the temperature of evaporator and condenser.
Keywords: Wickless-heat pipe, passive cooling system, emergency cooling tank, small medium
reactor
5
Simulation of the Effect of the Condensing Temperature on the Performance of a Split AC
with R-410a under Constant Cooling Capacity
Andriyanto Setyawan1,a, Tandi Sutandi1,b, Faldian1,c
Indonesia
a)andriyanto@polban.ac.id
b)ade.tandi@gmail.com
c)faldianf@yahoo.com
Abstract. This paper analyzes the performance of a split air conditioner at various condensing
temperature under the constant cooling capacity. The nominal capacity of the air conditioning
unit is 5.06 kW and the refrigerant is R-410a. The simulation shows that the increase of the
condensing temperature causes the unit require the higher volumetric and mass flow rate of
refrigerant to maintain the constant cooling capacity. The condenser capacity and the work of
compression increase as well. On the other hand, the refrigerating effect decreases so that the
overall performance of the air conditioning unit decreases.
6
The Effects of the Condenser Pressure Drop on the Cooling Performance of an Air
Conditioning Unit using R-410A
Cecep Sunardi1,a, Markus1,b, Andriyanto Setyawan1,c*
Indonesia
a)cepsunardi@gmail.com
b)markus.polban@gmail.com
c*)Corresponding author: andriyanto@polban.ac.id
Abstract. The effect of pressure drop in the condenser of an air conditioning unit with R410 was
simulated under constant swept volume of the compressor. Evaporating temperature and
evaporating pressure increase as the pressure drop increases. It causes the decrease of refrigerant
density, refrigerant mass flow rate, and refrigeration effect. The enthalpy difference across
condenser and compressor, however, increase with the increasing pressure drop. This gives the
reduction of evaporator capacity by 25% for pressure drop of 200 kPa. For the same range of
pressure drop, the condenser capacity is reduced by 19%, COP is reduced by 27%, and the
compressor capacity is almost constant
7
Simulation and validation of PCM melting in concentric double pipe heat
exchanger
Fajar Anggara2), Joko Waluyo 1, a), Tri Agung Rohmat 1), Indro Pranoto 1), Fauzun 1),
Suhanan 1), Muhammad Nadjib 2), Pathur Razi Ansyah 2)
1
(Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada
University, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia)
2
(Postgraduate of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada
University, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia)
Corresponding author: a) jokowaluyo@ugm.ac.id
Abstract. Latent heat storage (LHS) has been widely used for energy storage. Compare to sensible heat
storage, LHS has several benefits because of its high energy density, small unit sized and operating at low
temperature. This paper is aimed to investigate the melting characteristic of phase change material (PCM)
implemented in concentric double pipe heat exchanger. The investigation is carried out by both simulation as
well as validation. The simulation is conducted using ANSYS FLUENT with double pipe shape of heat
storage. The geometrical shape of the storage is double pipe heat exchanger, the PCM is stored in the inner
tube meanwhile hot water is circulated in the outer tube. The dimension of the inner tube are 5 cm of diameter
and 50 cm length. The diameter of outer tube is 10 cm and 60 cm length. The hot liquid is circulated from the
inlet port and withdrawing from the outer port. The inlet and outlet ports are located away at the distance of
5 cm from the edge of the outer tube. The inlet and outlet ports are constructed at the bottom and upper part
of the outer tube. The simulation is carried out at temperature 60 oC of the hot liquid and flow rate at 4 liters
per minute. The validation is also conducted at the same configuration with that on the simulation. The
tweaked parameters are number of mesh and mushy-zone value. Results revealed that validation is
numerically accepted at deviation less than 5% for melting time deviation. The validation is obtained at
number of mesh is 144,000 and mushy-zone value is 1.4x107. On the evaluation of temperature distribution
similarity, all of coefficient correlation are obtained greater than 0.8 between simulation and experiment.
Being a valid simulation model, it is enabled to be enhanced for predicting melting of phase change materials
on the heat energy storage system.
Keyword: simulation, latent heat storage, validation, melting, PCM
8
Thermal Behavior of Melting Paraffin Wax Process in Cylindrical Capsule by
Experimental Study
Pathur Razi Ansyah2, a), Joko Waluyo 1, b), Suhanan1), Muhammad Najib 2), Fajar
Anggara2)
1
(Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia)
2
(Postgraduate of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika
No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia)
Corresponding author: a)jokowaluyo@ugm.ac.id

b)
pathur.razi.a@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract. This paper presents an experimental study on thermal behaviors of phase change
material (PCM) during melting process in annulus cylinder. The inner cylinder was
functioned as PCM storage, the outer cylinder was designed as shell, and both were made of
acrylic. The PCM Storage was heated on its surface by circulating hot water as heat transfer
fluid (HTF) in the shell. The variations of HTF temperature are 60, 65, 70°C and its mass
flow rate is maintained at 4 liter per minutes. Thermal analysis of the melting process over
time is given to provide more specific information of temperature contour change during the
process. Solid–liquid melting process is shown by sequential photographs taken by the digital
camera during the process in axial and radial direction. The results indicate that at the
beginning of melting process, the heat transfer is dominated by conduction between inner
wall of PCM storage and solid PCM. When the PCM has melt, convection holds important
role in the heat transfer due to density gradient of the liquid PCM. Increasing of 5°C
temperature is able to reduce about 34% of the total melting time.
Keyword: thermal behavior, PCM, paraffin wax, melting
9
Effect of Refrigerant Charge Variation of R32 as Drop-in Replacement for R22 in Air
Conditioning System
Triaji P. Pramudantoro1, a), Edi Sukamto1, b), K. Sumeru1, c)*, Ade Suryatman Margana1,d) and
M.F. Sukri2, e)
Indonesia

a)triajipangripto@gmail.com
b)
edisukamto_ap@yahoo.com
*c)Corresponding author: sumeru@polban.ac.id
d)adesmargana@polban.ac.id
e)mohdfirdaus@utem.edu.my
Abstract. Relatively, R32 has very low GWP compared to R22, and therefore leading R32
to be a potential substitute for R22. This paper investigates the performance changes due to
drop-in replacement of R22 to R32 in a residential air conditioner. The liquid density ratio
between R32 and R22 at 0oC is 0.82. As a result, theoretically, for drop-in 100% from R22
with R32, the refrigerant charge amount of R32 is 82% of R22 (by mass). In this experiment,
the refrigerant charge mass of R32 is varied from 90% to 105% with 5% increment for each
measurement. Experimental results show that the optimal refrigerant charge amount is 95%.
At this optimal refrigerant charge amount, the mass ratio of R32 to R22 is 77.9%. Meanwhile,
at this mass ratio, the cooling capacity increased by 7.7% and COP decreased by 12.1%.
10
Study on the Heat Transfer Enhancement of Double Pipe Concentric Heat Exchanger
Using Twisted Tape and Nanofluids
Risdian Harsanta Putra1, b) Suhanan1,3, a) Ardi Wiranata1,3, c)Yosephus Ardean Kurnianto Prayitno
2,3, d) Muhammad Reza Pradecta3,d)
1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas

Gadjah Mada
Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
2 Department of Mecanical Engineering Vocational Collage, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan
Grafika No2, Bulaksumur, Sinduadi, Mlati Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

3 Center for Energy Studies, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip K-1A, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta
55281, Indonesia
a)Corresponding author: suhanan@ugm.ac.id

b)risdian.harsanta.p@mail.ugm.ac.id
c)
ardi.wiranata@ugm.ac.id
c)
yosephus.ardean@ugm.ac.id
d)muhammad.reza.p@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract. Heat exchanger is a device to transfer heat between two fluids with different
temperature. Heat exchanger performance depends on the fluid’s Nusselt number. The greater the
fluid’s nusselt number, the heat transfer performance also increase. There are several ways to
enhance Nusselt number one of the is adding twisted tape in the tube and using nanofluids as
working fluids. The use of twisted tape and nanofluid are also increase the pressure drop along
the pipes. In this study parallel heat exchanger using twisted tape with twist ratio 7,35, 5,25, 4,72
and nanofluids with volume fraction 0% to 0,3% was investigated using simulation technique.
The Nanofluid was assumed as a homogeneous fluid and the characteristic has been studied
experimentally. The simulation was done using ANSYS FLUENT and the result of this
simulation showed that the usage of twisted tapes with twist ratio 7,35, 5,25, 4,72 increase the
Nusselt number by 131.88 %, 142.271 %, 145.82 % . The use of twisted tape also increase the
pressure drop by 232.52 %, 280.23 %, 304.50 % respectively compared with the normal heat
exchanger, furthermore the usage of nanofluids with volume fraction 0,1 % and 0,3% also
increase the Nusselt Number by 6,72 %, 13,85 % and pressure drop by 14.01 %, 37.09 %
respectively. From this simulation it is known that using twisted tape with twist ratio 4,72 and
nano-fluid with volume fraction 0,3 as working fluid give the highest Nuselt number
improvement compared with the others, this improvement of the Nuselt number result on the
heat transfer enhancement.
11
Improvement Performance of The Double
Concentric Pipes Heat Exchanger using Twisted Tape Insertions And Nanofluids
TiO2/TermoXT 32
Yosephus Ardean Kurnianto Prayitno1,3,a), Ardi Wiranata2,3,b), Muhammad Reza

Pradecta3,c), Muhammad Vega Adhi Nugraha2,d) and Suhanan2,3,e)
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip

Unit IV,
Caturtunggal, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
2Department of Mechanical &Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas
Gadjah Mada, Jalan
Grafika No.2, Bulaksumur, Sinduadi, Mlati, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
3Center for Energy Studies, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip K-1A, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta,
55281, Indonesia.
a)Corresponding author: yosephus.ardean@ugm.ac.id

b)ardi.wiranata@ugm.ac.id
c)reza.pradecta@gmail.com
d)vegaadhi@gmail.com
e)suhanan@ugm.ac.id
Abstract. The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of the addition of twisted tape
insertions and nanofluid TiO2/TermoXT 32 as the working fluid on the performance of a double
pipe-concentric heat exchanger. Experiments were carried out on a test rig that consists of two
pipes with inner pipe diameter of 38.1 mm for the outer pipe and inner pipe diameter of 75.2 mm
for the inside pipe. The working fluid, nanofluids, were flowed constantly and maintained in a
low temperature of 200C. The flow rate was varied at 10 LPM; 12 LPM; 14 LPM; 16 LPM; 18
LPM; and 20 LPM. Twisted tape insertions which are used on the experiment were made of an
Aluminum and have 3 variations of twist ratio which are 7.35; 5.25; and 4.72. The nanofluid
TiO2/TermoXT 32 has 3 volume fraction variations of 0% or base fluid; 0.1%; and 0.3%. The
results showed that the addition of twisted tape insertions led to the increased heat transfer rate.
This was indicated by the increase of Nusselt number for each measurement planning. The
increase of Reynolds number was followed by the increase of heat transfer rate. Moreover, the
increasing volume fraction of nanofluids TiO2/TermoXT 32 also influenced the performance of
heat exchanger. The highest heat transfer rate was demonstrated by the highest Nusselt number
that observed on the twist ratio of 4.72 and Reynolds number of 20 LPM. On top of that, the
volume fraction of 0.3% also produced the optimal Nusselt number. The experiments showed that
the best operating conditions was found in the characteristic of 0.3% nanofluids volume fraction
with 4.72 twisted tape ratio.
12
Experimental Performance of Adsorption Chiller with Fin and Tube Heat Exchanger
A. Taufan1), E. Djubaedah2,a), A. Manga3), Nasruddin4
1 Development Center for Appropriate Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Subang,

Indonesia
2 Agency for the Assessment and Application of Tecnology (BPPT)-Jakarta, Indonesia
3 Magister Program in Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Indonesia, Depok,
Indonesia
4 Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Indonesia, Depok Indonesia
a)Corresponding author: euis.jubaedah@ui.ac.id
Abstract.Adsorption chiller is one of the solution related to enviromental issues caused by

conventional cooling system. This paper presents a experimental performance of adsorption
chiller with fin and tube heat exchanger in Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia.
The chiller design configuration is composed of two sorption chambers, each has compact fin
tube heat exchangers as adsorber, condenser, and evaporator. The chiller is tested under
typical condition for hot water inlet/cooling water inlet/chilled water outlet temperatures are
64.4/31/8.9oC, respectively. Heat and mass recovery were adopted in experiment to increase
the cooling power. The cooling time was variated to obtain the heat recovery optimum time
related to the performance. Average value of COP and cooling power were obtained 0.77 and
3.2 kW, respectively, at adsorption/mass recovery/heat recovery time 600/40/20.
Keywords: adsorption chiller, design, mass and heat recovery, performance, silica gel-water
13
MULTIPHASE FLOW
14
Visualization Study on Oil-Water Separation Phenomena in A Liquid-Liquid Cylindrical
Cyclone (LLCC) Separator
Irfan Aditya Dharma1,a),Adhika Widyaparaga2,3,b)*, Indro Pranoto2,c), Khasani2,d)
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Islam Indonesia,, Indonesia

2Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
3Energy Study Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
airfan.adharma@uii.ac.id, b,*corresponding author : adhika@ugm.ac.id,

cindro.pranoto@ugm.ac.id, dkhasani@ugm.ac.id
Abstract.This study aims to understanding the mechanism of oil-water separation process inside
Liquid-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (LLCC) and the effect of operating parameters to the
separation characteristics. Some experimental runs have been designed and commissioned, then
the results from both experiments and visualization data are presented. General characteristics of
separation process and flow behavior in the LLCC were explained in the form of qualitative
observation and quantitative explanation. For the experimental runs, the LLCC was tested under
the wide range of operating parameters such as inlet mixture velocity, split-ratio, and different
inlet oil volumetric concentration. The acquired data include overflow oil volume fraction. Data
analysis from visualization data reveals how the operating parameters affect the separation
performance of LLCC within its flow behaviour.
15
INTERFACIAL MOMENTUM AND TWO-PHASE TURBULENCE OF THE
MULTIGROUPS TWO-PHASE BUBBLY FLOW
Dewanto Saptoadi
dsaptoadi@me.com
ABSTRACT
Governing equations of multigroups two-fluid model for two-phase bubbly flow has been derived
on the basis of the two-fluid formulation. The governing equations are derived from the
compressible Navier-Stokes equations of fluid mechanics by using temporal averages of the state
variables. The equations are simplified for incompressible flows, using Boussinesq
approximation and with a constant drift velocity or a constant bubble terminal velocity. The
resulting equation system is similar to the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation. Several
additional terms are appeared in the averaged two-fluid equations representing the coupling
between the phases. These coupling terms are representing a mass exchange between the phases,
an interfacial momentum exchange, an interfacial energy exchange and an also momentum and
energy exchange due to mass exchange as well as a two-phase turbulence. These additional terms
require to be modeled appropriately. This paper describes the modeling of the additional terms
arise in the momentum equation. The interfacial momentum exchange is modeled using drag
force between liquid and bubble. Due to discrepancy between the evaluated bubble terminal
velocity calculated from the standard drag equation and the bubble terminal velocity from the
experiment, a polynomial correlation is used to evaluate the terminal velocity as a function of the
bubble radius. The two-phase turbulent terms is modeled by using a very simple turbulent model
i.e. the eddy viscosity model. The phasic turbulence or also know as the turbulent mass diffusion
is modeled using the turbulent Schmidt number. The modeling of interfacial momentum transfer
has been verified by simulation of bubble column experiment by Durst et.al. Also presented are
simulation of bubble column with 5-group bubbles of different size of laminar and turbulent two-
phase flows
Keywords : bubbly flow, two-phase, multigroups two-fluid model.
16
Visualization Study in the Transition Flow Pattern of Stratified to Slug Flow of Air-Water
Two Phase Flow in a Horizontal Pipe
Andinusa Rahmandhika1) Okto Dinaryanto1, 3), Arif Widyatama2), Akhmad Zidni Hudaya1, 4),
Indarto1), Deendarlianto1, 2)
1Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas

Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
2 Center for Energy Studies, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Blok K 1A, Yogyakarta, 55281,
Indonesia.
3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Adisutjipto, Blok R Lanud
Adisutjipto, Yogyakarta, 55198, Indonesia.

4
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Muria Kudus University,
Gondangmanis, Bae,
Kudus 59324, Indonesia.
Correspondent author: a) andinusa.rahmandhika@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract.Slug is one of the most avoided flow in the piping system network. High pressure
fluctuations can cause damage to pipes. Therefore, prevention of the slug flow is very important.
To understand the phenomenon, an experimental study to investigate the pattern of stratified to
slug flow transition has been examined. The present work was conducted on a 26 mm diameter
acrylic horizontal pipe with the length of 10 m. Air and water are used as working fluids. Visual
image capture is done using Phantom Miro M310 High speed camera on L/D 180-210 from
inlet. As a supporting visual observation result, CECM method is also used to measure liquid
holdup of fluid flow. The onset of slugging mechanism due to gas and liquid superficial velocity
variations will be discussed. As a result, the slug formation from stratified flow is at least
divided into two basic mechanisms. At low gas velocity, the slug stability condition is created
by wave growth mechanism. The increase of JG resulted in the addition of aeration and
decreasing of the liquid slug length. When the gas velocity is above 3 m/s, wave coalescence
and large disturbance waves explain the onset of slugging. Increasing of J L value on the high JG
makes the roll waves higher, to create a pseudo slug. The formation of high aeration slug is seen
at JL = 0.3 m/s when JG is maintained at 3.77 m/s.
Keyword: transition, onset of slugging, stability, wave coalescence, superficial velocity
17
The Characteristics of the Pressure Gradient Air-Water Stratified Two-Phase Flow in
Horizontal Pipes
Yori Milzam Alqoshmal1, a), Akhmad Zidni Hudaya1,3), Okto Dinaryanto 1,4), Arif Widyatama1,
2), Deendarlianto1, 2), Indarto1)

Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
Indonesia.
3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Muria Kudus University,
Gondangmanis, Bae,Kudus 59324, Indonesia

Correspondent author: a)yori.milzam.a@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract. The co-current air-water two-phase stratified flow is desired to occur in the application
of pipelines system, such as natural gas gathering, long distance pipelines, and transmission
pipelines, because this flow characteristics offers some advantages related to the safety factor of
operational condition. The characteristics of pressure drop in stratified flow is considered as one
of an important factor in the capital and operation costs for the simultaneous transportation of gas
and liquid in various industries. The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of gas
and liquid superficial velocities, and pipes diameter on the characteristics of pressure drop air-
water two-phase stratified flow. Experiment has been conducted in 26 and 16 mm i.d. acrylic
horizontal pipe with length 9.5 m. Air-water flow was recorded 190 D from the inlet using high
speed video camera, and pressure difference was measured between 180 D and 210 D from the
inlet using validyne pressure transducer. The common parameters such as visualization, pressure
gradient signal in time series, probability density function (PDF), and mean of pressure gradient
was analyzed. As a result the effect of gas and liquid superficial velocity, and pipes diameter on
the characteristics of pressure gradient can be understood.
Keywords: gas-liquid co-current stratified flow, pressure gradient, horizontal pipe, stratified
parameter
18
Experimental Study on The Characteristics of Flow Pattern Transitions of Air-Water
Two-Phase Flow in A Horizontal Pipe
Faris Humami1, a), Okto Dinaryanto1, 3) , Akhmad Zidni Hudaya1, 4)

Arif Widyatama2), Indarto1), Deendarlianto1, 2)

Gadjah Mada,
Jl. Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
Indonesia.
3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Adisutjipto,
Blok R Lanud Adisutjipto, Yogyakarta, 55198, Indonesia.

4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muria Kudus,
Gondangmanis, Bae,Kudus 59324, Indonesia.
Correspondent author: a)Farishum@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract. The two-phase flow application was commonly found in industrial processes, such as
oil and gas production in wells, gas and oil pipelines, etc. The characteristic of two-phase flow
had various aspects depending on its interfacial behaviour. The interfacial structures of air-water
two-phase flow in a horizontal pipe were experimentally investigated by using visualization
method with high speed camera. The experiments were conducted in a horizontal two-phase flow
facility, total length 10 m pipe made from acrylic with 26 mm ID. To obtain the flow pattern, a
total of 132 flow condition were observed. The superficial gas and liquid velocities were set to
0.31 m/s – 20 m/s and 0.016 m/s – 0.77 m/s, respectively.
High Speed Camera observation successfully characterize and demonstrated two-phase flow
regime in a horizontal pipe. Its also developed flow regime maps. Air-water two-phase flow is
characterized by bubble breakup and coalescence in the transition from plug to slug flow.
Interfacial instabilities form in stratified to wavy flow, then small waves, larger waves and the
droplet entrainment in transition to annular flow. High amplitude wave was required to form the
slug flow. This flow pattern maps is a two-phase flow regime transition including stratified flow,
plug flow, slug flow, annular flow and sub-regime of each patterns. The influence of superficial
velocity of air and water has a significant effect on the flow patterns and sub-regime types.
Keywords : Horizontal two phase flow, visualization study, flow regime transition, sub-regime,
flow pattern map
19
Induced Oil Droplet Coalescence Influence on
Watercut Improvement of Liquid-Liquid
Cylindrical Cyclone (LLCC) Oil-Water Separator
Adhika Widyaparaga1,2,a), Muhamad Hanif Ramadhan1, Fakhri Ilham

Faza 1, Reyhandy Bayu A R1, Naufal Imaduddin1, Dyah Pribandaru N1 ,
Gilang Prasetya Adi1
1
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, UGM, Indonesia
2
Centre for Energy Studies, UGM, Indonesia
a)
adhika@ugm.ac.id
Abstract. This experimental study aimed to increase the water fraction (watercut) output
in LLCC by installing a baffle in order to reduce oil flow through underflow. The
experiment was conducted with several inlet velocities with a constant inlet oil fraction.
Two varied baffles were used in this experiment : 1-level baffle and 2-level baffle with
200 mm height. The purpose of the baffles is to induce oil droplet coalescence. It was
discovered that the usage of baffles could increase the watercut value in underflow up to
5% at the split-ratio of 5-30% and the maximum value of watercut reached almost 100%
at split-ratio 60% or more. It was observed that oil droplets collected beneath the baffle
table induced oil droplet coalescence. By the inducing oil droplet coalescence, the size of
the droplets increased and thus the net buoyancy force upward could overcome inertial
effects that propelled the droplets downward. Thus, the oil droplet coalesencce will
ultimately move droplets upward to overflow. Introduction of baffles also influenced
watercut at the underflow. Watercut is also a function of split-ratio hence the value of
watercut is proportional to the value of split-ratio. At lower split-ratio, flow resistance in
overflow will increase so the oil tends to flow downward to underflow and decrease the
watercut value. By reducing oil content within the underflow, the value of watercut in the
underflow also increased.
20
Experiment Study of Interfacial Friction Factor on the Air-Water Stratified Two-Phase
Flow in a Horizontal Pipe
Akhmad Zidni Hudaya 1, 3, a) Okto Dinaryanto1, 4), Arif Widyatama1, 2), Indarto1), Deendarlianto1,
2)

Gadjah Mada, Jl.Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
Indonesia.
3Department of Mechanical Engineering,Universitas Muria Kudus,Gondangmanis, Bae,
Kudus 59324, Indonesia.

Correspondent author: a)zidni01@gmail.com
Abstract. The Liquid hold-up and the Interfacial Friction Factor on the Air-Water Stratified
Two-Phase Flow in a Horizontal Pipe have been experimentally investigated using superficial
gas and liquid velocity of 4 – 16 m/s and 0.02 to 0.1 m/s, respectively. The stratified flow is
observed on the horizontal acrylic pipe with 26 mm inner diameter and 9 m length. This present
work has utilized the various methods of observation: visual observation through high speed
video camera, hold up measurement by using CECM, and pressure gradient analysis which is
gathered from the Validyne pressure transducer. The pressure gradient and liquid hold-up signal
are sent through amplifier than converted into digital signal by Analog to Digital Converter
(ADC). As a result, the characteristics of stratified flow is successfully revealed. Furthermore,
a new correlation for hold-up which is based on the gas and liquid superficial velocity, and
Froude number is proposed. The R2 which reaches 0.971 and the small value of error band
(around 30 %) shows that the proposed correlation produce a good performance. Similarly, a
new correlation for interfacial friction factor is also proposed which is arranged as a function
of liquid hold-up, gas, and liquid Reynold number. It a produces a satisfying performance which
is proven by the high value of R2, 0.999. Moreover, the error band between the proposed
correlation and the experimental data is quite small, around 5 % on most of all data.
Keyword: Flow pattern, interfacial friction factor, hold-up, stratified flow
21
The Characteristics of the Sub Regime of Slug Flow in 16 mm Horizontal Pipe
Okto Dinaryanto1,2 a), Arif Widyatama3, Maya Prestinawati2, Indarto2,3, Deendarlianto2,3

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Adisutjipto,
Blok R Lanud Adisutjipto, Yogyakarta, 55198, Indonesia
Gadjah Mada, Jalan

