Procedure and Scope

This Pressure Drop Calculator is designed for Newtonian Liquids and is for general use.
The methods used are Hooper's 2K and Darby's 3K method as they give the better curve fits for pressure loss
vs k factor data for various fittings. The advantage with both the methods is that K values are compensated
for change in Reynolds Number and pipe internal diameter as well, unlike other famous methods.
This compensation brings more accuracy to the pressure drop calculation at any flowrate.

User can input the Pipe ID from the standard drop down list or use their own data
Please check that proper option is chosen to input the pipe diameter

Though the spreadsheet takes input parameters in metric system, the corresponding
calculated values in IP system give a clue to the user if they are not comfortable with metric system

The friction factor is calculated using Poiseuille's equation for laminar flow and Colebrook's equation
for transitional and turbulent flows. However, Katmar's (fellow member at eng-tips.com) version of Churchill
be used as one single equation for all kinds of flow. I must appreciate Katmar (Harvey) for this.

I personally opine that, as both Hooper's and Darby's methods give better pressure loss values when compared
with conventional methods, collective data can be used for final pressure drop calculation, in the absence of
suitable correlations. For ex. as there are no correlations of K, incase of Darby, for miters other than 2 welds
and also for reducers, expanders and orifices, Hooper's values can be included to the final value
of Darby's. I didn't include this in my calculation, at this juncture, and it is users discretion
to use any other suitable method or logic.

This calculator is comfortable with single pipe size and I suggest, if there is a variation of pipe size, to
calculate the sections independantly. In a nut shell, my suggestion is not to calculate reducer and expander
pressure drops in a single step.

The friction factor worksheet calculates Darcy's friction factor by Colebrook's equation. However,
When dealing with Colebrook's equation, 5 steps of iteration are generally sufficient.
I also included other explicit equations for the calculation of friction factor, based on the article
Estimate friction factor accurately by TK Serghides appeared in March' 84 volume of Chemical Engineering
Magazine.

Good Luck,

Ravi Sankar
 Pressure Drop Calculator
Select the Option ® Standard Use Cells C4 and D4
Nominal Size and Schedule 32" 40
Pipe ID (For pipes not in above list) 0.0394 inches
Flow Rate (Input) 31588 m3/hr 139081.96 gpm
Density(r) (Input) 1000 kg/m3 62.43 lb/ft3
Dynamic Viscosity (µ) (Input) 1.3 cP
Absolute Roughness (e) (Input) 0.0015 mm 0.0001 inches

Velocity (V) 3.10 m/s 10.17 feet/sec

Inner Diameter (ID) 1.8980 m 74.724 inches
Reynolds Number (NRe) 4527244
Friction Factor (f) 0.018640
Procedure 2-K 3-K
Total Pressure Drop (m) 8.73 6.44
Total Pressure Drop (Pa) 85655.45 63149.47
Total Pressure Drop (psi) 12.40 9.16
Shear Force 83 N/m2

