A Project Report

Submitted by :
Amandeep Singh Mateyal (161855222914)

In practical fulfillment of the

Requirements for the award of the diploma
In
PRINCIPAL & WORKING OF GEYSER
at

SARDAR AMARJIT SINGH SAHI GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

TALWARA(HOSHIARPUR), PUNJAB (INDIA)-144216

(AFFILIATED TO THE PUNJAB STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

AND INDUSTRIAL TRAINING, CHANDIGARH)

MAY 2019
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sr. no Page no.

1. Candidate’s Declaration
2. Supervisor’s Certificate
3. Acknowledgements
4. Introduction
5. Concept Design
6. Finalized Design
7. Result
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project entitled “PRINCIPAL & WORKING OF GEYSER”
submitted for the Diploma in Electrical Engineering is my original work and the project
has not formed the basis for the award of any other degree, diploma, fellowship or any
other similar titles.

Signature of the Student

Place:

Date:

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project titled “PRINCIPAL & WORKING OF GEYSER “is
the bona fide work carried out by Amandeep Singh Mateyal a student of Diploma (EE)
of Sardar Amarjit Singh Sahi Government Polytechnic College, Talwara (Hoshiarpur)
affiliated to the Punjab State Board Of Technical Education And Industrial Training,
Chandigarh (India) during the academic year 2018-19, in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of the diploma in Electrical Engineering and that the project
has not formed the basis for the award previously of any other degree, diploma,
fellowship or any other similar title.

Signature of the Guide

Place:

Date:

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We wish to thank All my Department Teachers specially Mr. Sukeerat Pal Singh sir &
Mr. Rahul sir for his/her/their kind support and valuable guidance. It is their help and
support, due to which we became able to complete the design and technical report.
Without their support this report would not have been possible.

(Amandeep Singh Mateyal )

Electrical Engg.

SASS GPC Talwara

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 INTRODUCTION

PRINCIPAL & WORKING OF GEYSER

Geyser works on the principle that electrical energy is converted into heat energy.
Heating element is used to generate the heat to heat the water. The heater and immersion
rods have same principle but only difference is of controlling and protections in geysers.
Geysers are of three types:-
1. Pressure Type
2. Non-Pressure type
3. Instantaneous Type geysers

Now let’s discuss them one by one:-

1. Pressure Type Geysers:-
These Types of geysers are usually storage type geysers. In these geysers have a storage
tank where water is kept under pressure, this pressure allows hot water to flow in taps and
showers at good flow-rate.
In these geysers cold water inlet is kept at bottom of geyser and hot water outlet is kept at
Top of geyser. Whenever there is requirement of Hot water, hot water withdrawn get
equally displaced by cold water. By keeping cold water inlet at bottom of geyser ensures
that geyser never gets emptied and avoid the burning of heating element.

2. Non-Pressure type geysers:-

These geysers are very which similar to pressure type geysers with only difference is that
it has single outlet which displaces hot water when the valve on the cold water is opened.
In these geysers thermostat is installed on water supply system.

3. Instantaneous type Geysers:-

These type of geysers are available in both pressure and non-pressure types. But non-
pressure type instantaneous geysers are most commonly used. In these geysers heating
element is wired around the pipe. Heating element is used to heat the water matching the
flow rate. Heating element used in these type of geysers is of higher rating. Material used
for these geysers is of durable material so as to ensure safety.

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 Geyser Parts

There are following parts of a geyser:-

(a) Inlet Tube:- As clear from name it is used for cold water inlet in geyser
(b) Heating element :- This is used to heat the water
(c) Outlet valve:- This is used for hot water outlet from geyser
(d) Steel Tank/ Fiber Tank:- These are used to hold all parts of geyser and also water is
stored in this tank in case of storage type geysers.
(e) Pressure relief Valve:- This is used to protect the geyser in case of high pressure in
geyser which was generated during heating up of water.
(f) Temperature cut off Switch (thermostat):- This is used to switch off power supply
when temperature rises above the limit.
(g) Anticorrosion Anode rod:- This is used to keep steel tank free from corrosion. The rod
is usually made of magnesium which attracts corrosive elements and further prevents
tank from corrosion.
(h) Insulation:- Insulating material is used to keep water warm for long time. This material
used for insulation is an epoxy or glass lining

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While Selection of Geyser following points needed to be taken in consideration:-
1. Star Rating if Geyser
2. Standing losses per day:- These losses means if geyser is kept on 24 hrs when water get
heated up. Usually 25 Ltr 5 star Geyser standing losses/24 hrs are 0.5 KWH/24 hrs.
3. Short circuit protection in Geysers:- Although Pressure relief valve and Thermostat are
provided for protection of geysers. But now days additional Safety feature is provided in
geysers so as to protect the Humen beings against shock if Short circuit occurs in geysers,
in this protection 240 V supply get converted into 24/12 V supply during short circuit so
that shock doesn't occur.
Construction and Working

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As you can see from the image, there are two pipelines, one for inlet of cold water and
the other for outlet of the hot water. The water tank is fitted with heating element/s which
is/are controlled by thermostats. The function of the thermostat is to set the temperature
to a certain value so that water is not heated above that value.
The tank is normally covered with some insulating material such as glass wool and entire
assembly is enclosed inside a metal casing which can be hanged on the wall or wherever
required.
The sacrificial anode is used to protect the tank from corrosion by sacrificing itself and
helps to prolong the life of the tank.

Common Troubleshooting

Understanding the working principle of any device is the first step towards common
troubleshooting measures. It is not possible to list each and every trouble and its root
cause but some of the commonly occurring problems have been discussed.

Warning – Please be warned that electric heaters and similar devices can be dangerous if
you try to repair them unless and until you know what you are doing. So I would advice
you that if you are having any doubts or not clear about anything, do not try to tamper
around with the device. This could not only lead to further damage but more importantly
it could lead to a severe electric shock which could be fatal for life.
I will also be posting articles related to common safety measures when dealing with
electrical devices and what to do in case you find someone having suffered from a mild
or severe electric shock.

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CONCEPT DESIGN

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FINALIZED DESIGN

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 RESULT

WORKING GEYSER typically have even lower output. As a result, demand

water heaters are better suited for low-use applications like vacation homes,
rather than full-size homes with two or three baths. It is possible to install

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