Grafika 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
3Center for Energy Studies, Gadjah Mada University, Sekip K-1A Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta
55281, Indonesia
a)Corresponding author: okto.dinaryanto@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract.The aim of this research is to investigate the characteristics of the sub regime of slug
flow in horizontal pipe. Here, a 16 mm inner diameter horizontal pipe is utilized in order to
observe the specific behavior of each flow pattern. The air and water superficial velocity are
0.7 – 8 m/s and 0.2 m/s – 1.13 m/s, respectively. To obtain thorough insight through
visualization, a high speed video camera is installed on the area 190 D where the flow is fully
developed. A pair of CECM sensor is also placed to gather the quantitative data from the liquid
slug hold up. Furthermore, the pressure characteristics of each sub regime flow pattern are
recorded by using pressure transducer. As a result, the present study has been able to provide a
comprehensive data of the slug flow sub regime. Broadly, there are four observed sub regime
on the slug flow. Slug and plug flow is characterized by the presence of plug flow intermittently.
The less aerated slug and highly aerated slug can be distinguished by the degree of aeration
which can be verified by liquid hold up measurement. While the slug and wavy flow contains
wavy interface on the stratified layer. The analysis of each flow pattern is followed by the
propose of a slug flow sub regime flow pattern map which can be a reference for conducting
further study or fulfilling industrial need
Keyword: slug flow, sub regime characteristics, constant electricity current method.
22
Oxygen/Nitrogen Bubbles in Flotation Deinking using a Commercial Surfactant and Fatty
Acid of Morinda citrifolia L.
Trismawati1,a, I.N.G.Wardana2,b, Nurkholis Hamidi2,c, Mega Nur Sasongko2,d
1: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Panca Marga University,

Probolinggo, Indonesia,2: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brawijaya University,
Malang, Indonesia
a): trismawati@upm.ac.id b) wardana@ub.ac.id c) hamidi@ub.ac.id d) megasasongko@ub.ac.id
Abstract. Although ink removal has been investigated to search for the surfactant that result
in the best quality of deinked pulp via flotation deinking, the effective residual ink
concentration (ERIC) and brightness values are consistently lower than expected. To better
understand how air is responsible for flotation deinking, oxygen and nitrogen gases were
used. A commercial surfactant and a fatty acid of Morinda citrifolia L. (FAMC) were used to
investigate how oxygen and nitrogen affect their deinking ability. The quality of the deinked
pulp was compared with that produced by air flotation. The results show that oxygen is
responsible for ink liberation in flotation using either a commercial surfactant or FAMC.
Oxygen exerts a special oxidative effect on the commercial surfactant and FAMC, allowing
it to establish binding with some ingredients of the ink and enhance the flotation deinking.
23
The effect of 20% ethylene glycol aquades solution on the dynamics behavior of successive
multiple droplets impacting onto hot surface
Teguh Wibowo1 3, a), Arif Widyatama2, Samsul Kamal1, Indarto1, 2, Deendarlianto1, 2
1Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universitas

Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika No.2 Yogyakarta 55281
2Center for Energy Studies, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Blok K 1A, Kampus UGM,
Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281

3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Adisutjipto, Jl. Janti Blok
R. Lanud, Yogyakarta 55198.

a)
Corresponding author: teguhwibowo76@yahoo.co.id
Abstract. The aim of this research is to reveal the dynamic behavior of the the succesive
multiple 20% ethylene glycol aquades droplet impacting on the hot surface. An experiment
has been conducted by utilize the stainless steel as the hot surface. The diameter and the
impact velocity are 2.8 and 1.1 m/s, respectively. Then the weber number is approximately
55. In the present study, induction heater is utilized to achieve the desired temperature of hot
surface. It is set between 110 - 230°C. In addition, image processing technique is applied in
order to obtain essential quantitative information from the multiple droplet. Based on the
result, it is found that the secondary droplet start to present at temperature 150C. While at
the temperature 230C, the bouncing phenomena occurs several times. Finally, the present
study have been able to reveal spreading characteristics of the droplet comprehensively and
can be used as a starting point to develop further research.
24
The effect of liquid viscosity to the gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern in horizontal mini-
channel.
Sudarja1,2,a, Farid Jayadi1, Indarto1,3, Deendarlianto1,3, Adhika Widya Paraga1,3
1Departement of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta

55281, Indonesia.
2 Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta,
Yogyakarta 55183, Indonesia.

3Centre for Energy Studies, Gadjah Mada University, Sekip K-1A Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta
55281, Indonesia.
Corresponding author: asudarja_msn@yahoo.com,sudarja@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract. The experimental studies on flow pattern of adiabatic gas-liquid two-phase flow in
horizontally oriented mini-channel were conducted. The test section was a 1.6 mm inner diameter
glass pipe. The range of gas and liquid superficial velocities were 0.025 - 66.3 m/s and 0.033 -
4.935 m/s, respectively. The working fluids were air and glycerol aqua solution in various
percentage, 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% which indexed by W, G20, G40, and G60, respectively. The
flow pattern data were obtained by analyzing the video images, which captured by using the
high-speed camera. As a result, it was found that the flow patterns observed in the present study
were bubbly, plug, slug-annular, annular, and churn, while the stratified flow was not appeared.
In the flow pattern map, the change of liquid viscosity affect to the shift of the transition line
between flow pattern, particularly slug-annular to annular and slug-annular and annular to churn
flow.
Keywords: two-phase flow, mini channel, glycerol aqueous solution, liquid viscosity, flow
pattern.
25
The Effect of Horizontal Pipe Length to the Onset of Flooding Position on the Air-water
Counter current Two-phase Flow in a 1/30 Scale of Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)
Apip Badarudin1, 3, a), Sinung Tirtha P.1, Yulia Venti Y.1, Marcellinus Sindhu H.1, Samuel1,
Radhi Ariawan1, Indarto1, Deendarlianto1
1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah
Mada University, Jalan Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
55281, Indonesia
3Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Department, Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Jl. Gegerkalong
Hilir, Ds. Ciwaruga, Kotak Pos 1234, Bandung, Indonesia..

a) apipbdr@polban.ac.id
Abstract. An experiment for investigating the flooding phenomena in a complex system has
been conducted. The test section consists of the ratio of horizontal pipe length and diameter
(L/D): 25, 50 and 94.5 with the inner diameter of the pipe is 25.4 mm. The visual observation
shows two flooding mechanisms: front-flooding and rear-flooding. Front-flooding was found
to occur at the horizontal pipe with L/D = 50 and 94.5. Beside it is found also at horizontal
pipe with L/D = 25, on low and medium superficial liquid velocity ( 𝐽𝐿∗ 0.5 < 0.32). This was
initiated by the formation of a liquid slug that begins unstable waves on a hydraulic jump.
While rear-flooding was found to occur at horizontal pipe with L/D = 25 at high superficial
liquid velocity ( 𝐽𝐿∗ 0.5 > 0.32). This was initiated by the sudden formation of a large wave that
completely blocks the whole cross section of the pipe near the water outlet.
26
RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENERGY HARVESTING
27
Study of Wind Energy Potential
in East Sumba, South East Nusa,Indonesia
Harry Indrawan1
Research of Power Plant and Primary Energy
PT PLN (Persero) Research Institute
Jakarta, Indonesia
(harry.indrawan@pln.co.id)
Almas Aprilana2
Jakarta, Indonesia
(almas.aprilana@pln.co.id)
ABSTRACT
The island of Sumba in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) has potential - average wind speed, which
supports the development of the Wind Power Plan that reaches 5-7 m/s (Winrock, LAPAN and
NREL). Support for wind energy utilization is shown by the plan of PT PLN East Nusa Tenggara
province to make the island of Sumba Island as renewable energy island. The study was conducted
on the potential of wind energy that can be derived from each location so in the future can build
the Wind Power Plant . The location of study conducted in two locations specifically in the village
Palakahembi Umaluki District and Village Matawaekaraha, District Pandawai. The results of
field measurements used to find the probability distribution of wind speed (Weibull and Rayleigh)
and calculate the amount of energy that can be obtained. The measurement results for 12 months
indicating the wind speed at the site Palakahembi of 0.4 to 15.8 m/s and an average speed of 5.96
m/s. On location Matawaekaraha for 9 months resulting wind speed range of 0.4 to 16.2 m/s and
an average speed of 4.85 m/s. Peak wind season occurs during May - August and started to decline
in September and is expected to until March. The frequency of wind speeds that often occur in
locations Matawaekaraha is 4 till 5 m/s with a probability of around 16%, whereas in Palakahembi
location is 5 to 6 m/s with the probability of 14%. Weibull distribution parameters for location
Palakahembi have the scale parameter of 2.50 and 6.71 m/s, while the location of Matawaekaraha
is 2.24 and the scale parameter of 5.49 m/s. The location Palakahembi with 500 kW wind turbine
power average is 163.4 kW with energy produced is 1432.7 MWh, while the on-site
Matawaekaraha power average is 98.8 kW with energy produced was 607 MWh.
Keywords : Wind, Weibull, Capacity
28
The Effect of Oxidation of Biodiesel B100 in Deposit Formation On Specific Temperature
Suryantoro, M.T1,a),Sugiarto, B.2, b) , Yubaidah,S3, , and Attharik, M.I.4,c)
1 BT2MP-BPPT, Area Puspiptek, Serpong, Muncul, Setu, South Tangerang, Banten 15310,
Indonesia
2Departement of Mechanical Engineering, University of Indonesia, 16424, Indonesia
3 BT2MP-BPPT, Area Puspiptek, Serpong, Muncul, Setu, South Tangerang, Banten 15310,
Indonesia
4Departement of Mechanical Engineering, University of Indonesia, 16424, Indonesia
a)muchammad.taufiq@bppt.go.id
b)
bangsugi@lemtek-ui.com
c)ilhamattharik@gmail.com
Abstract. Biodiesel attracts many researchers because of its renewable and environmentally
friendly nature. Nevertheless the use of biodiesel with a greater percentage for applications in
diesel engines still leaves some problems related to the occurrence of biodiesel degradation and
the formation of deposits when used as fuel on the engine. In this research, deposits are formed
from B100 with different treatments, B100, oxidized B100, and advanced oxidized B100. This
research were done using hot surface test rig to find the characteristics and growth mechanism of
deposit that are formed by each fuel. With different treatment of B100, distinction of deposit from
each fuel can be found, so a more in-depth studies can be conduct. The purpose of this research
is to find optimum temperature in order to control the growth of deposit furnace.
29
Thermodynamics Analysis of Single-Flash WellheadGeothermal Power Plant at Jailolo
Field, Halmahera
Khasani1, a)
1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika
No. 2 Yogyakarta,
Indonesia 55281
a)khasani@ugm.ac.id
Abstract. Thermodynamics analysis of single-flash wellhead generator system was carried out for
the early stage of the development of Jailolo geothermal field, Halmahera. The analysis was
performed in the forms of energy, exergy and efficiency calculations. The single-flash wellhead
generator system was adopted due to its some advantages over conventional plants such as 1)
wellheads have short steam transmission lines and this will result in less losses and lower costs,
2) the energy is transmitted as electricity which is more efficient than transporting steam, 3)
individual characteristics of well can be fully utilized by selecting the plant for the most optimum
point on the output curve, 4) ease of maintenance with small individual plant that can be shut for
maintenance, 5) cost effective and competitive. Analysis was conducted for Jailolo geothermal
fluid with an estimated enthalpy of 1100 kJ/kg, wellhead temperature of 179oC, and steam
fraction of 20% using Cycle Tempo 5.1 software. The results of calculations showed that the
optimum wellhead pressure is 9.8 bar(g) and mass flow rate of 52.86 kg/s. The system produces
5086.76 kW for turbine power output, 4832.43 kW for generator power output, and 4368.16 kW
for delivered net power. From the thermodynamics point of view, the single flash wellhead
generator has 34.1% utilization efficiency obtained from exergy analysis.
30
The Potency of Biohydrogen and Biomethane Utilizations as Electricity Supply from Two
Steps of POME fermentation Process based on Economic Analysis analysis of 1 m3
Biohythane System
Prima Zuldian1, Zulaicha Dwi Astuti2, S.D Sumbogo Murti3, Adiarso4
1,2,3,4
Center of Technology Energy Resources and Chemical Industry,
Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology.
625 Building, Technology Energy Cluster, PUSPIPTEK, South Tangerang
E-mail: prima.zuldian@bppt.go.id / zuldianprima@gmail.com
Abstract
Palm oil plant is one of principal-national-plant commodities in Indonesia and becomes the
highest worldwide Crude Palm Oil (CPO) production used as an edible necessities and source of
biofuel (Biodiesel). The whole process of Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) at palm oil plant (called PKS)
Cikasungka could produced Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) having high Chemical Oxygen
Demand (COD) content amount 35.000 ppm. POME could be used to generate Hydrogen (called
Biohydrogen) and Methane (called Biomethane) by throughing two steps fermentation process
for producing Biohydrogen and Biomethane gases respectively on 0,6 m3 POME into 1 m3
prototype biohythane system which have been mixed with starter liquid containing consortium
microbe. The first fermentor could produce biohydrogen by 32% wt of total generated gas for 1
x 24 hours of fermentation process. The increase of biohydrogen after purification process until
99% wt gave potencial electricity generation from biohydrogen amount 0,0188 kWe. The second
fermentor could produce biomethane by 60% wt of total generated gas more than 24 hours
afterwards of fermentation process. The purification of biomethane until 99% wt gave generated
potencial electricity amount 0,753 kWe. Furthermore, economic calculation analysis on
biohythane prototype showed up the value of Capital Expenditures (CAPEX) amount US$ 26,395
and Operational Expenditures (OPEX) amount US$ 14,712/year too. By totaling the potencial
generated electricity from both fermentors, these resulted generated electrical cost was 2.478
US$/kWh.
31
The Structured and Unstructured CFD Characteristic Studies of 3-D Backward Wind
Turbine Blades
Sutrisno1, Deendarlianto1, Tri Agung Rohmat1, Indarto1, Setyawan B.W.1,2, Sigit Iswahyudi1,3,
A. Dhanu1, and Djatmiko1
1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,

Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vocation Program, Gadjah Mada University,
Yogyakarta 55281,
3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tidar University, Magelang, Indonesia
|
Corresponding author: mrsutrisnougm@gmail.com
Abstract. The paper would report the aerodynamic CFD model characteristic studies of
backward 3-D wind turbine blades in operation. It is found that the blade lip of the bottom
section are suffered from strongly decelerated disturbance, while the upper section are
accelerated. The region influenced by radial disturbance starts radially from the top toward the
bottom part of the blade, from lightly disturbed to weakly disturbed region. Original radial
source of disturbance, caused by centrifugal and Corriolis force, are still persist. Q-criterion
was used to benchmark for the quality of computation to justify the most sensitive outcome, to
determine the largest size for the smallest computational cell. Compare to structured grids, the
unstructured grids gives significant results errors.
Keywords: CFD model, Q-criterion, backward 3-D wind turbine blades, structured grid,
accelerated, stall propagation, original disturbance.
32
Utilization Distillate Low Grade Bioethanol as Fuel Mixing on SI Engine (From
Carburetor to Injection)
Setia Abikusna2, Bambang Sugiarto1, Ratna Monasari1
1 Departement of Mechanical Engineering, University of Indonesia, 16424, Indonesia

2 Automotive Engineering, Astra Manufacture Polytechnics, Sunter Jakarta 14330, Indonesia;
ratnamona92@gmail.com
Abstract. Currently, the main energy source is heavily dependent on fossil energy. The current
transportation technology also uses fossil-derived energy sources to make vehicle engines are
ignited. In addition, the electricity that is currently enjoyed by billions of people resulted
enormously from the use of fossil energy. Limitations of existing fossil energy sources and the
issue of global warming have led many to expand on renewable energy and energy conservation
to maintain energy availability. One of alternative energy source that is currently being developed
is the use of bioethanol as a mixture or replacement of fossil fuel. This paper is a series of
advanced research on the utilization of low-grade bioethanol from SI carburetor engine to the SI
Injection engine. The research phases are begun by designing compact distillator on a dynamic
engine, and then optimization is done on the compact distillator and followed by performance
testing and exhaust gas emission. The low-grade bioethanol distillation process is carried out
independently by utilizing heat from flue gas to produce high-grade bioethanol. The research was
then developed on an SI injection engine to determine the performance and exhaust emissions in
some bioethanol fuel mixtures with gasoline. From this continuation study was obtained some
results, the first is the use of appropriate fuel mixing method in each study. In addition,
optimization performed on the compact distillator will result in an increase in distillation rate and
concentration of ethanol of 96.91%. And the last is an analysis of the performance and exhaust
emissions generated in each study.
33
Study On Low Cost Methanol Production Utilizes Syngas of Biomass
Joni Prasetyo1, Astri Pertiwi1, SD Sumbogo Murti1, Tyas Puspitarini1, Nurdiah Rahmawati1,
Fusia Mirdayanti1, Adiarso1, Shirota R2, Yuta Sudo2,Reiji Noda2
1Center for Technology Energy Resources and Chemical Industry, BPPT, Energy Building 625,
PUSPIPTEK Area, Serpong, South Tangerang, Banten 15314, Indonesia
2Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma
University, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu-shi, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
Corresponding author: joni.prasetyo@bppt.go.id
Abstract. Synthesis gas (syngas) of biomass is touted as an alternative energy due to its
environmentally clean fuel and reducing greenhouse effect. The process of syngas production, by
gasification, can be directly utilized to produce electricity. Next utilization, the syngas can also
be used as raw material to produce methanol. This study assessed the optimization of methanol
production for low cost in term of the operational condition, low temperature and low pressure.
The role of catalyst is the key to achieve the optimization of methanol synthesis at certain
condition. Commercial catalyst would be examined and compared with local impregnation
catalyst, Cu/Zn/ Al2O3, Cu/Zn/Activated-Carbon. As the result, both catalysts were comparable
with a commercial catalyst. As the result, methanol production was increasing by raising
temperature. At 260oC, methanol production of both local catalysts reached 21.4% higher than
commercial catalyst 13.8%. Unfortunately at 200°C, the methanol production using the local
catalysts was less than 0.5%. At Scaling up methanol synthesis using commercial catalyst
produced similar methanol concentration 13.95%. Moreover, some liquid product was harvested
but in low methanol concentration, 2.28%.
34
Study on the Activities of Indonesian Clay as Catalyst for Biomass Gasification
Yuta SUDO1, SD Sumbogo Murti2, SUN Yan1, Imron Masfuri2, Novio Valentino2, Atti
Sholihah2, Adiarso2, Reiji NODA1,
1Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma

University, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu-shi, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
2Center for Technology Energy Resources and Chemical Industry, BPPT, Energy Building 625,
PUSPIPTEK Area, Serpong, South Tangerang, Banten 15314, Indonesia
Keywords: Steam Biomass Gasification, fluidized bed, clay catalysts, Indonesia
Abstract
Gasification is one of the technologies to process biomass as a renewable alternative energy

source. Steam biomass gasification using various clays derived from Indonesia was carried out
with laboratory scale fluidized bed reactor to evaluate the activities of clay as catalysts. At the
same time to elucidated the relationship between material bed characteristics and gasification
process activity. Tar capturing ability was compared for activated clay, silica sand and clay
minerals derived from Indonesia by using a laboratory scale fluidized bed reactor. Even raw clay
minerals were found to reduce heavy tar and water-soluble species emissions and increased
carbonaceous materials deposited on the bed materials compared to activated clay. Activity of
some Indonesian clay revealed high performance on the biomass gasification due to the amount
of acid center.
35
Metal Detection Sensor Using Energy Harvesting PowerSource
Kyoo Nam Choia)
Dept. of Information and Telecommunication Engineering

Incheon National University
Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
a)knchoi@inu.ac.kr
Abstract.In the military operation, metal detection sensor using energy harvesting power source
is usefulfor unmanned vehicle identifying sensor application.The unmanned portable ground
sensor can provide perimeter security for moving military operation. As batteries are unreliable
due to short life time, an alternative power sources are required replacing conventional batteries.
Both photovoltaic and thermoelectric sources were used as energy harvesting power to
complement the climate variation. The boost type voltage converter was used to accept the low
input voltage range from 0.13V, and the power combiner with low voltage loss was used to
harvest the electric power from two different sources. Metal detecting sensor utilizing magneto-
impedance magnetometer was attempted using the power from power combiner. The magneto-
impedance magnetometer with 66mm long soft magnet strip showed sensitivity ofdetecting
0.8mm diameter magnetized ferrous ball at 5mm distance and un-magnetized steel plate of
0.27mm2 surface area at 1m apart. Also field test at highway showed the detection of moving
vehicle. The sensor with energy harvesting power source showed the possible application to
unattendedmoving vehicle detector.
36
Experimental Investigation of Vitamin C Yield of Tomatoes and Vitamin C Essence by
SprayDrying and Dehumidifying The Drying Air: Product Quality and Energy
Consumption
E A Kosasih 1, a), M Rafdi 1, b) and Firdaus 1, c)
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia, Depok,

16424, Indonesia
a)kosri@eng.ui.ac.id
b)muhammad.rafdi.20@gmail.com
c)fdaus200@gmail.com
Abstract. Spray drying is a method of preservation that is widely used in food and pharmaceutical
industries. Nevertheless, the drying temperature in spray drying is the common problems faced
during the drying process. Drying in high temperature inevitably caused damages to the material,
especially for heat-sensitive material including vitamin C. Vitamin C is more sensitive than other
vitamins. In tomatoes, it may be browning due to high temperature in drying process. To get
around this, the spray dryer is then combined with a dehumidifier system. The aim of this study
is to know the safe drying temperature and also to know the specific energy consumption when
using a combination system. Testing was performed using vitamin C from tomatoes and vitamin
C essence. Based on research result, ,the temperature of drying air is not recommended to exceed
90°C, because the vitamin C content will be degraded at that temperature. The lowest ratio of
specific energy consumption (RSEC) when the drying air temperature at 90°C is obtained at the
highest drying air flow rate with the lowest drying air specific humidity with a value of 0.45.The
AIP Proceedings article template has many predefined paragraph styles for you to use/apply as
you write your paper.
37
The Near Wake Interference Effect on the Performance of Counter-rotating Wind
Turbine (CRWT)
Verdy A. Koehuan1, 2, a), Sugiyono3, b), and Samsul Kamal3, c)
1Mechanical Engineering Postgraduate Student, Department of Mechanical and Industrial

Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281,
Indonesia.
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of
Nusa Cendana, Kupang 85001, Indonesia.

3Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of
Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.

a)Corresponding author: verdy.a.k@mail.ugm.ac.id
b)sugiyono@ugm.ac.id
c)samsul@ugm.ac.id
Abstract.Counter-rotating wind turbine (CRWT) with horizontal axis was investigated using
computational fluid dynamics simulation (CFD), especially in the region of near wake. The model
used k-e turbulence realizable with hexahedral meshing to predict the CRWT performance to the
rotor diameter ratio with the s826 airfoil that has been applied to a single rotor wind turbine. The
CRWT performance to the variation of the rotor diameter ratio between two rotors was studied.
The variation of the rotor diameter ratio of the CRWT is more related to the reduction in the
power coefficient at peak condition to the operating condition of both rotor turbine. The velocity
decay and turbulent kinetic energy distribution on the vertical line in the axial direction in the
region of the turbine near wake were predicted at the tip speed ratio of peak performance and
three different locations of Z/D = 0.15, Z/D = 0.35, and Z/D = 0.65 in downstream. Velocity
decay and turbulent kinetic energy distribution in the region of near wake were found to be more
influenced by a rotor diameter ratio between two rotors. This study shows that the overall power
coefficient of CRWT could more than the single rotor wind turbine as well as the near wake
velocity decay was predicted more strong and fasten to recover in behind the CRWT agree well
which extracts more power than the single rotor wind turbine.
38
FLUID DYNAMICS
39
Numerical Analysis of Plasma Actuator for Drag Reduction and Lift Enhancement on
NACA 4415 Airfoil
Fadli C. Megawanto1, Harinaldi2, a), Budiarso2, James Julian3
1The Agency for The Assessment and Application of Technology, BPPT, Puspiptek Area,
Building No. 256, South Tangerang City, 15314, Banten, Indonesia.
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Indonesia,
Kampus Baru UI, Depok 16424, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

3Fluids Mechanic Laboratory, University of Indonesia,
Kampus Baru UI, Depok 16424, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
a)Corresponding author: harinald@eng.ui.ac.id
Abstract.Plasma actuator is one of the active flow control equipment that is being developed in
recent years. In this study, numerical analysis is used to obtain optimization of plasma actuator
that placed on airfoil at 0.21c. This numerical simulation executed at 3 (three) variations of
Reynolds number, 35,000, 100,000, and 200,000 The plasma actuator was installed on an NACA
4415 with 100 mm chord length (1:1 scale) and magnetic induction (magnetohydrodynamics) is
applied . The calculations of aerodynamics force, such as lift force and drag force was held to
investigate the most optimal performance of plasma actuator. The results of this numerical study
show that by placing plasma actuator around 0.21 from chord line, obtaining optimization in
decreasing of drag coefficient and increasing of lift coefficient on 35,000 of Reynolds number.
Where plasma actuator is proven to be most effective way for reducing drag coefficient at angle
of attack of 15o with a percentage decrease of 15.01%. While the largest
40
LRPIM Meshless method for Numerical Solution of Natural Convection in Porous Square
Cavity
Pranowo1, a) and Albertus Joko Santoso1, b)
1Department of Informatic Engineering, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Jl. Babarsari 43

Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
a)Corresponding author: pran@mail.uajy.ac.id
b)albjoko@mail.uajy.ac.id
Abstract. This paper proposed meshless Local Radial Point Interpolation Meshless Methods
(LRPIM) method for numerical solution of natural convection in Darcy porous square cavity.
It is assumed that Boussinesq approximation is valid to characteristic the buoyancy effect as
the driving force of the fluid flow. The Galerkin local weak form is used to dicretize the system
equations. The multiquadratic radial basis function (RBF) is chosen as the shape and test
function. Comparing the numerical results obtained using the proposed method with those
obtained using the conventional methods shows very good agreement.
Keywords: LRPIM, Meshless, natural convection, porous cavity.
41
Drag Reduction Analysis of Wing Airfoil E562 with Forward Wingtip Fence at Cant
Angle Variations of 75o and 90o
Setyo Hariyadi S.P.1,2 a)，Sutardi 1)，Wawan Aries Widodo1)
1Fluid Mechanic Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, FTI, ITS, Surabaya,

Indonesia
2Aviation Polytechnic of Surabaya
a)hudzaifahsetyo@gmail.com
Abstract.Airfoil modeling is very important especially in determining the airfoil's performance.