Input the values in appropriate cells of Column C below

Component Qty Unit Hooper 2-K Darby 3-K

Elevation 0 m 0.000 0.000
Pipe Length 380 m 1.829 1.829
900 Elbow
Threaded, r/D = 1 0 No 0.000 0.000
Threaded, Long Radius, r/D = 1.5 0 No 0.000 0.000
Flanged, Welded, Bend, r/D = 1 3 No 0.373 0.281
Flanged, Welded, Bend, r/D = 2 0 No 0.000
Flanged, Welded, Bend, r/D = 4 0 No 0.000
Flanged, Welded, Bend, r/D = 6 0 No 0.000
Mitered, 1 Weld, 90 Degree 0 No 0.000 0.000
Mitered, 2 Welds, 45 Degree 0 No 0.000 0.000
Mitered, 3 Welds, 30 Degree 0 No 0.000 0.000
Mitered, 4 Welds, 22.5 Degree 0 No 0.000
Mitered, 5 Welds, 18 Degree 0 No 0.000
450 Elbow
Standard, r/D = 1 0 No 0.000 0.000
Long Radius, r/D = 1.5 0 No 0.000 0.000
Mitered, 1 Weld, 45 Degree 0 No 0.000 0.000
Mitered, 2 Welds, 22.5 Degree 0 No 0.000 0.000
1800 Elbow
Threaded, r/D = 1 0 No 0.000 0.000
Flanged/ Welded, r/D = 1 0 No 0.000 0.000
Long Radius, r/D = 1.5 0 No 0.000 0.000
Tees
As Elbow
Standard, Threaded, r/D = 1 0 No 0.000 0.000
Long Radius, threaded, r/D = 1.5 0 No 0.000 0.000
Standard, Flanged/Welded, r/D = 1 15 No 5.961 4.317
Stub-in Branch 0 No 0.000 0.000
Run Through Threaded, r/D = 1 0 No 0.000 0.000
Run Through Flanged/Welded, r/D = 1 0 No 0.000 0.000
Run Through Stub in Branch 0 No 0.000 0.000
Valves
Angle Valve - 45 Degree, b = 1 0 No 0.000 0.000
Angle Valve - 90 Degree, b = 1 0 No 0.000
Globe Valve, b = 1 0 No 0.000 0.000
Plug Valve, Branch Flow 0 No 0.000
Plug Valve, Straight Through 0 No 0.000 0.000
Plug Valve, 3-way, Flow Through 0 No 0.000
Gate Valve, b = 1 0 No 0.000 0.000
Ball Valve, b = 1 1 No 0.075 0.017
Butterfly Valve 4 No 0.497
Diaphragm Valve, Dam Type 0 No 0.000 0.000
Swing Check Valve, Vmin = 35r-1/2 0 No 0.000 0.000
Lift Check Valve, Vmin = 40r-1/2 0 No 0.000 0.000
Tilting Disk Check Valve 0 No 0.000
Reducers
Second ID 1 Inches
Angle 0 Degrees
Square Reducer 0 No 0.000
Tapered Reducer 0 No 0.000
Round Reducer 0 No 0.000
Expander
Second ID 1 Inches
Angle 0 Degrees
Square Expander 0 No 0.000
Tapered Expander 0 No 0.000
Round Expander 0 No 0.000
Orifice
Diameter (ID of Orifice) 1 Inches
Length (Thickness of the Thick Orifice) 1 Inches
Thin 0 No 0.000
Thick 0 No 0.000
1.828941
 Explicit Equations of Friction Factor and Colebrook's Equation

1 Churchill's Equation (for any Re and ε/D)

f= 8((8/Re)12 + 1/(A+B)1.5)1/12

A= (-2.457ln((7/Re)0.9+0.27ε/D))16

B= (37530/Re)16 e 0.0015

R 4527243.75993803 ε/D 0.0007903056

A 1.14E+21
B 4.97E-34
f 0.01866900

2 Serghides' Equation (Re>2100 and for any ε/D)

f= [A - ((B-A)2/(C-2B+A))]-2

A= -2.0 log((ε/D/3.7) + (12/Re))

B= -2.0 log ((ε/D/3.7)+(2.51A/Re))

C= -2.0 log ((ε/D/3.7) + (2.51B/Re))

A 7.3301009287
B 7.324442481
C 7.3244550002
f 0.01864015

3 Moody's Equation (4000 ≤ Re ≤ 107 and ε/D ≤ 0.01)

f= 5.5 x 10-3 (1+ (2 x 104ε/D + 106/Re)1/3)

f 0.01936692

4 Wood's Equation (Re ≥ 4000 and for any ε/D)

f= 0.094(ε/D)0.225 + 0.53(ε/D) + 88(ε/D)0.44Rea

a= -1.62(ε/D)0.134

a -0.6220417742
f 0.01953605

5 Jain's Equation (5000 < Re < 107 and 0.00004 < ε/D < 0.05)

1/f1/2 = 1.14 - 2.0log(e/D + (21.25/Re0.9))

 or f = 1/(1.14 - 2.0log(e/D + (21.25/Re0.9)))2

f 0.01865852

6 Chen's Equation (for any Re and ε/D)

1/f1/2 = -2.0 log((ε/D/3.7065) - (5.0452A/Re))

or f = 1/(-2.0 log((ε/D/3.7065) - (5.0452A/Re)))2
A= log((ε/D)1.1098/2.8257 + (5.8506/Re0.8981))

A -3.8734858492
f 0.01863774

7 Zigrang and Sylvester's Equation (4000 < Re < 10 8 and 0.00004 < ε/D < 0.05) - (1)

1/f1/2 = -2.0A
or f = 1/4A2
A= log((ε/D/3.7) - (5.02/Re)* log ((ε/D/3.7) + (13/Re)))

