PAPER 2 NAME

CLASS
:

:
Section B TEACHER’S NAME :

(Essay Question : Modification)

EXAMPLE 1

Diagram 1 shows a loaded lorry. Explain some

modifications that can be made to make sure the
loaded lorry is suitable to carry petrol safely.

Diagram 1

Modifications/characteristics Explanation
Far gap distance between tractor and trailer To prevent collisions between the trailer & the
tractor / to reduce impulsive force
The load of lorry should be divide into several Does not shake easily / to increase stability
small tanks
Use ABS/air brake Lorry does not stop immediately / lorry does not
skid / prevent lorry spinning on wet surface
Use many tyres Can support heavy load / avoid major damage
to the road / high surface area produce low
pressure
Small belt behind lorry To discharge spark / to flow the charges to the
ground / to avoid burning the petrol
*any reasonable ideas can be accepted

EXAMPLE 2

Diagram 2 shows an arm exercise kit. A body builder

needs to design an arm exercise kit for training
purposes. Suggest and explain how an arm exercise
kit can function effectively.

Diagram 2

Modifications/characteristics
Springs are made of steel
Spring coil is made from thicker wire
Spring coil has smaller diameter
Springs are arranged in parallel
Explanation
Stiffer / can withstand higher force
More stiff / do not break easily
To increase the stiffness/ small and easy to
handle
Less extension/ less elastic/ need greater force
to extend the spring

Two ends of the springs are tied loosely to a longer To prevent the springs from being extended
inextensible cord beyond the elastic limit/ to protect the user if the
springs break/ avoid from injuries
*any reasonable ideas can be accepted

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EXERCISE 1

Diagram 1 shows a motorcycle in a racing

competition. Give suggestion to design a
motorcycle which can travel safely and faster.

Diagram 1

Modifications/characteristics Explanation

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EXERCISE 2

Diagram 2 shows a football player in a football

match. Suggest the suitable cloth and the best
techniques to catch ball to prevent injury for
goalkeeper.

Diagram 2

Modifications/characteristics Explanation

10
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 PAPER 2
Section B
(Essay Question : Comparison)

QUESTION 1

1. Diagram 1.1 and diagram 1.2 show the two athletes landing after a high jump in a sport
event.

Diagram 1.1 Diagram 1.2

Based on Diagram 1.1 and 1.2,

Compare :
(i) the ways how the athletes land [1 mark]
(ii) the time of contact when they land [1 mark]
(iii) the force exerted on them. [1 mark]

Relate :
(iv) the time of contact with the force exerted. [1 mark]

Deduce :
(v) A relevant physics concept involved. [1 mark]

ANSWER

3
QUESTION 2

2. Diagram 2.1 and diagram 2.2 show the egg being dropped onto two different surface.

egg
before before

after

after

wooden block sponge

Diagram 2.1 Diagram 2.2

Based on Diagram 2.1 and 2.2,
Compare the surface used when the egg being dropped, the time of impact when the egg
dropped, and the effect force exerted on them.

Relate the time of contact with the effect of force and state a relevant physics concept involved.

[5 marks]

ANSWER

4
 PAPER 2
Section C
(Essay Question : Making Decision)
EXAMPLE

Diagram 1 shows a machine controlled

by a worker for dumping soil. A hydraulic
hydraulic system helps to move the bucket
fluid containing soil.

You are required to determine the most

suitable car for making a sport car and
the characteristics of four cars, P, Q, R,
and S shown in Table 1.

Diagram 1

Melting point of metal used Increase in velocity Braking

Cars Mass / kg
in car engine / ℃ per unit time / ms-1 distance / m

300 70 150
520
P

1500 800 60 100

Q

380 400 60 180

R

200 500 70 120

S
Table 1

Explain the suitability of the aspects and determine the most suitable car. Give reasons for the choice.
[10 marks]

Characteristics Explanation
Small mass of car Easy to handle

High melting point of metal used in car engine The engine does not melt although the energy
produce by combustion is high

The change in velocity per unit time is high Produce high acceleration // car moves faster in
short time

The braking distance is short The car can be stopped in the shortest possible
time

The best choice is S Because the mass is small, the melting point of
metal of engine is high, the change in velocity
per unit time is high and the braking distance is
short.
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QUESTION 1

Diagram 2 shows a tennis player is hitting a

tennis ball with his racket.

You are required to investigate the techniques

done by the player and the characteristics of the
racket’s string as shown in Table 1.

Diagram 2

Time of contact
String Material of the
Techniques Action after hitting the ball between the ball
tension string
and racket

Continue to swing the racket

Long High Steel
after hitting the ball
A

Continue to swing the racket

Short High Nylon
B after hitting the ball

Stops the racket immediately

Short Low Steel
C after hitting the ball

Stops the racket immediately

Long Low Nylon
D after hitting the ball

Table 2

Explain the suitability of the techniques done by the tennis player and characteristics of the racket’s string.
Determine the most effective technique done by the tennis player to produce high speed motion of the tennis
ball after being hit. Give reasons for the choice.
[10 marks]

Characteristics Explanation

The best choice is Because

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ANSWER SCHEME

EXERCISE 1

Modifications/characteristics Explanation
Streamline shape Reduce water and air resistance
Smooth surface board Reduce friction toward water
Low density material Lighter, easier to float and sail faster
Wider sail Greater lifting force
Waterproof sail not absorb water/ unbreakable

EXERCISE 2

Modifications/characteristics
Wear glove
Base of shoes has stud
The ball should have enough air pressure inside
The goal keeper should move his hands
backwards when catching the ball
Wearing cloth of light and low density material
Explanation
Reduce painful of hands by great impulsive
force
Avoid from skidding and produce stronger
support
Shorter time of contact so the ball will has high
speed to travel far away
Prolong the time taken to reduce impulsive
force
To reduce air resistance and can move freely

SECTION B

QUESTION 1

NO ANSWER SCHEME MARK

1 (b) Athlete in diagram 1.1 is bending his leg while athlete diagram 1.2 is 1
straightening his leg.

Time of contact for athlete in diagram 1.1 is longer than the time of
contact for athlete in diagram 1.2. 1

Force exerted on athlete in diagram 1.1 is less than force exerted on

athlete diagram 1.2.
1
The longer the time of contact, the lower the force exerted.
1
Relevant physics concept involved is Impulsive force.
1

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QUESTION 2

NO ANSWER SCHEME MARK

2 (b) The surface used when the egg being dropped in diagram 2.1 is 1
harder than surface in diagram 2.2

Time of impact when egg being dropped in diagram 2.1 is shorter

than time of impact in diagram 2.2 1

Effect of force exerted on egg in diagram 2.1 is higher than the effect
of force exerted on egg diagram 2.2.
1
The shorter the time of contact, the higher the effect of force.
1
Relevant physics concept involved is Impulsive force.
1

SECTION C

QUESTION 1

Characteristics Explanation
Continue to swing the racket after hitting the ball Ball will move further // produce higher impulse

Short time of contact between the ball and High impulsive force
racket

High string tension High impulsive force // ball move with high
acceleration

Nylon High durability // not easy to break // more

elastic

The best choice is B Because it continue to swing the racket after

hitting the ball, short time of contact between the
ball and racket, high string tension, and nylon