One very important note in the airfoil design is how to make airfoil with high lift and low drag to
obtain a large lift to drag ratio. In this study, the design was carried out with Eppler 562 wing
airfoil by adding an endplate at the end of the wing. Endplate used in the form of forward wingtip
fence. The addition of endplate at the tip of the wing aims to reduce the occurrence of tip vortex.
The emergence of a tip vortex is due to the flow from the lower surface to the upper surface.
These tip vortex can cause induced downwash velocities and reduce effective angle of attack.
This research is conducted by numerical simulation using simulation software with turbulent
model k-ω SST. Freestream flow rate to be used is 10 m / s with angle of attack (α) = 0 o, 2o, 4o,
6o, 8o, 10o,12o 15o and 19o. On forward wingtip fence cant angel 90o produce higher performance
than other wing start at α = 6o while forward wingtip fence cant angel 75o.produce better
performance at α = 19o.The tip vortices formed by the winglet produce very different shapes to
each other and it appears to be a significant effect of the flow field above the wing surface. These
vortices will change shape when the angle of attack of the model is changed. The values of the
vortices behind the winglet are also different which indicate the effect of induced drag
Keywords: airfoil, winglet, forward wingtip fence, Eppler 562, induced drag reduction, cant angl
42
The Application of Digital Image Analysis
to Study the Characteristic of Bubble Size Distribution Produced by Orifice Type
Microbubble Generator
Wibawa Endra Juwana1,3 a), Arif Widyatama2, Akmal Irfan Majid1,2, Wiratni2,4,
Indarto1,2, Deendarlianto1,2

Gadjah Mada, Jalan
55281, Indonesia
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret,
Jalan
Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Indonesia
4Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Jalan
a)Corresponding author: wibawa.ej@gmail.com
Abstract. The use of microbubble has grown massively in many fields such as petrochemical
industry and waste water treatment. This phenomenon offers some advantages since such as the
ability to provide larger liquid-gas surface contact area. In order to achieve in depth understanding
related to those phenomena, some of the measurement methods can be applied such as a capillary
suction probe, conductivity probes, and, Phase Doppler Anemometry. The present work was
conducted to determine the characteristic of microbubble size distribution by using digital image
analysis. The orifice type microbubble generator is set on a rectangular transparent glass box to
support the visualization study. The air and water flow observed in this present study were set on
0.1 - 1 lpm and 30 - 80 lpm respectively. Each sequence image was processed using MATLAB.
Some steps, including image filtering and image complement, is utilized to produce binary image.
In addition, watershed method has also been applied in order to separate the merge bubble to
produce an accurate measurement. As a result, the effect of gas and liquid flow rate on the bubble
size distribution can be revealed. Finally, it can be concluded that the digital image analysis is a
useful and potential technique to study the characteristics of microbubble phenomena.
Keyword: microbubble, visualization study, image processing technique
43
Online Electrical Measurement for Thrombus Detection in Blood Flow Circulation System
Madoka Koishi, Daisuke Kikuchi, Jianping Li, Masahiro Takei a)
Graduation School of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiba

University
1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
a) masa2@chiba-u.jp
Abstract. The purpose of this study is to detect the capacitance change of the blood in the
thrombus formation process in the blood flow circulation system, in order to develop the online
thrombus monitor. We focus on the connector part in the circulation system where stagnation is
occur. Measuring equipment is attached to the circulation system; the connector sensor is
proposed to perform capacitance measurement of the connector part. To compare with the
connector sensor, the non-contact sensor that measures total blood flow is also attached to the
circulation system.In the thrombus formation experiment, the heparin-coated circulation system
was filled with fresh porcine blood, and thrombus formation was promoted by adding an
appropriate amount of calcium chloride solution. Capacitance measurement was carried out using
the connector sensor and non-contact sensor incorporated in the system.As a result, capacitance
measured with the connector sensor decreased at the time that it seems that fibrin formation
progresses. In contrast, capacitance measured by non-contact sensor slightly increased. After that
capacitance measured by both of sensor increased at the time that it seems that clot formation
progresses. These results were agree with the calculation using Wagner’s equation. Furthermore,
measurement by connector sensor, ratio of capacitance increasing was 10 times bigger than non-
contact sensor. It is suggested that the measurement with the connector sensor is effective for
detecting the blood state change in thrombus formation.
44
Backward Phenomenon on Natural Circulation Flow Based on Power Differences in
FASSIP-01 Loop
Mulya Juarsaa), Anhar R. Antariksawan, Surip Widodo,

M. Hadi Kusuma, Agus Nur Rohman, Giarno
Center for Nuclear Reactor Technology and Safety,

National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)
Building 80 Puspiptek Area Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15310, Indonesia
a)Corresponding author: juars@batan.go.id
Abstract. FASSIP-01 Loop is a medium scale test facility which water inside the rectangular
loop which the water flow is driven by natural circulation due to the differences of density in
heater area and in the cooler area. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the natural
circulation phenomenon during start-up condition since the beginning until stable flow. The
experiment has been done with heater power variation is 4845 watt and 5928 watt, the flow
rate variation in cooler area is 10.38 LPM and 43.10 LPM with the pipe of rectangular loop
was not isolated. The result of experiment from 0 s to 5000 s shows the backward
phenomenon which was occurs due to decrease in water temperature near the pipe wall. The
backward flow point difference between two heater powers is 0.0165 LPM for coolant flow
of 10.38 LPM and 0.0088 LPM for coolant flow of 43.10 LPM. The density of water in cross
section of rectangular pipe is not the same for a few times.
Keywords: backward, natural circulation, start-up, stable, flow, density
45
A Simple Finite Volume Scheme for Subcritical Shallow Water Flows on Staggered Grids
Sudi Mungkasi, 1 a) and Bambang Supriyadi, b)
1Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sanata Dharma University,

Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2Department of Civil and Enviromental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada

University, Yogyakarta
Corresponding author : sudi@usd.ac.id
Abstract. A simple finite volume scheme is proposed to solve the shallow water equations on
staggered grids. We consider the one dimensional nonlinear shallow water equations in ther
conservative forms. We limit our research results in this paper for subcritical flows. Numerical
tests show that the scheme is very accurate to solve subcritical flow problems. In addition, the
computation is very cheap due to the simplicity of the scheme
46
Fundamental Research on Velocity Distribution Imaging by Electrical Capacitance
Tomography for Blood Flow
Hiroyuki Oshima1,a), Yusuke Hirose1, Daisuke Kawashima1, Yoshiyuki Yamane2, Yuhi

Tanaka2, Masahiro Takei1
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan

2Heat & Fluid Dynamics Department, IHI Corporation, Tokyo 135-8710, Japan
a)acya2254@chiba-u.jp
Abstract A velocity distribution of particles has been imaged by a combination of the electrical
capacitance tomography (ECT) and cross-correlation method in order to achieve the imaging with
low error and high resolution. The method has two steps which are the relative permittivity
calculation from the measured capacitance among the total 16 electrodes by ECT, and velocity
distribution imaging from cross-correlation method. Two ECT sensors were designed to image
the cross-sectional velocity distribution during the particles flow process. The images of velocity
distribution were successfully reconstructed from relative permittivity distribution. The results
indicates two-phase flow conditions. The first condition is unsteady and high velocity with
average velocity 0.78 m/s. The second condition is steady and medium velocity with average
velocity 0.56 m/s. The images reasonably indicate the relative error within 3.7 % under the first
condition and 30.2 % under the second condition as compared with the velocity obtained by
conventional high-speed camera.
47
An Investigation intothe Use of GAMA Water Tunnel for Visualization of Vortex
Breakdown on the Delta Wing
Setyawan B.W.1, 2, Sutrisno1, Tri Agung R.1, Zainuri A.1, Firdaus R.S.1, Reza Mahardika2 and
Wega F.N.1

Gadjah Mada,
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vocation Program, Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Yogyakarta 55281,Indonesia
Corresponding author: setyawanbw@ugm.ac.id
Abstract. The use of delta wings is widely used for high-speed aircraft such as fighter aircraft. In
the delta wing, there is a pressure difference that causes the vortex flow and forms a vortex core
with a very low pressure that will lead to the addition of lift force. Increased angle of attack will
raise the vortex core speed so that the force will also rise, but under certain conditions, the vortex
core structure will be destroyed or there is a vortex breakdown that will remove the lift force. So
the analysis of the occurrence of vortex breakdown becomes very important to maintain lift force
on the wing.Vortex breakdown analysis can be done through visualization techniques. The use of
water tunnel as a visualization test facility has been widely used and has advantages in detail
visualization. This research will be testing the character of vortex breakdown on delta wing by
using GAMA water tunnel facility. For comparison and validation would be used computational
fluid dynamics (CFD) technique.The results of the research show that the GAMA water tunnel
facility can show the vortex breakdown phenomenon and the aerodynamic forces that occur on
the delta wing. These results have conformity with the test using CFD where the vortex
breakdown was affected by the angle of attack and the change of the sweep angle.
Keywords : watertunnel, vortex breakdown, delta wing, rollup vortex, visualization, CFD
48
OPTIMIZATION OF SUPERSONIC SEPARATION (3S) DESIGN USING RAIN
WATER ALGORITHM
Totok R. Biyantoa*, Gabriella P. Dienantaa, Tita O. Angreaa, Intan T. Utamia,

Lilik Ayurania, M. Khalila, Ade S. Nugrohoa,Titania N. Bethianab
a)Engineering Physics Department, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
b)Chemical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya,
Indonesia
trb@ep.its.ac.id, trbiyanto@gmail.com
Abstract –– Produced natural gas from well can not be used directly as fuel or raw material. Raw
natural gas contain some impurities such as water, solid, H2S and CO. Usually, CO2 separation
utilize amine column absorber, dehydration, LPG extraction and dew to separate natural gas from
CO2. The new gas separation technology is SuperSonic Separation (3S) that combining Joule
Thomson Valve and Turbo Expander technologies. 3S design model was built using material
balance equation, energy balance and Bernoulli law. In this research, new stochastic optimization
algorithm namely Rain Water Algorithm, is used. Selected optimized variables are diameters and
length of pipe i.e. input diameter, diameter at laval nozzle, diameter after naval nozzle, pipe length
on static vanes to laval nozzle and length of pipe from laval nozzle to cyclonic separation. These
variables will affect to both gas velocity and cost of system design. The optimization result using
RWA shows the targetted velocity (ut= 540.3 m/s) was obtained at optimized variable of diameter
before laval nozzle 0.2428 m, diameter at laval nozzle 0.0117 m, diameter at cyclonic separation
0.0289 m, length before laval nozzle 0.1977 m and length after laval nozzle 0.2105 m or in volume
is 6.63 x 10-4 m3. The cost of material for decisioned design of 3S is 387.41 USD.
Keywords : Optimization, Natural Gas, Rain Water Algorithm, SuperSonic Separation (3S)
49
On the Performance of Venturi-Porous Pipe Microbubble Generator with
Inlet Angle of 20 and Outlet Angle of 12
Akmal Irfan Majid1,2,a), Fellando Martino Nugroho1,b), Wibawa Endra Juwana1,3,c),