A -3.6622222215
f 0.01864020

8 Zigrang and Sylvester's Equation (4000 < Re < 10 8 and 0.00004 < ε/D < 0.05) - (2)

1/f1/2 = -2.0log ((e/d/3.7) - (5.02A/Re))

or f = 1/(-2.0log ((e/d/3.7) - (5.02A/Re)))2

f 0.01864015

9 Colebrook's Equation

1/f1/2 = -2.0 log((e/D/3.7) + (2.51/Ref1/2))

or f = 1/(-2.0 log((e/D/3.7) + (2.51/Ref1/2)))2
f= 0.02

f 0.01863729 0.01864016 0.01864015 0.01864015

Note: Friction factor from Colebrook's equation generally converges after 4 steps of iteration.
If it doesn't converge, copy paste the previous cell to next cell and input the correct cell values for
Reynolds Number(C11) and Effective Roughness(F11)

10 Katmar - Using Churchill, but with Colebrook substituted for "A"

A 1.151E+21
B 4.974E-34
f 0.01864015
0.01864015
Comparision of Friction Factors from various Explicit Equations w.r.to Colebrook's Equation

Re e/D Colebrook Churchill Serghide Moody

4527244 0.0007903056 0.01864015 0.01866900 0.01864015 0.01936692

Error (%) 0.155 0.000 3.899

Note: Zigrang's equation considered in this comparison is the second equation

 Wood Jain Chen Zigrang Katmar
0.01953605 0.01865852 0.01863774 0.01864015 0.01864015

4.806 0.099 -0.013 0.000 0.000

 Hooper's 2-K Friction Factor Method

Fitting Type Geometry K1 K¥

Elbow - 90 Degree Standard, Screwed r/D = 1 800 0.40
Standard, Flanged/Welded r/D = 1 800 0.25
Long Radius, all types r/D = 1.5 800 0.20
Mitered, 1 Weld, 90 Degree r/D = 1.5 1000 1.15
Mitered, 2 Welds, 45 Degree r/D = 1.5 800 0.35
Mitered, 3 Welds, 30 Degree r/D = 1.5 800 0.30
Mitered, 4 Welds, 22.5 Degree r/D = 1.5 800 0.27
Mitered, 5 Welds, 18 Degree r/D = 1.5 800 0.25
Elbow - 45 Degree Standard, all types r/D = 1 500 0.20
Long Radius, all types r/D = 1.5 500 0.15
Mitered, 1 Weld, 45 Degree 500 0.25
Mitered, 2 Welds, 22.5 Degree 500 0.15
Elbows - 180 Degree Standard, Screwed r/D = 1 1000 0.60
Standard, Flanged/Welded r/D = 1 1000 0.35
Long Radius, all types r/D = 1.5 1000 0.30
Tees Through Branch (as elbow)
Standard, Screwed 500 0.70
Long Radius, Screwed 800 0.40
Standard, Flanged/Welded 800 0.80
Stub-in Branch 1000 1.00
Run Through Threaded r/D = 1 200 0.10
Run Through Flanged/Welded r/D = 1 150 0.50
Run Through Stub-in Branch 100 0.00
Valve Gate Valve Full Line Size, b = 1 300 0.10
Ball Valve Reduced Trim, b = 0.9 500 0.15
Plug Valve Reduced Trim, b = 0.9 1000 0.25
Globe Standard 1500 4.00
Globe Angle or Y type 1000 2.00
Diaphragm Valve Dam-Type 1000 2.00
Butterfly Valve 800 0.25
Check Valve Lift 2000 10.00
Check Valve Swing 1500 1.50
Check Valve Tilting Disk 1000 0.50
Reducer Square Reducer
Tapered Reducer
Round Reducer
Expander Square Expander
Tapered Expander
Round Expander
Orifice Thin
Thick

Formula

K = K1/NRe + K¥(1+1/ID)

Reference: The two-K method predicts by William B. Hooper published in August, 1981 issue of
Chemical Engineering Magazine
Calculate head loss caused by change in pipe size by William B. Hooper
in November, 1988 issue of Chemical Engineering Magazine
 K 74.7244 ID
0.406 4527243.76 NRe
0.254 1 Second ID
0.203 0 Angle
1.166 1 Second ID (E)
0.355 0 Angle (E)
0.304 0.018640149 f
0.274 1 ID (O)
0.254 0.0254 Length (O)
0.203
0.152
0.253
0.152
0.608
0.355
0.304

0.709
0.406
0.811
1.014
0.101
0.507
0.000
0.101
0.152
0.254
4.054
2.027
2.027
0.254
10.134
1.520
0.507
18982432.719
0.000
3118156.538
31631721.878
0.000
31631721.878
84794881.85
84171453.047

gust, 1981 issue of

 Darby's 3-K Friction Factor Method

Fitting Type Geometry Km Ki Kd Kf

Elbow - 90 Degree Threaded, Standard r/D = 1 800 0.14 4.0 0.294
Threaded, Long Radius r/D = 1.5 800 0.071 4.2 0.153
Flanged, Welded, Bend r/D = 1 800 0.091 4.0 0.191
Flanged, Welded, Bend r/D = 2 800 0.056 3.9 0.116
Flanged, Welded, Bend r/D = 4 800 0.066 3.9 0.137
Flanged, Welded, Bend r/D = 6 800 0.075 4.2 0.162
Mitered, 1 Weld, 90 Degree 1000 0.27 4.0 0.566
Mitered, 2 Welds, 45 Degree 800 0.068 4.1 0.145
Mitered, 3 Welds, 30 Degree 800 0.035 4.2 0.075
Elbow - 45 Degree Threaded, Standard r/D = 1 500 0.071 4.2 0.153
Long Radius r/D = 1.5 500 0.052 4.0 0.109
Mitered, 1 Weld, 45 Degree 500 0.086 4.0 0.180
Mitered, 2 Welds, 22.5 Degree 500 0.052 4.0 0.109
Elbows - 180 Degree Threaded, Colsed Return Bend r/D = 1 1000 0.23 4.0 0.482
Flanged r/D = 1 1000 0.12 4.0 0.252
All r/D = 1.5 1000 0.10 4.0 0.210
Tees Through Branch (as elbow)
Threaded r/D = 1 500 0.274 4.0 0.575
Threaded r/D = 1.5 800 0.14 4.0 0.294
Flanged r/D = 1 800 0.28 4.0 0.587
Stub-in Branch 1000 0.34 4.0 0.713
Run Through Threaded r/D = 1 200 0.091 4.0 0.191
Flanged r/D = 1 150 0.017 4.0 0.036
Stub-in Branch 100 0 0 0.000
Valves Angle Valve - 45 Degree Full Line Size, b = 1 950 0.25 4.0 0.524
Angle Valve - 90 Degree Full Line Size, b = 1 1000 0.69 4.0 1.447
Globe Valve Standard, b = 1 1500 1.70 3.6 3.378
Plug Valve Branch Flow 500 0.41 4.0 0.860
Plug Valve Straight Through 300 0.084 3.9 0.174
Plug Valve Three-Way (flow through) 300 0.14 4.0 0.294
Gate Valve Standard, b = 1 300 0.037 3.9 0.077
Ball Valve Standard, b = 1 300 0.017 4.0 0.036
Diaphragm Valve Dam-Type 1000 0.69 4.9 1.617
Swing Check Valve Vmin = 35r-1/2 1500 0.46 4.0 0.965
Lift Check Valve Vmin = 40r-1/2 2000 2.85 3.8 5.819

Formula

Kf = (Km/Nre)+Ki[1+(Kd/Din0.3)]

Reference: Correlate Pressure Drops Through Fittings By Ron Darby published in April 2001 Issue of
Chemical Engineering Journal
74.7244094488 ID
4527243.76 NRe
 Pipe Size Data