Wiratni Budhijanto2,4,d), Deendarlianto1,2,e), Indarto1,2,f)
1
Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika no. 2 Kampus
UGM, Yogyakarta-INDONESIA.
2
Center for Energy Studies, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika no. 2 Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta-
INDONESIA.
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Jl. Ir Sutami no. 36
A, Surakarta-INDONESIA.
4
Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika no. 2 Kampus UGM,
Yogyakarta-INDONESIA
a)
Corresponding author: ai.majid@ugm.ac.id;
Other Authors E-mail: fellandomartino1@gmail.com; c)wibawaej@gmail.com; d)wiratni@ugm.ac.id;
b)
e)
deendarlianto@ugm.ac.id; f)indarto@ugm.ac.id
Abstract.
A unique device, namely as the microbubble generator is a device with capability to maintain more
dissolved oxygen for various purposes including waste water treatment and aquaculture in less
energy consumption. One of its types is a venturi-porous pipe microbubble generator due to its
simplicity and feasible enough to be used. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the
performance of venturi-porous pipe microbubble generator. The microbubble generator was a
venturi-porous pipe type with inlet angle of 20, outlet angle of 12, and inlet-outlet diameter ratio
of 2.5. The experiments were conducted under an adiabatic condition in various air flow rates (QG)
of 0.2 lpm to 1.0 lpm and water flow rates (QL) of 30 lpm to 80 lpm. A microbubble was located in
the depth of 20 cm from water surface in a glass aquarium with the dimension of 280 cm x 60 cm x
40 cm. To carry out behaviors of the microbubbles, a high speed video camera was used. A
watershed algorithm of a digital image processing technique was implemented to proceed the
captured images of microbubbles to obtain bubble size distribution, represented as a probability
density function (PDF). Moreover, a pressure transducer recorded the inner pressure of inside the
microbubble generator in order to calculate hydraulic power (LW) and bubble generating efficiency
(ηB). Disolved Oxygen (DO) was also measured in the point of 60 cm and 180 cm from microbubble
generator outlet nozzle to investigate the distribution. As the result, performance of the microbubble
was influenced by air and water flow rates. As the QL increased, bubble generating efficiency also
increased. Under a constant QL, the averaged bubble diameter increased as the QG increased.
However, the averaged bubble diameter decreased as the QL increased. Results of image processing
showed that size of the microbubbles was distributed in uni-modal peaked PDF curve. The result
from this present work were in a good agreement to that available previous work.
50
Sloshing Analysis of the Independent Tank Type C Due to the LNG Ship Motions Using
Computational Fluid Dynamic
Aries Sulisetyono
Department of Naval Architecture, Faculty of Marine Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh

Nopember
Kampus ITS Sukolilo Surabaya, Indonesia
Corresponding author: sulisea@na.its.ac.id
Abstract. This paper discuss the sloshing effect of tank containing LNG (Liquid Natural Gas)
due to the LNG ship’s motion during operation at sea. Sloshing was numerically simulated in two
dimensional transverse tank by using Computational Fluid Dynamic method. The Iso tank in the
form of Bilobe which was the type of Independent Self Supporting Tank C was considered to be
analyzed based on the motions of LNG ship such as Sway, Heave, and Roll in irregular wave.
Three variations of the LNG filling level inside the tank i.e. an empty condition (10% of tank
height (h)), a half condition (50% h), and a full condition (90% h) were oscillated for certain
period of times in order to obtain the maximum pressure occurred on the inner wall of LNG tank.
The simulation results shown the magnitude of the static maximum pressure on Tank wall in full
load condition was about 16349.56 Pa and it larger than a half load condition of 6891.16 Pa as
well as an empty load condition of 618.37 Pa. The pressure increased due to sloshing about 1.47
% in full condition, 2.35% in a half load condition, and 12.96 % in an empty load condition. The
result of the probability occurrence calculation shown that the maximum pressure on wall area of
the LNG tank for all LNG filling level conditions within 6%.
51
COMBUSTION AND ENERGY CONVERSION
52
COAL COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTIC IN VIBRATING GRATE STOKER
SIMULATOR
Taopik Hidayat 1), Cahyadi 2), Yulianto S Nugroho 1)
1) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia 2)Agency for the Assessment

and Application of Technology (BPPT) Indonesia
email : yulianto.nugroho@ui.ac.id
Abstract. Stoker fired power plant is commonly used for small scale power plant in isolated
region or small island that spread in Kalimantan, Sumatra, Sulawesi, and another east of
Indonesia. In this study, coal combustion characteristic will be studied in vibrating grate stoker
simulator that simulate grate fired stoker. Combustion characteristic such as burning out time and
combustion rate that had been studied early from fixed grate will be used for travelling time of
coal on vibrating grate simulator. Temperature profile will be analyzed. An experimental result
shown horizontal temperature profile that indicate combustion step such as drying, volatile and
char burning. The result show that vibration had great effect to combustion on vibrating grate, it
can increase the combustion rate which indicated by the increasing of all temperature measured
along the grate. Compared with fixed grate performance, combustion on vibrating grate had
shorter burning out time, higher combustion rate and higher energy release.
53
Hydraulic Network Analysis on Manifold with CFD and Discrete Modelling, Case Study:
A Prevention of Fuel Over Flow in Primary Reformer
Cholila Tamzysi 1, a) Sutijan 1,b) Rochmadi 1, c) Tri Agung Rohmat 2,d)
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl Grafika 2, 55281

Yogyakarta 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl Grafika 2,
55281 Yogyakarta
a)Corresponding author: cholila.tamzysi@mail.ugm.ac.id b)sutijan@chemeng.ugm.ac.id

c)rochmadi@chemeng.ugm.ac.id b)triagung_rohmat@ugm.ac.id
Abstract. A study of fluid flow characteristic in a manifold is crucial in order to determine the
magnitude of flow on each output port accurately. This research aims to calculate the relation of
fluid flow behaviour between the port by combining CFD simulation and discrete modelling. The
application of these methods could tackle real case industrial problems, for example in a primary
reformer inside an ammonia plant in Indonesia. Results of this study are 2 constants of kinetic
energy change due to T turn that can be employed to set an optimal valve configuration. It was
found that the constants are different on each port as they depend on d(i)/D0 ratio.
54
Multistage Turbine Gas Performance Prediction using Computational Fluid Dynamic
Putra Adnan Fadilah1, M.Agoes Moelyadi2
1Academic Assistant of FMAE, ITB.
2Professor of FMAE, ITB
a)putraadnanf@gmail.com
Abstract. Axial turbine now is commonly used in the human life for many purposes such as to
generate power plant, to propel aircraft, propel big ship or even does not rule out the possibility
can be applied on the land vehicle. With increasing development in computational fluid
simulations, now, is not impossible to simulate the flow in the turbine system (include flow
interaction between rotor and stator), computational fluid simulation can be applied in the single
stage turbine or even in multistage turbine. With computational fluid dynamic software, we can
predict the performance of turbine system. Computational fluid dynamic can provide many
parameters that required to assess the performance of the turbine.
55
TheEffects of Flow Straightener Inclination on Distribution of Flue Gas Flow
Dewi Puspitasari1,a),Pramadhony2, b), Ellyanie3, b), Marwani4, b)
1,3,4) Departmentof Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sriwijaya,,

Inderalaya, OI, South Sumatera, INDONESIA
2)Student of Magister, Graduate Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, University of Sriwijaya, Palembang, South Sumatera, INDONESIA

a)Email: dewipuspitasari@unsri.ac.id
2, b) pramadhony@yahoo.com, 3, b) ellyanie@unsri.ac.id, 4, b) marwani@ft.unsri.ac.id
Keywords:Flow Straightener, Velocity Distribution, Streamline Inclination
Abstract.Emission from industrial sector must be controlled to maintain its effects on the
environment. The measurement of emission quality has been regulated by the government,
which have function to monitor the concentration of hazardous compounds. In order to
obtain measurement accuracy, the velocity of flue gas in the sampling point should be
uniform and has low helicity as well as it should has low head loss to keep the performance
of the equipment. In this work, flow straightener inclination under variation : without flow
straightener, 0o, 45o upward and 45odownward were installed on the chimney. The objective
of this research is to keep streamline condition in measurement area and minimize helicity
effect. This research has done by computation fluid dynamic to investigate the effects of
flow straightener inclinationin velocity distribution, reducing the streamline inclination and
helicity. The best condition under achieve by inclination 45 o, whereas there are
improvement on quality of velocity distribution with pressure drop still be tolerated and
flue gas which was first concentrated in the pipe wall has been shifted to the center of the
chimney.
56
The effect of liquid viscosity to the gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern in horizontal mini-
channel.
Sudarja1,2,a, Farid Jayadi1, Indarto1,3, Deendarlianto1,3, Adhika Widya Paraga1,3
1Departement of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta

55281, Indonesia.
2 Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta,
Yogyakarta 55183, Indonesia.

3Centre for Energy Studies, Gadjah Mada University, Sekip K-1A Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta
55281, Indonesia.
Corresponding author: asudarja_msn@yahoo.com ,sudarja@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract. The experimental studies on flow pattern of adiabatic gas-liquid two-phase flow in
horizontally oriented mini-channel were conducted. The test section was a 1.6 mm inner diameter
glass pipe. The range of gas and liquid superficial velocities were 0.025 - 66.3 m/s and 0.033 -
4.935 m/s, respectively. The working fluids were air and glycerol aqua solution in various
percentage, 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% which indexed by W, G20, G40, and G60, respectively. The
flow pattern data were obtained by analyzing the video images, which captured by using the
high-speed camera. As a result, it was found that the flow patterns observed in the present study
were bubbly, plug, slug-annular, annular, and churn, while the stratified flow was not appeared.
In the flow pattern map, the change of liquid viscosity affect to the shift of the transition line
between flow pattern, particularly slug-annular to annular and slug-annular and annular to churn
flow.
Keywords: two-phase flow, mini channel, glycerol aqueous solution, liquid viscosity, flow
pattern.
57
Problem Solving on High Unburned Carbon Losses at Ombilin Steam Powerplant 2x100
MW Used Dirty Air Test & Isokinetic Coal Sampling
Eko Supriyanto1), Odi Sefriadi2), Nurcahyo3)
PT PLN (Persero) Puslitbang Ketenagalistrikan, Jl Durentiga No.102 Jakarta Selatan 12760

1ekosupriyanto_y5@yahoo.com
2odi.sefriadi@yahoo.co.id
3cahyo_mech04@yahoo.co.id
Abstract.Based on the results of heat rate test conducted by PLN Puslitbang at Unit # 1
Ombilin Steam Powerplant 2x100 MW, it has been known that abnormal unburned carbon
losses occurred between 7-9 % from normally condition 2 % based on ASME PTC PM
Standard. That losses had significant effect on decreasing boiler’s efficiency from 89 % to
73-71 %. Because of the limitation scope on heat rate test, we did not find the specific way
to solve this problem, therefore we conducted additional testing such a dirty air test to know
how the balance coal and air flow at coal pipe outlet pulverizer, and also isokinetic coal
sampling to get the valid sample of coal fineness to be sieved. The result on dirty air test
showed that coal and air flow for each coal pipes had deviation on dirty air velocity rich until
-17 % and +23 % compare to their average dirty air velocity, in the meanwhile EPRI
recommended that to have an optimum combustion, maximum toleration in dirty air velocity
only ±5 %. Coal fineness from isokinetic coal sampling showed 40-50 % passing through
200 mesh, where the recommendation value from EPRI 70%. It indicated that coal was
injected to the boiler not fine enough to get optimum combustion, and it was the dominant
effect on high unburned carbon. From the test result then we got specific way how to solve
the problem on high unburned carbon losses at Ombilin Steam Powerplant.
Keywords: Unburned Carbon Losses, Dirty Air Test, Isokinetic Coal Sampling, Coal
Fineness
58
Performance of Water Hammer Protection Systems in Pumping Station of Water Supply
Utility, PT. PDAM Surabaya
Firdaus Z. Nugraha1, a) , and Nur Ikhwan1, b)
1Mechanical Engineering Department of Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology Surabaya-

Indonesia
a) Corresponding author: firdauszakarianugraha@gmail.com
b)nur_ikhwan@me.its.ac.id
Abstract. Water hammer is a common phenomenon in piping system, especially for

delivering water in a large capacity. The presence of non-return valve installed after pump’s
discharge that preventing reverse rotation, can causes sudden change in flow direction and causes
water hammer. PT PDAM Surabaya installed fly wheel on each 4 (four) pump’s shaft and a surge
tank as water hammer protection system. This study is intended to evaluate performance of the
protection system against water hammer. The study uses a numerical simulation of water hammer
and is based on actual piping system. According to simulation result, existing protection system
is capable in eliminating water hammer when one of three running pumps is fails. However, when
the worst case appears (namely when all of three running pump are fail due to electricity black
out), it is predicted that the protection system will not be able to eliminate water hammer. The
resulted fluctuating pressure is above the allowable pipe strength (34,47 bar) and piping system
could be damaged by water hammer. For improving its performance, additional simulation is
performing by replacing surge tank with bladder surge tank. The additional simulation result
shows that bladder surge tank is able to eliminate fluctuating pressure into value bellow its pipe
strength (34,47 bar). Based on the simulations, it is recommended that PT PDAM Surabaya
installs bladder surge tank to prevent piping damage due to electricity black out.
59
Field Performance Measurement of Small-Scale Three-Dimensional
(3-D) Wind Turbines
Sutrisno1,a), Sigit Iswahyudi1, 2), Setyawan Bekti Wibowo1, 3), Widia Kartika1) and Fadhil
Qomar1)
1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,

Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Tidar, Magelang 56116, Indonesia.
3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vocation Program, Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

a)
Corresponding author: mrsutrisnougm@gmail.com
Abstract. This paper presents field performance measurement of a small scale 3-D wind
turbine rotor blade design and a standard straight rotor blade design. The measurements
were conducted at a point located 10 m from the shoreline in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The
rotors were mounted on a tower as high as 7 m. The rotors and an anemometer were
installed at the same height and the distance between the anemometer and the tower is
4.5 m. Bin method with bin speed of 0.5 m/s is applied to analyze the recorded data.4 th
order polynomial trend line is used to characterize the calculated mean powers. The
results show that 3-D wind turbine blade design yields higher power output and better
performance than the standard blade design.
60
Experimental Study Effect of Flange Addition on Mechanical Power of Diffuser
Augmented Counter Rotating Wind Turbine
Hermawan1, a), M. A. Bramantya1, b), Nur Kholis Majid1, c) and Andre Febrianto1, d)
1Mechanical and Industrial Department of Universtias Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia

a)hermawan@mail.ugm.ac.id
b)bramantya@ugm.ac.id
c)nur.kholis.m@mail.ugm.ac.id
d)andre.febrianto@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract. On this paper addition of flange on diffuser augmented counter rotating wind
turbine is investigated. The addition of flanged is expected increasing velocity of air that
flow inside the diffuser so turbine can converse more power from the wind. There are 3
sample of flange with different outer diameter to be tested on dual rotor wind turbine
which rotor counter rotating to the outer with 3 different flow velocity. The experimental
result shows that addition of flange improve the mechanical power of diffuser augmented
counter rotating wind turbine and the larger outer diameter made a better improvement
than the smaller one in almost all flow velocity on this experiment. The improvement is
up to 112% compare to the one without flange.
61
Study on Utilization of Gas Exhaust Diesel Power Generation For Micro Turbine
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)
Almas Aprilana1
Jakarta, Indonesia
(almas.aprilana@pln.co.id)
Harry Indrawan2
Jakarta, Indonesia
(harry.indrawan@pln.co.id)
ABSTRACT
This study aims to study the reuse of heat from exhaust gas diesel by using microturbine ORC to
improve thermal efficiency of diesel. The methodology undertaken is as follows: conducting
studies on heat exhaust potential, designing and optimizing PFD and appropriate working
thermodynamics working fluids; design and optimize all required equipment: water heater,
preheater, evaporator, turbine-generator, air cooler system or cooling tower and pumps.
The results of the discussion and analysis obtained the following conclusions: the study of the
utilization of exhaust gas Diesel Power Generation microturbine takes place in Lombok. From
field survey results and optimization results of available space in unit 2 & 3 engine configuration
and or engine configuration of units 5 & 6 which will be utilized exhaust gas for generator
microturbine ORC; in this study it has been determined that the design of ORC to generate 100
kW electrical energy and will be used for its own use; system design has 2 alternative system
design that is simple ORC and ORC with precuperator; 4 alternative working fluids are n-butane,
n-pentane, R-134a and R-245fa; 4 thermal fluid alternatives ie hot water, saturated steam,
Dowtherm A and Thermo XT 32; based on simulation results to generate 100 kW electrical
energy with the above design alternatives obtained optimal conditions on ORC system with
precuperator, n-pentane working fluid, thermal fluid Thermo XT 32, with heat and mass balance
model as follows; thermal efficiency 11,81%, mass flowrate n-pentane 1,92 kg / s and thermo XT
mass flowrate 3,67 kg / s and turbine inlet temperature 160.
Keywords : Exhaust gas, Working fluids
62
Turbulence Model and Validation of Air Flow in Crossflow Turbine Nozzle
1 2 3 4
Hariyotejo Pujowidodo1,2 *, Ahmad Indra Siswantara 2, , Budiarso2, , Gun Gun R Gunadi1,3, , and
5
Asyari Daryus1,4,
1Center for Thermodynamics, Engine, and Propulsion, BPP Teknologi, Serpong 15314,
Indonesia
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
(16424)
3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia (16424)
4Department of Mechanical Engineering. Universitas Darma Persada. Jl. Radin Inten II
(Terusan Casablanca) Pondok Kelapa
Abstract. As an initial analysis, numerical simulation has more advantages in saving time
and costs compared with experiments. Variations in flow conditions and geometry can be
adjusted easily to get results. CFD methods with k-ε model, RNG k-ε model and Reynolds
Stress Model (RSM) widely used in research on objects and different conditions, to be
produced on the appropriate model to use and the development of value constants.
Modeling studies appropriately in the turbulent flow simulation in the crossflow turbine
nozzle is done to get a more accurate result. The study was conducted by comparing the
results of the simulation k-ε model, RNG k-ε model and Reynolds Stress Model (RSM),
which is validated by the test results. The air gas has a static pressure of 1,55 bar, a
temperature of 971 K, a density of 0,39 kg/m3, a viscosity of 4x10-5 m2/s and a mass
flow rate of 0,32 kg/s. By comparing the simulation results k-ε model, RNG k-ε model
and Reynolds Stress Model (RSM), which is validated by the test results the third model
of turbulent give good results to predict the distribution of velocity and pressure of the
fluid flow in the crossflow turbine nozzle. As for predicting the turbulent kinetic energy,
turbulent dissipation rate, and turbulent effective viscosity, RSM turbulence models
recommend to be used for complex physical geometry.
1
hariyotejo.pujowidodo@bppt.go.id
2
a_indra@eng.ui.ac.id
3
budiarso@ui.ac.id
4
gungun.rg@mesin.pnj.ac.id
5
asyari@yahoo.com
63
Experimental Study of The Effect of Diffuser Length toMechanical Power Generated by
Counter Rotating Wind TurbineWith Variation of Addition of Inlet Nozzle
M. A. Bramantya1, a), Hermawan1, b), Andre Febrianto1, c), Nur Kholis Majid1, d)
1Departement of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada,

Yogyakarta, Indonesia
a)bramantya@ugm.ac.id
b)hermawan_jtmi@ugm.ac.id
c)andre.febrianto@mail.ugm.ac.id
d)nur.kholis.m@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract.The application of a diffuser in a wind turbine is used wind concentrating

device. The purpose of this study is to know the effect of diffuser lenght to mechanical
power generated by counter rotating wind turbine. In this study, two types of diffuser are
compared i.e. diffuser with inlet nozzle and diffuser without inlet nozzle. Those diffuser
have 20 cm, 40 cm and 60 cm length with 40 cm inlet diameter. The wind turbine has
airfoil NACA 0012 cross section for both rotor. Diameter offront and rear rotor are 23
cm and 40 cm, respectively. The axial distance between two rotor is 14 cm This study
conducted with wind speed variation of 4,29 m/s, 5,21 m/s and 6,1 m/s. The results
showed that length of diffuser can affect the generated maximum total power. The
enhancement is achieved up to 26% on a diffuser which has a 60 cm of lenght with a wind
speed of 6,1 m/s. Addition of the Inlet Nozzle is also enhance the generated maximum
total power. It can increase the generated maximum total power up to 43% at wind speed
of 6,1 m/s. The maximum of power coefficient was achieved up to 0,105 usingdiffuser
which has 60 cm-length with inlet nozzle at wind speed of 6,1 m/s.
64
THERMODYNAMICS AND ENERGY CONVERSION
65
Comparison of Steam Losses between Mechanical, Thermostatic and Thermodynamic
Steam Trap with Condensate Removal Device Brand Steampro
Amor Candrasa Nur Nawaksa1,a) and Rosyida Permatasari1,b)
1Mechanical Engineering Department, Trisakti University, Jakarta, Indonesia.

a)amor_candrasa@yahoo.com
b)Corresponding author: prosyida@gmail.com
Abstract. As a producer of packaged milk, PT. Frisian Flag Indonesia, especially Ciracas plant
requires steam in large quantities. Steam is used for heating in milk processing through heat
exchangers and heating of chemicals and water for cleaning in place. Steam pressure used to do
the heating is 300 kPa and 800 kPa. Condensate will occurs when steam is distributed to the
equipment. Currently the separation between steam and condensate uses thermodynamic,
thermostatic, and mechanical steam traps, but the condition often fails on the steam trap. Such
failure may result in steam being wasted along with condensate or even condensate being
wasted. This enables the boiler to work extra and require more fuel and water. This study was
conducted using Masoneilan formula to find the steam losses that occur in each steam trap and
compare it with the steampro branded condensate removal device. The expected result of this
research is the optimization of energy efficiency in PT. Frisian Flag Indonesia plant Ciracas by
replacing the steam trap to minimize the amount of steam losses due to the faults of the steam
trap.
66
Multi-Objective Optimization of a Herringbone Wavy Fin-and-Tube Condenser Design
Using Entropy Generation Minimization Method
Matheus M. Dwinanto a)Suhanan b) and Prajitno c)
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of

Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
a)Corresponding authors: m2dwir3fri@gmail.com

b)suhanan@ugm.ac.id
c)prajitno@ugm.ac.id
Abstract. In the present paper, a multi-objective design optimization of a herringbone

wavy fin-and-tube condenser by means of entropy generation minimization technique is
presented. The objectives are to minimize the dimensionless entropy generation number
associated with the heat transfer with finite temperature difference, and the fluid friction
with finite pressure drop as two objective functions using Non-dominated Sort Genetic
Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) technique. The results of optimal design are presented in a set
of multiple optimum solutions, called Pareto-optimal frontier and a final optimal solution
was selected. It was found that both entropy generation rates associated with finite
temperature difference and the finite pressure drop of the condenser were in optimum
state. Therefore, modeling and optimization of the condenser dimensions have provided
an optimal set of values for decision makers to freely select the desired heat transfer
surface area and condenser volume, whereby based on this optimization result the optimal
set of values has a distance to the equilibrium point is minimum and this can be justified
in decision making.
67
Preliminary Investigation of Natural Circulation Stability in FASSIP-01 Experimental
Facility using RELAP5 Code
Anhar R. Antariksawan1, a), Surip Widodo1, Mulya Juarsa1, Giarno1,M. Hadi Kusuma2,1 and
Nandy Putra2
1Center for Nuclear Reactor Technology and Safety, National Nuclear Energy Agency of
Indonesia (BATAN)
Building 80 Puspiptek Area Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15310, Indonesia
2Heat Transfer Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia
Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
a)Corresponding author:anhar@batan.go.id
Abstract. Natural circulation has an important role in the safety system of a nuclear reactor.
It is part of passive system, which is operated without any external prime mover. The behavior
of natural circulation shall be known to be effectively incorporated in the safety system of a
nuclear reactor. This paper describes the preliminary results of the study on natural circulation
conducted at a vertical rectangular experimental facility FASSIP-01. The RELAP5 code is
used to simulate the experiment. The goal is to study the validity of the RELAP 5 model to
analyze the natural circulation in FASSIP-01. The simulation could provide a reasonable good
results describing the natural circulation established in the rectangular loop of FASSIP-01.
However, there are still discrepancies with the experimental results, especially with regard to
mass flow rate and temperature distribution in the loop. The model needs be improved and
further comprehensive data from experiments are necessitated for better validation, as well.
68
Meshless Radial Basis Function Simulation
of Natural Convection in a Trapezoidal Cavity
Heated from Below
Eko Prasetya Budiana11,3,a), Indarto1, Deendarlianto1,2, Pranowo4

Gadjah Mada,
Jalan Grafika 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
2Center of Energy Studies, gadjah Mada University, Sekip K-1A Kampus UGM, Yogyakarta
55281, Indonesia
3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret,
Jalan Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia
4Department of Informatics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta,
Jalan Babarsari No. 44, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
a)Corresponding author: budiana.e@gmail.com
Abstract. Natural convection heat transfer within trapezoidal cavity has been studied
numerically. The present study is attended to reviewed heat and fluid flow patterns for natural
convection in a trapezoidal cavity with uniformly heated bottom wall. The left and right walls are
maintained at uniform cold temperature and the top wall is assumed to be thermally insulated.
The mathematical model is conducted by the mass, momentum and energy equations and solved
by applying multiquadrics radial basis function (MQRBF) method. The MQRBF method is
extended using an improved primitive variable formulation to solve the governing equations. The
method was based on implicit Euler scheme for temporal discretization and MQRBF method for
spatial discretization. The effects of Rayleigh number on the flow and heat transfer process in the
trapezoidal cavity are investigated. Stream function, isothermal patterns and the Nusselt number
are presented for the Rayleigh numbers varied as 103, 104 and 105. Comparing the numerical
results of a test case obtained using the present method with those obtained using finite element
and finite volume method shows very good agreement.
Keywords: natural convection, radial basis function, trapezoidal cavity
69
The Performance Comparison between Stack from Coconut Fiber and Plastic in Thermo-
acoustics Refrigeration
a) Muhamad Yulianto, b) Edy Hartulistiyoso, Jamhari Abidin
Department of Mechanical and Biosystem Engineering, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB)