Nominal Outside Dia. CS Pipe SS Pipe Thickness Inside Dia. Inside Dia.
Size inch Type Sch No. inch inch mm
1/8 0.405 - - 10S 0.049 0.307 7.80
1/8 STD 40 40S 0.068 0.269 6.83
1/8 XS 80 80S 0.095 0.215 5.46
1/4 0.540 - - 10S 0.065 0.410 10.41
1/4 STD 40 40S 0.088 0.364 9.25
1/4 XS 80 80S 0.119 0.302 7.67
3/8 0.675 - - 10S 0.065 0.545 13.84
3/8 STD 40 40S 0.091 0.493 12.52
3/8 XS 80 80S 0.126 0.423 10.74
1/2 0.840 - - 5S 0.065 0.710 18.03
1/2 - - 10S 0.083 0.674 17.12
1/2 STD 40 40S 0.109 0.622 15.80
1/2 XS 80 80S 0.147 0.546 13.87
1/2 - 160 - 0.187 0.466 11.84
1/2 XXS XXS - 0.294 0.252 6.40
3/4 1.050 - - 5S 0.065 0.920 23.37
3/4 - - 10S 0.083 0.884 22.45
3/4 STD 40 40S 0.113 0.824 20.93
3/4 XS 80 80S 0.154 0.742 18.85
3/4 - 160 - 0.219 0.612 15.54
3/4 XXS XXS - 0.308 0.434 11.02
1 1.315 - - 5S 0.065 1.185 30.10
1 - - 10S 0.109 1.097 27.86
1 STD 40 40S 0.133 1.049 26.64
1 XS 80 80S 0.179 0.957 24.31
1 - 160 - 0.250 0.815 20.70
1 XXS XXS - 0.358 0.599 15.21
1 1/4 1.660 - - 5S 0.065 1.530 38.86
1 1/4 - - 10S 0.109 1.442 36.63
1 1/4 STD 40 40S 0.140 1.380 35.05
1 1/4 XS 80 80S 0.191 1.278 32.46
1 1/4 - 160 - 0.250 1.160 29.46
1 1/4 XXS XXS - 0.382 0.896 22.76
1 1/2 1.900 - - 5S 0.065 1.770 44.96
1 1/2 - - 10S 0.109 1.682 42.72
1 1/2 STD 40 40S 0.145 1.610 40.89
1 1/2 XS 80 80S 0.200 1.500 38.10
1 1/2 - 160 - 0.281 1.338 33.99
1 1/2 XXS XXS - 0.400 1.100 27.94
2 2.375 - - 5S 0.065 2.245 57.02
2 - - 10S 0.109 2.157 54.79
2 STD 40 40S 0.154 2.067 52.50
2 XS 80 80S 0.218 1.939 49.25
2 - 160 - 0.344 1.687 42.85
2 XXS XXS - 0.436 1.503 38.18
2 1/2 2.875 - - 5S 0.083 2.709 68.81
2 1/2 - - 10S 0.120 2.635 66.93
2 1/2 STD 40 40S 0.203 2.469 62.71
2 1/2 XS 80 80S 0.276 2.323 59.00
2 1/2 - 160 - 0.375 2.125 53.98
 Pipe Size Data

Nominal Outside Dia. CS Pipe SS Pipe Thickness Inside Dia. Inside Dia.
Size inch Type Sch No. inch inch mm
2 1/2 XXS XXS - 0.552 1.771 44.98
3 3.500 - - 5S 0.083 3.334 84.68
3 - - 10S 0.120 3.260 82.80
3 STD 40 40S 0.216 3.068 77.93
3 XS 80 80S 0.300 2.900 73.66
3 - 160 - 0.438 2.624 66.65
3 XXS XXS - 0.600 2.300 58.42
3 1/2 4.000 - - 5S 0.083 3.834 97.38
3 1/2 - - 10S 0.120 3.760 95.50
3 1/2 STD 40 40S 0.226 3.548 90.12
3 1/2 XS 80 80S 0.318 3.364 85.45
4 4.500 - - 5S 0.083 4.334 110.08
4 - - 10S 0.120 4.260 108.20
4 STD 40 40S 0.237 4.026 102.26
4 XS 80 80S 0.337 3.826 97.18
4 - 120 - 0.438 3.624 92.05
4 - 160 - 0.531 3.438 87.33
4 XXS XXS - 0.674 3.152 80.06
5 5.563 - - 5S 0.109 5.345 135.76
5 - - 10S 0.134 5.295 134.49
5 STD 40 40S 0.258 5.047 128.19
5 XS 80 80S 0.375 4.813 122.25
5 - 120 - 0.500 4.563 115.90
5 - 160 - 0.625 4.313 109.55
5 XXS XXS - 0.750 4.063 103.20
6 6.625 - - 5S 0.109 6.407 162.74
6 - - 10S 0.134 6.357 161.47
6 STD 40 40S 0.280 6.065 154.05
6 XS 80 80S 0.432 5.761 146.33
6 - 120 - 0.562 5.501 139.73
6 - 160 - 0.719 5.187 131.75
6 XXS XXS - 0.864 4.897 124.38
8 8.625 - - 5S 0.109 8.407 213.54
8 - - 10S 0.148 8.329 211.56
8 - 20 - 0.250 8.125 206.38
8 - 30 - 0.277 8.071 205.00
8 STD 40 40S 0.322 7.981 202.72
8 - 60 - 0.406 7.813 198.45
8 XS 80 80S 0.500 7.625 193.68
8 - 100 - 0.594 7.437 188.90
8 - 120 - 0.719 7.187 182.55
8 - 140 - 0.812 7.001 177.83
8 XXS XXS - 0.875 6.875 174.63
8 - 160 - 0.906 6.813 173.05
10 10.750 - - 5S 0.134 10.482 266.24
10 - - 10S 0.165 10.420 264.67
10 - 20 - 0.250 10.250 260.35
10 - 30 - 0.307 10.136 257.45
10 STD 40 40S 0.365 10.020 254.51
10 XS 60 80S 0.500 9.750 247.65
 Pipe Size Data

Nominal Outside Dia. CS Pipe SS Pipe Thickness Inside Dia. Inside Dia.
Size inch Type Sch No. inch inch mm
10 - 80 - 0.594 9.562 242.87
10 - 100 - 0.719 9.312 236.52
10 - 120 - 0.844 9.062 230.17
10 XXS 140 - 1.000 8.750 222.25
10 - 160 - 1.125 8.500 215.90
12 12.750 - - 5S 0.156 12.438 315.93
12 - - 10S 0.180 12.390 314.71
12 - 20 - 0.250 12.250 311.15
12 - 30 - 0.330 12.090 307.09
12 STD STD 40S 0.375 12.000 304.80
12 - 40 - 0.406 11.938 303.23
12 XS XS 80S 0.500 11.750 298.45
12 - 60 - 0.562 11.626 295.30
12 - 80 - 0.688 11.374 288.90
12 - 100 - 0.844 11.062 280.97
12 XXS 120 - 1.000 10.750 273.05
12 - 140 - 1.125 10.500 266.70
12 - 160 - 1.312 10.126 257.20
14 14.000 - - 5S 0.156 13.688 347.68
14 - - 10S 0.188 13.624 346.05
14 - 10 - 0.250 13.500 342.90
14 - 20 - 0.312 13.376 339.75
14 STD 30 - 0.375 13.250 336.55
14 - 40 - 0.438 13.124 333.35
14 XS XS - 0.500 13.000 330.20
14 - 60 - 0.594 12.812 325.42
14 - 80 - 0.750 12.500 317.50
14 - 100 - 0.938 12.124 307.95
14 - 120 - 1.094 11.812 300.02
14 - 140 - 1.250 11.500 292.10
14 - 160 - 1.406 11.188 284.18
16 16.000 - - 5S 0.165 15.670 398.02
16 - - 10S 0.188 15.624 396.85
16 - 10 - 0.250 15.500 393.70
16 - 20 - 0.312 15.376 390.55
16 STD 30 - 0.375 15.250 387.35
16 XS 40 - 0.500 15.000 381.00
16 - 60 - 0.656 14.688 373.08
16 - 80 - 0.844 14.312 363.52
16 - 100 - 1.031 13.938 354.03
16 - 120 - 1.219 13.562 344.47
16 - 140 - 1.438 13.124 333.35
16 - 160 - 1.594 12.812 325.42
18 18.000 - - 5S 0.165 17.670 448.82
18 - - 10S 0.188 17.624 447.65
18 - 10 - 0.250 17.500 444.50
18 - 20 - 0.312 17.376 441.35
18 STD STD - 0.375 17.250 438.15
18 - 30 - 0.438 17.124 434.95
18 XS XS - 0.500 17.000 431.80
 Pipe Size Data

Nominal Outside Dia. CS Pipe SS Pipe Thickness Inside Dia. Inside Dia.
Size inch Type Sch No. inch inch mm
18 - 40 - 0.562 16.876 428.65
18 - 60 - 0.750 16.500 419.10
18 - 80 - 0.938 16.124 409.55
18 - 100 - 1.156 15.688 398.48
18 - 120 - 1.375 15.250 387.35
18 - 140 - 1.562 14.876 377.85
18 - 160 - 1.781 14.438 366.73
20 20.000 - - 5S 0.188 19.624 498.45
20 - - 10S 0.218 19.564 496.93
20 - 10 - 0.250 19.500 495.30
20 STD 20 - 0.375 19.250 488.95
20 XS 30 - 0.500 19.000 482.60
20 - 40 - 0.594 18.812 477.82
20 - 60 - 0.812 18.376 466.75
20 - 80 - 1.031 17.938 455.63
20 - 100 - 1.281 17.438 442.93
20 - 120 - 1.500 17.000 431.80
20 - 140 - 1.750 16.500 419.10
20 - 160 - 1.969 16.062 407.97
22 22.000 - - 5S 0.188 21.624 549.25
22 - - 10S 0.218 21.564 547.73
22 - 10 - 0.250 21.500 546.10
22 STD 20 - 0.375 21.250 539.75
22 XS 30 - 0.500 21.000 533.40
22 - 60 - 0.875 20.250 514.35
22 - 80 - 1.125 19.750 501.65
22 - 100 - 1.375 19.250 488.95
22 - 120 - 1.625 18.750 476.25
22 - 140 - 1.875 18.250 463.55
22 - 160 - 2.125 17.750 450.85
24 24.000 - - 5S 0.218 23.564 598.53
24 - 10 10S 0.250 23.500 596.90
24 STD 20 - 0.375 23.250 590.55
24 XS XS - 0.500 23.000 584.20
24 - 30 - 0.562 22.876 581.05
24 - 40 - 0.688 22.624 574.65
24 - 60 - 0.969 22.062 560.37
24 - 80 - 1.219 21.562 547.67
24 - 100 - 1.531 20.938 531.83
24 - 120 - 1.812 20.376 517.55
24 - 140 - 2.062 19.876 504.85
24 - 160 - 2.344 19.312 490.52
26 26.000 - 10 - 0.312 25.376 644.55
26 STD STD - 0.375 25.250 641.35
26 XS 20 - 0.500 25.000 635.00
28 28.000 - 10 - 0.312 27.376 695.35
28 STD STD - 0.375 27.250 692.15
28 XS 20 - 0.500 27.000 685.80
28 - 30 - 0.625 26.750 679.45
30 30.000 - - 5S 0.250 29.500 749.30
 Pipe Size Data