FATETA-IPB Building, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor 16680 West Java-Indonesia
a)Corresponding author: muhamad_yulianto@ipb.ac.id, muhamad_yulianto@yahoo.com,

edyhartulistiyoso@ipb.ac.id
Abstract. This paper will discuss about the performance of thermo-acoustics refrigeration based
on different stack material from coconut fiber and plastics. The aim of this experimental is to
evaluate the possibility of using coconut Fiber as stack in thermo-acoustics refrigeration. The
thermo-acoustics refrigeration technology is proposed to be studied as an alternative solution to
overcome the environment problem and energy consume in vapor refrigeration system. The main
component in thermo-acoustics refrigeration is stack. The fix parameter used in this experiment
were length of stack in both from coconut Fiber and plastics. The variable experiments were
frequency and position of stack. The frequency varied from 150 hz, 200 hz, 250 hz, and 300 hz.
The position of stack varied at 0 to 34 cm from the sound generator. The data of temperature
collected using data acquisition (DAQ) every second. The result of the experiment shows that the
optimum temperature differences for stack from coconut Fiber occurred at position of 33 cm from
sound generation with frequency of 200 hz. The Stack from plastic has the optimum condition at
position 32 cm from sound generation with the same frequency of 200 hz.
70
Influence of Evaporator Temperature and Condenser Temperature on Organic Rankine
Cycle Efficiency
Muswar M1,a), M. Idrus Alhamid1, Nasruddin1, Dieter R1, Zaky S1, Edi M1
1Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
a) Corresponding author: muswar.muslim@ui.ac.id
Abstraction
Small-scale power plants are currently growing rapidly that are widely applied to remote areas
that have not reached electricity. Generally, the magnitude of small-scale power capacity
produced ranges from 1 to 5 kW. Power plant applications derived from various types of power
plants based on renewable energy technology. These applications include micro-hydro generators,
photo voltaic, biomass, wind, and other power plants. In this study applying power plants using
renewable energy technology is the application of the basic theory of organic rankine cycle system
(ORC). This ORC technology requires several important components in conducting its research,
among others: expander, evaporator, condenser, working fluid pump, electric motor and Heater
and Heat Exchanger (HHE). From the results of this study in electric motor power and efficiency
in the expander with an average of 0.076 kW and 4.44 %.
Keyword: HHE, Expander, Evaporator, Condenser, ORC.
71
Experimental Study on Performance of Standing-Wave Thermoacoustic Engine at
Different Tilted Angles and Resonator Length
Rinasa Agistya Anugrah1, Adhika Widyaparaga2, I Made Miasa3, Joko Waluyo4,

Sugiyanto5
1Student of Master Degree Progam Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah

Mada University
Jl. Grafika No.2 Kampus UGM Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
2,3,4Departement ofMechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah
Mada University
5Student of Doctoral Degree Progam Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah
Mada University
Corresponding author: rinasa.agistya.a@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract. Besides the stack, the parameter can convert the heat energy into sound wave, the other
parameter are tilted angles and resonator length which also have to be researched. The aim for the
research is resulted for the acoustic intensity greater so that the performance of standing-wave
thermoacoustic engine is increased. It is affected by tilted angles because the natural convection
will be different every tilted angle within thermoacoustic core. While the resonator length will
mainly affect the frequency of the thermoacoustic engine. The heat transfer characteristics within
it are investigated under 3 tilt angles including, -90°, 0°, and 90°, and also resonator length 390,
780, and 1170 mm. In this study, the acoustic intensity is calculated by the two sensors method.
It is found that the pressure amplitude tends to increase with decreasing tilted angles and resonator
length. The frequencyincreases when the resonator length is extended. Nevertheless, it is only has
little affected by different tilted angles. Therefore, the acoustic intensity is increased when the
tilted angles and resonator length are decreased.
72
Influence of Porosity of Stack in Close-Open Thermoacoustic Engine
Eddy S. Sijabat1, a), Adhika Widyaparaga 1, Joko Waluyo1, Samsul Kamal1, and Sugiyanto1

Gadjah Mada,
Jl. Teknika Utara, Yogyakarta 5528, Indonesia
a)Corresponding author: eddysijabat@gmail.com
Abstract. A close-open thermoacoustic engine was designed, constructed, and tested by using
air as wor-king gas. The stack was made of a pile stainless wire mesh with length of 30 mm. In
this study, performance and absorption incidental sound energy were investigated by changing
the porosity of stack. Experimental results show that porosity of stack was significantly influence
onset temperature, pressure amplitude and acoustic intensity due to viscous losses. The engine
achieved a steady working frequency of 87 Hz. Maximum acoustic intensity that can be achieved
is 1387 W/m2. Absorption sound power decreases when the hydraulic radius is reduced to the
same value as thermal penetration depth. It increases when the thermal penetration depth is greater
than hydraulic radius.
73
THE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF RESONATOR LENGTH ON
THE PERFORMANCE OF STANDING WAVE THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINE
Franido Prihandoto1, Adhika Widyaparaga2, Joko Waluyo3, Sugiyanto4
1Student of Master Degree Program Mechanical Engineering, Faculty Engineering, Gadjah

Mada University
Jalan Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia
2,3,4Departement of Mechanical and i\Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah
Mada University
5Student of Doctoral Degree Program Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Gadjah Mada University
Correspond author : franido.prihandoto@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract. An experimental study of the effect of the resonator length on the performance of
standing wave thermoacoustic (SWTE) engine is presented. Three different resonators length
with opening end were tested. SWTE consists of several main parts, there are a Hot Heat
Exchanger (HHX), a Cold Heat Exchanger (CHX), a resonator pipe, and a stack. CHX and HHX
were made of copper with 4 cm length. The stack was 3 cm lamination made of stainless steel
wire mesh screens with a mesh number of 10. The resonator pipe made of stainless steel with 5,2
cm inner diameter and we varied 630 cm, 1020 cm, and 1410 cm.We used battery charger which
has power 232 W to supply heat power into SWTE. This experimet achieved that the SWTE with
resonator length 630 cm generated the sound with the smallest onset temperature difference and
shortest time to reach the onset condition, those are 199,4oC and 1310 s, respectively. It also
generated the highest frequency of 135 Hz, pressure amplitude of 5,272 kPa, and highest
intensity of 10244 W/m2
74
Effects of Barrel Length and Diameter Ratio to Dimethyl Ether Jet Diffusion Flame
I Made K.Dhiputra1), Riesta Anggarani1, 2, a), Lutfi Aulia1,2), Dimitri Rulianto2)
1) Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Indonesia, Jl.Kampus UI, Depok 2)

Research and Development Center for Oil and Gas Technology “LEMIGAS”, Jl.Ciledug Raya
Kav.109 Kebayoran Lama, South Jakarta 12230
a)Corresponding author: riesta@lemigas.esdm.go.id, riesta.anggarani@gmail.com
Abstract. Dimethyl Ether (DME, CH3OCH3) is emerging as the most promising alternative fuels
in this decades, especially to substitute established fuels such as Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG),
diesel fuel, and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). DME is manufactured from various natural
resources such as coal, natural gas, and biomass. This study is aimed to investigate the jet
diffusion flame behavior of DME on atmospheric condition by the effect of L/Di ratio of the
barrel burner in terms of flame length, flame regime and the stability by means of experimental
measurements. A barrel burner designed for this experiment, applying 2 barrels with different
length/inner diameter ratio (L/Di). A burner tip with a centered hole with diameter 3.0 mm is
functioned as fuel injector. This system worked on unconfined space at atmospheric condition to
ensure an environment close to the household cooking condition, where DME is supposed to
substitute LPG. The comparison is made to know the behavior of jet diffusion flame of DME to
LPG.
75
Performance of Residential Air Conditioning Using Nanoparticles as Additive in the
Synthetic Lubricant
Tandi Sutandi1, a), K. Sumeru1, b)*,R. Imbang Tritjahjono2, c) and M.F. Sukri2, d)
Indonesia
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Bandung 40012,
Indonesia

a)
ade.tandi@gmail.com
b)r.imbang@polban.ac.id
*c)Corresponding author: sumeru@polban.ac.id
d)mohdfirdaus@utem.edu.my
Abstract.By introducing TiO2 nanoparticles in the lubricant, the solubility between the lubricant
and the refrigerant can be enhanced. Also, nanoparticles in the lubricant would cause the friction
coefficient in the compressor to decrease, and therefore, the input power of the compressor
reduced. An air conditioner with cooling capacity of 2.5 kW is utilized in the experiment. Five
different concentrations of nanoparticles, viz.: 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 gram of TiO 2 in one liter
of synthetic lubricant were investigated in the experiments. However, only TiO 2 nanoparticles
with concentration of 0.2 g/L were selected for the experiments because other concentrations did
not show significant performance improvement in the system. The results showed that the air
conditioner using R290 plus TiO2 nanoparticles in the synthetic lubricants worked efficiently with
power input of the air conditioner decreased by about 6.34% and the cooling capacity and the
COP increased by about 6.49% and 12.24%, respectively, compared to the system without
nanoparticles in the lubricant.
76

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IX

Book of Abstracts for 9th International Conference On Thermofluids 2017

Hotel Inna Garuda, Yogyakarta

9-10 November 2017

International Conference on Thermofluids IX 2017

Inna Garuda Hotel Yogyakarta, 9th – 10th November 2017

Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Cover Design dan Layout

Cetakan pertama, November 2017

Publication and Proceeding

Sponsorship & Fund Raiser

Executive Coordinator Event Planner

Executive Treasurer Decoration and Documentation

Dr. Indro Pranoto

Thursday, November 9th 2017 GMT +7 (WIB)

Track :Heat Mass Transfer and Phase Change (HT)

Optimization of Wire Drawing Die's Cooling System

Effect of Compressor Discharge Cooling Using

K. Sumeru, Cecep Sunardi, M.F. Sukri

The Effects of Liquid-Suction Heat Exchanger on the

Preliminary Investigation of Wickless-Heat Pipe as

Simulation of the Effect of the Condensing

Andriyanto Setyawan, Tandi Sutandi, Faldian

Cecep Sunardi, Markus, Andriyanto Setyawan

14.30 – 15.15 Coffee and Pray Break

Simulation and validation of PCM melting in

Joko Waluyo, Fajar Anggara, Tri Agung Rohmat ,

Thermal Behavior of Melting Paraffin Wax Process in

15.30 - 15.45 HT8 Joko Waluyo , Pathur Razi Ansyah, Suhanan,

Effect of Refrigerant Charge Variation of R32 as Drop-

Study on the Heat Transfer Enhancement of Double

Improvement Performance of The Double-Concentric

Experimental Performance of Adsorption Chiller with

Track :Multiphase Flow (MF)

Visualization Study on Oil-Water Separation

INTERFACIAL MOMENTUM AND TWO-PHASE

Visualization Study in the Transition Flow Pattern of

Experimental Study on The Characteristics of Flow

Induced Oil Droplet Coalescence Influence on

14.30 – 15.15 Coffee and Pray Break

Experimental Study of Interfacial Friction Factor on

The Characteristics of the Sub Regime of Slug Flow in

Oxygen/Nitrogen Bubbles in Flotation Deinking using

The effect of liquid viscosity to the gas-liquid two-

The Effect of Horizontal Pipe Length to the Onset of

Track : Renewable Energy and Energy Harvesting (RE)

Study The Potential of Wind Energy in East Sumba,

The Effect of Oxidation of Biodiesel B100 in Deposit

Thermodynamics Analysis of Single-Flash Wellhead

The Potency of Biohydrogen and Biomethane

Prima Zuldian, Zulaicha Dwi Astuti, S.D Sumbogo

The Structured and Unstructured CFD Characteristic

Utilization Distillate Low Grade Bioethanol as Fuel

14.30 – 15.15 Coffee and Pray Break

Study On Low Cost Methanol Production Utilizes

15.15 - 15.30 RE7 Joni Prasetyo, Astri Pertiwi, SD Sumbogo Murti,

Study on the Activities of Indonesian Clay as Catalyst

Metal Detection Sensor Using Energy Harvesting

Experimental Investigation of Vitamin C Yield of

E A Kosasih, M Rafdi, Firdaus

The Near Wake Interference Effect on the Performance

Track : Fluid Dynamics (FD)