Nominal Outside Dia. CS Pipe SS Pipe Thickness Inside Dia. Inside Dia.
Size inch Type Sch No. inch inch mm
30 - 10 10S 0.312 29.376 746.15
30 STD STD - 0.375 29.250 742.95
30 XS 20 - 0.500 29.000 736.60
30 - 30 - 0.625 28.750 730.25
32 32.000 - 10 - 0.312 31.376 796.95
32 STD STD - 0.375 31.250 793.75
32 XS 20 - 0.500 31.000 787.40
32 - 30 - 0.625 30.750 781.05
32 - 40 - 0.688 30.624 777.85
34 34.000 - 10 - 0.344 33.312 846.12
34 STD STD - 0.375 33.250 844.55
34 XS 20 - 0.500 33.000 838.20
34 - 30 - 0.625 32.750 831.85
34 - 40 - 0.688 32.624 828.65
36 36.000 10 0.312 35.376 898.55
36 STD STD 0.375 35.250 895.35
36 XS 20 0.500 35.000 889.00
36 30 0.625 34.750 882.65
36 40 0.750 34.500 876.30
 Pipe Size Data Rearranged

Size 10 20 30 40 60 80 100
1/8" 0.269 0.215
1/4" 0.364 0.302
3/8" 0.493 0.423
1/2" 0.622 0.546
3/4" 0.824 0.742
1" 1.049 0.957
1.25" 1.380 1.278
1.5" 1.610 1.500
2" 2.067 1.939
2.5" 2.469 2.323
3" 3.068 2.900
3.5" 3.548 3.364
4" 4.026 3.826
5" 5.047 4.813
6" 6.065 5.761
8" 8.125 8.071 7.981 7.813 7.625 7.437
10" 10.250 10.136 10.020 9.750 9.562 9.312
12" 12.250 12.090 11.938 11.626 11.374 11.062
14" 13.500 13.376 13.250 13.124 12.812 12.500 12.124
16" 15.500 15.376 15.250 15.000 14.688 14.312 13.938
18" 17.500 17.376 17.124 16.876 16.500 16.124 15.688
20" 19.500 19.250 19.000 18.812 18.376 17.938 17.438
22" 21.500 21.250 21.000 Invalid 20.250 19.750 19.250
24" 23.500 23.250 22.876 22.624 22.062 21.562 20.938
26" 25.376 25.000 Invalid
28" 27.376 27.000 26.750
30" 29.376 29.000 28.750
32" 31.376 31.000 30.750 30.624
34" 33.312 33.000 32.750 32.624
36" 35.376 35.000 34.750 34.500

Standard
User
ta Rearranged

120 140 160 STD XS XSS

Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
0.466 0.252
0.612 0.434
0.815 0.599
1.160 0.896
1.338 1.100
1.687 1.503
2.125 1.771
2.624 2.300

3.624 3.438 3.152

4.563 4.313 4.063
5.501 5.187 4.897
7.187 7.001 6.813 6.875
9.062 8.750 8.500
10.750 10.500 10.126 12.000 11.750 10.750
11.812 11.500 11.188 13.250 13.000
13.562 13.124 12.812 15.250 15.000
15.250 14.876 14.438 17.250 17.000
17.000 16.500 16.062 19.250 19.000
18.750 18.250 17.750 21.250 21.000
20.376 19.876 19.312 23.250 23.000
25.250 25.000
27.250 27.000
29.250 Invalid
31.250 Invalid
33.250 33.000
35.250 35.000
 Pump Power Calculation

Select Units IP Unit Conversion

Head 83 ft 25.30 m
Discharge 70 USgpm 15.89 cu.mtr/hr
Specific Gravity 1
Pump Efficiency 85 %
Motor Efficiency 90 %

Water Power 1.47 HP 1.08 kW

Break Power 1.73 HP 1.27 kW
Motor Power 1.92 HP 1.41 kW

Formula in IP Units

WHP = H x Q x 8.33 x SG/33000

H= Head in Feet
Q= Flowrate in Usgpm
8.33 is conversion factor for gallons to lbs
33000 is conversion factor foot-pounds/minute to HP

Formula in SI Units

WKW = H x Q x 1000 x SG x g/[3600 x 1000]

H= Head in meters
Q= Flowrate in m3/hr
1000 is coversion factor from m3 to kg
g= Acceleration due to gravity - 9.81m/s2
3600 is conversion factor for hr to seconds
1000 is conversion factor from W to kW
 MARY 1500 MW CCPP

Client Date Plant Calculation by

Project Number Rev Line Function Line Number 1 to 2

INPUT DATA CALCULATION RESULT

Fluid Data Pipe Data Flowrate Friction Factor

Flowing Fluid Pipe Roughness Inside Diameter K value of Fittings

Fluid State Straight Length Pipe Schedule Outlet Velocity

Density Elevation Difference Velocity Total Pressure Loss

Viscosity Reynold Number Flow Regime

No of Valves
Section Straight Length (m) Dia of Pipe Butterfly Ball Gate Globe Check
1 to 2

No of Tee
Section Straight Length (m) Dia of Pipe No of 90 Bends Branch Thru Run No of Reducer No of Expander

1 to 2

Section Section of Piping b Description

1 1 to 2
 A. Water Properties Water Density

Calculates water density and 1010.00

Density kg/m3
specific heat, thermal
conductivity at any temperature
1000.00
TDS corrections for standard conditions

990.00
Input:

Enter temperature of interest 21 deg C 980.00

970.00
Output:

Density of Water 1001.63 kg/m3 960.00

Specific heat of Water 4.26 kJ/kg-K
Thermal Conductivity of Water 0.6028 W/m deg C
950.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Temperature deg C

Therm al Conduc tiv ity W //m deg C

Temperature Density kg/m3
Specific HeatThermal
kJ/kg-Kcond W/m deg C
Water Specific Heat
Specific heat kJ/kg-K

2.1 1006.64 4.32 0.5735

4.2 1006.19 4.31 0.5770
4.35
6.3 1005.72 4.30 0.5804
8.4 1005.21 4.30 0.5838
10.5 1004.68 4.29 0.5871
Water Thermal Conductivity
4.30 12.6 1004.12 4.28 0.5903
14.7 1003.54 4.28 0.5935 0.6800
16.8 1002.93 4.27 0.5967
18.9 1002.29 4.26 0.5998 0.6600
4.25 21 1001.63 4.26 0.6028
0.6400
31.5 997.92 4.23 0.6173
42 993.57 4.21 0.6304 0.6200
4.20 63 983.04 4.19 0.6526
84 970.18 4.19 0.6696 0.6000

0.5800
4.15
0.5600

0.5400

4.10 0.5200
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Temperature deg C Temperature deg C

Input:

Total Dissolved Solids % in water 20 percent (at 15 deg C and atmospheric Pressure)

Output:

Water Density 1148.7 kg/m3 (at 15 deg C and atmospheric pressure)

B. Solubility of Methane in
Interstitial Water
McCain (1990)

Input:

Formation Temperature 33 deg C 91.4

Reservoir Pressure 8000 kPa 1160
Solids in Brine 3 wt %

Output

Methane Solubility in Fresh Water 1.8044 m3/m3

Methane Solubility in Brine 1.5380 m3/m3

C. Water Hardness
Uses Langelier Saturation Index

Input:

Current pH 7.5 no units

TDS 320 mg/L
Calcium Concentration 150 mg/L (ppm) Hard water has calcium carbonate concentrations greater than 120 mg/L (ppm)
Carbonate Concentration 17 mg/L (ppm)
Bicarbonate Concentration 0 mg/L (ppm)
Alkalinity 34 mg/L (ppm) Enter alkalinity or carbonate and bicarbonate concentration (only one)
Temperature 80 deg C

Output:

Langelier Saturation Index 0.2339 has tendency

to scale

D. Estimating TDS from Conductivity Meter

Input:

Conductivity 812 micro-siemans/cm

Output:

TDS 340.34 mg/L as CaCO3

Problem:

For fixed water analysis, does the scaling tendency

increase or decrease as the temperature is raised?